Reversing- this is a maneuver, the implementation of which requires one hundred percent concentration of the driver's attention. And in some cases, even the additional attention of another person is required, for example, in low visibility conditions. There are a huge number of nuances and restrictions for this type of movement, but, unfortunately, sometimes the situation develops in such a way that reversing simply cannot be avoided. In this regard, it is recommended to keep in mind the rules of the road and possible penalties for their violation.
Reversing on a one-way road
For a long time, such manipulations were considered by law enforcement agencies as an action equal to driving into the oncoming lane with all the ensuing consequences. But lately, there have been some concessions.
Recently, a decision was made to allow reverse movement, but with certain reservations. According to clause 8.12 of the SDA, it is allowed to reverse on a one-way road provided:
- It is safe for all road users;
- It is required to move in this way due to forced necessity (for example, in the event of an obstacle on the road that cannot be bypassed otherwise or when performing a parking maneuver);
- In case of poor visibility and insufficient visibility, the driver must find an assistant who, standing on the street, will regulate the movement of the car, thereby protecting all road users.
At the crossroads
On these sections of the road, drive a car using reverse speed, is strictly prohibited! It does not matter if the intersection is regulated or not, whether the roads are equivalent or the driver is moving along the main road. It also doesn’t matter at all how many lanes at the intersection or how many other road users are currently surrounding the car.
Is it allowed on the motorway?
A motorway is a type of road on which cars move, as a rule, at the maximum permitted speed, in some sections it reaches 130 km / h. Often these roads are quite busy. Given both of these factors, you need to understand that turning on reverse gear in such a place can be extremely dangerous for the lives of several road users at once. Naturally, at the official level of traffic rules categorically forbid such a maneuver on the highway.
What if it's in the yard?
The courtyards of large cities have recently been simply crowded with cars and, starting from 5 pm and until nightfall, there are real battles, first for finding a parking space, and then for the right to take it.
Often you see drivers who can't pass in a narrow lane or who can't squeeze into a small parking space the first time. They have to turn back several times to perform such configurations.
In fact, there is no direct decree indicating the prohibition of reversing in the courtyard area, and given the real situation near the houses, it was impossible to comply with it. But the concentration of attention during such maneuvers in this area should be simply prohibitive. Since, as a rule, visibility and room for maneuver are limited here, there are more pedestrians and, most importantly, the risk of meeting children is increased here.
ATTENTION!
When reversing in the yard area, the driver is in an increased risk zone, therefore it is strongly recommended to resort to the help of acquaintances / passengers or even just passers-by for such maneuvers, for personal safety and the safety of possible oncoming traffic participants.
Where is it forbidden to drive in reverse?
In order not to analyze each individual case, it is necessary to fix in memory those sections of the road where the rules prohibit driving a car when using reverse speed. Among them:
- At intersections of all kinds;
- In tunnels and overpasses;
- On overpasses and bridges;
- On, regulated and not regulated;
- On highways, highways;
- On all types of railway crossings;
- At public transport stops marked with appropriate signs;
- On any stretch of road with visibility less than 100 meters;
- In all places where U-turn is prohibited.
Where is it allowed?
Of course, with extreme caution and 100% attention, reversing is permitted under the following circumstances:
On those sections of roads that are not listed above and subject to good visibility, as well as the obligatory condition that the driver will not interfere with other road users.
What is the penalty?
When turning on reverse gear in places prohibited for this, be prepared to pay a fine of 500 rubles, in accordance with Article 12.14 of the Code of Administrative Offenses. If such a violation of the rule is committed on the motorway, the amount of the fine increases by 5 times!
ATTENTION!
When reversing on a motorway, the fine is 2,500 rubles in accordance with Article 12.11 of the Code of Administrative Offenses.
Responsibility for the accident
In most cases, the driver who turned on the reverse speed is recognized as the culprit of the accident, and in which one of the participants was moving in reverse. But there are also cases when another participant in the movement is to blame, who, for example, exceeded the speed limit. In order to avoid such situations, it is best to ask for the help of passengers or bystanders for the safe implementation of the maneuver.
If, nevertheless, the fault of the driver moving backward is proved, then he is expected:
- A fine of 2500 rubles;
- Payment covering the restoration of all damage to the car received by other road users during this accident;
- Deprivation of rights for a period determined by a court decision;
- Initiation of a criminal case and criminal liability in case of causing physical harm to the health of road users during this accident.
Who is at fault in a collision with a car in a parking lot or collision with a pedestrian while reversing
Considering the well-known fact that the pedestrian is always right, as well as the fact that the driver has the last priority when reversing, when colliding with another car in a parking lot or when hitting a pedestrian,
Either way, it's the driver's fault. moving backward vehicle. In the event that such an incident nevertheless occurred, you need to act as follows:
- Assess the situation - if no one was seriously injured and the pedestrian has no complaints against you, then you can limit yourself to apologies. And it is important to wait for the driver of the affected car in order to resolve the issue with him by means of the Euro-protocol.
- In case of serious injury to a pedestrian or severe damage to the second car, it is necessary to call the traffic police and an ambulance. If possible, provide first aid to the victim.
Well, it is natural to conclude that you should be more careful while driving and, if necessary, do not hesitate to use the help of other people.
THE MAIN THING!
Never hesitate to resort to the help of even people just passing by your car (if there were no passengers in your car) to protect yourself and other road users when turning on the reverse gear!
How to prove innocence in an accident if your car was driven into the road while reversing
In such an unpleasant situation, which can still happen when following a busy road, the first thing you need to do is not get confused, but do a number of simple steps:
- Firstly, it is best to find someone who can confirm your innocence, exchange contact information with him and enlist his support. It can be drivers and passengers of neighboring cars or pedestrians.
- If your car has a DVR, you need to save files with a record of the moment of the collision, they can later be attached to the case file;
- Look around carefully. Perhaps in the immediate environment are installed CCTV Cameras on buildings adjacent to the road, it is likely that they could also record this incident;
- Do not exclude the decency of the driver, the culprit of the accident. There is a chance that he himself admits that he was wrong.
Driving a car is always associated with a high level of risk, and complex manoeuvres, such as reversing, for example, increase this risk significantly. In this regard, it is recommended to resort to such a movement only in exceptional cases and always use the help of third parties.
Useful video
Here you can find out about the rules of driving in reverse:
All cars have the technical ability to move backwards. But if you abuse it, it is easy to run into punishment. Indeed, with such a maneuver, the driver sees the road much worse, thereby increasing the danger of movement.
Sometimes this option is more appropriate than the usual way of movement. But maneuver is allowed in strictly defined places and situations:
- where there is no intersection;
- if necessary, leave the yard or enter its territory;
- on sections of the road where a U-turn is allowed;
- in areas with poor visibility of the road, if the driver has the opportunity to use the help of other people during the action;
- if necessary, on a one-way road subject to certain rules.
In all cases, a prerequisite for the implementation of the maneuver is the absence of other objects (cars, people, other obstacles) on the way of the car. Before starting to reverse, he must make sure that this method of movement is safe. And it has no right to interfere with pedestrians, other cars follow their trajectory. In the SDA, the requirements for the implementation of the maneuver are reflected in paragraph 8.12:
The movement of the vehicle in reverse is permitted provided that this maneuver is safe and does not interfere with other road users. If necessary, the driver must enlist the assistance of other persons.
Signs warning about the prohibition of maneuver
The inadmissibility of reversing on the road is indicated by special symbols:
- "No entry";
- "Movement Prohibition".
Violating the rule, in some cases you can run into a fine of 5000 rubles. or be left without a driver's license for 4 to 6 months. This will happen if the car is driving backwards in the opposite direction in a one-way lane, interfering with others. Violation is punishable under part 3 of article 12.16.
But “brick” and “no traffic” are not all signs that deny drivers the right to maneuver. There are also symbols 5.1 "motorway" and 5.3 "road for cars". The ban also applies to them. In the first case, according to paragraph 16.1 of the SDA:
On motorways it is prohibited:
● training ride.
Symbol 5.3 in relation to the ability to drive in reverse works in a similar way, since a U-turn is prohibited in its coverage area. This is regulated by traffic rules:
Road sign for special regulations 5.3 Road for cars means a road reserved for the traffic of cars, buses and motorcycles only. And, introduces the driving mode set out in section 16 of the SDA for driving on motorways.
When will the fine be and what in 2017
The driver risks being punished if his car moves backwards in the following cases:
- at or near a pedestrian crossing;
- in the tunnel
- in the public transport stop zone;
- at the crossroads;
- on a bridge or overpass;
- through the overpass;
- at a railway crossing;
- in the zone of limited visibility, if paragraph 8.12 of the traffic rules is violated.
This maneuver in these areas can be very dangerous for the motorist performing it and other people. And therefore, punishment is imposed for this, regulated by various articles of the Code of Administrative Offenses. And the ban itself is in paragraph 8.11 of the SDA.
For one-way traffic
Punishment for driving in reverse can be applied not only in the event of an accident due to it. But in the event of an accident, it is the driver who applied the maneuver that will become the culprit, which is confirmed by legal practice. In other cases, he will have to pay a fine.
At the crossroads
Moving a car backwards at an intersection is punishable under part 4 of Article 12.14 of the Code of Administrative Offenses. This is a $500 fine. A violation can be recorded by a camera or a traffic police officer, the amount of payment does not change from this.
It is not worth taking risks on this section of the road, despite the modest size of the fine. Crossroads are one of the most dangerous places to maneuver, because cars here rush in different directions. And driving in reverse can lead to a collision.
By the side of the road
The punishment for driving in reverse on the side of the road is regulated by part 2 of Article 12.14. The forced monetary payment for the misconduct will be 500 rubles. The danger of an accident here is also great because of the possibility of parking on the side of the road for other cars.
A similar punishment awaits a driver whose vehicle has moved along the median lane in this way. The same article of the Code works here.
By motorway
More dangerous than in previous cases, a violation committed on the highway. And the punishment for misconduct is regulated by another article of the Code - 12.11, part 3. The fine here will increase to 2500 rubles. And the danger of a strong collision with another car increases many times over. After all, this section of the road usually travel at high speed.
At the pedestrian crossing
The pedestrian zone on the roadway is a taboo for motorists. This also applies to driving in reverse. For it on this section of the road, as well as 5 m from the "zebra", the driver will have to pay a fine of 500 rubles. Part 2 of Article 12.14 of the Code of Administrative Offenses applies here. And if reversing resulted in a collision with a pedestrian, other sections of the Code will apply.
About when it is allowed to drive in reverse, and in what cases this will entail punishment for the driver, see this video:
How to Reduce the Chance of DPT When Reversing
And yet, in some cases, it is indispensable to pass a little on the back of the car. The driver must take all possible measures to avoid an accident. He should first understand in each situation what to pay special attention to:
Driving in reverse requires some experience and, of course, compliance with traffic rules. Neglecting them when performing a maneuver can cost more than a fine, because it becomes a frequent cause of an accident. A careless driver can also be easy prey for auto-substitutes. Therefore, you need to hand over backwards by car, concentrating not only on the road, but also paying attention to the environment.
Is it legal to drive in reverse on one way roads for 2020? Many drivers are simply sure that it is possible to drive backwards on such sections of roads, and they argue this with clause 8.12 of the SDA, where it is clearly indicated where this is possible and where it is not. But not everything is so simple, and there are a number of subtleties here - even if you have passed the desired turn.
Is it possible or not?
To answer this question, let's first read clause 8.12 of the Rules:
8.12. Vehicle driving in reverse permitted provided that this maneuver is safe and does not interfere with other road users. If necessary, the driver must enlist the assistance of other persons.
Reversing is prohibited at intersections and in places where a U-turn is prohibited in accordance with paragraph 8.11 of the Rules.
What does paragraph 8.11 say? And it prohibits on the following sections of roads:
- on bridges and similar road structures,
- on railway tracks and crossings,
- if the road has limited visibility at a distance of less than 100 meters,
- at public transport stops.
As you can see, there is no one-way road here. It's no joke, but according to the letter of the traffic rules, indeed, nothing prohibits a U-turn. After all, logically, this is not a “against the grain” movement. Such a movement does not include a reversal and exists independently. You can, for example, turn around just to park, and the traffic rules in force for 2020 do not prohibit this.
But there is subtlety
It lies in the very purpose of reversing. As a rule, such drivers have passed the desired turn on a one-way street and have only one actual goal - to leave this road back to the desired turn. And if it is implemented precisely by driving backwards, so as not to violate the Rules, then such a driver will violate them in any case:
- moving in reverse on a one-way to leave it, you get on, on which it is also forbidden to reverse (paragraph 8.12 of the SDA),
- or you reach the place where you can turn into the adjacent territory, but through traffic is prohibited on the adjacent territory (clause 1.2 of the SDA),
- sooner or later you may also come across a crosswalk, and it is also not allowed to drive backwards on it, according to 8.12.
But does this mean that it is possible to directly reverse on a one-way road, and if valiant traffic police inspectors do not see you at the crossings, adjacent or intersections, but you can get away with it? Not at all.
Here, according to the same logic, one should distinguish the direction of movement of the vehicle. That is, if you are driving, basically, in reverse for a long distance, then something should tell you that you are violating the Rules. However, there is no explicit prohibition anywhere. But there is a decision of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, which quite clearly answers this question.
What does the Supreme Court say?
This decree was issued back in 2012, and the corresponding text in it clearly interprets when it is possible to move in reverse on a one-way road and when not. It is still the latest, and no other decisions have been made to correct or supplement it.
By this plenum, the court explained, referring to the same paragraph 8.12 of the SDA, that everything depends on objective circumstances. This means that if you are moving in reverse due to objective circumstances, then you can. The court named only 2 of them:
- for parking purposes,
- if the obstacle does not allow you to go further forward.
Otherwise, driving backwards on one-way streets is prohibited.
In addition, the court explained that it is also impossible to take back to a one-way road through a brick. And for this you will be prosecuted not as a violation of the sign (500 rubles), but precisely for moving against the move (up to deprivation of rights). But more on that below.
Here is a quote from the Plenum of the RF Armed Forces:
It should be borne in mind that, based on the content of clause 8.12 of the SDA, driving in reverse on a one-way road is not prohibited, provided that this maneuver is safe for road users and, taking into account the current traffic situation, is caused by an objective necessity (for example, avoiding an obstacle, parking)...
What objective necessity allows you to go in reverse?
By the letter of the legal act, the Supreme Court listed only 2 such needs: parking and the presence of an obstacle. But he gave them as examples. This means that another objective necessity is also possible.
Here it is logical to assume that such a need is the inability to perform the required permitted maneuver without resorting to reverse. For example, if you have passed the desired exit from a one-way road or a turn, then this need to reverse is not objective, because you can drive further forward, make a circle and again thus return to the desired turn or exit. Be careful, many drivers are deprived of their rights precisely for this delusion.
Likewise, you cannot drive backwards to a passenger drop-off point or parking space unless you stop immediately behind it to the extent necessary for parallel parking, for example. What distance is allowed, 2 meters, 3 or 20, is not specified anywhere, and this is the ambiguity of even paragraph 8.12 of the SDA clarified by the Supreme Court regarding our issue.
In general, the reference itself, when explaining to objective necessity, is in principle incorrect, since a clear definition of such necessity is not given in any normative legislative act.
What is the punishment?
Under the current legislation for 2020, for reversing on a one-way road, you will be held liable under part 3 of Article 12.16 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, and it provides for a fine of 5,000 rubles or deprivation of the right to the discretion of the judge considering the case.
In addition, if you fall for the same violation again within a year after the expiration of the deprivation period or full payment of the fine, depending on what you are assigned, you will be punished already under part 3.1 of the same article, which provides for another deprivation rights - already for 1 year, or a fine of 5,000 rubles, if this was recorded on camera.
Moving backwards by car is one of the most difficult and rather dangerous maneuvers for drivers. Of course, moving backwards allows you to conveniently park, and rear-view mirrors make it possible to assess the situation and the distance to nearby objects, cars, but in any case, such a maneuver is complicated and has a number of disadvantages:
- When reversing, the driver must yield to all pedestrians and all vehicles.
- Not all sections of the roadway (we will talk about this in more detail) reverse movement is allowed.
- There is a high probability of an accident when moving backwards, so this maneuver requires the driver to be vigilant.
Let us dwell on the second point and determine where reversing is prohibited. What does the SDA say about this, what are the penalties for violation?
Where is it forbidden to reverse in traffic rules?
Paragraphs 8.12 and 8.11 of the SDA clearly state that moving backwards is prohibited at intersections and in places where U-turns are not allowed. But in the same paragraph of the Rules it is indicated that driving in reverse by car is allowed if the car does not interfere with other cars, pedestrians, etc. That is, this paragraph says that moving back by car is not allowed even in places where there are prohibition signs.
However, there are places where driving in reverse is prohibited:
- Pedestrian zones.
- Tunnels.
- Railway crossings.
- Crossroads.
- Highways.
- Overpasses, bridges, overpasses.
- Sections of roads where visibility within a radius of 100 meters is limited.
- Parking places for trolleybuses and buses.
- Sections of the road with one-way traffic.
Specifically, in these places, where U-turns and reversing are prohibited, even paragraph 8.12 does not apply, according to which reversing can be carried out if it does not interfere with other drivers on the road.
At the pedestrian crossing
At a pedestrian crossing, backward movement is extremely rare and completely illogical. But it happens that drivers miss the right turn. But even in the absence of pedestrians at the crossing and cars, it is impossible to take back. This is one of those places where reversing is strictly prohibited. If the driver breaks the rule, he faces a fine. Its size can be 500-2000 rubles.
At the crossroads
It is also forbidden to drive a car in reverse at an intersection. There are reasons for this. First of all, there is a limited view for the driver, as well as high traffic intensity. There is a high probability of getting into an accident in the case of moving backwards by car at an intersection. The blow can be delivered from any direction.
And although an intersection is one of those places where reverse driving is prohibited, not all road intersections are considered intersections. For example, the junction of a secondary road to the main one and exits to the courtyard area are not crossroads. But even in this case, you should be very careful when moving backwards, because. visibility for the driver will still be limited. In case of poor visibility, the driver must use the help of a third party, but this still will not serve as a reason for exemption from liability in the event of an accident.
Articles 12.13 and 12.14 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation categorically prohibit reversing at intersections and entail an administrative penalty. We are talking about a fine of 500-1000 rubles.
At the railroad crossing
Railroad crossings are areas where reversing is prohibited due to increased danger. It is also prohibited here to stop in the crossing area, turn around and move during the prohibition signal.
This rule is regulated by Article 12.19 of the AA Code. Violations can be punished with a fine. Its size will be 1000 rubles. Also, the traffic police inspector has the opportunity to deprive the driver's license for 6 months, and in case of repetition of this violation - for 12 months.
With one-way traffic
And although a one-way road is an area where reversing is prohibited by car, in case of a violation, one can refer to paragraph 8.12 of the SDA, which states that reversing is possible if it does not interfere with drivers on the road (or pedestrians).
If there was an obstacle for other road users when moving backward, then a protocol will be drawn up for the driver, and he will be forced to pay a fine of 500 rubles.
By motorway
Given the fact that the motorway is a zone of traffic with increased speed, the penalties for violations are tougher here. Reversing and turning on the motorway are also prohibited. In case of violation, the driver will have to pay a fine of 2500 rubles.
Where is it allowed?
All reversing prohibitions exist solely for the purpose of ensuring traffic safety on the roads. Due to the rapid development of the market and the increase in the technical parameters of cars, tougher penalties for traffic violations are required. However, punishments and prohibitions do not protect a person from the risk of an accident in case of violation of the rules.
As for driving backwards in a car, this is allowed in almost all situations except those presented above. To summarize, reversing is regulated by two points of the SDA. Therefore, even when driving on a one-way lane, drivers have the right to reverse, but only if there are no other cars behind.
Many drivers get the impression that the list of prohibitions and fines for driving a car in reverse generally prohibits reversing. But actually it is not. When there is an objective need, then reverse movement is possible if this does not interfere with other drivers or pedestrians. However, the places described above are places where reversing is strictly prohibited in Russia, and clause 8.12 does not apply there, which allows movement provided that there are no other cars.
Finally
Quite often, traffic police inspectors fine drivers for driving in reverse. However, some car owners are quite savvy and can safely refer to paragraph 8.12, proving that their maneuver did not interfere with other drivers on the road.
Note that it was precisely in order to avoid abuse of the rules that the Decree was issued, referring to paragraph 8.12. In accordance with the Decree, the reverse movement of vehicles is allowed, if this does not interfere with drivers or pedestrians. However, if the traffic police inspectors regard this as a violation, then the driver will have to prove that he acted because of objective necessity, and that at the same time he did not interfere with other drivers. However, no rule or law stipulates the degree of objectivity, so quite often drivers manage to avoid fines for such an offense. Take note, but unless absolutely necessary, do not reverse your car in places where it is forbidden to do so.
Teaching a novice driver how to drive a car while reversing requires a combination of theoretical knowledge as well as practical skills.
Before starting the maneuver, it should be borne in mind that any violation of the relevant rules entails full responsibility. Therefore, education must be taken seriously.
Paragraph 8.12 in the Rules of the Road says that traffic in reverse is allowed if such a maneuver does not create danger, as well as interference for other cars, pedestrians.
Paragraph 8.11 of the same document indicates the places where driving back is not allowed:
- crossroads;
- crosswalk;
- tunnel;
- bridge, overpass, overpass;
- sections of the road with limited visibility up to 100 meters;
- public transport stop.
Part 3 of Article 12.11 of the Code of Russia says that U-turn and reversing on the highway is considered a violation of the rules and is subject to a fine of at least 2,500 rubles.
The third part of article 12.16 states that driving backwards in the opposite direction on a one-way road will be punished with a fine of up to 5,000 rubles.
According to part 2 of article 12.14, a U-turn and reversing on sections of the road where such maneuvers are not allowed face a fine of up to 500 rubles.
Alert signals
If you back up, a white light comes on, indicating that the reverse gear is engaged. If the maneuver is performed at night, then for additional notification of other road users, you must turn on the emergency gang.
Steering wheel and hands
The position of the steering wheel at the beginning of the movement should always be straight. If it is necessary to make a turn, then the maneuver can be started after the car has moved.
Hands should always be located in the upper third of the steering wheel in order to be able to turn equally to the right and to the left.
Three-mirror control and blind spots
Before you start driving, you must correctly set the mirrors.
Their location should be such that the driver does not tilt his head to get a full view of the roadway. He only needs to look from mirror to mirror to assess the situation from behind.
The ideal mirror setting is when an object coming out of the view of the rear mirror immediately appears in one of the side mirrors.
With this method of movement, the driver loses part of the road and the side of the road from sight. If one of the side mirrors is missing, the space on that side will be closed to full view.
Also, a blind spot can be created by the rear pillars of the roof of the car. Poor visibility will not allow you to see an object or a pedestrian in time.
If the motorist does not have sufficient experience, he will need the help of a person behind the car. It will help to go around an object located in the blind zone.
We pass all participants in the movement
If you have a car or pedestrian in your way, stop and let them pass. They have priority over you.
If the driver does not let one of the road users pass, he may scratch another car or run into a pedestrian.
No jerks, low speed
Reverse gear has its own peculiarity and allows you to pick up speed quickly enough.
To avoid traffic rules, the driver needs to control the speed limit and backs up at low engine speeds.
Don't Forget the Front Wheels
Don't forget the front of the car. When making turns when moving backwards, the driver must control the space on the sides of the car.
With a strong turn of the steering wheel, the front part has a large amplitude. The trajectory of the wheels and the front bumper are very different, which can lead to an accident.
Driving in reverse can only be mastered by practice. After studying the theory, the driver needs to choose an empty section of the road, or visit the circuit. By repeating the same maneuver several times, the motorist will gain confidence and skill in driving in reverse.
