Festive prayer (Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha).

On the eve of the upcoming holiday of Kurban Bayram (Eid-ul-Adha), we invite readers to familiarize themselves with the material revealing the features of the holiday prayer (salat-ul-id or Eid-namaz), which is an important component of this day.

According to the madhhab of Imam Abu Hanifa

“Eid is a holiday named in honor of the fact that the mercies of Allah Almighty descend on His servants and that they return every year with joy.

Both "id-namazs were established in the Sharia in the first year of the Hijri. From Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) they say that when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) moved to Medina, the inhabitants of this city celebrated two days. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ) asked about this, he was told that during the days of Jahiliya they had fun on these days. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said that the Almighty gave them two days better than before - these are Eidul-Fitr (the holiday of breaking the fast) and Eidul-Adha (the holiday sacrifices).

Everyone who is obliged to perform Juma prayer must perform the Id prayer. The holiday prayer has the same conditions as the Friday prayer, i.e. two rak'ahs and a khutbah. For the Id prayer, the khutbah is read (sunnat) after the prayer. But on Friday it is necessary (fard) to read the khutbah before prayer.

The time for both holiday prayers comes when on this day the sun rises above the horizon by the size of a bayonet. This is the time for Zuha prayer to begin. In terms of time, it will be 30 minutes after sunrise. The period expires before the lunchtime prayer, i.e. to the zenith.

The order of performing "id-namaz"

The prayer begins with the words “assalatu jamia,” which literally means “come to the collective prayer.” Everyone stands in rows and makes the intention (imam and ma'mums) for the holiday prayer. The ma'mums echo the imam with the intention. After pronouncing the words “Allahu Akbar”, the ma’ums performing prayer behind the imam fold their hands on their stomachs. Read the dua “Sana” (“Subhanaka Allahuma tabaraka ismuka wa ta “ala jadduka wala ilaha gairuka”). Then the imam begins to recite takbir. They are also called added. These are three takbirs, not counting the takbir when entering prayer, with each of them they raise their hands, as if entering prayer, then lower them, but do not fold them. Each takbir is pronounced separately from each other three times, with an interval of time during which it can be pronounced "Allahu Akbar" or read “subhanallahi walhamdulillahi wa la ilaha illallahu wallahu akbar”. After reciting the third added takbir, the hands are folded on the stomach. The imam reads Surah al-Fatihah and preferably Surah A'la out loud, then performs ruku and judgment and stands for the second rak'ah. The imam reads Surah al-Fatiha, then preferably Surah al-Hashiya. After reading, they begin the takbirs, they are pronounced, as for the previous rak'ah, three times and the fourth takbir is for ruku. After salam, they remain seated and the imam reads both khutbahs. After this, he reads a sermon (about the sacrifice or the holiday of breaking the fast, respectively).

Tashrik is the name given to drying meat. Therefore, the 11th, 12th, 13th days of the month of Dhul-Hijjah, i.e. following Eid al-Adha, are called days of tashrik (ayamu tashrik). These days, after performing all farz prayers, men and women must read takbir. It is read before the afternoon prayer of the 13th day.

The order of reading takbir is as follows: “Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar, La ilaha illallahu wallahu akbar. Allahu akbar walillahil hamd". It is necessary to read once after each prayer, and to read three times is the sunnah.

Desirable actions on both days

On these days, everything that is desirable on Friday is desirable: take a bath, use siwak, perfume yourself with incense, put on the best clothes, go to prayer early. But there are also additional sunnat for the holiday: before going to the festive prayer of breaking the fast, it is advisable to eat something, preferably an odd number of dates. And before the Eid al-Adha prayer, it is advisable to postpone eating in order to eat from the sacrificial meat.

On the way to the mosque (for prayer) they read the takbir (on the day of breaking the fast - silently, on Kurban Bayram - out loud). It is advisable to go one way and return another. Distribute zakatul fitr before leaving for prayer. It is advisable to perform ziyarat at the cemetery after prayer and give out alms as much as possible.

Both holiday nights are spent in vigils, time is spent in worship of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), reading the Koran, performing namaz, remembering Allah.

It is advisable to perform both of these prayers in the field; it is condemned to perform them in mosques without a good reason.

Some solutions related to both holidays

If you were unable to perform a collective holiday prayer (behind the imam), you do not need to make up for it yourself. If the time for “id-namaz” has passed (i.e., the time for lunch prayer has come) and you did not have time for prayer, then it can be performed the next day. Eid prayer can be performed on three more subsequent days, if there is a reason for which he was transferred to.

The one who enters prayer after the imam, having read the takbirs, begins to read Surah al-Fatihah, will read the takbirs, following the imam, if he does not miss his hand. If he does not keep up with his hand, he Having entered the prayer, he will go to the ruku, and will read the takbirs there. If he enters the prayer after the imam rises from the ruku, he will restore what he missed after the imam completes the prayer.

It is disgraceful to perform sunnat prayers before or after Eid prayers. They can be performed upon arrival home. The khutbah begins with reading the takbir: the first - 9 times, the second - 7 times. On the days of tashriq, the takbir can be continued by adding: “...Allahu akbar kabiran walhamdulillahi kasiran wa subhanallahi bukratan wa asilya la ilaha illallahu wahdahu sadaka wa" dahu wa nassara "abdahu wa a" aza jundahu wa gazamal ahzaba wahdahu la ilaha illa Allahu wala na "will be il la iyyahu mukhlisina lahuddin wa lyav karihal kafirun. Allahumma salli "ala sayyidina Muhammadin wa "ala ali Muhammadin wa "ala ashabi Muhammadin wa "ala azwaji Muhammadin wa sallim taslima".

Zainula Gamzatov

According to the madhhab of Imam al-Shafi'i

The holiday prayer has two rak'ahs, and the intention to perform it is made as follows: “ I intend to perform the desired Eid prayer of two rak'ahs in the name of Allah (following the imam)».

After saying “Allahu Akbar” when entering prayer, it is advisable to read the prayer “Vajjahtu”, then it is advisable to raise your hands seven times as when entering prayer and say “Allahu Akbar”, and after six read the prayer . And after the seventh “Allahu Akbar” you should read Surah al-Fatihah. (If the collective prayer is read aloud by the imam first, and the mammums read it later). After Surah al-Fatiha, it is advisable to read Surah al-Kaf or Surah al-A'la.

In the second rakah, after saying “Allahu Akbar”, it is advisable to pronounce it in the above-mentioned way when standing up for the second rakah "Allahu Akbar" and say a prayer “Subhana Allah walhamdu lillahi wa la ilaha illallahu wallahu akbar” after four, and after the fifth, read Surah al-Fatiha. After Surah al-Fatiha, it is advisable to read Surah al-Qamar, or al-Gashiya.

If the prayer was a collective one, after it two khutbahs should be read with the same conditions that should be observed for the khutbahs of Friday prayer.

If a person cannot perform prayer in the above-mentioned way, he makes an intention for the holiday prayer and performs the usual desired prayer of two rak'ahs.

And since the Eid prayer occurs once a year, a Muslim should not neglect it, and if he missed it for a good reason, it is advisable for him to make up for it.

Akhmad Abdurashidov

The prayer that is performed on the occasion of the Festival of Breaking the Fast (Eid al-Fitr, Oraza Ait, Eid al-Fitr) and the Festival of Sacrifice (Eid al-Adha, Kurban Ait, Eid al-Fitr) has two main forms. Here we will look in more detail at the one that Russian-speaking Muslims most often encounter when they come to the mosque for this prayer - a festive prayer according to the Koran, Sunnah and other types of arguments in the understanding of the learned imam.

He who knows what the imam is going to do is not like the one who does not know. And perhaps this material will be useful to someone who himself will become an imam in prayer. In addition, the matter is not limited only to the prayer itself: before and after it there are other recommended actions that are useful to know about and that are worth trying to perform.

1. Legal status (hukm) of two holiday prayers.

Taking part in holiday prayer is obligatory () for those who meet seven conditions:

Male gender. Those. This obligation does not apply to women.
Freedom. Those. This duty does not apply to slaves.
Residence in the locality where this prayer is held. Those. This obligation does not apply to travelers.
No danger from criminals. Those. this duty does not apply to anyone who fears persecution by an unjust party.
Health. Those. This obligation does not apply to the sick and elderly, whose position is similar to that of a sick person.
Functionality of the legs. Those. This obligation does not apply to those who have lost the ability to walk.
Vision. Those. This obligation does not apply to a blind person.

To conduct the holiday prayer, four people are enough: the imam and three people praying behind him. Even if one of these three is a traveler or sick. But not a child who has not reached puberty, and not a woman. Their presence is not taken into account.

A person who has suffered from illness and a traveler can take the place of the imam in this prayer, although they are not required to attend it.

How and where to celebrate Eid al-Adha 2017 in Moscow?

About 200 thousand Muslims in Moscow and about 100 thousand in the Moscow region are preparing to celebrate the Eid al-Adha holiday. That is why the capital pays special attention to this holiday; as for the celebration program and the locations of morning prayers, we talk about this in the rrnews.ru material.

Kurban Bayram 2017 in Moscow: prayer times and places for prayers

The holiday begins, according to tradition, with complete washing of oneself and dressing in festive clothes. After this, Muslims go to morning prayer. Places for collective prayer - namaz will be open in all mosques.

The central platforms are as follows:

But it is worth noting that these mosques will not be able to accommodate everyone who wants to perform morning prayer. That is why additional Eid al-Adha tents will be opened in Moscow at the following addresses.

At these temporary sites, the prayer start time is 7:00. Duration is about an hour, i.e. The prayer will end around 8:00.

We inform motorists that in connection with this event, roads near mosques will be partially blocked.

Sites for sacrifice on Eid al-Adha 2017 in the Moscow region

Another traditional part of the holiday is sacrifice. The slaughter of sacrificial animals in 2017 will be carried out in 15 places in the Moscow region. There will be no such sites in Moscow itself or New Moscow. These sites will operate in the following cities and regions:

What time is the Eid prayer?

Important rules of Eid al-Adha. Read it yourself and be sure to pass it on to a friend!

Festive prayers performed during the holidays of Eid al-Adha and Kurban Bayram

Both prayers are wajib for those who must attend juma (the person must be a man, free - not in prison, not have illnesses or physical disabilities that prevent him from coming to the mosque, and not be a traveler).

Unlike the Friday prayer (juma), which is not considered valid without the recitation of the khutbah (a two-part sermon that is delivered before the prayer), the khutbah during holiday prayers is read after the prayer, so it does not apply to the conditions for the validity of the prayer. Without the khutbah, Eid prayer (holiday prayer) will be valid, but this is undesirable, just as undesirable as reading the khutbah before the holiday prayer.

As for the celebration Eid al-Fitr (Eid al-Fitr), for him mandub (preferably) 13 things (for the holiday Eid al-Adha- the same thing, with a small difference, see below):

1. Before going to prayer, it is advisable to eat something, it is good if it is dates in odd quantities (during the holiday of Kurban Bayram, on the contrary, it is advisable to eat after performing the festive prayer).

2. Take a complete ablution (ghusl).

3. Use miswak.

4. Use incense.

5. Wear your best clothes.

6. If a person has the obligation of sadaka-fitr, then pay it before prayer (applies only to the holiday of Eid al-Fitr).

7. Show your joy, go to the mosque in a good mood.

8. As far as possible, distribute during the Sadaqah holiday.

9. Get up early on the day of the holiday and come early to the place of prayer.

11. Then go to the place of holiday prayer on foot, saying the takbir to yourself (for the holiday of Kurban Bayram, on the contrary, it is good to say the takbir out loud).

12. Stop making takbir when you reach the place of prayer (according to one opinion). According to another opinion, takbir can be read before the holiday prayer begins.

13. Return home by a different route.

The start time of the holiday prayer: from the time the sun rises to the height of a spear or two spears and until the beginning of the time of zaval (when the sun from its zenith begins to lean towards the west).

The procedure for performing holiday prayer (this applies to both holidays, Uraza and Kurban Bayram):

The intention for the holiday prayer is made. The opening takbir is pronounced. The dua “Sana” is read.

Additionally, three takbirs are pronounced (the phrase “Allahu Akbar”), raising your hands each time.

Then “Auzubillah”, “Bismillah” are pronounced, Surah Fatiha and another Surah are read.

When one rises from sajd to the second rak'ah: pronounce "Bismillah", read al-Fatiha, the second sura - it is advisable to read sura al-Gashiya in the second rak'ah.

In the second rak'ah, before ruku' (bow), you must also say takbir three times, raising your hands each time.

After the prayer, the imam pronounces two khutbahs, in which he teaches believers the rules for paying fitr-sadaqa (accordingly, during the festive prayer of Kurban Bayram - the rules for performing kurban, sacrifice).

Anyone who misses the holiday prayer does not make up for it. If the prayer was missed for a valid reason, then it can be left for the next day.

Regarding the holiday Eid al-Adha (Eid al-Adha)): almost the same thing is done as for the holiday of Eid al-Fitr, with a small difference:

– It is not advisable to eat before prayer, as in the previous case, it is advisable to do this after prayer.

– On the way to the holiday prayer, it is advisable to pronounce the takbir loudly.

– During the khutbah, talk about the sacrifice (qurban) and its rules.

– During the khutbah, takbir tashrik is pronounced.

– If the holiday prayer was missed for a good reason, then it can be postponed for up to three days (because the holiday lasts three days, and not one day, as in the first case).

– It is wajib to pronounce tashriq takbir.

According to Abu Hanifa, it must be said starting from the morning prayer of the day of Arafat (the day before the holiday) until the Asr prayer of the day of the holiday, it is read immediately after each farz prayer, which is performed along with the jamaat. This is wajib for the imam who lives in the city (not a traveler) and for those who pray behind him, even if he is a traveler, a slave or a woman.

According to imams Abu Yusuf and Muhammad, this is obligatory to do after every fard prayer that a person has read, even if he is alone (not in the jamaat), even if he is a traveler. This is done before the time of Asr prayer on the fifth day after the day of Arafat.

The fatwa is given according to the second opinion.

The following phrase is called takbir tashrik: “Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar. La ilaha illallahu wa Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar wa lillahi l-hamd.”

Conditions for Friday prayer

Assalamu Aleikum, brothers! Write to me in detail how to perform juma (ruzman) namaz on Friday, what should be done and how, and so on. (brothers, don’t ignore this message, your opinion is really needed, since it’s difficult to find knowledgeable Hanafi brothers anywhere else) Rajab

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Rumi on love

When it comes to love poetry, the 13th century Persian poet Jalaluddin Rumi is second to none. Poems about love by a Sufi mystic for many centuries touch the heart and touch souls and do not lose their relevance, like love itself. Despite its brevity, Rumi's poems are distinguished by their special philosophy, this is a flight of brilliant thoughts. Reading Rumi's poems means learning great wisdom. We present to your attention a selection of the best sayings of the great poet about a great feeling.

What is the ruling for not performing prayer? Does a person who leaves prayer become an unbeliever?

In Surah At-Taubah, after it was ordered to punish the hypocrites on the spot, it is said: “...If they repent and begin to perform prayer and pay zakat, then release them, for Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” Also, regarding the unbelievers, the following is said: “He did not believe (in the Book and the Prophet) and did not perform prayer.” If you pay attention, in the verses after iman, prayer is mentioned as the first act that a believer is obliged to perform. There are many hadiths on this issue. Here are some of them.

Money in Islam

Every religion contains specific guidelines regarding luxury, hoarding, money and wealth. Islam distinguishes three components in a person: soul, mind and body. Accordingly, each component has its own needs. The mind needs knowledge and reflection, the soul needs faith in God, the body needs food, air, clothing. Working in Islam is not just a significant part of a person’s life, it is an obligation.

What stone was used to decorate the ring of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)?

According to the unanimous opinion of all the Ulama, it is permissible for men to wear a silver ring. Abdullah ibn Umar (radiyallahu anhu) said: “The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) purchased a silver ring. He wore this ring on his finger. This ring then passed to Abu Bakr, then to Umar, then to Osman. And during the time of Osman, this ring fell into the well of Eris. On this ring was written “Muhammadurrasulullah” (Muslim, Libas, 54).

“I just couldn’t hold back my tears when I prayed”

My name is Daniel Benicci. I converted to Islam eight years ago. I was born in Great Britain. I am now 26. One day a police inspector came to the mosque and said that he wanted the Muslim community to know about the vacancies in the police.

Which of the questions asked on Judgment Day will be the most difficult?

Each person, to the best of his ability, is responsible before Allah Almighty for observing all commands and prohibitions. A person's responsibility is limited to the limits of his capabilities. The one who, in addition to himself, is able to correct society, is responsible for its correction. If a person is not able to correct others, then in this case he is responsible for correcting himself.

Eid al-Adha (Eid al-Adha)

This holiday and the sacrifice performed during it, as well as the obligatory zakat tax and holiday prayers, became part of the religious practice of Muslims in the 2nd year of the Hijri.

Verses from the Koran about Kurban Bayram:

“Allah (God, Lord) made the Kaaba, the Sacred House, a support for people [support in acquiring earthly and eternal blessings]. And also the sacred months [Zul-qa'da, Zul-hija, al-Muharram and Rajab], and the sacrificial animal [whose meat is distributed to the poor and needy during the pilgrimage], and decorations [with which people marked these animals to distinguish them from ordinary]. [The Lord intended good in all this.] This is so that you understand: God knows everything that is in heaven and everything that is on Earth. He is knowledgeable about every thing” (Holy Quran, 5:97);

“We [says the Lord of the Worlds] made a sacrificial animal (camel and she-camel) [as well as a bull and a cow, each of which is slaughtered from seven people, unlike rams and sheep, which are from only one] a ritual, in it is good for you [worldly and eternal]. Mention the name of God over him [at slaughter]. [If you perform this process on camels] leave them standing on their feet [preferably on three legs]. And when [after the bulk of the blood has escaped] they fall [when it is obvious that the animal has given up its soul, you can begin to cut up the carcass], and with the resulting meat, feed yourself and feed the poor who does not ask [being content with what little is available], as well as the one who asks . Understand, We have subordinated them [livestock, and all animals] to serve you [for example, the same camels, despite their strength and power, are humble during a process that is fatal to them], so be grateful [for this to the Creator , who laid down certain laws and patterns in nature]” (Holy Quran, 22:36);

“Pray to your Lord [performing the holiday prayer] and sacrifice [an animal]” (Holy Quran, 108:2).

Some hadiths about Eid al-Adha:

“The best deed before the Almighty on the days of the festival of sacrifice is the bleeding of a sacrificial animal. Verily, this animal will come with its horns, hooves and hair on the Day of Judgment [a living witness to the perfect rite]. And his blood will be magnified before the Lord even before its drops have time to fall to the ground. May your souls be at peace" ;

“The Messenger of God sacrificed two horned rams. He pressed his feet against their side. Saying “Bismillahi, Allahu Akbar,” he sacrificed them with his hand.”

Exalting the Almighty during the holidays

During the holiday of Eid al-Fitr, it is desirable (sunnah) to exalt and praise the Almighty throughout all four holiday days after each obligatory prayer, especially if believers perform the next obligatory prayer together.

“Mention Allah (God, Lord) on certain (established) days [on the days of Eid al-Adha: 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the month of Dhul-Hijjah. Pay special attention to this act (praising the Creator after the obligatory prayers and prayers, and not only)” (see Holy Quran, 2:203).

The first prayer, after which the takbirs are said, is the morning prayer (Fajr) on the ninth day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah, that is, the day of ‘Arafah, and so on until the twenty-third prayer, that is, the afternoon prayer (‘Asr) of the fourth holiday. Exalting the Lord before the holiday prayer (on the way to the mosque or while waiting for prayer already in the mosque) is desirable both on Eid al-Adha and on Eid al-Adha. The most common form of praise is the following:

“Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar, laya ilahe illal-lah, wal-lahu akbar, Allahu akbar, wa lil-lyahil-hamd.”

اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ .و اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ . وَ لِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ.

“Allah (God, Lord) is above all, Allah is above all; there is no god but Him. Allah is above all, Allah is above all, and only to Him is true praise.”

Answers to questions about Eid al-Adha

How is this holiday celebrated?

This day is usually a day off. People try to invite guests and visit loved ones and relatives.

By the way, the word “kurban” in the Muslim tradition (as well as in the Jewish) refers to everything that brings a person closer to God. On this holiday, there is a ritual slaughter of an animal, implying a spiritual appeal to the Creator.

What is this tradition associated with?

It is directly related to the event that happened to the prophet Abraham. By Divine Revelation he was ordered to sacrifice his son Ismail (Ishmael), who was born to Abraham at a very old age (at 86 years old) and was, by earthly standards, a miracle: children are usually not born to such elderly parents. Despite all the love for the child, his holiness and the long-awaited support on his part in old age, Abraham, having discussed God’s command with his son, who obediently agreed with him, came to the appointed place. When everything was ready, a voice was heard: “Truly, this is an obvious test! [You have successfully overcome it].” The sacrifice of a son was replaced by a sacrificial animal, and Abraham was granted the successful birth of his second son, Ishak (Isaac).

What is the humanistic meaning?

By this, the Almighty showed: to become closer to God, human sacrifice is not required. And the animal world is in the obedient service of people, which implies its intended use, care, and environmental protection.

What rituals need to be performed?

From one family (from one family budget) slaughter one lamb. Time: immediately after the holiday prayer and before sunset on the third day (according to Shafi'i theologians, on the fourth day). The best day is the first day.

How many days does this holiday last?

What is the duty of a believer on this holiday?

It is to find in one’s essence (spacious, sometimes dark and impenetrable) a treasure called “piety”, and this means avoiding the clearly forbidden (alcohol, adultery; lies, slander) and performing the obligatory to the best of one’s strength and ability (consistency in good , helping the weak; prayer, fasting, zakat). This treasure, if we find it within ourselves, will seriously enrich us and help us live harmoniously and happily, especially in times of turmoil and adversity.

The Koran says:

“[Understand!] Neither the meat of a sacrificial animal nor its blood will ever reach Allah (God), but the piety that comes from you reaches Him [and therefore the state of the soul, the mood is important, and not the meat that you yourself and eat it]. In the same way [as you see it with your own eyes], it [the animal intended for slaughter] is subordinate to you [calm and humble in front of what is happening, and, as usual, is a source of meat and skin for you]. And this [including] so that you [pausing at times in your endless worries or becoming more active during periods of indifference, laziness and idleness, look around, breathe deeply] and exalt the Creator for the right path along which He has provided you with the opportunity go.

[In this fleeting stream of life, steadily bringing you closer to death] please noble[who is such in his deeds and actions. Good news for them about worldly happiness and a heavenly abode in eternity]” (Holy Koran, 22:37).

The pre-holiday day is also noteworthy. What is the best thing to do on this day?

The pre-holiday day is the day of standing on Mount Arafat. For everyone except pilgrims, it is useful to fast, because the reward for fasting on this day is so great that it neutralizes the minor sins of two years.

At what time is the holiday prayer performed?

It takes place approximately 40 minutes after sunrise.

What is the level of obligation to sacrifice an animal?

Most of the authoritative Muslim scholars, including Hanafi theologians (Abu Yusuf and Muhammad) and Shafi'i theologians, said that sacrificing an animal during the festival of sacrifice is desirable (sunnah muakkyada). Abu Hanifa, Zufar and al-Hasan from among the scholars of the Hanafi madhhab stated that this is obligatory (wajib).

Scholars of the Shafi'i, Maliki and Hanbali madhhabs clarified that the ritual sacrifice of an animal is desirable at the level of the sunnah of muakkyada (that is, what the Prophet always performed and did not omit, but this does not apply to obligatory (fard). The neglect of this type of worship on the part of those who have the material means to do so is canonically condemned. The hadith says: “Whoever has the opportunity and does not sacrifice an animal, should not approach the place of our prayer.” Many scholars have explained that this hadith is one of those hadiths that, although clear in meaning, do not indicate obligation, but importance.

By what criteria does a person determine the need for sacrifice?

Answer, who is responsible for the slaughter on Eid al-Adha: everyone or only those who pay zakat?

The criteria are: freedom, religiosity, majority, mental health, availability of necessary material resources and location of permanent residence.

By the availability of necessary material resources, Hanafi theologians mean the material condition of the person who is subject to the requirement to pay zakat. Shafi'i theologians believe that whoever has the means for himself and his family for four holiday days, and in addition to this he still has the amount with which he can purchase a sacrificial animal, he acquires it and sacrifices it.

What should be the intention?

Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of God be upon him), when he sacrificed a ram with the name of the Creator on his lips, praising Him, with the intention of getting closer (qurba) to God, said: “O Allah! This is from Muhammad and his family."

Is it necessary to perform the sacrifice yourself? Is it possible to ask someone else to do this?

It is advisable (sunnah) to do this yourself: pronounce the intention, say “Bismillah, Allahu Akbar” and cut the main arteries. If there is a complete lack of skill and fear, a believer can ask another to do this, but on the condition that he himself be present during the sacrifice. The Prophet Muhammad, when sacrificing a ram on behalf of his daughter Fatima, asked her to be present during the ceremony: “Wait and look at your sacrificial animal. Verily, all your sins will be forgiven you with the fall of the first drop of his blood.” In cases where there is no possibility of being present, the person states his intention, transfers the cost of the sacrificial animal and asks that it be sacrificed on his behalf.

If the person performing the sacrifice is a woman, then it is desirable (sunnah) for her to ask one of the men to sacrifice an animal on her behalf.

What should the sacrificial animal be like?

The opinion of theologians is unanimous that sacrificial animals can be camels, buffaloes, bulls or cows, as well as rams, sheep and goats. Age: camels - five years or more; buffalos, bulls and cows - two years or more; rams, sheep and goats one year old and older.

Defects the presence of which makes it unacceptable to sacrifice an animal: blindness in one eye or both; excessive thinness; lameness, in which the animal cannot independently reach the place of sacrifice; missing most of an eye, ear, or tail; lack of teeth.

Flaws that are acceptable: horns missing from birth or partially broken; castrated.

We know that one cow can be sacrificed by seven people or families. Is it possible to consider the deceased one of these seven? If so, will he benefit from it?

Hanafi theologians say that this is permissible. If the sacrifice is performed by the children of the deceased, the likelihood of benefit for him is maximum. If this is done by friends or relatives of the deceased, who consider him to be the seventh, then it is also possible that a reward will be credited in his favor in eternity. Shafi'i theologians consider it impossible to perform a sacrifice on behalf of the deceased, unless he asked for it in his will.

Answering the question regarding the possibility of distribution cost sacrificial animal as alms without direct sacrifice, one of the modern theologians notes: “Distributing the value is not encouraged, since replacing the sacrifice with paying the cost of the sacrificial animal can lead to the loss and oblivion of one of the sunnahs (desirable actions), which has been observed since the times the prophet Abraham himself. However, if the sacrifice is made on behalf of the deceased so that the reward is credited to him, and this happens where a large number of people perform sacrifices, then distributing the value of the sacrificial animal to the poor and needy is permissible.”

Are there any time limits for the ritual of sacrifice?

The time to perform it comes immediately after the completion of the holiday prayer, and it ends shortly before sunset on the third day. The best day is the first day. This ritual can be performed at any time of the day. If a believer sacrifices an animal before the earliest Eid prayer in one of the city's mosques is completed, then it is not counted as a sacrificial animal, but is treated as an ordinary animal slaughtered for meat. In a city or village where there is no mosque and holiday prayer is not performed, the time of sacrifice begins with the appearance of dawn.

Should the holiday prayer and sacrifice be performed again if in some area they made a mistake in determining the day and did everything necessary a day earlier than expected?

Repeated prayers and sacrifices should not be made.

Can a person make a sacrifice later if he did not have time to do it on the appointed days?

If a believer did not have time to purchase a ram and make a sacrifice on the allotted days, and he had the necessary material resources, then he no longer makes the sacrifice, but will be able to distribute funds equal to the cost of the animal to the poor and needy if he wants to receive the Lord's reward (savab ) from this godly act.

I heard that those who are going to sacrifice a ram should not cut their nails and hair, is that true?

It is advisable (sunnah) for a person who is going to make a sacrifice during the holiday not to cut his hair or trim his nails during the first ten days of the month of Dhul-Hijjah and before the ritual of slaughter. This is due to drawing a certain parallel with believers who make pilgrimages these days to the sacred places of Mecca and Medina and also do not cut their nails and hair.

Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of the Creator) said: “If the month of Dhul-Hijjah has begun and one of you is going to make a sacrifice, let him not cut his nails or hair.” Cutting hair and nails at this time is considered undesirable action (makruh).

But, if this creates certain inconveniences for a person, for example due to the nature of his activity, then he, without a doubt, can confidently shave and get a haircut. Canonically, undesirability is canceled even if necessary.

Is it enough for a family to sacrifice one ram?

Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) addressed the believers: “O people! One family needs to sacrifice one ram once a year.” It is also reported that 'Ata ibn Yasar asked the companion of the Prophet Muhammad Abu Ayyub al-Ansari about how exactly during the time of the Messenger the sacrifice was carried out on the holiday of Eid al-Adha, to which he replied: “In the time of the Prophet, a man sacrificed [on the holiday Kurban Bayram] from yourself and your house (your family) one ram. They ate the meat themselves and treated others to it. This continued until people began to brag to each other and came to what you can see today.” There are some opinions that Can sacrifice one ram from each family member, but the slaughter of one ram from one financially capable family once a year is considered sufficient. And this is done on one of the days of the holiday of sacrifice (‘Idul-adha, Kurban Bayram).

The famous Muhaddith al-Shavkyani said on this matter: “The essence and truth in this matter is the sufficiency of one ram per family, indicated in the Sunnah, even if it consists of a hundred people or more.”

If a believer made a vow before God to sacrifice a certain cow or a certain ram on the days of the Feast of Sacrifice, but the animal died before the due date, is the owner of the dead animal considered a debtor to the Lord?

If the animal died a natural death, then its owner owes nothing. If he himself sold it or slaughtered it for meat, then he is obliged to fulfill his vow before God by buying an animal of the same value and sacrificing it on one of the days of the festival of sacrifice.

What to do with the skin of a sacrificial animal?

What to do with the skin of a sacrificial animal in Moscow? Can we just leave her at the slaughterhouse? Magomed.

Selling the skin of a sacrificial animal is prohibited. Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of God be upon him) warned: “Whoever sells the skin of a sacrificial animal, it [the sacrificial animal] will not be counted [as sacrificial].” The skin can be given to someone, donated, for example, to the poor, you can keep it for personal use or exchange it for another thing. If the skin is nevertheless sold, then the proceeds must be distributed as alms.

It is not allowed to pay the butcher with the skin of a sacrificial animal. Imam ‘Ali said: “The Prophet Muhammad ordered me to distribute the meat and skin of a sacrificial animal as alms. And he ordered not to give the butcher [who sacrificed her] any part of the animal [as payment].”

As for the conditions of Moscow or another city in the Russian Federation or the CIS, you can leave the skin at the slaughterhouse without claiming a discount because of it, but donate it free of charge.

Does revealing the pregnancy of the sacrificial animal violate the slaughter ritual? What to do with the embryo?

The ritual of sacrifice is not violated. The main arteries of the embryo are also cut, but they are not eaten, but buried.

How long should the meat of a sacrificial animal be used?

Initially, the Prophet (may the Almighty bless him and greet him) ordered that all meat be consumed and distributed within three days, that is, not left for long-term storage. However, he later canceled this instruction: “I ordered you to eat the meat within three days, but now you can eat it as you wish.”

How many parts is the meat of a sacrificial animal divided into?

The meat of the sacrificial animal is divided into three parts: one is for the poor, the second is for distribution to neighbors or for treating relatives and friends, and the third is left at home for later consumption. It is desirable that what is distributed to the poor and needy should be at least a third of the total amount. Selling the meat of a sacrificial animal is strictly prohibited. If a person wishes, he can give away everything except a small part, which he will keep for himself and his family as “tabarruq” (asking for blessings from the Almighty).

Is it possible to raise sheep specifically for sale on the Feast of Sacrifice?

The production of what is permitted (halal) and the trade in it are encouraged in Islam and are one of the main forms of income.

In our family, each member makes a certain significant contribution to the overall family budget, although still half of the expenses come from the funds of my parents. Me, my sister and her son live with our parents. Each of us has our own income, part of which we spend on family needs, as I noted above, and the rest at our own discretion.

Should we sacrifice one lamb for the whole family or should everyone slaughter a lamb on their own behalf? Tell me what to do right?

If you have three independent budgets (each has its own savings, accumulations), and these budgets overlap in some way, then each of them must make a sacrifice on established holidays, if the amount of available funds meets the previously mentioned criteria.

Is it possible to give gifts on Eid al-Fitr and other Islamic holidays to remind loved ones, especially those who do not observe the canons of religion, about the holiday? Ivan.

Yes, of course, it is possible and necessary.

I heard that you can fast for ten days before Eid al-Adha. Could you tell us more about this (according to the Hanafi madhhab)? Bekbolat, Kazakhstan.

It's possible, but nothing more. The main thing is to fast on the day of ‘Arafah. For more information, see the materials “Eid al-Fitr (briefly)” and “Additional days of fasting.”

What should young families do who, for example, due to lack of necessary material resources, cannot observe this ritual? How can they celebrate and celebrate Eid al-Adha? Zarina.

Create a cozy festive atmosphere at home and give gifts to your children and loved ones.

1. Today I was told that a lamb needs to be sacrificed only from one person, that is, if the wife is under the guardianship of her husband, then the husband can make a sacrifice for himself and for his wife. If the wife works, then she herself must buy the lamb. Is it true?

2. I live alone, I just graduated from college. My family now is my parents. Should I make a separate sacrifice, since I work and can more or less provide for myself?

1. It’s not true, one Kurban is from one family, from one family budget.

2. According to the scholars of the Hanafi madhhab, you do not need to slaughter a sacrificial animal; it will be enough if your father slaughters one lamb from your family, including you.

If for some reason a Muslim did not fast the day before Eid al-Adha, is it possible to make up for this? Maybe you need to fast on other days, after a holiday for example? A.

No, no, this post is not replenished.

What prayer should be performed during the Shia Eid al-Fitr holiday?

Both Shiites and Sunnis perform Eid prayer early in the morning of this day. There are no particular differences in how it is accomplished.

My son-in-law wants to slaughter a sheep for Kurban for his four-year-old son. Will this be right? Alfia.

The main thing is one Kurban from one family budget. If your son-in-law wants to carry out the slaughter specifically on behalf of his four-year-old son, then I do not see any direct canonical obstacles to this.

Is it possible to bring money for Kurban to the mosque on Poklonnaya Hill (for example, throw it in a box in a marked envelope)? This is very important for me. We have big problems with carrying out slaughters in our city. You need to find an animal, ask a person who can do everything correctly. Moreover, it is difficult to find Muslims to whom it could be distributed. Maybe the mosque organizedly sends money to rural areas where there are people in need? Elmira, Kursk.

If you bring it to our mosque, throw it in a box marked “Kurban” and indicating your name and patronymic at least a week before the holiday, then we will transfer this money to one of the charitable organizations that slaughters and distributes meat to the needy. If there are similar Muslim organizations in your city, then contact them. The culture of organized slaughter and distribution of meat to those in need, such as students, orphans, the disabled or the elderly, is gradually emerging in Russia. In other states this practice was and still is.

We live in Surgut. Can we send money for a ram to Dagestan so that a ram from our family can be slaughtered and distributed to those in need? Here we don’t know who to give it to, but there are many needy families at home. Aruvzat.

Yes, of course. You can do this, the main thing is to send the money in advance or have the appropriate agreement so that the slaughter process is carried out exactly on the days of the holiday.

Is it possible to slaughter a bull that is a little less than two years old on Kurban? Bilal.

Is there any benefit from the blood of a sacrificial animal slaughtered on Eid al-Adha? In Chechnya they smear it on their forehead, cheeks, and nose. Ismail.

There is no canonical validity for this action, and therefore it can only be attributed to local tradition.

Are there any norms in Sharia that prescribe (recommend) the performance of the Kurban ritual in the name of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of the Almighty be upon him). If not, then where did this tradition among Russian Muslims come from? Sayar.

There are no norms recommending such an action in the Muslim canons. I don’t know when and why this tradition appeared. I assume that this is some form of people’s gratitude to God’s final messenger. But there is no need to practice such an innovation.

There is an intention to donate a lamb (slaughter) to an orphanage. Are there any rituals or du'a for this occasion? Daulet.

There are no special rituals or prayers for this occasion. You carry out the slaughtering process as usual on behalf of yourself and your family, or you entrust it to the appropriate fund, after which the meat will be transferred to the orphanage.

Pilgrims specially hung decorations on the necks of the sacrificial animals they took with them. Those who saw this understood that this animal would be sacrificed and its meat would be distributed to the poor and needy, and they treated it with respect. See: Al-Khamsy M. Tafsir wa Bayan. P. 124.

For example, the words “bismil-la wal-laahu akbar, allaahumma minkya wa ilyaykya (with the name of the Lord, He is above all. O Lord, it was given by You and returns to You).

See, for example: Az-Zuhayli V. At-tafsir al-munir. T. 9. pp. 235, 240.

Livestock are agricultural mammals.

Hadith from ‘Aisha; St. X. al-Hakim, Ibn Majah and at-Tirmidhi. See, for example: As-Suyuty J. Al-jami' as-sagyr. P. 485, Hadith No. 7949, “Hasan”.

Hadith from Anas, given in six sets of authentic hadiths and from ‘Aisha in the Holy. X. Ahmad. See, for example: Al-Qaradawi Y. Fatawa mu'asyra. T. 1. P. 391.

See, for example: al-Sabuni M. Mukhtasar tafsir ibn kasir. T. 1. P. 183 (opinion of Ibn ‘Abbas).

For theological details on this verse, see, for example: al-Sabuni M. Mukhtasar tafsir ibn kasir. T. 1. P. 183; al-Zuhayli V. At-tafsir al-munir. In 17 volumes. T. 1. pp. 578, 584, 585.

See, for example: al-Qaradawi Y. Fatawa mu'asyra. T. 1. P. 389, 390.

At the time of Ishaq's birth, Abraham was 99 years old. See, for example: Az-Zuhayli V. At-tafsir al-munir. T. 12. P. 125.

For more information about this story, see my Translation of the Qur'an. Meanings": Holy Quran, 37:100–112.

Scientists of the Hanafi madhhab talk about this.

See, for example: As-Suyuty J. Al-jami‘ as-sagyr [Small collection]. Beirut: al-Kutub al-‘ilmiya, 1990. P. 316, hadith No. 5118, “sahih.”

See, for example: Al-Margynani B. Al-hidaya [Manual]. In 2 volumes, 4 hours. Beirut: al-Kutub al-‘ilmiya, 1990. Vol. 2. Part 4. P. 403.

See: An-Nawawi Ya. Minhaj al-Talibin wa ‘umda al-muftin fi al-fiqh [The program of students and the support of muftis in fiqh]. Beirut: al-Fikr, 1992. P. 320.

That is, according to Abu Hanifa and those who agree with him, if a believer has material and other opportunities for sacrifice and does not perform it, then he is sinful before the Almighty, since the Prophet Muhammad made it clear that it is not necessary to allow the prayers of those who had the opportunity to sacrifice a ram, but did not. Other scholars consider this to be reprehensible (makruh), but not sinful, which is confirmed by a large number of hadiths indicating the absence of categorical obligation. See: Muhammad ibn Suleiman A. Majma' al-anhur fi sharh multaqa al-abhur. T. 2. P. 516; al-Zuhayli V. Al-fiqh al-Islami wa adilyatuh. In 8 vols. T. 3. P. 595; al-Zuhayli V. Al-fiqh al-Islami wa adilyatuh. In 11 vols. T. 4. S. 2703, 2704; al-Qaradawi Y. Fatawa mu'asyra. T. 1. P. 388, 392.

Hadith from Abu Hurayru; St. X. al-Hakim and Ibn Majah. See, for example: As-Suyuty J. Al-jami' as-sagyr. P. 540, Hadith No. 8973.

Hanafi theologians believe that sacrifice is not sunnah for a traveler, citing in support the words of 'Ali that "Friday prayer and sacrifice (al-udhiyah) are not obligatory for a traveler" and the fact that Abu Bakr and 'Umar did not perform sacrifices, when they were on the way. See: Az-Zuhayli V. Al-fiqh al-Islami wa adilyatuh. In 11 vol. T. 4. P. 2711; al-Margynani B. Al-hidaya. T. 2. Part 4. P. 405; al-Khatib ash-Shirbiniy Sh. Mughni al-mukhtaj. T. 6. P. 127.

Zakat is a mandatory annual tax in favor of the poor and needy; it is also paid for the development of projects that promote the spread of Islam and true knowledge about it (fi sabil-lyah), etc. Zakat is paid annually on all monetary units (currencies), gold and silver. If all this in total is equal to the value of 84.8 g of gold and this amount, decreasing or increasing, was stored during the year and at the end of the year is equivalent to the specified value (84.8 g of gold) or exceeds it, then in this case it is paid from it 2.5% zakat.

Venues in Moscow

Memorial Mosque "Shuhada" on Poklonnaya Gora: metro station "Park Pobedy", st. Minskaya, 2B. Eid prayer starts at 7:00
Moscow Cathedral Mosque: metro station "Prospekt Mira", Vypolzov lane, 7. Beginning at 07.00
Historical mosque: metro station "Novokuznetskaya", st. Bolshaya Tatarskaya, 28, building 1, 2. Starts at 08.00
Muslim community “Mercy”: Butovo Forest Park, OPK No. 94. The intersection of Academician Glushko Street and Dmitry Donskoy Boulevard. Starts at 07.00
Muslim community "Kyausar": metro station Borisovo, Borisovskie Ponds 31, Brateevo park. Prayer starts at 7:00

Sites in the Moscow region

Noginsk, st. Yuzhnaya, 35 (mosque)
Staraya Kupavna, st. 2nd Razina, 62 (house of worship)
Naro-Fominsk, st. Volodarskogo, 123 (mosque)
Orekhovo-Zuevo, st. Lapina, 28 (mosque)
Solnechnogorsk, st. Ekaterininskaya, 1 (mosque)
Shchelkovo, st. Sovetskaya, 10 (mosque)
Zvenigorod, st. Novaya, 29 (mosque)
Balashikha, st. Parkovaya, 2 (ice palace "Balashikha Arena")
Balashikha, microdistrict Zheleznodorozhny, st. Novoslobodskaya, 15 (DC "Rassvet")
Kolomna, October Revolution, 324 (DK "Avangard")
Mytishchi, st. Silikatnaya, 30A (square near the regional Youth Palace)
Podolsk, st. Gaidara, 11A (manege DYUSSHOR)
Podolsk, Domodedovskoe highway, 35A (house of worship)
Elektrostal, st. Karla Marksa, 7 (gym of the Vasiliev Palace of Culture)
Pushkino, st. Embankment, 8 (Pushkino Sports Palace)
Lyubertsy urban district, Malakhovka village, Teatralny pr-d, 1 (culture and recreation park)
Voskresensk, st. Chapaeva, 1 (Cementnik House of Culture)
Roshal, st. Fr. Engelsa, 24/8 (house of worship)
Sergievo-Posad district, Krasnozavodsk, st. Gorkogo, 2 (house of worship)
Domodedovo, Vostryakovo microdistrict, st. 2nd Clubnaya, 1
Dmitrovsky district, Yakhroma, st. Sandy deadlock, 9A (house of worship)
Yegoryevsk, st. Paris Commune, 1B, building 2
Odintsovo, st. Marshala Zhukova, 22 (volleyball center)
Khimki, Planernaya microdistrict, possession 1 (Olympic training and sports center "Planernaya" LLC)
Ramensky district, village. Springs (territory of the city cemetery, mosque on the Muslim site)
Elektrogorsk, st. Nekrasova, 34
Lobnya, st. Kiovo, 100 (JSC Krasnopolyanskoe)
Klinsky district, village. Teterino, country recreation club "Klinskoye Zaozerye"
Korolev, st. Komitetskaya 2
Volokolamsk district, Rozhdestvenno village, st. Microdistrict-2, 14
Krasnogorsk, st. Vokzalnaya, 25a (sports complex "Krasnogorsk")
Serpukhov, st. Kaluzhskaya 128A (Former traffic police site)
Istra urban district, village. Kuchi, 39
Kashira, st. Lenina, 2 (MAUK "City Park")
Ruza, st. Socialisticheskaya, 63 (Urozhay stadium)
Chekhov, Venyukovo microdistrict, st. Gagarina, 19b (Trud stadium)
Sergiev Posad, st. Dolgokuevskaya, 62a (house of worship)
Sergiev Posad, st. Institutskaya, 15 (Salut sports complex)
Zaraysk, st. Sovetskaya, 74 (house of worship)

Sites for the slaughter of sacrificial animals in the Moscow region

g.o. Balashikha, village New Milet, Novomiletskoe highway, property 5A.
Bogorodsky city district, Psarki village, farm
g.o. Domodedovo, sat down. Yam, behind the military unit Myasnoy Dvor
g.o. Domodedovo, Starosyanovo village, st. Sadovaya, 4 (farm)
g.o. Kolomensky, Gorodets village, farm
Pushkino district, village Mitropole, town Sofrino
Pushkino, st. Lugovaya, 6
Sergiev Posad district, village. Mishutino, 175 (farm)
Solnechnogorsk district, village. Ozhogino, private slaughterhouse
g.o. Khimki, Likhachevskoe highway, 10, Partner LLC
g.o. Chekhov, Art. Stolbovaya, st. Mira, possession 1
Shchelkovsky district, village Big stallions, SPK "Romashka"
Leninsky district, village. Sukhanovo, 2, farm

All about religion and faith - “Kurban Bayram 2015 holiday prayer” with a detailed description and photographs.

If possible, it is obligatory to attend Eid prayers in the mosque. The holiday prayer is performed after sunrise. According to the Sunnah, there are desirable things that need to be done in the morning before performing the Eid prayer:

Wear your best clothes.

Use incense (perfume).

Use a miswak (teeth brushing stick).

Do not eat anything before Eid al-Adha

Sacrifice (qurban) - slaughtering an animal (sheep, goat, cow or camel) for the sake of the Almighty Creator on the 10th day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah (that is, on the holiday “Eid al-Adha” or otherwise “eid al-Adha”) and in the next three days. This is one of the types of worship established by the Lord of the worlds through His prophets. This is the sunnah of our forefather - the prophet Ibrahim (Abraham), peace be upon him. And the sunnah of our prophet - the Messenger of Allah - Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him).

Speaking about animals slaughtered for His sake, the Creator says in the Koran: “Neither their blood nor their meat reaches Allah. But your fear of God comes through.” The Almighty does not need shed blood and does not need meat. However, as it does not need anything else, the essence of this ritual is submission to the Creator by slaughtering the cattle given by Him and the subsequent distribution of part of the meat to those in need and donating part of it to neighbors and relatives. It is this desire - to achieve the favor of Allah and show submission to Him, the willingness to part with property and something loved for the soul for His sake, humility before Him - this, and precisely this, brings a person closer to the Creator.

When we perform Kurban, we remember the story of our forefather Ibrahim (Abraham), which marked the beginning of this godly act. This story provides an example for all of us of how to respond to the call of the Creator, how to fulfill His commands. The Almighty does not impose on us what He imposed on Ibrahim. The All-merciful Creator does not order any of us to place our child on our forehead for slaughter. He simply commands us to lower our foreheads in bows, praying to Him while performing prayers; giving purifying alms - zakat; fast - observe the fast during the month of Ramadan; perform Hajj and commands us to perform other pious deeds, not because he needs them, but because he wants to save us through these deeds and give us a great reward.

 Sheep – from 1 year. 6 months are allowed, with a strong consistency, similar to one-year-old ones.

 Goats – at least 1 year. An age of less than a year is not desirable, since from animal husbandry practice it is believed that animals reach full consistency only by 1 year.

 Cows (bulls) – at least 2 years

 Camels – at least 4 years. Everything else cannot be Qurbani. And there cannot be chickens, horses, or any other animals.

A prerequisite for all types of sacrificial animals is their external usefulness. Therefore, animals that have obvious defects: broken or deliberately cut off horns, ears and tails are not allowed. Lame, blind, flabby, frail, and obviously sick animals are also not allowed. Females close to the time of giving birth are undesirable. The small livestock sacrifice is made from one person. As for cattle, it can be carried out by seven people.

Dear brothers and sisters, do not forget that Kurban cannot be performed before the end of the holiday prayer. If you slaughter an animal earlier, it will not be considered Qurbani, but will simply be meat slaughtered to feed the family. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed the festive prayer, then delivered the festive sermon (khutbah) and only then performed the qurban, as reported in the “Sahih” of Imam al-Bukhari.

When cutting an animal, you must say: “Bismi-Llah! Wa-Allahu Akbar!” This means: “In the name of Allah! Allah is the greatest!” You can't torture an animal! It is necessary to cut it easily and quickly, having previously sharpened the knife in the best possible way. Moreover, you cannot sharpen a knife in front of the animal, as this frightens it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When one of you slaughters cattle, let him do it in the best possible way. Let him sharpen his knife and strive to make death easier for the animal.”

The person eats the meat of the sacrificial animal himself and treats it to the poor, neighbors, and relatives. Some predecessors divided the Qurbani meat into 3 parts: they kept one part for themselves and their families; the second part was distributed to the poor; and the third part was treated to neighbors and relatives. No part of a slaughtered animal, including the skin of the animal, should be given as payment to the butcher! A person who intends to perform Qurbani is not allowed to cut his nails and hair or remove anything from his hair or skin from the 1st day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah. Why is this ban imposed? It is, in a way, an opportunity for people who are not on the Hajj to feel a sense of community with the pilgrims who are in Mecca at this time, and who, as you know, in the state of ihram, are forbidden to cut their hair and nails.

You can perform Kurban for 4 days, more precisely, from the end of the holiday prayer until sunset on the 4th day of the holidays, that is, the 13th Dhul-Hijjah.

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What date is Eid al-Adha in 2015

Russia is preparing to celebrate the most important Muslim holiday – Kurban Bayram 2015, called the “Feast of Sacrifice” in the Muslim community. During the celebration, which is considered the completion of the sacred ritual for all Muslims called Hajj, animals are sacrificed. According to the canons, Kurban Bayram is celebrated during a pilgrimage to the Muslim shrine - Mecca on the 10th day of the 12th month of the Muslim lunar calendar, which is called Dhul-Hijjah and lasts for 2-3 days. Those believers who, for various reasons, were unable to perform the Hajj, celebrate the “day of sacrifice” on the spot - in the cities in which they are currently located.

What date does Eid al-Adha begin in 2015?

Eid al-Fitr will begin in 2015 in September on the 24th (to be precise - the 23rd after sunset) and will continue until the 27th of September(again, before sunset on the 26th, this is important).

When will Kurban Bayram be celebrated in 2015 in Moscow?

In Moscow, the holiday will be held on the same dates, based on the data of the Muslim lunar calendar. It is noteworthy that in preparation for the event, the city authorities and the Muslim community of Russia managed to complete the construction and reconstruction of the largest cathedral mosque in Europe, the opening of which was personally attended by:

- Head of the Chechen Republic Ramzan Kadyrov,

– Mayor of Moscow Sergei Sobyanin,

– Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas,

– Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan,

– Chairman of the Council of Muftis of Russia Ravil Gainutdin,

– ambassadors of different countries and other high-ranking guests.

Where will Eid al-Adha be celebrated in Moscow 2015. Sermon and prayer

A sermon and festive prayer will take place on September 24. In Moscow in 2015 it will be held at the following addresses:

Address: Vypolzov lane 7, (metro station Prospekt Mira).

Opening time of the prayer hall: from 04:00 am.

The beginning of the holiday sermon: from 07:00 to 08:00

Address: st. Bolshaya Tatarskaya, 28, building 1, (Novokuznetskaya metro station).

The beginning of the holiday prayer: from 09:00 to 10:00.

Address: Minskaya, 2b.

The beginning of the holiday prayer: from 07:00 to 08:00.

1. Tent next to the Izumrudny sports and recreation center

Address: Yuzhnoye Butovo, st. Yuzhnobutovskaya, 96 (metro station Buninskaya Alleya).

Beginning of prayer: at 07:00

Address: Projected passage No. 4062, 11, building 2

Beginning of prayer: at 06:30.

What date is Kurban Bayram in 2015 and how is it celebrated. Video

Briefly, you can get acquainted with the main provisions of Eid al-Adha by watching this video:

Eid al-Fitr 2015 holiday prayer

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The festive prayer on Eid al-Fitr, the first day of which in 2015 fell on September 24, will be held at 39 venues in Moscow and the Moscow region.

The festive prayer on Eid al-Adha, the first day of which in 2015 fell on September 24, will be held at 39 sites in Moscow and the Moscow region from 7 to 10 am, depending on the location.

Eid al-Adha is one of the two main Muslim holidays. On this day, Muslims who have financial means sacrifice a ram or a cow. It is celebrated on the 10th day of the month of Zulhija, exactly 70 days after the end of the 30-day fast in the month of Ramadan. The festival of sacrifice lasts three days.

In the capital, in addition to three mosques, two additional sites will be opened on this day at the following addresses: Yuzhnoye Butovo district, st. Yuzhnobutovskaya, 96 (metro station "Buninskaya Alleya", next to the Izumrudny sports and recreation complex) and South River Station, Proektiruemy Proezd No. 4062, 11, bldg. 2 (metro station "Kolomenskaya"). At the first site, prayer will begin at 07:00, and at the second - at 06:30.

Later than everyone else in Moscow, the festive prayer will begin in the Historical Mosque (metro stations “Novokuznetskaya”, “Tretyakovskaya”, Bolshaya Tatarskaya St. 28, building 1) - from 09:00 to 10:00. At the Shahada Memorial Mosque on Poklonnaya Gora (2b Minskaya St.), the holiday prayer is scheduled to begin at 07:00-08:00.

According to tradition, most parishioners come to the Cathedral Mosque (metro station “Prospekt Mira”, Vypolzov per., 7), the doors of the prayer hall of which this year will open at four o’clock in the morning, and collective prayer will take place from 07:00 to 08:00. Despite the fact that after reconstruction the area of this mosque has expanded significantly, it is not able to accommodate everyone and therefore most of the Muslims will settle down on the streets adjacent to it. In this regard, the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Russia (DUM RF) asks parishioners to use other nearby metro stations on this day, since repair work is underway on the circle line of the Prospekt Mira station, and to be patient after prayer.

“At the end of the holiday prayer, please observe “Sabr” - calmness! Please walk calmly to the metro station, following the signs. Follow the instructions of police officers and volunteers. When entering the metro and boarding cars, show respect to elders and be attentive to women and children,” the RF Muslim Spiritual Directorate calls for.

Every year, more than 100 thousand Muslims take part in festive events in honor of Kurban Bayram in the capital.

Holiday prayer in the Moscow region will be held at 34 sites, which are located in almost all districts of the region (see list below).

The Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the Moscow Region expects up to 80 thousand parishioners on this day, including at the expense of residents of the capital.

“According to our forecasts, about 70-80 thousand of our co-religionists will take part in the Eid al-Adha holiday in the Moscow region,” said Deputy Chairman of the Council of Muftis of Russia Rushan Hazrat Abbyasov.

One of the main rituals of this holiday is sacrifice (“qurban” is translated from Arabic).

According to the Koran, the angel Gabriel appeared to the prophet Ibrahim in a dream and conveyed to him a command from Allah to sacrifice his first-born son Ismail. Ibrahim went to the Mina valley to the place where Mecca now stands and began preparations. However, this turned out to be a test from Allah, and when the sacrifice was almost made, Allah replaced the sacrifice of a son for Ibrahim with the sacrifice of a lamb (lamb).

Since then, paying tribute to the feat of the Prophet Ibrahim, who showed the highest degree of righteousness and love for Allah, Muslims have slaughtered a sacrificial animal as a rite of worship to God.

The slaughter of animals on the streets of Moscow is prohibited, and on this day traffic police officers can check vehicles for the presence of animals brought to the capital for sacrifices. For these purposes, the Muslim Spiritual Directorate of the Russian Federation has organized 15 sites in the Moscow region, where it will be possible to conduct the ritual of sacrifice (see list below).

Venues for Eid al-Fitr in the Moscow region on 09/24/2015 (Starts at 07:00-08:00)

Balashikha village Purshevo, st. Novoslobodskaya, 15 (DC "Rassvet")
Balashikha, st. Parkovaya, 1 (city stadium)
Volokolamsk, Northern Highway, 21
Voskresensk, st. Chapaeva 1, cultural center "Tsementnik"
Yegoryevsk, st. Paris Commune, 1B
Zvenigorod, st. Novaya, 29 (mosque)
Klinsky district, Teterino village, Klinskoye Zaozerye LLC
Kolomna, st. October Revolution, 324 (Youth Sports School)
Korolev st. Sovetskaya, 18 (stadium)
Krasnogorsk, Opalikha microdistrict, st. Novo-Nikolskaya, 2A
Lobnya, village Kiovo, 100 (JSC Krasnopolyanskoe)
Mytishchi, st. Ulyanovskaya, 53
Naro-Fominsk, st. Volodarskogo, 123 (mosque)
Noginsk, st. South 35 (mosque)
Odintsovo, st. Solnechnaya, 9 (Solnechny House of Culture)
Orekhovo-Zuevo, st. Lapina, 28 (mosque)
Podolsk, sports club "Bodrost", Yunykh Lenintsev Ave., 84B
Podolsk, arena of the Youth Sports School of the Olympic Reserve, st. Gaidara, 11A
Podolsk, Domodedovskoe highway, 35 (house of worship)
Pushkino, st. Embankment, 8 (Pushkino Sports Palace)
Roshal, st. Friedrich Engels, 24/8 (mosque)
Sergiev Posad, st. Dolgokuevskaya, 52A (mosque)
Solnechnogorsk, st. Ekaterininskaya, 7 (mosque)
Khimki, Sheremetyevo, Planernaya microdistrict, ow. 1, sports center "Olympic"
Shchelkovo, st. Sovetskaya, 10 (mosque)
Elektrogorsk, st. Sovetskaya, 43
Elektrostal, st. Karla Marksa, 7 (behind the Vasiliev Palace of Culture, gym)
Dmitrovsky district, Yakhroma, st. Pesochny deadlock, 9A (mosque)
Domodedovo, Vostryakovo microdistrict, st. 2nd Clubnaya, 1
Istrinsky district of the village. Kholsheviki st. Kuchi, 39G
Lyubertsy district, village. Malakhovka, Teatralny proezd st., 1A or Shosseynaya st., no. 2 (CDC "Soyuz", culture and recreation park).
Noginsky district, Staraya Kupavna, st. 2nd Razina, 62 (house of worship)
Ramensky district, village. Springs (territory of the city cemetery, mosque on the Muslim site)
Sergievo-Posad district, Krasnozavodsk, st. Gorkogo, no. 2.

Sites for sacrifice on Eid al-Fitr (24.09.2015)

Balashikha, village New Ticket
Balashikha, village Purshevo (meat processing plant)
Domodedovo, village Starosyanovo, st. Sadovaya, 4 (farm)
Istrinsky district, pos. Manikhino, OPH "Manikhino"
Kolomensky metropolitan area, s. Gorodets (farm)
Krasnogorsky district, pos. Nakhabino, st. Volodarskogo, 1
Noginsky district, Psarki village (farm)
Podolsk city district, village. Satino-Tatarskaya (slaughterhouse)
Pushkinsky district, village. Metropolie (slaughterhouse)
Ramensky district, village. Aksenovo
Ramensky district, village. Volodarsky (farm)
Ramensky district, village. Fominskaya
Sergiev Posad district, Yaroslavl region, Pereslavl district, village. Berendeevo
Solnechnogorsk district, village. Ozhogino
Shchelkovsky district, village. Big Stallions, SPK "Romashka"

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History and traditions of the Islamic holiday of sacrifice Eid al-Adha

Is it possible to replace a sacrificial ram with a cow and what are “takbir” and “khutbah”

Festive prayer during Eid al-Adha at the Moscow Cathedral Mosque in 2015

On September 1, 2017, Muslims will celebrate one of the main Islamic holidays, Eid al-Adha (Arabic name - Eid al-Adha) or the holiday of sacrifice, dedicated to the end of the Hajj - the pilgrimage to Mecca. TASS tells how to find out the date of the holiday and what traditions are associated with it.

Hajj is one of the main duties of a Muslim, guaranteeing him the remission of sins and the achievement, according to beliefs, of eternal bliss in the afterlife. Every believer, according to Islamic doctrine, is obliged to perform the Hajj at least once in his life. After this, he has the right to be called “haji” - this is an honorable and respected address to a Muslim.

The holiday is based on a story from the Koran, similar to the biblical one - the angel Jabrail (Archangel Gabriel) appeared to the prophet Ibrahim (biblical Abraham) in a dream and conveyed to him the command of Allah to sacrifice his first-born Ismail. Father and son went to what is now Mecca to make a sacrifice.

Convinced that Ibrahim had passed the test, Allah sent him a lamb, which they sacrificed to the Almighty.

Today, Muslims perform this kind of sacrifice whether they are in Mecca or not.

Eid al-Adha is celebrated on the 10th day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah - the 12th month of the Muslim lunar calendar. Due to differences in the Gregorian and Muslim calendars, the date of the celebration moves back by 11 days every year. This year it falls on September 1st.

The holiday lasts three days, which are non-working days in most Muslim countries. You can make a sacrifice in any of them.

On the day preceding Eid al-Adha (Arafat Day), it is customary to fast.

The celebration begins at sunrise. Muslims perform a full ablution, put on new clothes and head to the mosque for morning prayer.

At the end of the morning prayer, believers return home, and then gather again in the courtyards or on the street to sing in chorus the praise of Allah (in Arabic “takbir” - TASS). Then the mullah delivers festive sermons (in Arabic “khutbah” - TASS note), after which Muslims visit cemeteries to pray for the dead at the graves.

Then comes the time of the sacrificial ritual. By decision of the Spiritual Administrations of Muslims in Russian cities, special places are allocated for the slaughter of sacrificial animals. At these sites, rules agreed upon with veterinary services must be observed.

Much attention is paid to the festive decoration of the table, as well as the preparation of numerous sweets. People try to give gifts to close friends and relatives on holidays. In the next few days, they usually go to visit family, friends and acquaintances.

First of all, it should be noted that, according to Islamic theologians, not only rams, but also camels, buffaloes, bulls or cows, sheep and goats can be sacrificial animals. However, the age of animals going to slaughter is strictly defined: a ram should be no more than a year old, a cow - two years old, a camel - five years old.

Animals must be purchased by believers exclusively with honestly earned money, without which the sacrifice is not considered accepted by Allah.

One animal from one family is sacrificed. The meat is divided into three parts: one is given to the poor, the second is prepared as a treat for relatives, neighbors, and friends, and the third can be left by believers for their family.

Aslan Mataev, the owner of a sheep farm from Gudermes, who helps local residents slaughter sheep, talks about the rules for slaughtering a sacrificial animal.

Read more about how to combine sacrifice with love for animals and where there is a place for business here on the website "This is the Caucasus"