On all UAZ-3151 cars and on separate industrial cars UAZ-31512, UAZ-31514, UAZ-31519 and UAZ-31513, a starting heater was established, designed to facilitate the start of the engine at ambient temperatures below minus 15 degrees due to heating coolant in and oil In the engine crankcase. A fuel for the starting heater was gasoline used for the engine.
Starting heater UAZ-3151, general device.
The main part of the heater is the boiler is not a collapsible design, the cavities of which are constantly connected to the engine cooling system using the supply and discharge fittings and rubber hoses with clamps. The liquid shirts of the boiler are surrounded by two risks, which passes the gas produced during the combustion of the fuel-air mixture, heating the cooling fluid.
At the bottom of the boiler there are a drain crane and a drainage tube connected to the chamber of the boiler. In the combustion chamber of the boiler there are two threaded holes, in one of which the incandescent candle is screwed down, and another is the fuel line fitting. For the cooling fluid bay, the heater has a funnel with a plug connected to a liquid shirt of the boiler with a rubber hose.
The air into the combustion chamber of the boiler comes from the fan through the hose. Nozzle with a folding extension can be connected to the outlet of the boiler. Hot gas through it is assigned to gas ducts and with the help of tray is supplied to the oilcard engine.
Scheme of shielded electrical equipment of UAZ-3151 and UAZ-31513 cars with the inclusion of the electrical circuit of the starting heater.
The fuel in the boiler of the starting heater is fed by a selection of a float chamber through a crane with an adjusting needle. In earlier versions of the heater, it was equipped with its own separate fuel tank. To supply air into the heater on the radiator lining panel, a fan with a single-speed electric drive is installed.
The fuel in the carburetor is rolled up by the electric junction mounted on the left front of the engine. The electrical displacement is turned on in parallel to the main pump and is intended for short-term work, so after starting the engine it is necessary to turn it off.
Since the heater electroventant has one speed, then initially when inciting the boiler, it is recommended to include it intermittently with a period of 1-2 seconds, not allowing to develop a greater frequency of rotation so as not to overshadow the incandescent candle and do not repay the resulting flame. When sustainable burning, which is determined by noise, it is necessary to turn on the fan constantly.
The ignition of the fuel-air mixture is made of incandescent candle, which remains turned on to obtain a stable process of burning in the boiler. Further ignition of the mixture comes from the heated parts of the combustion chamber.
Hot gases give part of heat heated fluid, providing its thermophone circulation in a circle: the boiler - the ducting pipeline - the engine cooling system shirt - the pipeline underlining - the boiler. Exhaust gases leaving the boiler are heated by oil in the engine crankcase.
The control of the heater is carried out from the control panel. The incandescent spiral on the shield is used to reduce the voltage in the circuit of the incandescent candle to 4 volts and visual control of its inclusion.
The procedure for the launch of the UAZ-3151 start-up heater.
If water is used as a coolant.
In exceptional cases, the use of water is allowed as a coolant for the engine UAZ-3151. In conditions of low ambient temperatures, after the end of the daily operation of the car, when it is set to a long-term parking lot, water merges from the engine cooling system. In this case, before starting the starting heater, it is necessary to pre-prepare 10 liters of pure water in one container and separately 3 more liters in another.
Before you start working with a starting heater, you need to turn the plug out of its filler funnel and remove the radiator cover, then clean the hole of the drain tube to ensure the excess of gasoline at the time of starting the heater.
After that, lean the extensionnel of the exhaust pipe nozzle into the working position and turn on the switch on the control panel of the electrical space pump, pumping the fuel to the carburetor. Include an electric motor of the fan for 10-20 seconds, while the combustion chamber and heater gas supplies will occur. Turn off the fan electric motor and turn on the incandescent candle.
The lever of the switch to hold for 15-20 seconds in the on-up position to the glow of the candle. Gauge of the candle to determine the reference to the control spiral on the control panel of the heater. Open the fuel supply crane for 1-1.5 turn and after 3-5 seconds to turn on the fan.
As soon as the first cotton flash in the combustion chamber is heard, turn on the fan constantly. At the same time, a smooth buzz of fuel burning in the boiler should be heard. If the starting heater does not work, then stop the fuel supply, blow the combustion chamber and boiler gas supplies and repeat the start-up.
After the starting heater starts to work steadily, turn off the incandescent candle, adjust the fuel supply in such a way that there is no flame emissions, and to fill the boiler for the heater of 3 liter of water through the bay funnel. When the coolant in the engine is heated, turn several times the crankshaft shaft by the starting handle, then start the engine with the usual order and fill the cooling system with water to normal.
After that, turn off the electrical displacement, to close the fuel crap to the boiler and after stopping the combustion of the fuel, turn off the fan electric motor. Due to non-compliance with the specified procedure for turning off the heater, a return emission of flames and burning air-feeding hose may occur.
Return the extensionnel of the exhaust nozzle in the marching position and start moving the car after heating the fluid in the engine cooling system to a temperature of 60-70 degrees on the temperature of the instrument panel.
If low-chamber fluid is used as a coolant.
The procedure for launching the starting heater remains the same as the exception that it will not be necessary to prepare water and fill the engine cooling system after starting and started the stable operation of the heater.
Possible malfunctions of the UAZ-3151 launcher.
If the starting heater does not start at all, it is possible that the incandescent candle may be faulty or a control spiral of incandescent, it is not visible in the slot. Or battery voltage is insufficient. If during the launch and operation of the starting heater, the flame or attenuation of burning occurs, then the opening of the fuel crane should be slightly increased.
Maintenance and care of the UAZ-3151 launcher.
Care with daily operation consists in controlling the tightness of pipelines, hoses, cranes and their connections, inspection and breakdown of the starting heater fastenings, cleaning the glow candles.
When preparing for the period of operation, it is necessary to clean the boiler of the starting heater from the dirt, rinse its liquid shirts, clean the drainage tube, blow out the gas supplies with compressed air, clean the boiler threads of the boiler plug, nozzle with the extension and tray from dirt. When you go to the summer mode of operation - to turn the plug of the filling neck of the boiler of the heater and lubricate it.
In search of funds to ensure easy launch of the power plant in conditions of reduced temperatures, many car owners stop their choice on antifreeze preheaters operating from a 220 V network in such devices. Powerful heating elements provide a fairly fast heating of the motor in the winter.
At the same time, motorists are often preferred by such devices of domestic production, among which the Alliance Preheater.
This solution is often due to the fact that domestic devices are cheaper than foreign, with a tolerable assembly quality and acceptable to perform their functions.
This manufacturer in the market for heating the power plants has appeared for a long time, and its products are in demand.
Types of heaters, features
The company offers a selection of a number of models with a different design and technical characteristics. In most cases, the devices are designed for use on domestic passenger and trucks - VAZ, GAZ, UAZ, Gazelle, etc. But at the same time, the installation of the heater "Alliance" is quite possible on foreign cars.
The catalog of preheating heaters of this company includes models:
"Alliance-2-PC"
The only in the list of the tank-type model, in the design of which includes a pump, providing the circulation of coolant on the system during the operation of the heater. This ensures more uniform heating of the cylinder block. The equipment has vertical execution. The power of the heating element is 2 kW;
This model is two types - by 1.5 and 2.0 kW. Externally, it is identical to the model with pump, but this version has no pump. Circulation of fluid - self-sized;
"Alliance -07"
Horizontal flow-up model with perpendicular arrangement of conclusions. It is intended for installation on a car, in the design of which are used a shortened pipe of the cooling system and an angular antifreeze supply supply to the thermostat body (VAZ of classical models and some front-wheel drive models). The power of the heating element is only 0.7 kW, so it is more suitable for maintaining the temperature, and not heating the coolant;
"Alliance-08" and "08 Universal"
Flowing model with a horizontal position of the conclusions. The first version is designed to install the gas, the second is universal and can be used on foreign cars. The power of the heater is 0.8 kW;
Horizontal tank-type model with perpendicular outputs and 3 kW. This heater is designed to use truck engines;
The type of device affects the principle of operation. If with a tank heater, equipped with pump, everything is clear - when the pump is turned on, it provides circulation, then the samotane should be considered more interesting, since the scheme of its functioning is quite interesting.
Design and principle of work
The design of the device "Alliance 1.5" consists of a housing with two conclusions - feeding side and discharge central. This case plays the role of the reservoir, so the heating element is placed inside it. The pins of the Tan pass through the bottom cover, where it connects to the feed cable. In addition, the structure uses a thermostat that includes / turning off the device when a certain temperature is reached (the upper limit is 85 degrees. C, and the lower - 50 degrees. C).
To ensure the samotane coolant movement, a ball valve is installed in the underwater output.
Everything works like this: Initially, the valve is open, so the reservoir is filled with antifreeze from the system. As the heating is heated with a heating element, it begins to expand, with the result that the valve overlaps the feed. Further expansion leads to the fact that the already heated antifreeze is pushed through the central (s) output. Inside the case there is a pressure drop and the valve opens again, running another portion of the coolant.
As for flowing models, it is an ordinary tube in which the heating element is installed. In such devices, self-circulation is carried out due to the temperature difference.
Connection schemes
For each type of model, there is a diagram of a connection, which must be followed, otherwise the circulation of antifreeze will not be provided (concerns samotane models).
Variants of the heater inserts into the system can be several. For example, on some cars, a classic connection diagram is used, in which the fluid supply is carried out from the hole for the drain plug (the fitting is installed instead), and the output leads to the upper nozzle, which comes from the radiator (the insertion is carried out using a tee).
But a few other connection scheme is used more often. It is done in it with antifreeze through the same drain plug, but the drain is produced into the hole of the thermal sensor of the cylinder block. For such an connection, the bucket is included with the device. It turns instead of a thermal sensor. The sensor itself is then screwed into the front of the fitting, and the nozzle from the heater is put on the lateral withdrawal of the tee.
As for flowing models, their installation is much easier because they are simply crashed into the desired pipe of the cooling system.
In general, the maintenance of the installation difficulties should not cause any difficulties, since it is not necessary to redo anything, it is enough to correctly make the insert.
Finally, a little about the operation of the device. After connecting the heater to the cooling system, the device itself (tank type) must be fixed on the engine (for this in the kit there is a bracket)
All nozzles and wiring from the equipment should be laid so that they do not concern moving and strongly hesitated during the operation of the force setting of elements.
All the "Alliance" models, although equipped with a thermostat, but hopefully not worth it. Therefore, connect the device better through the adapter with the timer.
Video with a description of the heater "Alliance"
Articles in the topic:
Even in the warm period of the year, you should not forget about the upcoming operation of the car in the winter. In the conditions of the harsh time of the year, the installation of a 220V engine heater will become a reliable and easy way to prepare a car to the cold launch.
Appointment and main differences
The engine starting heater is intended to save the desired coolant temperature at a certain level. For example, the temperature of 40 ° C will provide the necessary conditions in the cylinder for the quick start of the motor regardless of external conditions.
Constructive electrical heater represents an affordable design compared to independent engine start devices. The usual heater with the "Electro" prefix is \u200b\u200ba heating element with an accommodation in the body of the power supply of the feed wires.
Among the advantages of such a device are allocated:
- Simple designwhich will make installation on your own.
- Low costwhich is due to design features.
- The possibility of later upgrades. If necessary for passenger cars, you will be able to add a timer, a fuse sensor and other option devices.
Before switching to the installation of the engine heater from the stationary network 220V, get acquainted with constructive features. The construction is based on a tungsten heating spiral with an accommodation in the cylinder block. Depending on the power, a small amount of antifreeze can be heated relatively quickly.
The main disadvantage is the high energy consumption. In just one night, individual models consume up to 10 kW of electricity. That is why progressive samples are equipped with sensors to periodically disconnect the device from the network.
It is worth noting that the engine type does not affect the execution of the device. Is the gasoline or diesel engine on the UAZ, the device is installed in the same way. Here the difference is not as high as the correspondence of the size of tires and disks for SUVs. With a certain skill and compliance with security measures, it is not difficult to assemble the engine preheater with your own hands. To avoid unsuccessful experiments, consider an example of the original automotive heater by 220 V.
Example of a homemade heater
The principle of the heater is based on the free circulation of the coolant in the closed circuit of the cooling system. The device for heating fluid is embedded in parallel radiators. The accelerated circulation of the fluid will provide an additional pump, where the natural speed of the fluid movement will not be enough.
In order to manufacture the engine electric heater on its own, you will need:
- A piece of pipe. From one end, the hole is required for the installation of heating tan. At different parts of the pipe prepared holes for the installation of fittings.
- Electric TEN. Power is selected based on the size of the engine and the capacity of the lubrication system - from 400W to 2kw.
- Two fittings, taking into account the diameters of the cooling system nozzles.
- Piece of cable and fork To connect the Tan to the 220V network.
For the collected design, it is necessary to ensure installation under the tilt. This will ensure the possibility of antifreeze movement. Additionally, before installing the heater, it provides its thermal insulation.
Examples of industrial devices
Serial production of engine heaters 220V has been established for both domestic models and to install on any car. For installation, the VAZ model will fit the preheaners of the following models:
- Device "Storgery". The model is designed to be installed on the car of the Volga Auto Plant, taking into account the size of the nozzles. The cost does not exceed 1.3 thousand rubles.
- Product "Start Mini". It has a simple design with the creation of a natural thermophone circulation in the circuit. Cost - about 1,000 rubles. It has several modifications for installation on different motors.
- Start type models - M1 / \u200b\u200bM2, Sibir-Malso ensure the heated engine for domestic models. Price range from 1000 to 1800 rubles.
Among the models of the new generation, Severs-M heaters are distinguished, which are equipped with an emergency switch, and adapted to some popular models of foreign manufacturers.
If necessary, select the engine preheater 220V, you should pay attention to hotstart products from the USA. It will be possible to find models of the most varying degrees of complexity:
- TPS line. It has a wide range of vertical models depending on the diameter of the nozzle at the thermostat or are manufactured with the built-in thermostat. Different compactness and maintainability.
- Line of devices type CB, SB, Cl, WL, EE. It is characterized by a horizontal layout, with a capacity of 1.5 to 5 kW, and is intended for installation with motors from 2.0 l to 10.0 liters.
- Model of type hotflow. If necessary, put an effective heater with POMPA, it is worth paying attention to the devices of this group. The power of the samples is located in the range from 1 to 144 kW.
Recently, the installation of an engine preheater has become possible with models of Chinese manufacturers. At the same time, such products are often equipped with special sockets. Who installed budget models, knows that the main inconvenience of the heaters 220V is the need to open the hood every time each connected. That is why often the choice is made in favor of the autonomous heater. Therefore, the remote socket is a significant advantage of some models.
The installation order of the heater 220 V
The easiest solution to install the heater is to appeal to the service station. The cost of work in this case will not exceed 1.5 thousand rubles. However, in practice, an independent installation is not a more challenging task than to start a two-stroke engine.
In general, the work algorithm for installing the engine heating for passenger cars looks like this:
- Drain of antifreeze. The entire volume is not necessary - the order of 2 liters is merged with the collection into a separate container.
- Flexible pipes are disconnected At the installation site.
- A heater is installed With a connection to a closed contour, with the observance of structural features.
- Finite assembly. The stage provides for reliable fixation of nozzles, power supply sockets.
- Replenishment of the coolant level.
At the final stage, it is necessary to check not only the performance of the device, but also the normal functioning of the cooling system as a whole. After that, be sure - the car is ready for winter operation.
A task: Install the homemade engineering heater 220V on UAZ 31512
Stroke work on installing homemade preheater 220V for UAZ 31512
I installed on the frame below the crane of the drain of the coolant from the block. I as specially on the frame was some bracket. To him and pulled a clamp.
View of the cooling radiator
Instead, the crane screwed down the K1 / 4 carving fitting is a fence of cold coolant.
The submission of heated coolant first planned to withdraw in the block, there is a plug under the oil filter. K1 / 2 ...
Should have happened like that
... But I could not unscrew it and I had to connect it through the tee to the hose that comes from the head of the block to the stove radiator.
Filled the fusion antifreeze + even about the liter. Went, drove the system from air traffic jams.
In the morning, after a night frost included heated. After 2-3 minutes, the hose from the heater is already warm. After half an hour, the block head heated. After 40 minutes, the block itself is already.
Now the engine is starting with the floor of turnover, as in summer, and does not troit the first 5 seconds, as before.
Scheme of the heater
Scheme of the heater. Stimple with Ineta
Posted on 02.02.2015
I post a small report on work.
Temperature after overnight -4.7 degrees. It was possible and not to warm, but the device was at hand and decided to measure.
Turn on the heater and after 20 minutes the head of the block warmed up to +12.2 degrees
Rating 0.00
ATTENTION! Installation of the electrically heater Siberia. The UAZ cars with a carburetor engine UMP 414,417,421 is recommended to provide specialists at the service station.
Before starting the installation and secluding of the electric heater, Siberia carefully read the installation manual.
Electrically heater supply set:
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Name |
Quantity, pcs. |
Note |
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Electrically heater |
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Bracket 190. |
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Tee 1. |
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Spring puck 6. |
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Clamp S16-25 |
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Strap fastening |
L \u003d 200 mm |
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Sleeve (hose) 16 |
L \u003d 1000mm (400-600) |
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Montage Guide |
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Instruction |
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Package packaging |
Note: If necessary, the company can make it possible to make and send it necessary to mount the part.
Picture 1
Attention! The electric heater should not touch the engine and other parts of the car. The electrical heater must be installed in the vertical position by the outlet up ( see Fig.1), at the same time it is allowed insignificant (not\u003e 15 degrees) slope.
- Drop the coolant, unscrewing the drain plug of the cylinder block, clean the hole.
- Apply a sealant to the thread of the K1 / 4 fitting and screw it up instead of a drain crane ( Fig.1).
- Secure the bracket on the electrically heater bolts M6 * 45 using spring washers and nuts.
- Cut the sleeves in length: the input L \u003d 400 mm and the output L \u003d 600 mm.
- Remove the fastening bolt with the right pillow of the engine support, then the bracket with the heater to secure this bolt ( Fig.1).
- The input sleeve is to put on the compartment of K1 / 4 and connect with the inlet nozzle of the heater. Tighten the clamps ( Fig.1).
- Cut the sleeve connecting the heater radiator nozzle and the cylinder head at a distance of 60mm from the Item of the sleeve out of the hole in the body. Shorten a piece of sleeves from the crane by 25mm. Insert the tee sleeves and compact the connections, tightening the clamps ( Fig.1).
- Connect the tee and the outlet nozzle of the electro-rope with the output sleeve, tighten the clamps ( Fig.1).
- Ensure that the sleeves go on a sufficient distance from the exhaust pipe and the exhaust manifold.
- Fill the engine cooling system with coolant.
- Fix the electric pump on the car body so that there is no contact with moving and heating parts of the engine.
Preparation for work
- Check the connection for leaks.
- Run the car engine and give it to work for 5-10 minutes. Then stop the engine and when necessary add a coolant.
- Connect the electrical heater to the network.
- After 2-5 minutes of the electrical heater, check the input and output sleeves. The output sleeve should be warmer input
ATTENTION ! Operation of the electric heater can only be performed after the engine warming up the temperature of the temperature (the thermostat should be opened) and checking the efficiency of the salon heater. This must be done to eliminate air-s side in the cooling system.
