Hello dears.
Some time ago I published a post in the community about a swastika on the car of the last Russian emperor, which caused some resonance
Some disputes arose and even examples of an even more interesting combination were given - the swastika and the Land of the Soviets. However, there is nothing surprising in this combination. And I will now explain why.
Most often, Soviet rubles with swastikas are remembered, as well as chevrons and documents of soldiers of the South-Eastern Front of the Red Army in 1918-1920.
Let's start with money. Here are the 1918 banknotes of 5,000 and 10,000 rubles, signed by the manager of the State Bank of the RSFSR G.L. Pyatakov, and often called “pyatakovka” by the people.
The reason for such a pattern on money is not mystical, and the Freemasons and the National Socialist Workers' Party, which seems to not exist yet, have nothing to do with it. Everything simply comes down to time and technical capabilities.
After the February Revolution, the Provisional Government was vitally interested in issuing its money. But the order for the speedy production of paper money with new revolutionary symbols came into conflict with the technical capabilities of the mint, or rather the Expedition for the Procurement of State Papers (EZGB). According to the technology of money production, the full cycle from sketch to finished circulation took at least a year. Based on the provided sketch, engravers-artists prepared a model of the banknote, after it was approved in color tests and methods of protection, a matrix was made, then printing forms were made from it using the method of steel galvanoplasty, with the help of which, in turn, bank notes were replicated.
Therefore, it was possible to speed up the release of new samples of banknotes only by using ready-made models, matrices and printing forms from other banknotes that were being issued, those being prepared for release, or for some reason unissued. In this case, the developments of the EZGB were used for the planned issue of banknotes of the Mongolian National Bank.
These ones, for example:
The new money that appeared in 1917, bills of 250 and 1000 rubles, were popularly called “Duma money” or “Dumka”.
Well, the newborn Soviet state initially had even less opportunity and time to make its own money - that’s why “heel shoes” appeared, which were in circulation in some places right up to 1922.
With insignia, for some Red Army soldiers, everything is even simpler.
In November 1919, the commander of the South-Eastern Front of the Red Army, V.I. Shorin, issued order No. 213, which approved the distinctive sleeve insignia of the KALMYK (I especially emphasize) formations
Order to the troops of the South-Eastern Front #213
Gor. Saratov November 3, 1919
The distinctive sleeve insignia of the Kalmyk formations is approved, according to the attached drawing and description.
The right to wear is assigned to all command personnel and Red Army soldiers of existing and newly formed Kalmyk units, in accordance with the instructions of the order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic. for #116.
Front Commander Shorin
Member of the Revolutionary Military Council Trifonov
Wreed. Chief of Staff of the General Staff Pugachev
Appendix to the order to the troops of the South-Eastern Front p. #213
Description
A rhombus measuring 15 x 11 centimeters made of red cloth. In the upper corner there is a five-pointed star, in the center there is a wreath, in the middle of which there is a “lyngtn” with the inscription “R. S.F.S.R.” The diameter of the star is 15 mm, the diameter of the wreath is 6 cm, the size of the “lyngtn” is 27 mm, the letter is 6 mm.
The badge for command and administrative personnel is embroidered in gold and silver and for the Red Army soldiers is stenciled.
The star, “lyungtn” and the ribbon of the wreath are embroidered in gold (for Red Army soldiers - with yellow paint), the wreath itself and the inscription are embroidered in silver (for Red Army soldiers - with white paint).
And the funny thing is that here we are not talking about the swastika as such, but about a certain “lyngtn”. And this is funny, because the most famous Buddhist symbol “Lungta”, or “Wind Horse”, meaning “whirlwind”, “vital energy”, is a completely different symbol. It can still be seen in Mongolian symbolism: 
So either Comrade Shorin apparently mixed something up :-)
And the swastika itself is a clear and correct sign for Kalmyk Buddhists. She was the personification of the Buddha Law, to which all things are subject. This means that the Kalmyks who fought under it believed that they were fighting for a just cause.
Have a nice time of day.
This topic has already been on the site several times, but let’s repeat it in case someone missed it.
Among the symbols used by the Red Army there was not only a star, but also a swastika. This is what the award badge of the commanders of the South-Eastern Front of the Kyrgyz Republic looked like. Armies in 1918-1920
In November 1919, the commander of the South-Eastern Front of the Red Army, V.I. Shorin, issued order No. 213, which approved the distinctive sleeve insignia of Kalmyk formations using a swastika. The swastika in the order is denoted by the word “lyngtn”, that is, the Buddhist “Lungta”, meaning “whirlwind”, “vital energy”.
Order to the troops of the South-Eastern Front #213
Gor. Saratov November 3, 1919
The distinctive sleeve insignia of the Kalmyk formations is approved, according to the attached drawing and description.
The right to wear is assigned to all command personnel and Red Army soldiers of existing and newly formed Kalmyk units, in accordance with the instructions of the order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic. for #116.
Front Commander Shorin
Member of the Revolutionary Military Council Trifonov
Wreed. Chief of Staff of the General Staff Pugachev
Appendix to the order to the troops of the South-Eastern Front p. #213
Description
A rhombus measuring 15 x 11 centimeters made of red cloth. In the upper corner there is a five-pointed star, in the center there is a wreath, in the middle of which there is a “lyngtn” with the inscription “R. S.F.S.R.” The diameter of the star is 15 mm, the wreath is 6 cm, the size “lyungtn” is 27 mm, the letter is 6 mm.
The badge for command and administrative personnel is embroidered in gold and silver and for the Red Army soldiers is stenciled.
The star, “lyungtn” and the ribbon of the wreath are embroidered in gold (for Red Army soldiers - with yellow paint), the wreath itself and the inscription are embroidered in silver (for Red Army soldiers - with white paint).
In Russia, the swastika first appeared in official symbols in 1917 - it was then, on April 24, that the Provisional Government issued a decree on the issue of new banknotes in denominations of 250 and 1000 rubles.1 The peculiarity of these bills was that they had an image of a swastika. Here is a description of the front side of the 1000-ruble banknote, given in paragraph No. 128 of the Senate resolution of June 6, 1917: “The main grid pattern consists of two large oval guilloche rosettes - right and left... In the center of each of both large rosettes there is a geometric pattern formed crosswise intersecting wide stripes, bent at right angles, at one end to the right, and at the other to the left... The intermediate background between both large rosettes is filled with a guilloche pattern, and the center of this background is occupied by a geometric ornament of the same pattern as in both rosettes, but larger.”2 Unlike the 1000-ruble banknote, the 250-ruble banknote had only one swastika - in the center behind the eagle.
From the banknotes of the Provisional Government, the swastika migrated to the first Soviet banknotes. True, in this case this was caused by production necessity, and not ideological considerations: the Bolsheviks, who were preoccupied with issuing their own money in 1918, simply took ready-made cliches of new banknotes (5,000 and 10,000 rubles), created by order of the Provisional Government, which were being prepared for released in 1918. Kerensky and his comrades were unable to print these banknotes due to known circumstances, but the leadership of the RSFSR found the clichés useful. Thus, swastikas were present on Soviet banknotes of 5,000 and 10,000 rubles. These banknotes were in circulation until 1922.
Swastika in military symbols USA used in the First World War: it was applied to the fuselages of aircraft of the famous American Lafayette squadron.
The swastika was also depicted on the Boeing P-12, which was in service with the American Air Force from 1929 to 1941. The squadron's insignia was an Indian head painted on the fuselage. In America, the swastika has long been perceived as a typical Indian symbol.
In addition, the swastika was depicted on the chevron of the 45th Infantry Division of the US Army, which it wore from 1923 to 1939
Finland in the context of our story, it is interesting because today it is, perhaps, the only state in the EU V whose official symbolism includes a swastika. It first appeared there in 1918, the year the Swedish Baron von Rosen gave the Finnish White Guard a Morane-Saulnier Type D aircraft, which, in fact, marked the beginning of the existence of the Finnish Air Force.9 The plane featured a blue swastika - the baron’s coat of arms. Therefore, it became the symbol of the new military aviation. The swastika on the flag of the Finnish Air Force is still present today.
Kostroma bloggers began an action in support of a local resident, whom the regional prosecutor's office intends to prosecute for using a swastika emblem on his avatar, invented back in 1919 by the commander of the Red Army.
The prosecutor's office of the Kostroma region began an investigation into a blogger under the nickname Prishelec, registered on the Kostroma Jedi forum, in February of this year. The user's avatar caught the attention of prosecutors.
“We constantly monitor the Internet and electronic media,” the regional prosecutor’s office told Gazeta. “So there is nothing unusual in this case.”
On Prishelec's avatar, he placed an image of a swastika against a red diamond background. The dubious drawing was copied from the website and sent to specialists for examination.
“According to the expert’s conclusion, this symbol is confusingly similar to the Nazi symbols used by the troops of Nazi Germany during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945,” explained the regional prosecutor’s office.
Nevertheless, after going to the prosecutor’s office, Prishelec changed his avatar to a more harmless one. However, the sensitive topic he raised on the forum quickly found like-minded people who decided to support Prishelec in their own way. Now, one after another, avatars with swastikas appear on the Kostroma Jedi forum.
At the same time, many Internet users were interested in the history of the origin of the drawing depicted on Prishelec’s avatar. It turned out that back in 1919, the commander of the South-Eastern Front, Vasily Shorin, ordered that it be introduced as a sleeve patch for the Kalmyk formations of the Red Army.
 |
As for Prishelec, a case was opened against him for an administrative offense for propaganda and public display of Nazi paraphernalia or symbols, or paraphernalia or symbols confusingly similar to Nazi paraphernalia or symbols (Article 20.3 Part 1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).
In addition, according to prosecutors, the blogger violated Art. 6 of the federal law “On the perpetuation of the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945,” which prohibits “the use of Nazi symbols in any form as insulting the multinational people and the memory of the victims suffered in the Great Patriotic War.”
The investigation materials were transferred to the magistrate's court for consideration of the case on the merits. Now the Kostroma resident faces a fine of up to 1,000 rubles or arrest of up to 15 days with confiscation of symbols.
Meanwhile, according to expert historians, the conclusions reached by the prosecutor’s office of the Kostroma region are erroneous and the Shorin emblem has nothing to do with Nazism.
“The Shorin sign is a very well-known emblem that has been repeatedly published in various literature,” explained historian Roman Bagdasarov. “Therefore, it is strange that experts considered it Nazi. This emblem is neither fascist nor Nazi. It was invented by Vasily Shorin, invited by Leon Trotsky to the Red Army. There was no Nazism in the project then.”
According to Roman Bagdasarov, now the description of the swastika and its sketches are stored in the Central State Archive of the Soviet Army.
Shorin Vasily Ivanovich
Born December 26, 1870 (January 7, 1871). Colonel of the Tsarist army with extensive combat experience. After the October Revolution he went over to the side of Soviet power. He was chosen by the soldiers to lead the 26th Infantry Division. In September 1918, in Vyatka, he voluntarily joined the Red Army and was appointed commander of the 2nd Army of the Eastern Front. Shorin did a lot of work to reorganize the army and led its actions in the Izhevsk-Votkinsk operation against Kolchak’s troops. Since May 1919, the commander of the northern group of the Eastern Front, led the Perm and Yekaterinburg operations. From the end of July 1919, he commanded a special group of the Southern Front (9th, 10th, and later 11th armies), transformed in September 1919 into the Southeastern Front. In January 1920 he commanded the Caucasian Front. From January 1922, he commanded the troops of the Turkestan Front, led the fight against the Basmachi, in particular in November 1922 during the liquidation of the Basmachi gangs of Enver Pasha.
Shot in 1938 (according to other sources, he died in prison before trial).
Swastika
Composite of two Sanskrit roots: su (“good, good”) and asti (“life, existence”), that is, “well-being” or “well-being. This is a cross with curved ends (rotating), directed clockwise or counterclockwise. The swastika is one of the most ancient and widespread graphic symbols. It was used by many peoples of the world - it was present on weapons, everyday items, clothing, banners and coats of arms, and was used in the design of churches and houses. The oldest archaeological finds depicting a swastika date back to approximately the X-XV millennium BC. The swastika as a symbol has many meanings; for most peoples, all of them were positive. For most ancient peoples, the swastika was a symbol of the movement of life, the Sun, light and prosperity. Occasionally, the swastika is also used in heraldry, mainly in English, where it is called fylfot, and is usually depicted with shortened ends. In the 20th century, the swastika (German: Hackenkreuz) became known as a symbol of Nazism and Hitler’s Germany and in the mass consciousness of Europeans is steadily associated with the Hitlerite regime and ideology.
Tags: Russia, Society, swastika
This topic has already been on the site several times, but let’s repeat it in case someone missed it.
Among the symbols used by the Red Army there was not only a star, but also a swastika. This is what the award badge of the commanders of the South-Eastern Front of the Kyrgyz Republic looked like. Armies in 1918-1920
In November 1919, the commander of the South-Eastern Front of the Red Army, V.I. Shorin, issued order No. 213, which approved the distinctive sleeve insignia of Kalmyk formations using a swastika. The swastika in the order is denoted by the word “lyngtn”, that is, the Buddhist “Lungta”, meaning “whirlwind”, “vital energy”.
Order to the troops of the South-Eastern Front #213
Gor. Saratov November 3, 1919
The distinctive sleeve insignia of the Kalmyk formations is approved, according to the attached drawing and description.
The right to wear is assigned to all command personnel and Red Army soldiers of existing and newly formed Kalmyk units, in accordance with the instructions of the order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic. for #116.
Front Commander Shorin
Member of the Revolutionary Military Council Trifonov
Wreed. Chief of Staff of the General Staff Pugachev
Appendix to the order to the troops of the South-Eastern Front p. #213
Description
A rhombus measuring 15 x 11 centimeters made of red cloth. In the upper corner there is a five-pointed star, in the center there is a wreath, in the middle of which there is a “lyngtn” with the inscription “R. S.F.S.R.” The diameter of the star is 15 mm, the wreath is 6 cm, the size “lyungtn” is 27 mm, the letter is 6 mm.
The badge for command and administrative personnel is embroidered in gold and silver and for the Red Army soldiers is stenciled.
The star, “lyungtn” and the ribbon of the wreath are embroidered in gold (for Red Army soldiers - with yellow paint), the wreath itself and the inscription are embroidered in silver (for Red Army soldiers - with white paint).
In Russia, the swastika first appeared in official symbols in 1917 - it was then, on April 24, that the Provisional Government issued a decree on the issue of new banknotes in denominations of 250 and 1000 rubles.1 The peculiarity of these bills was that they had an image of a swastika. Here is a description of the front side of the 1000-ruble banknote, given in paragraph No. 128 of the Senate resolution of June 6, 1917: “The main grid pattern consists of two large oval guilloche rosettes - right and left... In the center of each of both large rosettes there is a geometric pattern formed crosswise intersecting wide stripes, bent at right angles, at one end to the right, and at the other to the left... The intermediate background between both large rosettes is filled with a guilloche pattern, and the center of this background is occupied by a geometric ornament of the same pattern as in both rosettes, but larger.”2 Unlike the 1000-ruble banknote, the 250-ruble banknote had only one swastika - in the center behind the eagle.
From the banknotes of the Provisional Government, the swastika migrated to the first Soviet banknotes. True, in this case this was caused by production necessity, and not ideological considerations: the Bolsheviks, who were preoccupied with issuing their own money in 1918, simply took ready-made cliches of new banknotes (5,000 and 10,000 rubles), created by order of the Provisional Government, which were being prepared for released in 1918. Kerensky and his comrades were unable to print these banknotes due to known circumstances, but the leadership of the RSFSR found the clichés useful. Thus, swastikas were present on Soviet banknotes of 5,000 and 10,000 rubles. These banknotes were in circulation until 1922.
Swastika in military symbols USA used in the First World War: it was applied to the fuselages of aircraft of the famous American Lafayette squadron.
The swastika was also depicted on the Boeing P-12, which was in service with the American Air Force from 1929 to 1941. The squadron's insignia was an Indian head painted on the fuselage. In America, the swastika has long been perceived as a typical Indian symbol.
In addition, the swastika was depicted on the chevron of the 45th Infantry Division of the US Army, which it wore from 1923 to 1939
Finland in the context of our story, it is interesting because today it is, perhaps, the only state in the EU V whose official symbolism includes a swastika. It first appeared there in 1918, the year the Swedish Baron von Rosen gave the Finnish White Guard a Morane-Saulnier Type D aircraft, which, in fact, marked the beginning of the existence of the Finnish Air Force.9 The plane featured a blue swastika - the baron’s coat of arms. Therefore, it became the symbol of the new military aviation. The swastika on the flag of the Finnish Air Force is still present today.
