The first model of Zhiguli. History AvtoVAZ with a detailed description of models (a lot of text)

VAZ 2114 - Lady Lada-loved by many cars, which is part of the SAMARA-2 family. The history of VAZ 2114 began when the public saw the first models in 2001, then 50 trial instances were released. The full-scale production of VAZ 2114 started in April 2003, and the last release of VAZ 2114 was recorded on December 23, 2013.

The fourteenth model came to replace the well-known VAZ 2109, called "nine", she lasted on the conveyor long seventeen years since 1987 and until 2004, but before 2011 was going to Ukraine from the sets of kits. There is little from it in the appearance of restyled VAZ 2114.

Change cars in comparison with the predecessor

At the updated model, not only the outer part of the car radically changed, but also noticeably updated the salon.

External differences from the predecessor:

Bumper. The bumper became higher and received a color in the body color, like a foreign car, until it could boast 10, 11 and 12 models.
Lights. The headlights have become less and more rounded, and the optics itself at that time was quite modern.
Rear spoiler. Some configurations came across the plant with a small spoiler that does not differ from the machine.
Radiator cladding and hood. The hood also distinguished from his angular predecessor with round shapes, which did the design of 2114 sufficiently fresh.
Wings. In the wings there were rosters for turn signals and, in general, they became more profitable to integrate into the overall look of the car.
Threshold fairing. The thresholds began to close the plastic lining and painted in the same color as the body.
Moldings. Moldings go through the door and in turn painted in the color of the car body.

All this made a VAZ 2114 quite attractive and modern that the success promised in the coupe with a low price. Changes, by the way, did not touch the back of the car, although initially engineers planned to change the appearance of the rear lights. From the idea refused due to unreasonable increase in production costs.

Looking into the salon, you can detect updated:

Torpider.. The new torpedo was performed on European standards and lost the second glove box in the suite of the suite. Plastic has become less creaky than nine.
Dashboard. Though not new, as the 2110 instrument panel already standing on the VAZ 2110, moved here, in contrast to the old one had a more modern appearance.
Steering wheel and steering column. The fourteenth model was equipped with a new one, at that time, the steering wheel from the VAZ 2110, and a handle appeared on the steering column to adjust it.
Fastening seat belts found top points.

Sitting in the restyled salon was much more pleasant and more comfortable, besides there were many pleasant addictions, such as:

electric drive on windows;
heated seats;
air conditioning;
fog lights;
central locking door;
regular onboard computer;
alloy wheels and toning.

The configuration was only two: basic and suite. They differed not as much as the price and equipment. The luxury was plastic cover on the engine for the decor, a plastic receiver and a regular on-board computer.

In addition, engineers took care of the Upgrade of the clutch system, gearboxes, suspension, brake system and in general on technical equipment.

On the VAZ 2114, 4 types of engines were installed in the entire production history:

Having a volume of 1.5 liters, the power of which was 77 horsepower, since 2003 to 2007.
From 2007 to the moment when the VAZ 2114 ceased to produce, two versions of the engine of the same volume 1.6, with a capacity of 81 and 90 hp
In 2010, a model began with updated engines of the same volume, but it has already had a power up to 98-L.S.

Price VAZ-2114 and the end of production

The last car came down from the conveyor in 2013, they were sold at about 300 thousand rubles. Now it is still possible to find cars with about zero mileage for a comparable price.

The last VAZ 2114, descended from the conveyor, was white.

In total, in the entire history of VAZ 2114 from the door of the plant left 929,930 fourteenth five-door hatchbacks. For replacement, Lada Grant came to him.

"Lada is the key to the roads of Russia"- This is exactly what the motto of AvtoVAZ sounds.
OJSC AvtoVAZ is the largest Russian company in the field of automotive industry. Also, this company is the largest manufacturer of passenger car transport in Eastern Europe. Relatively recently, the controlling stake in this company passed into the hands of the Renault-Nissan Alliance, which gave a new round of development AvtoVAZ.

To date, the official name of the company sounds like an open joint-stock company AvtoVAZ, but it was not always. In the period from 1966 to 1971, the company was called the Volga Automotive Plant, and since 1971, before joining the Renault-Nissan Alliance, the Volga Association for the Production of AvtoVAZ passenger cars was called.

In addition to changing the names, saturated with many other interesting events. The most interesting of them were issues and closing the production of cars. Within the framework of this article, we will consider the year of the production of VAZ models that have been developed and manufactured both both the company and in partnership with other automotive manufacturers.

Model row and years of production of each car

Over the years of its work under different names, AvtoVAZ managed to release several dozen car models. Below you will find the year of release of VAZ models that have ever gone from the conveyor of this plant.
1. Zhiguli 2101.. These cars were produced from 1970 to 1988.

2. Zhiguli 2102.. These cars were produced from 1972 to 1985.

3. Zhiguli 2103.. These cars were produced in 1972 to 1984.

4. Zhiguli / Lada 2104. These cars were produced from 1984 to 2012.

5. Zhiguli / Lada 2015. These cars were produced from 1980 to 2010.

6. Zhiguli 2106.. These cars were produced from 1976 to 2004.

7. Zhiguli / Lada 2107. These cars were produced from 1982 to 2012.

8. Lada satellite / Samara I 2108. These cars were produced from 1984 to 2003.

9. Lada Satellite / Samara I 2109. These cars were produced from 1987 to 2004.

10. Lada Satellite / Samara I 21099. These cars were produced from 1990 to 2004.

11. Lada 110.. These cars were produced from 1996 to 2007.

12. Lada 111.. These cars were produced from 1998 to 2009.

13. Lada 112.. These cars were produced from 1999 to 2008.

14. Lada Samara II 2113. These cars were produced from 2005 to 2014.

15. Lada Samara II 2114. These cars were produced from 2001 to 2014.

16. Lada Samara II 2115. These cars were produced from 1997 to 2012.

17. Oka 1111.. These cars were produced from 1988 to 1994.

18. Lada Kalina I 1117. These cars were produced from 2007 to 2013.

19. Lada Kalina I 1118. These cars were produced from 2004 to 2012.

20. Lada Kalina I 1119. These cars were produced from 2006 to 2013.

21. Lada Kalina I 11198. These cars were produced from 2008 to 2013.

22. Lada El Lada.

23. Lada Kalina II 2194. These cars are produced since 2013.

24. Lada Kalina II 2192. These cars are produced in 2013.

25. Lada Priora 2170.. The year of release of the models of VAZ Priora is starting from 2007.

26. Lada Priora 2171.

27. Lada Priora 2172.. These cars are produced since 2008.

28. Lada Priora 21728.. These cars are produced since 2010.

29. Lada Priora 21708.. These cars are manufactured since 2009.

30. Lada Nadezhda 2120.. These cars were produced from 1998 to 2007.

31. Zhiguli / Lada Niva 2121. These cars are produced since 1977.

32. Zhiguli / Lada Niva 2131. These cars are issued since 1993.

33. Zhiguli / Lada Niva II 2123. These cars were produced from 1998 to 2002.

34. Chevrolet Niva.. These cars are manufactured since 2002.

35. Lada Grant 2190.

36. Lada Grant Hatchback. These cars are manufactured since 2014.

37. Lada Largus.. These cars are produced since 2011.

History AvtoVAZ

For the first time, that in the USSR it is necessary to build a new modern automotive plant spoke in 1966, this year the history of AvtoVAZ began. At the next congress of the Central Committee of the CPSU, which took place on July 20, it was approved that a new production facility will be built in Togliatti, which will produce the most modern cars. So that these machines are competitive in the global market, to technical equipment and training personnel, the Soviet government decided to connect the Italian car concern "Fiat" friendly in those years.

The new plant began its functioning in 1969, it was then its first labor brigades were formed. The first cars went off the conveyor a year later. These were cars that were constructed on the basis of the Italian car FIAT-124. Below, we will tell you more about this and many other cars that ever went from the AvtoVAZ conveyor.

VAZ 2101.

This is a four-door sedan, which we have already spoken above, was built on the basis of Fiat 124. For adaptation to Soviet roads, the car has undergone more than 800 changes. So, he yuil is equipped with a more voluminous carburetor engine - 1200 cubic centimeters, plus to this, the car received a higher clearance, as well as its body and the wheel system were reinforced.

A little later, on the basis of this car, the so-called series of classic cars was released: VAZ 21011, which received an even more voluminous engine - 1.3 liters, 21013 - analogue 21011, but with an engine from the VAZ 2101, as well as a special model for police needs: Car VAZ 2101-34, which was equipped with the most powerful engine in this family.

VAZ 2102.

The history of AvtoVAZ and his cooperation with the Italian concern Fiat did not stop at the VAZ 2101 models, just a year after the emergence of this car on the market, a new car appeared: who was a licensed version of Fiat 124 Familiare.

The main refinement, compared with the VAZ 2101, was the trunk, which was at the floor level. This was done in order to facilitate loading and unloading procedures. Unfortunately, because of this refinement, the car has a serious minus: a weak level of sealing of the cabin on the side of the rear door, because of which dust fell into the salon, as well as pairs, which came out of the neck of the gas tank.

Another problem of refinement was the increased mass of the machine, which required shock absorbers and suspension more rigid. It certainly allowed to maintain an acceptable load capacity: up to 250 kilograms with 2 passengers and up to 55 kilograms with five passengers, but made the car very tough when driving.

In 1978, a special model was issued: VAZ 21021, which was intended for export. Changes have undergone the engine that was taken from the VAZ 21011 model, as well as the rear luggage glass, which was equipped with a wedge and janitor.

Later, for five years, the car was constantly upgraded, but did not change the names. It was installed in it a more reliable ignition system, an even more powerful engine, and other, less significant adjustments were made, but all this could no longer save the car and in 1985 it was removed from production.

VAZ 2103.

The car VAZ 2103 is a modified version of the VAZ 2101, which was based on the same Fiat 124. It appeared on the market in 1972. The main differences were the more powerful engine: 72 horsepower, and a more spacious lounge: the space above the head of passengers and the driver was increased by 15 millimeters. Also, it should be noted that the VAZ 2103 became the first domestic car, which was installed by a vacuum amplifier of the brake system, as well as the "sports" panel.

In 1980, this car was equipped with a new carburetor who made VAZ 2103 more reliable, but the same as in the case of VAZ 2102, the innovation did not save the model. In 1984, she was removed from production.

VAZ 2104.

From the car VAZ 2104, the history of AvtoVAZ began, as the official car manufacturer in the body of the station wagon. This car was released on the replacement of VAZ 2102 and was designed to imagine all the best from this car, but in the past all the identified disadvantages. For the first time, this car was released in 1984 and was released until 2012. For this huge life for the car, a lot of modifications of this car appeared on the market:

VAZ 21041 is a special, cheaper version, with a smaller engine.

VAZ 21042 - This modification was released specifically for real-sided movements.

VAZ 21043 - updated, more modern salon and a new five-speed gearbox.

VAZ 21044 - updated, more voluminous engine - 1700 cubic centimeters.

VAZ 21045 - updated, more voluminous engine - 1800 cubic semi-mothers.

VAZ 21045D is an analogue of VAZ 21044, but with a diesel engine.

VAZ 21047 - export variant of this model.

VAZ 21048 - analogue of VAZ 21045, but with a diesel engine.

VAZ 21041 is the first and only modification of this car with an injection engine, which had a volume of 1.7 liters.

VAZ 2105

The car VAZ 2105 was the basis of the export line of AvtoVAZ cars. His design was built on the fashion of the 80s, but also in his native country, he was rapid popularity. During the entire release of this car, it, like many other machines of that time, has undergone a lot of changes, which became all new and new modifications, but by and large, there was only one who passed in the early 2000s when VAZ 2105 began to install injection engines.

Another interesting fact about this car, which is worth mentioning has become the fact that the VAZ 2105 is the first car in the history of AvtoVAZ, which began to have a complete set, and not released in the version alone.

VAZ 2106.

The car is a more modern version of the VAZ 2103. He had a more pleasant design for those years, as well as a more powerful engine that was comparable to the engines that were installed in the late versions of VAZ 2103.

Like the previous AvtoVAZ models, the "six" received many modifications for their lives, but really interesting was the VAZ 21067, when the plant first released a car that matched environmental European standards. At that time it was the Euro Standard 2.

VAZ 2107.

This car was the first car AvtoVAZ, which worked on gasoline above AI-76. Another interesting point was the fact that for the first time for the machine at the plant turned the special services. For them, a special modification of VAZ 21079 was released, which was equipped with an engine in 140 horsepower.

And of course, it is impossible not to mention the fact that is the first vazovsky car, which was installed by the monovriptic system, albeit for export modification.

VAZ 2108.

Car VAZ 2108 is the first car in the history of AvtoVAZ with front-wheel drive. Initially, the car had a bunch of flaws (many bind it with an unusual for designers to the body: three-door hatchback) because of what was more popular on the market, but after a couple of years, most of them were fixed, consumers presented three configurations: "Standard", "Norma" and "Suite", as well as equipped the car with a more powerful engine, which breathed a new life into the car, which lasted until 2003.

VAZ 2109.

Car VAZ 2109 - five-door hatchback with front-wheel drive. AvtoVase has been produced since 1987 to 2004, and after, with a more voluminous engine of 1.6 liters, continued to be issued in Ukraine for the domestic market.
Like the other car AvtoVAZ, a variety of modifications of this car were produced, but no critical changes did not occur, even the shift of the carburetor engine injector, became typical for its time.

VAZ 21099.

The car is the same VAZ 2109, but with an increased 200 millimeter rear breath. Even the modifications of these cars were similar. The only serious difference was a more thoughtful and actual security system of VAZ 21099, which was the best among domestic cars of that time.

VAZ 2110.

The car was a guide and the general public five times. The first four times he did not get approval, as it looked either faceless, or strongly reminded the cars of other manufacturers, which would make it difficult to enter foreign markets. Only after in 1988, specialists from Porsche were attracted to the design of design in 1988, designers managed to create a car, which still entered production and replaced the VAZ 2106 line, which by that time morally outdated.

Over the years of its existence, this car has undergone major changes in the engine and exhaust system. It was due to the fact that it was well sold for export, but it was necessary to strictly observe the environmental standards frequently changing in those years. Thus, "dozens", which corresponded to Euro 2, and Euro 3, and even Euro 4 were issued.

VAZ 2111.

This is a family wagon that was released to the market for consistent substitution of VAZ 2104, but could not really achieve the desired result. At the same time, under the export name LADA 111, he rave considerable popularity among foreign buyers. The whole thing was in a very large trunk, which, depending on the position of the rear seats, had a volume from 490 to 1420 liters.

Like other cars who know the history of AvtoVAZ, he passed a long life path, during which more than a dozen modifications of VAZ 2111 were released.

VAZ 2113.

Car VAZ 2113, became a continuer of the lineup of small car AvtoVAZ with front-wheel drive in the body of a three-door hatchback. The decision to resume the production of such cars was taken under pressure from consumers who wanted to see an analogue of VAZ 2108 on the market.

The car was equipped with an engine with a volume of 1.5 liters, and it immediately corresponded to the Euro 2 standard, and later, it was improved and began to meet the standard of Euro 3.

VAZ 2114.

Car VAZ 2114 is a solution that has been made immediately, after delivery to the VAZ 2113 car conveyor. In fact, VAZ 2114 replaced the market very popular cars in the market 209.

Surprisingly many fans of AvtoVAZ, this car over the years has received only one modification and then the difference from the basic version was only in the larger engine.

VAZ 2115.

The car VAZ 2115 is a four-door sedan with a front-wheel drive, which was launched into production, as the heir to the market formerly a very popular VAZ 21099 car.
The designers released two modifications, but unlike the previous years, they did not change the name of the car, as well as, instead of strengthening the engine, experimented with the installation of smaller engines. So, they first tried to put a 1.1 liter motor, and when the idea failed - 1.3 liters, but this option was not gained popularity and the plant was forced to return to the original engine with a volume of 1.5 liters.

VAZ 2112.

VAZ 2112 car is, in fact, VAZ 2110 in the hatchback body. The car was very popular at one time due to attractive appearance, as well as a low price. These same factors made it export modification of LADA 112 popular and in the overseas market.

After the success of the five-door version, a three-door VAZ 2112 Coupe was released, but it did not become popular, which is most likely due to the fact that lovers of three-door domestic cars have already got used to VAZ 2108 and VAZ 2113.

Lada Kalina.

The car went on sale in 2006. A car was produced in the body of the sedan and in the body of the hatchback, and a little later appeared the body wagon. In 2007, the car was finalized, it began to comply with the Euro 3 standard, and also became more economical.

For the first time in the history of AvtoVAZ, the plant designers have developed a special version of the car - Lada Kalina GTI, which was intended for fans of high-speed and dynamic ride. The car was a significant maneuvering basic model, and also possessed the best dynamics, but it clearly did not reach the GTI class of other manufacturers.

Lada Priora.

The car is currently one of the most popular cars in the AvtoVAZ family. For the first time, the story AvtoVAZ received a car, which even picky car magazines called good for their time.

This car is available in sedan bodies, wagon, three-door hatchback and five-door hatchback.

VAZ 2121 and VAZ 2131 Niva

Cars series are the only SUVs that are produced by AvtoVAZ independently. They are popular both among the domestic consumer and among foreign buyers. Undoubtedly, in this car, a minimum of comfort, but, it shows excellent performance indicators, and in a set with a low price, it becomes at all the only representative of the segment of truly budget SUVs.

The difference between the VAZ 2121 and the VAZ 2131 lies in the fact that the first car is three-door, and the second is five-door.

Chevrolet Niva.

CHEVROLET NIVA is a modified VAZ 2131, which is assembled in a more modern body and adapted to urban conditions. This car is more comfortable, rather than a classic Niva, but less pass.

Lada Granta.

The car is a car that is built on a platform very popular in our country Renault Logan car. This car is the most budget amount of cars produced by AvtoVAZ and is, almost the most popular model in AvtoVAZ history.

Lada Largus

The car is a car that has become the replacement of the once produced VAZ 2102, later - VAZ 2104, and even later - VAZ 2111. But unlike the former universal, this car received a family seven-letter modification, as well as the "van" modification, which was developed specifically for Commercial segment.

By the beginning of the sixties, "Cossacks", "Muscovites", "Volga" and "Victory", Korozhevi and Victory. However, a huge developing country lacked passenger cars. Cars were almost impossible to buy - they were distributed only by lists in enterprises. Therefore, in July 1966, the Central Committee of the CPSU decided to build a new automobile plant. He should be the biggest automaker in the country to meet the need of a Soviet citizen in a personal car. So began the history of the Volga auto plant. The plant was built in record deadlines. It took only three years from the allotted six. Production equipment for a vase was manufactured at 844 TsSR plants, 900 factories of other socialist countries, as well as in Europe and in the United States.

History of creation

To build a new modern car facility in Togliatti instructed the friendly to the Italians to the friendly Soviet Union. The contract signed by the Ministry of Automotive Industry of the USSR with Fiat concern in August 1966, implied not only the construction of the enterprise of the full cycle, but also to equip it with equipment, as well as staff training. New production ordered VAZ - Volzhsky Automotive Plant. To call it by analogy with other plants of the country, for example, Gorky and Ulyanovsky, did not allow the considerations of political correctness and rules of naming: there would be inappropriate jokes would not be avoided.

The emblem for VAZ models should have come up with Soviet designers. The idea is placed on the Freaker's icon, like the sketch of the future logo itself, owns the employee of the capital leadership of the plant Alexander Decklenkov. Machine emblems for cars commissioned Italians. With this, by the way, the Casus was connected. The first three dozen logos were released with an error with a mistake - instead of the letter "I" in the word "Togliatti", the Italians wrote "R". The curiosity cost without scandals - the defective logos were urgently replaced.

Ups and downs

From the first days of work, the Volga Autohyda has not experienced problems. The demand for cars was such that sales were limited only by production volumes. After about a year of work, the plant released 100,000 "kopecks", and after two and a half years, a million "VAZ" came up from the conveyor.

In 1973, Kopeika began to supply abroad. Then the "export" brand "Lada" appeared. As it turned out, the name "Zhiguli", which was worn by all cars of the VAZ, the French were consonant with the word "Gigolo", that is, "a man dancing for money." Therefore, I had to rename export "Zhiguli" in Lada. Subsequently, marked lads of steel and cars for the domestic market, subsequently, forbidden the name "Zhiguli".

With the arrival of the nineties and the collapse of the USSR, the plant collided with an unprecedented concept - "Competition". Against the background of criminal wars for control over the vase that took hundreds of human lives, a stream of used foreign cars was hung to the country. Decades of existence without competition slowed down the development of attribute, and Vase cars are hopelessly behind foreign. The interest in "Zhigulm" among Russians was lost, and the plant had to reduce the volume of car production. The state tried to solve the problem, enhancing customs duties on the import of used foreign cars, but it did not help.

After many years of finding out of the crisis position, it was found in collaboration with Renault-Nissan. In 2008, the Alliance became the owner of 25% of AvtoVAZ shares. In the same year, AvtoVAZ acquired a new main designer - Steve Mattina. Before he occupied similar positions in Mercedes and Volvo.

From "classics" to modern

The first car that came out in the 1970s from the Vase conveyor was slightly recycled Fiat. It was a Fiat 124 sedan adapted for Soviet operating conditions. The model received an increased from 110 to 175 mm clearance, enhanced suspension and brakes, as well as the designation of the VAZ 2101, for which it was nicknamed "a penny". It was the symbol of the Soviet automotive era and the source of a whole family of rear-wheel drive sedans and universal - "Classics". "Kopeika" experienced not one reincarnation in the subsequent models of AvtoVAZ. One of the heiress "Kopeika", VAZ 2104, removed from production only in 2012.

Following the "kopeck" in 1971, the VAZ 2102 was launched into production. Then "Troika" of VAZ 2103 - "Luxury" model of the Vase appeared. In essence, it was a thoroughly reworked "penny". Four headlights, chrome, silent instrument panel. She came to change VAZ 2106, who entered the story as the best-selling model of a car giant. For 30 years of life on the conveyor, 4.3 million "six" were implemented. After a serious restyling "Kopeika", VAZ 2105 appeared, VAZ 2107 and VAZ 2104. Cars received rectangular headlights, an updated salon and upgraded motors. Currently, Troika is extremely popular with the lovers of antiquity, and "Six" - in taxi drivers from warm countries.

By the end of the seventies, the auto giant began to produce the first model of increased traffic vase 2121 "Niva" (since 2006 - LADA 4x4). In its design, elements of the design and details from the "six" were widely used, and the salon was taken almost unchanged at all. VAZ 2121 was the only AvtoVAZ's own development and the world's first crossover.

Absolutely new generation of cars ("satellite") appeared at the vase only in the mid-80s. For the index 2108, it was called "eight", and for the wedge-shaped formation - "chisel". New engine, gearbox, aerodynamics, power body structure, front-wheel drive, MacPherson suspension and much more - the result of close cooperation of Togliatti with Porsche and FIATA unit (UTS). As part of this partnership, work was carried out to create the "eight" on all fronts except design. His Germans were not entrussed. Later, the production of "eights" with bodies of five-door hatchback and sedan went to production. The latter in parallel with the VAZ 2108 were preparing tolyattins themselves.

By the end of the eighties, the production of cheap micro "Oka" was launched on the vase. The ideas and technical solutions, Togliatti borrowed from Daihatsu Cuore of the 1980 sample. For 20 years, since 1988, "" AvtoVAZ first released, and then KAMAZ and CEAS.

At the beginning of the nineties in the model range of the plant appeared. Sedan, designed on the G8 chassis, received an original body and interior. He was followed by hatchback and wagon. After that, for almost 10 years, the plant did not try to put on the conveyor of the novelties.

In 2003, at a joint venture, GM-AvtoVAZ began to produce. The following year, Togliatti has established the production of a Calina compact family (sedan, hatchback and wagon). And in 2007, the Vaza released a deeply modernized "ten" -. At the end of 2011, it was replaced by Sedan Kalina, his depressive and intended modification, which was called grant. And in 2012, the station wagon built on the conveyor.

In the near future, the start of the production of several more models on the Renault-Nissan Alliance platform is scheduled. But the company assure that cars of their own AvtoVAZ development will be upgraded and the conveyor will not leave.

About 70% of the details of the new grant sedan got him from Kalina.

The developer "Niva" Peter Mikhailovich Proudov argues that the car was named after his children Natalia and Irina and children of the first chief designer Vaz Solovyov Vadim and Andrei.

VAZ 2121 "Niva" was the only Soviet model that was ever officially sold in Japan.

Initially, Togliatti wore the name Stavropol. However, on August 28, 1964, by decision of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, he was renamed in honor of the Secretary General of the Italian Communist Party Palmyir Togliatti, the deceased week earlier during the visit to the Artek children's camp.

In 1966, the city began the construction of the largest Volga Automobile Plant for the production of passenger cars in Russia. In parallel with the construction of the plant, the new residential area of \u200b\u200bTogliatti was erected

From Soviet times and at our days, Lada is a favorite tuning object. It all started with a brake fluid, splashing in round headlights of classic models, and lasts until now. For all the years, trends in tuning vazovsky cars have repeatedly changed.

In 1977, AvtoVAZ received the USSR State Prize in the field of art, literature and architecture.

For a long time, the rise on the back of the roof of the models 2108 and 2109 was considered "hydration" of Porsche specialists, because because of it the rear window was severely contaminated and the coefficient of aerodynamic resistance increased. Later it turned out that this "tail" is needed for greater stability of the car at speed.

In the summer of 2010, Prime Minister Vladimir Putin drove more than 300 km along the new Highway "Amur" from Khabarovsk to Chita behind the wheel of the bright yellow sedan Lada Kalina. Soon, this body color was renamed the "Sport" in Premier. By the way, during this trip for Putin's tuple, just in case have risked two more exactly the same spare viburnum. One of its move, and the second on the tow truck.

A year after the execution, the production of modern wheelchairs began at the factory.

The last representative of the domestic "classics" VAZ 2107 (or "seven" since 2006 and still produced in the Egyptian plant Lada-Egypt.

The first "penny" with a sequence number 0000001, released in 1970, 30 years old was in the hands of one owner in Samara. In 2000, the plant bought it for his museum. The hotel is kept in the neighborhood and a million VAZ 2103.

The chief designer AvtoVAZ Steve Matin until 2005 participated in the development of the appearance of the Mercedes A-Class, S-Class, M and GL class. After that, until 2009, it was involved in creating the design of models of Volvo S60, V60 and XC60.

The passenger has a drive to the rear axle, the body of the sedan type (four-door). This model is a continuation of the model range, which began with an equally famous "penny". The predecessor "Six" is a car VAZ 2103. If you compare them, you can find a lot of similarity. The first year of the Zhiguli "Sixters" and "Troika" even produced at the AvtoVAZ plant at the same time.

But in 1977 the story begins, who fully supplanted his predecessor both from the conveyor and from the market. The six was equipped with several types of engines: 1.6 liters (80 l. P.), 1.5 liters (74 l.), 1.3 l (64 liters p.). The history of the car has three decades, during this time a lot has changed in it, however, not all for the better.

The main thing - the appearance remained, which is exactly what motorists liked. At the end of 2001, a conveyor was completely closed on AvtoVAZ, which produced "six". He was converted to the release of more promising and modern "dozens". But to close the VAZ 2106 project, the leadership could not afford, therefore the model was produced on IL-Auto until 2006.

Differences VAZ 2106 from predecessors

The center of the Volga Automobile Plant Style in 1974 began to develop a new project, which originally wore name 21031. It is from here that the history of the famous car VAZ 2106 begins, which lasted 30 years. It just recently developed a modification of "penny", VAZ 21011, so decided not to fantasize the topic of the name. Among the requirements that were presented to the model were as follows:

reducing the number of parts covered with chrome;
improving optics with minimal changes in design.

Appearance is a classic of that time. Many fashionable black plastic in the exterior at that time. B. Antipin developed the design of the car, and V. Stepanov designed, which were subsequently applied on other models. If compared with the "Troika", then the "six" received the following changes in the appearance:

bumpers modified;
wheel caps became others;
facing the front of the car has improved significantly;
there are repeaters of turning pointers on the sides;
lattices for ventilation in the rear racks;
and most importantly, the emblem of the Zhiguli plant appeared.

The interior of the model also underwent changes:

the upholstery of the doors and armrests;
on the front seats, head restraints can be adjusted in a vertical plane;
alarms emerged in the management bodies;
on the right hand is a switch that allows you to control the windshield washer;
the dashboard lighting can be adjusted by brightness using a special rheostat;
the indicator that informs the reduction of the brake fluid level in the tank.

The classic of VAZ 2106 had in those years and a complete set of suite, which was different from the simple presence of a radio receiver, rear window heater and the rear fog lamp.

Engine and transmission

Especially for the new model, the engine 2103 was redone. 3 mm increased the diameter of each cylinder, and this gave an increase in a volume of almost 0.3 liters. As a result, the work volume became 1.6 liters. The torque increased by 12 percent, but was failed to achieve 80 liters. from. Everything rested into the design of the intake system, which specialists decided not to change. Therefore, the classic VAZ has a lot of interchangeable nodes, which simplifies the repair.

The History of the PPC is also interesting, since for the "six" a box was developed, which was a little later to be installed on the Niva SUVs. By analogy with the third model, the "six" decided to produce in two versions with smaller engine power. If you have a detailed view of the model, you can see that there are fasteners and holes under the pedals and the steering wheel from the passenger.

The model was produced for export to the country with left-sided movement. December 1975 is the beginning of the era of the "six", it was then that the first test car came down from the conveyor. After almost 3 months he stood on the flow, and by the end of 1976, it was VAZ 2106 that became a three-millionth car. So many cars "Zhiguli" was released by the factory for their short existence.

History of changes in model 2106 over the years of release

The entire history of the model has many changes in appearance and interior. True, all of them are very minor. Those who are interested in the restoration of the car VAZ 2106 to the initial species should take a look at the year of release. Only after that you can restore the machine. So, after 1980, all cars began to work on the "ozone" carburetors.

When the Troika was left from the conveyor, VAZ 2106 began to change moldings. Instead of chromium, plastic was used, there were no edging on the wheeled arches, which became familiar with the rear wings disappeared. Even the factory nameplate that originally had an attractive cherry background, changed sharply to black. Chrome gratings on ventilation holes were replaced by plastic.

By the end of the 80s. The car VAZ 2106 has already undergone a lot of changes, it was possible to buy a car that was somewhat worse than the functionality than the previously produced earlier. Instead of lanterns, cheap reflectors appeared in the doors. It is convenient, but not so beautiful.

The rear drum brakes came from the "five" in the VAZ 2106, and the wheels from the wheels were gone, like visors between the bumpers and the body to protect against dirt. In the early 90s, the parking brake pointer began to burn constantly, although before it squeezing the handler included the relay that makes the lamp flashing.

The car has simplified the car over its history and became cheaper in production. Even moldings tried to remove, although they were a kind of feature of the "six". However, they quickly returned to place. By the end of the 90s, the car VAZ 2106 was very transformed, most of the chromed parts disappeared, since they were very expensive in production.

Safety belts began to use only inertial, and the steering wheel took from more modern modifications of the car VAZ 2105. Even the power windows could be available at will: from the factory they will be installed. In 2000, the history of the model continued on the IL car. It was during these years that the last for the "six", absolutely all parts made of chromium were abolished: the grille and rim on the rear lights. Prices for cars continued their growth, although the quality of the car became noticeably worse.

The idea of \u200b\u200bbuilding an unprecedented large-scale automotive plant was born at the very top. Its initiator was Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR A.N. Kosygin, who supported Brezhnev himself. The country grew the number of money not secured by goods, and the mass car could become the necessary chopstick: the citizens would be willing their accumulations for him. In addition, modern, who has the demand abroad, the car was supposed to fix the export positions of the country, which bought more for the currency than sold.

The search for partners led without unnecessary publicity. Even KGB, in particular L. Kolosov, Izvestia correspondent in Italy, were attracted to this activity, and a part-time of an employee of the All-Fusion Committee. The choice fell on the concern Fiat - he suggested the most favorable conditions. In Italy, with its traditionally strong left movement at that time, a universal strike was going on, and the contract with the Council helped to correct the financial position of the concern. In the USSR, we took into account, of course, the fact that in 1966 Fiat-124 became a car of the year in Europe.

The General Agreement was signed on August 8 of the same year in Moscow. Signatures under the documents left the head of Fiat Vittorio Valletta and the Minister of Automotive Industry of the USSR A.M. Tarasov. The plant decided to build on the banks of the Volga (the presence of the river solved many transport problems), in the young city of Tolyatti. Previously, there was partially flooded after the construction of the stepder Stavropol-on-Volga - but the city during autohydrote was built almost anew. One of the reasons for the choice of the site was just the presence of powerful construction organizations.

Soon in the USSR, several Fiat-124 cars were brought, which went to comprehensive tests. They were drove throughout the country, from Crimea to Vorkuta, where they, of course, were delivered by rail. Works led and not until the end of the Dmitrovsky landfill. As a result, Fiat-124R began to be born (R means Russia), differing from the standard "Italian".

DESIGN

Externally, the VAZ-2101 was different from FIATA with only more massive fangs of bumpers, dried door handles and, of course, emblems. But on the stuffing, the Soviet car was largely different.

Fiat-124 and in the mid-1960 technical revelation was not. Classical layout, dependent suspension of rear wheels, four-stage gearbox - no better than most competitors. The engine with the lower arrangement of the camshaft was also in line with the tendencies familiar to the mass car. But the Motor VAZ-2101, although retained the working volume of the Fiatovsky engine, received a different intercentrose distance and the top camshaft in the head of the block - at this innovation, the Soviet delegation, visiting the Italian plants and noticed that Fiat was actively developing motors with the upper shafts.

This innovation will then eat greatly on the reputation of VAZ cars, when the camshafts become massively fail - the problem will be solved far from one year. In the meantime, the design of the gentle 124th is actively recycled under the stern Soviet life. The operating conditions of the machine were assumed to be rigid, so the diameter of the clutch disk linings increased from 182 to 220 mm, the transmission was reworked, changed the rear suspension, "Into" shock absorbers from springs to facilitate their subsequent replacement.

They refused disc brakes from behind, because on the roads of the Soviet depths they were strongly polluted and quickly wear out. By the way, later, Fiat on the descendants of the 124th returned to the rear drum brakes. Increased ball supports, springs, in many places - body. In the front bumper, a hole for a crown handle appeared (again refused from the VAZ-2105 again), and under both bumpers - towing eyes.

In the 1970s, VAZ-2101 and his followers were quite competitive even in the Western European market. After all, in principle, buyers received a well-known Fiat at a noticeable lower price - the dumping was the basis of the success of Soviet cars from the very first years of exports abroad. In Socialist countries, Zhiguli was generally a deficit - let's say, in the GDR to obtain a cherished car it was necessary to stand in line for more than ten years.

A lot of new products of automotive equipment in the USSR for the first time massively appeared on the "Zhiguli". Before the VAZ-2101, disc brakes were installed only on passenger zila. In 1972, VAZ-2103 was put a vacuum brake amplifier, tachometer, electric clock. In 1975, head restraints of the front seats appeared on the "six". In the 1980s on the VAZ-2105 - first "Zhiguli" with a fully new (except roof) bodies - engine with belt drive timing, block headlights combined with overall lamps and turn signs. Two years later, there was a VAZ-2107 with anatomical seats equipped with built-in head restraints.

In addition to the base motor, 1.2 l later released version 1.3; 1.5 and 1.6 l, differing in the diameter and piston stroke. In the 1980s, a five-speed gearbox appeared on the Zhiguli. VAZ is first in the USSR, albeit Melkossorino, began to produce modifications with monofry (VAZ-21073) and diesel (VAZ-21045).

But by the end of the second decade, the production of "Lada" on the background of classmates looked already aliens from the old era. Salon is cramped, the power of the motor is small, the brakes are weak. Carburetor engines did not correspond to tougher environmental standards. All this was aggravated by a decrease in the quality of components and assembly.

The last "Lada-2107" (the name "Zhiguli" quietly out of everybody), the production of which in Tolyatti was discontinued this summer (however, it, like VAZ-2104, will still collect in Izhevsk for a couple of years), retained the main features of distant ancestors . The main difference: injection motor with a capacity of 73 hp With 5300 rpm (the carburetor version developed 77 hp at 5600 rpm), corresponding to the norms of Euro-3. In all the rest, it was no longer the model, on the owners of which less successful citizens in early 1980s looked enviously sighing. During post-transfers upgrades and optimizations, it was gradually simplified by trifles and not only. In recent years, the differences between the fifth and seventh models have been reduced mainly only to external design.

Modifications, prototypes, rarity

In addition to the main models, we produced a variety of modifications with various combinations of engines and bodies. This diversity was explained primarily with the specific requirements of foreign markets, where the buyer demanded the proposals of various engines even in a budget class.

In addition, in small quantities produced VAZ-21073 with central fuel injection, machines with rotary motors (mainly for the militia and special services), VAZ-21045 with a 53-strong diesel engine. Automobiles were supplied to exports and with the right steering, which, due to changes in the ravings (technical curios!), The front right springs were strengthened.

The Canadian market demanded notable improvements - many remember the "six" with specially developed massive bumpers on gas-filled shock absorbers.

In the 1990s, the production of trucks based on VAZ-2105 began production (Vazinterservis ") (Vazinterservis), 2107 later; A curious combination of the "five" and its own "heel" on the basis of "ODY" was built by Izhevsk Automobile Plant.

Relatives abroad

In Italy, until 1974, Fiat-124 in different versions (including with a 70-strong Unex Motor, which was set to the version "124 Special" - an analogue of VAZ-2103), released more than 1.5 million copies. Until 1972, Fiat-125 was produced by a model, externally reminiscent of the 124th, but built on the platform of the old family of 1300/1500 with a spring rear suspension and an enlarged wheelbase. The last descendant of the family - Fiat-131, distantly similar to VAZ-2105, but with anterior suspension of MacPherson, built until 1984.

Under the brand name, Sem analogues of our "Zhiguli" produced in Spain. On the Pyrenees built about 900,000 models of 124 models and its further variety of 1430.

Approximately 1.5 million fiates of the model 125 made licenses in Poland. The release was continued until 1980. Alsole built "Polonaise", with which the 125th shared by many nodes.

The 124th version also produced in South Korea, Argentina, Bulgaria, India (Premier-118) and Turkey. In the latter, variations on the topic of the 131rs, different versions were called the names of Tofash-Murat, "Step", "Shahin", "Dogan", "Cartal". Built them until the mid-1990s.

Great Italian revolution

No exaggerations! "Zhiguli" really became a reason for serious transformations in the Soviet industry and all life.

At the stage of preparation of production at the main plant and the sediments had to change some Gosty. The former did not provide due accuracy and the quality of components required by Italian technology. The plants of the USSR have mastered modern nodes and aggregates. And the consumer received an unusual car.

Lada

Easy start, fast and efficient heating of the cabin. Cancelled dynamics and strong brakes. And, most importantly, reliability! Machines did not require constantly pulling, adjustments, lubricants. The first years of the life of the car was necessary, in essence, only to change the oil, sometimes produce simple preventive operations. This created a new type of owners. We increasingly become people, far from equipment that are not walking into a car and willingly trust his service and repair professionals.

Park of personal cars grew with an unprecedented speed for the country. And with him and problems. In the big cities there was a deficit of parking and garages (with the current, truth, not compare). Remember the "garage" of Eldar Ryazanov: what passions raged between those who wanted to get a house for by no means cheap, but still a scarce car. The comedian film is not so far from life, as it seems!

"Zhiguli" contributed to the development of a gas station network and a hundred. But the park growth still overtook the possibilities of the latter. Machines were eager, but did not go to the car cemeteries at all, as originally planned. The official service life of "Zhiguli" was seven years. But they were repaired by changing everything - from pendants and engines to wings and spars.

Of this demand for parts of the planned economy absolutely did not provide. And then the quality of components has become falling. Even far from technology, the owners concernedly repeatedly repeated the low-touch terms: silent blocks, rubber, liners, caps, camshaft. The latter became the favorite theme of the 1980s turn, when, as a result of rationalization of production, the part began to fail even on almost new cars.

Spare parts were becoming more lack of deficit, and acquaintance at the car service - the dream of hundreds of thousands of Soviet motorists, at least those who could not independently change, regulate, especially brew and paint.

Then, already in perestroika times, the shortage of spare parts began to compensate for the growing fastest of the co-operative fungi. But those details of many to this day are remembered with shudder. A new revolution began, in which the "Zhiguli" was not the main role yet ...

Sport and physical education

In the early 1970s, Zhiguli went out on the Rally and Ring Racing Rates. For VAZ-2101, a separate class was created with a working volume of 1.2 liters in the country, since the main sports car of those years "Moskvich-412" had a 1.5-liter engine.

Athletes on the "Zhiguli" were increasingly serious results. And in the 1975th S. Brundz and L. Shuvalov, the crew on the VAZ-2103, became the absolute champions of the USSR. From this time, the Vazovskaya "Classic" dominated domestic routes.

The first international success came to the "penny" already in 1971, when the Togliatti team won the Silver Cup on the rally "tour of Europe". Factory riders and in the personal standings were well made. The most striking achievements of the 1970s - the beginning of the 1980s are connected with the stages of the Cup of the Friendship of Socialist countries (alternative to capitalist championships). Racers on the "Zhiguli" repeatedly won cup rally and ring races.

In the mid-1970s, Vaza showed well and in the prestigious rally included in the European Championship. Anatoly and Galina Kozrikchikov became 15-mi in the absolute standings rally "1000 lakes" in 1975. A year later, S. Brundza and A. Girdauskas took the sixth place in the Abopolis rally in Absolute and the second in its class. It became the highest achievement of the "Lada" in the competitions of this level.

Not only our athletes performed on the Zhiguli, but also representatives of Socialistra, and even the "children of capitalism", mostly Scandinavians.

Racing versions of "Zhiguli" built both VAZ himself and various sports clubs. From foreign closers, the Czechoslovak Workshop "Metalloks" became famous for all.

The vertex of sports refinement "Classics" became "Lada-VFTS", created on the basis of the VAZ-2105 in Vilnius under the leadership of the repeated champion of the USSR Stasis Brunchy. Her motor developed 160 hp at 7000 rpm and 165 nm at 5500 rpm. On the machines were 4- or a 5-speed cam gearbox.

"Classic" went to the competition back in the 1990s, but in amateur rally appears now.

"Zhiguli" and "driving"

Undoubtedly, Mark VAZ beat all records in the number of references to SM in the entire history of the magazine. Already in 1968, the cover of the June issue decorated a photo of three pre-production machines. And in the fall, the editors announced the competition for the name of the new car. 54 849 letters came! What no names in them were! "Vorozhets" and "Katyusha", "Argamak", "Directive" and Vil-100 (if anyone forgot, in 1970, the country widely noted the century of V.I. Lenin). In the first five, they entered: "Volzhanka" (3989 letters), "Friendship" (2878), "Dream" (2806), "Zhiguli" (2220) and "Lada" (1752).

With the advent of "Zhiguli", they paid special attention to them in the journal. The readers were looking forward to the next report on the life of the editorial "penny" with the number "00-55 test". And in the permanent category "" we are going on "Zhiguli" in detail the design and receptions of service, gave advice on operation and driving to unprecedentedly dynamic cars for our car enthusiasts.

Each new model, modification and even upgraded node in detail, with diagrams, drawings and photographs were described by the magazine. Several models of "Zhiguli" after that first "penny" worked in "driving", winding tens of thousands of kilometers in Moscow and the region, in distant runs. For example, the "six" in 1977, along with Nivami, participated in the journey, repeated the route of the famous Karakum mileage of 1933.

At the end of the twentieth century, the magazine announced the competition "Russian century car". More than 80,000 (!) Readers expressed their opinion. Most recognized such a Vaza firstborn - model 2101, "penny". And completely fair!

However, on this the story of "Zhiguli" and their life on the pages of SR did not end. And it will not end until the interest in the most massive domestic automotive family will run out. And this will not come soon: according to the traffic police, for January 2011 in Russia, there are 6,800,000 cars of the Vazovsky "classic" family in Russia. And this ... a minute ... 20.8% of the number of the entire Russian fleet.

Line of life - "Zhiguli" in dates

The beginning of the construction of a VAZ plant, Fiat-124 tests in the USSR.

Million car - VAZ-2103.

Three-million car - VAZ-2106.

Four million car - VAZ-2106.

Five million car - VAZ-2101.

Sixmillion car - VAZ-2105. The end of the production of VAZ-2101. In total, 2,710,930 copies were manufactured.

1982

The end of the production of VAZ-2101, manufactured 2,710,930 copies.

Eight-month car - VAZ-2107. The end of the VAZ-2102 production. Made 666 989 copies.

The start of the production of VAZ-2106 in Syzran and Izhevsk. Readers of SS are called the VAZ-2101 Russian century car.

The end of the production of VAZ-2106 in Togliatti, manufactured 3,946,256 copies. The beginning of the production of diesel VAZ-21045.

Transferred production VAZ-21043 to Izhevsk. Togliatti made about 895,000 copies. The family receives a serial injection motor with a capacity of 73 hp

The end of the production of VAZ-2106 in Izhevsk.

The end of the production of VAZ-2105. About 2,090,000 copies are made.

The end of the production of VAZ-2107 in Tolyatti. Approximately 2,870,000 copies are made. The release was transferred to Izhevsk.

PEOPLE

In the past, the test engineer, the deputy head of the test department, head of the car compensation department, then the head of the road testing and conversion of the car. Now the pensioner, but it works - creates new techniques.

"In 1967, I worked as a test engineer on gas. At about the same time I learned about Fiat-124 and decided to switch to the VAZ under construction to work with this machine. The translation was not easy because some specialists from gas had already left, and more people did not want to give there.

I became a VAZ test engineer in 1968, when there was no single corps, even the auto plant did not exist, a clean field with several foundations. My first independent work in the winter of 1968-1969 is the organization and holding of comparative tests of Fiat-124 and the prototypes of the VAZ-2101, while also with insignificant differences from the "Italians".

We were based in the garage of the city executive committee, and our "test base" - in the nearby village of Timofeevka. Tens of cars We chased around the clock, in three shifts, on the Italian method of Stop and Go, imitating the life of a doctor: a short trip on the immentable engine and almost hour parking. At the weekend, the doctor left for 300-350 km, moving at a high speed at the time. Roads are icy, and summer tires, about spikes then did not dreamed.

Then they struck me amazing by that time the handling and stability of the car. I had the experience of driving at Muscovites of various models, the "victory", the 21st Volga and the prototypes of "twenty parts". I liked the dynamics and efficient brakes, despite the lack of an amplifier. She conquered a powerful heater and a good blowing glasses. At the time when the "Muscovites" went with frozen alkalisks in the windshield, rushing into warm clothes, we were fed behind the wheel in the jackets, and even in shirts.

The vase in the whole history had three key cars that giving life to entire families: VAZ-2101, "Niva", created on the nodes and units of the same "classics", and the front-wheel drive "eight".

I have a special attitude to the "classics". I consider it unique for that time a suggestion value for price / quality ratio. Buy "Zhiguli" was not easy even having money. Yes, and today, with a huge variety of choice, the "classic" is in demand. Well, in my personal life it is a sign car that determined my destiny. "

In the early 1970s, the head of the Technical Department of Mechanical Board. I left the factory "by age" (the expression "Pension" does not accept) in 1998. Now a private entrepreneur, supplies electrical components to the main conveyor of AvtoVAZ.

"In the summer of 1967, he arrived in Togliatti from gas. Dusty corn field, the larks are singing in the sky. On three top chants growing very close to the plant, which is not yet. We, young bosses (in the middle managers, they scored no older than thirty, for directors there was a limit - up to forty) not yet an existing enterprise, listen to Polyakova. Everything beautifully sets out. And suddenly: the first car should come off the conveyor to the 100th anniversary of Lenin! It remains less than three years, and there is still a single building ...

Fiat-124 I first saw in us. Nor give or take a cans. Ripok hurts for our roads. A little later, through our department, changes in engine, box, suspension, brakes and other units went through the engine.

The most significant change in the engine - the transfer of the camshaft up is made in the idea of \u200b\u200bthe main designer of Solovyov. How much because of this copies were broken! But more remembered the real battle between the fiatom and by us because of the sleeves, in which we, vazovtsy, took part. The Italians insisted that the cylinder block should be pig-iron, unregistered - "on the project". We demanded that the sleeves impose in it, assuming that the domestic "wrong" cast iron will be intensively wear out either to wear pistons and rings. Both sides stood to death. There was a threat to breakdown deadlines. Found the Poles: he did not accept a face of a face and decided to go in two ways parallel. Even purchased and mounted equipment for the production of sleeves. But this site remained unclaimed, since the metallurgists were able to find the "correct" cast iron for the block and the sleeve Motor did not need.