Sleeve fire trucks (AR) are specific special vehicles. They are equipped with a large number of fire pressure hoses with a diameter of 77, 110 or 150 mm. The total length of the arms reaches 2000 - 5000 m.
ARs are designed to provide a large amount of water supply over long distances, i.e. they are only used to extinguish large fires. They are used only in conjunction with fire (or other) pumping stations or tank trucks.
The specificity of AP application determines a number of special requirements. First of all, they should be built on four-wheel drive chassis, which allow you to lay hose lines while driving. ARs are equipped with devices for rolling up the sleeves and loading them into the car body. Rolled sleeves can be transported in the body or on the roof of the AP. For the safety of sleeves in the body, special ventilation is provided under the floor of the body. It is possible to ventilate the body through one of its windows.
General view of AR-2 (131) model 133 is shown in Fig. 9.4 (AR-2 (131) mod. 133: (1 - cockpit; 2 - fire monitor; 3 - basket; 4 - body; 5 - mechanism for loading rolls of sleeves; 6 - compartments with fire alarm; 7 - gas siren; 8 - The hoist is installed on the bumper of the car, designed to help cars stuck on the road, and self-ejection. The winch is driven to a special mechanism for rolling the sleeves into rolls.At the same time, using two removable devices 8 (on both sides of the car), two sleeves are rolled.
Behind the three-seater driver's cab 1 there is a fire monitor 2. The supply pipeline to it is brought out to the right side and closed with a plug. Thus, after laying the hose line with a monitor, the fire can be extinguished. On some AR monitors are portable.
On the roof of the body 4, folding handrails form a basket 3, in which part of the fire hoses can be transported after a fire.
For storage of PTV in the body, there are boxes in compartment 6. Two boxes are also located in the rear part of the body. At the rear, the body is closed with double doors. The doors of the rear drawers in the open position form a platform for laying the sleeves and lifting them into the body.
The body is equipped with quick-release struts that form vertical symmetrical sections for storing sleeves.
The sleeves are connected and laid in sections with a snake. When the AR is moving and the doors are open, the hose lines are easily laid.
Ventilation of the sleeves laid in the body is carried out through four special openings in the floor, closed with covers, as well as through a doorway or roof hatch.
The AR is equipped with a device 5 for loading rolls of sleeves into the body and a gas siren 7.
AR is completed with various equipment and tools. These include: sleeve clamps, a searchlight, coils for it and a tripod, a blowtorch and other equipment. All equipment and tools are located in the driver's cab, in 6 boxes of the body.
Currently, in service with the GPS, various AR models can be used.
* For the AR-2 (43114) model, differences from the AR-2 (4310) are indicated (in the denominator).
A number of modifications of fire fighting vehicles of communication and lighting (ASO) are operated in the State Fire Service. They are built on a GAZ or PAZ chassis of various modifications (4x2.1 or 4x4.1 chassis), the engine power of these cars is about 88.5 kW, and with a slight difference, they develop a speed of 80 - 90 km / h.
The most common are ASO-8 (66), two modifications ASO-12 (PAZ-672) and ASO-12 (66) mod.90A. The number of combat crew on them, respectively, 6, 8 and 5 people.
The machines are equipped with alternators of various power from 8 to 20 kW with a frequency of 50 Hz. Only on ASO-8 the generator produces 400 V instead of 230 V on other machines.
Lighting means (floodlights) of PKN-1500 type are the same for all ASOs. ASO-8 has two fixed and two remote spotlights. ASO-12 (66) is equipped with 5 portable floodlights, and on ASO-12 (PAZ-672) there are only 2 of them.
ASO are equipped with stationary and portable radio stations, as well as telephone sets. Their number and range are indicated in table. 10.4.
Each ASO is equipped with loudspeaker installations and reels with a trunk cable on stationary and remote reels.
According to the list of equipment, its technical characteristics in the ASO complex, a communication and lighting vehicle is distinguished - ASO-20. It is installed, like the AG-20 car, on the PAZ-3205 chassis. Combat crew for ASO-20 - 6 people.
The ASO-20 equipment is mounted in the bus cabin, which is divided into two compartments: headquarters and communications (rear). In the headquarters compartment there are two tables for the work of the fire fighting headquarters. There are telephones, tape recorder, computer, printer and other equipment on the tables.
For the work of the headquarters outside the cabin, the ASO-20 has a portable table. In the rear compartment, on tables and racks, there is equipment for the work of a radio operator and an operator: radio stations, a telephone switchboard. Loudspeaker amplifier.
Power supplies. To supply energy consumers, the ASO has a generator and a diesel power plant.
Generator GT40PCh6-2S. At 6000 rpm, it develops a power of 20 kW at a voltage of 220 V. The current is 15 A and its frequency is (400 ± 8) Hz. It is driven by the chassis engine of the base car by means of a PTO and a propeller shaft.
The ASO-20 has a 220 V 400 Hz voltage converter to a 220 V 50 Hz voltage.
Diesel power plant AD-4-230-VM1 is a backup power source for supplying voltage of 220 V 50 Hz in case of failure of the main electrical installation.
Additional storage batteries with a voltage of 12 or 24 V are designed to power the control circuits of the product circuit and communication equipment.
To recharge the accumulator batteries at the ASO, the power supply IP-220/12 is used, connected to the 220 V 50 Hz network and rectifying direct current 12 V.
Electric lighting of the fire place. It is carried out by six IO-02-1500-02 floodlights. Two of them are installed on a floodlight platform on the roof of the car and can be raised to a height of 8 m above ground level. With the help of a special electromechanical mechanism, the mast can be rotated in the horizontal plane at an angle of ± 260 °, and in the vertical plane at an angle of ± 30 °. Four floodlights can be removed from the passenger compartment and connected with cables to the power panel of the vehicle.
The floodlights are powered by an alternating current of 200 V, a frequency of 400 Hz. The power consumed by one generator is 1.5 kW.
ASO-20 is equipped with powerful radio and telephone communications. The number of devices installed on the car and their range are given in table. 10.5.
Additional equipment consists of a number of devices. FG-119 fog lights are installed on the ASO front bumper. They are intended for use when driving ACO in fog.
Search lights FG-16K are designed to illuminate the workplace at night. One of them is installed above the driver's cab, and the second is on the rear wall of the ACO.
The ASO-20 has a universal set of the UKI-12 tool. It is designed for opening and dismantling building structures in a fire. It includes cutters, crowbars for various purposes, hooks, etc. (10 items in total).
ASO-20 in the units of the GPS can be supplemented with various power tools, electric choppers, an electric saw, a smoke exhauster, etc. with electric motors 220 V and 400 Hz.
Cable reels. A stationary cable reel with a trunk cable for powering remote spotlights, remote from the ASO at a distance of up to 96 m.
The ASO also includes four portable coils for powering power consumers, remote from the ASO at a distance of up to 36 m. Two cables are designed to provide power to portable floodlights. The other two cables can be used as extension cables.
During combat deployment, junction boxes (RC) are connected to the cables, from which consumers are powered.
When the generator is operating, the ASO must be grounded. The copper ground wire is 20 m long and 10 mm 2.
A schematic diagram of a combat deployment is presented at
rice. 10.9. Other options are also possible. In this case, two requirements must be met. First, the total power of all consumers should not exceed the power of the generator. Secondly, the distribution of the load along the lines on the output board should be uniform and not exceed 6 kW with the floodlights on the mast turned on.
The ASO-20 equipment allows power supply of lighting devices, operational communication equipment and special equipment. It ensures the functioning of forces and means when they are controlled in a fire.
PA repair.
Repair is a set of operations to restore the working condition of fire trucks and ensure their trouble-free operation.
It can be performed on demand or after a certain mileage.
Repairs associated with disassembly or replacement of units and assemblies should be carried out, as a rule, based on the results of preliminary diagnostics.
In accordance with the purpose and nature of the work performed, the repair of fire trucks is divided into the following types:
· For cars: current, average and capital;
· For units: current and capital.
Fire truck repair
The current repair of a fire truck is carried out to ensure a working condition by restoring or replacing individual units (including one main one), assemblies and parts (except for basic ones), as well as carrying out the necessary adjusting, fastening, welding, plumbing and mechanical and other repair work.
The current repair of the unit consists in its partial disassembly, replacement or repair of individual worn out and damaged mechanisms, parts (except for the basic ones) and carrying out the necessary adjusting, fastening and other repair work.
Routine repairs of a fire engine or a separate unit are carried out according to the needs identified during operation (at the request of drivers) or during control examinations.
Current repairs should ensure the trouble-free operation of the repaired units, assemblies and parts until the next TO-2.
Medium repair of a fire engine is designed to restore the working condition by performing more complex and time-consuming operations.
In this case, as a rule, it is provided for the replacement of an engine requiring major repairs, repair or replacement of individual units (including two to four main ones), body painting and other repair work.
Overhaul of a fire engine consists in its complete disassembly, replacement or overhaul of most units, mechanisms, instruments and worn parts, assembly and testing of the car in accordance with the technical conditions for overhaul production.
Overhaul of a fire engine is assigned if:
· Body, cabin, tank, fire pump and at least two main units of the base chassis require major overhaul;
· Its technical condition, assessed by the results of diagnostics, is unsatisfactory (a decrease in dynamic properties, power, an increase in the consumption of fuels and lubricants and spare parts).
Repair of fire engine units
The unit is sent for overhaul if:
· Basic and main parts require repair with complete disassembly of the unit;
· The performance of the unit cannot be restored or its restoration is not economically feasible during the current repair.
The main method of repair is the aggregate method, in which faulty units and mechanisms on the car being repaired are replaced with new or repaired ones taken from the revolving fund.
The aggregate method is used in cases where the labor intensity of work to eliminate the malfunction exceeds the labor intensity of work on removing the unit requiring repair and installing a repaired or new unit.
In the absence of a revolving fund, it is allowed to use an individual repair method, in which the faulty unit is removed, repaired and installed on the same car. The parts of the unit being repaired are not depersonalized and are installed on the same unit.
The need for overhaul or medium repairs is determined by a commission consisting of representatives of the department (department, group) of fire fighting equipment and communications of the GUGPS, UGPS, the vehicle department, the head of the department from which the car is presented, the senior driver (driver).
The statement of a fire engine for repair is documented by an act of delivery (issue).
In the event of a fire engine breakdown, an official investigation is appointed to establish the reasons and take action against the perpetrators.
The technical condition of the fire engine, units or assemblies handed over for overhaul, and the quality of its implementation must comply with the requirements of the regulatory documentation for overhaul.
The planning of repairs of fire trucks is carried out by the department (department, group) of fire fighting equipment and communications of the GUGPS, UGPS. At the same time, their number and labor costs are planned.
The schedule of repairs of vehicles and assemblies is drawn up one month before the beginning of the planned year, signed by the head of the department (department, group) of fire fighting equipment and communications, and approved by the head of the GUGPS, UGPS.
It is allowed to draw up a single schedule for maintenance and repair.
Extracts from the schedule are sent to the departments whose cars are to be repaired.
Before developing a repair schedule, it is necessary to prepare data on the mileage, the time of the last repair or maintenance, the technical condition of the fire truck.
Adjustment of the mileage standards before the overhaul of fire trucks is carried out depending on the operating conditions.
The fire truck is sent for repairs to a detachment (unit, post) of the technical service according to the annual schedule. An act of delivery (issue) is drawn up for the fire engine.
Automobiles (units) handed over for repair to the vehicle department, in terms of their technical condition and completeness, must comply with the requirements of the normative and technical documentation for the repair of vehicles.
It is prohibited to dismantle fire-fighting vehicles (units) or replace their components and parts with unusable ones.
Fire-fighting vehicles handed over for overhaul, regardless of the method of delivery, must be in a condition that ensures their movement under their own power (except for emergency vehicles), provided that their technical condition ensures traffic safety.
The head of the subdivision is responsible for the inconsistency of the technical condition and incompleteness of the machines (units) being handed over for repair to the requirements of the normative and technical documentation, as well as for the delay in their delivery.
The downtime of a fire engine in an average repair should not exceed 30 calendar days, and in a major one - 60 days. If, within the specified period, the delivery of the car (unit) to the customer is not made, the head of the detachment (unit, post) of the technical service reports this to the department (department, group) of fire equipment and communications of the GUGPS, UGPS for making a decision.
The repaired fire truck is subjected to diagnostics (if there is a diagnostic post) or tests:
· Car - with a mileage of 2 - 5 km;
· Unit - work for 0.5 hours.
After repair, the fire truck is received by the head of the unit and the senior driver (driver) according to the act of delivery (issue).
The delivery of the car (unit) from repair is carried out according to the act of delivery (issue) of the fire engine (unit). When the number units are replaced during the repair process, their numbers are indicated in the vehicle delivery (issue) act, on the basis of which the traffic police make changes to the registration documents.
A corresponding entry is made on the carried out maintenance and repair of the vehicle in its form, which is certified by the signature of the head of the vehicle department and the seal.
The vehicle division fills the issued vehicle with lubricants and special fluids according to the established standards.
The head of the vehicle department is responsible for the quality of the performed maintenance and repair work.
Before being put on combat duty, a fire engine must be run-in:
· After overhaul - 400 km mileage and operation of special units lasting 2 hours;
· After average and current repairs (with replacement or overhaul of one of the main units) - 150 km mileage and the operation of a special unit lasting up to 2 hours.
Major fire trucks fall into two specific subcategories: general purpose fire trucks and targeted fire trucks.
Fire fighting vehicles for general use.
These cars include tank trucks, auto pumps, and first aid vehicles.
Tank trucks are equipped with special fluid tanks and pumps. This special equipment is used to transport fire-extinguishing substances, various devices and equipment directly to the place of fire. Water or foam can be used as the extinguishing liquid.
Tank trucks are the most common type of fire fighting equipment. There are several types of matching fire trucks:
- lightweight, the capacity of which does not exceed 2000 liters. An example of such a vehicle is a tank truck of the АЦ30 (53А) brand;
- medium, the capacity of which is 2-4 cubic meters. An example of such vehicles are tanks of grades АЦ30 (130), АЦ40 (375);
- heavy, the capacity of which exceeds 4 cubic meters.
It is worth noting that tankers are made on the basis of ZIL vehicles (the volume of the water tank is 3.5 m3, the volume of the foaming agent is 210 liters, the pump capacity is 40 liters per second). Also used are KamAZ vehicles (water tank - 5m3, foaming agent 350l, pump capacity - 40l / s) and Ural (water tank volume - 15m3, foaming agent - 900l, pump capacity - 100l / s).
Auto pumps have a design similar to tank trucks. However, they are equipped with a large number of appropriate equipment. Also, the installations are equipped with enlarged containers for the transportation of the foaming agent. Such cars are used together with the AC or independently. Most often, such vehicles are performed on the basis of the KamAZ chassis. In this case, the diameter of the sleeve through which the extinguishing substance is supplied can be 51 or 77 millimeters. The total length of sleeves on a car can be 3500-5000 meters. The pump capacity is 100 liters per second.
First aid vehicles are used for the prompt delivery of crews, small-sized equipment and fire-extinguishing substances to the fire site. With the help of these vehicles, the fire is localized until the arrival of more powerful equipment. First aid vehicles based on the GAZ chassis are being executed. At the same time, the volume of the water tank is 500 liters, the volume of the foaming agent is 50 liters, and the pump capacity is 0.8 l / s.
Targeted fire vehicles.
Foam extinguishing installations. This special equipment is used to deliver extinguishing substances, equipment and accessories to the fire site. These machines differ from tank trucks by the presence of two portable devices that provide lifting of foam generators to a certain height (up to thirteen meters). Also, such a structure may include the following units and devices:
- stationary fire monitor (combined);
- two dispensing inserts;
- foam generators (six pieces).
The technique is performed on the basis of the Ural chassis. The volume of the container for the transportation of the foaming agent is 180 liters. Pump capacity - 2400 l / s.
Powder extinguishing installations. This special equipment is used to eliminate fires at various industrial facilities (oil refineries, chemical industry, nuclear power). Such vehicles were discontinued in 1986, however, in some fire departments they are still used today.
Gas extinguishing installations. This type of technique is used to extinguish burning electrical equipment that is energized. Also, appropriate vehicles are used to extinguish fires in archives and museums. With the help of these units, it is possible to extinguish flammable and combustible liquids spilled on the surface or in tanks.
Such special equipment is carried out on the basis of the ZIL, KamAZ, Ural chassis. The main functional mechanism of the car is the installation of gas extinguishing. Also in the design of the vehicle there are cylinders with carbon dioxide. The extinguishing agent is supplied through a special barrel.
Gas-water extinguishing vehicles. This technique is equipped with a turbojet engine. Thanks to this, a powerful gas flow is created, which has a high coefficient of kinetic energy. Such machines are used to extinguish gas and oil fountains. Cars are created on the basis of the KamAZ chassis. The capacity of the pump supplying the gas-water mixture is 150 liters per second.
Combined extinguishing installations. Such special equipment provides a consistent supply of special foam and OPS directly to the fire site. The complete set of the corresponding machines is determined by the type of the base chassis and the installation of the superstructure.
The vehicle can be executed on the KamAZ chassis. The volume of the water tank is 6m3. The mass of extinguishing powder is 1000 kilograms. Pump capacity - 80 l / s.
Aerodrome cars. This technique is used in the rescue of crews and passengers of air transport, as well as in the elimination of fires in air transport and the consequences of related accidents. Airfield vehicles are divided into two types:
- starting cars located directly near the runways. An example of such a technique is the AA40 (131) vehicle based on the ZIL chassis;
- the main vehicles located in the fire department. An example of such a machine is a car model AA60 (7310), made on the basis of MAZ.
Also, aerodrome fire-fighting equipment can be executed on the KamAZ chassis. The vehicle has a pump capacity of 40 liters per second. The volume of the water tank is 5m3. The mass of transported carbon dioxide is 50 kilograms.
Pumping stations. This technique is used to supply fluid through highways to mobile trunks or fire engines. Pumping stations are carried out on the ZIL chassis, as well as on trailers. The pump capacity of such installations is 110 liters per second.
Special fire trucks
This group of machines includes the following vehicles:
Sleeve car. The technique is used to transport a certain number of hoses to the place of fire or to lay highways on the go. The vehicles are carried out on the basis of the ZIL chassis. The number of transported sleeves depends on their diameter.
The speed of laying out the hoses in one line is 9 kilometers per hour.
Lighting and communication machines. The technique is used to illuminate the area near a burning object. In addition, the units make it possible to establish a full-fledged connection between the working brigade and the central headquarters. An example of such a machine is the ASO12 (66) 90A unit. The power of the generator of special equipment is 12 kW. The set includes radio stations (portable stationary), loudspeaker, telephone, searchlight. The installation was mounted on the GAZ chassis.
Fire ladders. The devices are used to lift fire service personnel to the upper floors. The classification of these machines is carried out taking into account the length of the ladder itself and the type of drive michanism:
- short ladder. An example is a car AL18 (52A) L2. Length - no more than 20 meters;
- medium ladder. An example is a car AL30 (131) L21. Length - up to 30 meters;
- long ladder. An example is a car AL45 (257) PM109. Length - 30 meters or more.
Ladder drives are electric, hydraulic, mechanical, combined.
Auxiliary fire trucks
This group of fire trucks includes cars that are used to transport staff from headquarters and units. Also included are cargo vehicles, often used to transport a variety of inventory, valuables and other things. In addition, auxiliary special equipment includes fuel trucks, mobile workshops, mobile laboratories, truck cranes, excavators and tractors, as well as other vehicles.
Submitted by: Ellada
Appointment: To illuminate the place of work of fire departments at the scene of a fire (accident), to provide communication with the central point, power supply of various equipment and rescue tools. Also ASO is the headquarters for firefighting.
ASO fire truck made on the chassis of a KAMAZ vehicle, in an isothermal van made of five-layer sandwich panels SUPERTERM®, for operation at an air temperature of -40 ° C ... + 40 ° C, equipped with a power plant (ESU), special equipment, fire-fighting equipment (PTV) and rescue tools and equipment (ASIO).
It can be installed on the chassis of domestic and imported vehicles (KamAZ, URAL, GAZ, MAZ, MAN, Mercedes, Volvo, IVECO, Ford, etc.).
The ASO fire truck has prepared documents for registration with the traffic police and a Vehicle Type Approval Certificate, as well as a Permit for the transportation of a crew of up to 6 people.
Salon of the combat crew of the ASO fire truck consists of two parts and provides accommodation for 6 people (including the driver). The front part of the cabin - standard chassis cab(driver's cab), rear - passenger compartment body. A single cabin space for free visual and speech contact of the driver, crew commander and crew members is provided through an opening in the adjacent walls of the standard chassis and body cab. The salon is equipped with places for equipment, which is placed ergonomically, there are no sharp corners and edges that could injure a combat crew. Fixing the equipment excludes the possibility of its spontaneous movement while driving.
Cargo compartment of the ASO Fire Truck is a separate closed room in which racks are installed to accommodate special equipment of PTV and ASIO. Additional lights are available to illuminate the workspace.
All equipment has convenient quick-release locks, and its arrangement is made taking into account the requirements of ergonomics. The fastening of all equipment and tools is made in a way that excludes its movement and interference with the driver and the combat crew while driving, as well as during emergency emergencies.
Floor and rear cargo compartment door the inside of the body is covered with corrugated aluminum, which is non-slip and non-corrosive.
ESU with a power of 16 kW with a drive from the engine chassis of the vehicle is designed to supply power to remote spotlights and power tools.
ASO is equipped trunk cable reel with a cable length of 100 m and a switchboard with a sealed closing hatch located outside the vehicle. The switchboard provides connection of additional electrical consumers through three 220V and one 380V connectors, as well as the connection of ASO to city power grids.
To provide illumination of the working area ASO is equipped with LED external lights. An 8m high pneumatic lighting mast with remote control can be installed, consisting of a telescopic retractable part, twin floodlights and a control panel. The floodlights are controlled from a control panel installed in the rear wall of the body.
On the roof of the ASO Fire Truck there are stationary loudspeakers... Remote loudspeakers are placed on racks in the cargo compartment, they are provided for their connection to the switchboard on the ASO body.
ASO installed set of onboard navigation and communication equipment, computer facilities, radio communication and wire telephone communication, sound recording and sound amplification equipment.
For additional information, please contact the specialists of LLC "MPZ"
A number of modifications of fire fighting vehicles of communication and lighting (ASO) are operated in the State Fire Service. They are built on a GAZ or PAZ chassis of various modifications (4x2.1 or 4x4.1 chassis), the engine power of these cars is about 88.5 kW, and with a slight difference, they develop a speed of 80 - 90 km / h.
The most common are ASO-8 (66), two modifications ASO-12 (PAZ-672) and ASO-12 (66) mod.90A. The number of combat crew on them, respectively, 6, 8 and 5 people.
The machines are equipped with alternators of various power from 8 to 20 kW with a frequency of 50 Hz. Only on ASO-8 the generator produces 400 V instead of 230 V on other machines.
Lighting means (floodlights) of PKN-1500 type are the same for all ASOs. ASO-8 has two fixed and two remote spotlights. ASO-12 (66) is equipped with 5 portable floodlights, and on ASO-12 (PAZ-672) there are only 2 of them.
ASO are equipped with stationary and portable radio stations, as well as telephone sets. Their number and range are indicated in table. 10.4.
Table 10.4
Each ASO is equipped with loudspeaker installations and reels with a trunk cable on stationary and remote reels.
According to the list of equipment, its technical characteristics in the ASO complex, a communication and lighting vehicle is distinguished - ASO-20. It is installed, like the AG-20 car, on the PAZ-3205 chassis. Combat crew for ASO-20 - 6 people.
The ASO-20 equipment is mounted in the bus cabin, which is divided into two compartments: headquarters and communications (rear). In the headquarters compartment there are two tables for the work of the fire fighting headquarters. There are telephones, tape recorder, computer, printer and other equipment on the tables.
For the work of the headquarters outside the cabin, the ASO-20 has a portable table. In the rear compartment, on tables and racks, there is equipment for the work of a radio operator and an operator: radio stations, a telephone switchboard. Loudspeaker amplifier.
Power supplies. To supply energy consumers, the ASO has a generator and a diesel power plant.
Generator GT40PCh6-2S. At 6000 rpm, it develops a power of 20 kW at a voltage of 220 V. The current is 15 A and its frequency is (400 ± 8) Hz. It is driven by the chassis engine of the base car by means of a PTO and a propeller shaft.
The ASO-20 has a 220 V 400 Hz voltage converter to a 220 V 50 Hz voltage.
Diesel power plant AD-4-230-VM1 is a backup power source for supplying voltage of 220 V 50 Hz in case of failure of the main electrical installation.
Additional storage batteries with a voltage of 12 or 24 V are designed to power the control circuits of the product circuit and communication equipment.
To recharge the accumulator batteries at the ASO, the power supply IP-220/12 is used, connected to the 220 V 50 Hz network and rectifying direct current 12 V.
Electric lighting of the fire place. It is carried out by six IO-02-1500-02 floodlights. Two of them are installed on a floodlight platform on the roof of the car and can be raised to a height
8 m above ground level. With the help of a special electromechanical mechanism, the mast can be rotated in the horizontal plane at an angle of ± 260 °, and in the vertical plane at an angle of ± 30 °. Four floodlights can be removed from the passenger compartment and connected with cables to the power panel of the vehicle.
The floodlights are powered by an alternating current of 200 V, a frequency of 400 Hz. The power consumed by one generator is 1.5 kW.
ASO-20 is equipped with powerful radio and telephone communications. The number of devices installed on the car and their range are given in table. 10.5.
Table 10.5
Additional equipment consists of a number of devices. FG-119 fog lights are installed on the ASO front bumper. They are intended for use when driving ACO in fog.
Search lights FG-16K are designed to illuminate the workplace at night. One of them is installed above the driver's cab, and the second is on the rear wall of the ACO.
The ASO-20 has a universal set of the UKI-12 tool. It is designed for opening and dismantling building structures in a fire. It includes cutters, crowbars for various purposes, hooks, etc. (10 items in total).
ASO-20 in the units of the GPS can be supplemented with various power tools, electric choppers, an electric saw, a smoke exhauster, etc. with electric motors 220 V and 400 Hz.
Cable reels. A stationary cable reel with a trunk cable for powering remote spotlights, remote from the ASO at a distance of up to 96 m.
The ASO also includes four portable coils for powering power consumers, remote from the ASO at a distance of up to 36 m. Two cables are designed to provide power to portable floodlights. The other two cables can be used as extension cables.
During combat deployment, junction boxes (RC) are connected to the cables, from which consumers are powered.
When the generator is operating, the ASO must be grounded. The copper ground wire is 20 m long and 10 mm 2.
A schematic diagram of a combat deployment is presented at
rice. 10.9. Other options are also possible. In this case, two requirements must be met. First, the total power of all consumers should not exceed the power of the generator. Secondly, the distribution of the load along the lines on the output board should be uniform and not exceed 6 kW with the floodlights on the mast turned on.
The ASO-20 equipment allows power supply of lighting devices, operational communication equipment and special equipment. It ensures the functioning of forces and means when they are controlled in a fire.
Command vehicles
Command vehicles (ASh) are intended for delivery to the place of fire of the fire extinguishing service and a set of communication means and special equipment. On their basis, the work of the fire extinguishing headquarters is organized.
ASh are built on all-wheel drive or non-all-wheel drive chassis (Fig. 10.10). In their salons there are stationary and portable work tables for 5 - 6 people, RPE equipment, fire-fighting equipment for various purposes (a set of locksmith and trench tools, overalls, etc.) and communication equipment. Some equipment is presented in table. 10.6.
A variant of the ASh combat deployment is shown in Fig. 10.11.
Different ASh models can be equipped in different ways. So, on ASh-6 (3205), one portable tape recorder and a Stal sound amplifier are additionally installed. The complete set includes two group and four individual lamps and other equipment. To increase the communication range, a telescopic mast is installed on the vehicle, which allows the equipment to be raised by 12 m. The ASh-5 (on the GAZ-27057 chassis) has a set of rescue equipment, a hand winch, and a towing cable.
Communication and lighting fire truck ASO-12 (66) -YAOA
The communication and lighting vehicle ASO-12 (66) -90A (Fig.10.17) is designed to illuminate the place of work of fire departments in a fire, to provide communication between the fire extinguishing headquarters and the central point of fire communication (CPPS) and serves to deliver a combat crew and a set of tools to the site fire. Upon arrival at the site of the fire, it is a power plant that provides electricity to lighting, communication and power tools, as well as the location of the headquarters for extinguishing the fire.
Rice. 10.17. Communication and lighting fire truck ASO-12 (66) -90A
The car is designed for operation in areas with a temperate climate at an ambient temperature of -35 to +35 ° C. The communication and lighting vehicle is mounted on the GAZ-66-01 chassis. Behind the driver's cab there is a three-seater crew cabin and a body in which special equipment is located.
The crew cabin is welded, made on bent profiles, sheathed with a thin metal sheet. The cabin is lined with cardboard inside. Along the entire width of the crew cabin, there is a table on which communication equipment and a three-seater seat are installed, in the stand of which special equipment and a heater 015 are located. A gas siren is installed to give an audible alarm, operating from the exhaust gases of a car engine.
A car body is installed behind the cabin of the combat crew to accommodate special equipment and tools.
Rice. 10.18. Car lighting generator drive circuit:
1 - power take-off; 2 - cardan shaft; 3 - intermediate support; 4 - V-belt; 5 - generator
The body is made of metal profiles, sheathed on the outside with a metal sheet. There are five doors in the body for removing and installing equipment. An electric power plant is located in the body of the car, consisting of a generator, a frequency converter, cable lines and control and regulatory equipment. The generator drive (Fig.10.18) is carried out using an additional transmission, consisting of a power take-off, a propeller shaft, an intermediate support and V-belts. The PTO activation drive is carried out from the driver's cab using a lever. PTO is installed on the side hatch of the transfer case, power take-off is made from the gear wheel of the input shaft. The gear engagement is regulated by spacers between the box bodies.
The electric power plant is started from the driver's cab, in which the generator installation rheostat, excitation buttons, and necessary instruments are located.
A power shield is installed in the opening of the right side door of the body. It contains: a voltmeter, a frequency meter, with the help of which the operation of the generator is monitored, as well as ammeters for monitoring the current in the circuit. To connect power and lighting equipment with a frequency of 50 and 200 Hz, sockets are installed.
The generator is mounted on an oscillating frame. The tensioning of the belts is carried out by changing the angle of inclination of the frame using bolts and nuts. The V-belt drive is protected from dirt and moisture by a metal casing, which is attached to the body floor and intermediate support, as well as a guard.
To maintain the rated engine speed when the load on the generator changes, the communication and lighting (ACO) vehicle has an additional engine throttle control.
Additional control consists of a control panel and a flexible cable in the sheath loop. On the control panel there is a gas control knob, as well as indicators of critical values of water temperatures in the radiator and oil pressure in the engine, which are FIM1-K lights, which light up when critical values are reached.
The flexible cable at one end is connected to the throttle control stick, the other to the bracket, which is connected to the throttle valve control system on the car.
At the ASO, the Palma 57R1 and 57RZ radio stations are installed, which are intended for two-way communication about TsG1PS, as well as with subdivisions in the event of a fire. The radio station (57R1) consists of a control panel mounted on a table in the crew cabin, a power supply unit and a transceiver mounted on a frame. The 57RZ radio station differs from the 57R1 radio station by the presence of two control panels, one of which is installed in the driver's cab.
To carry out short-term loud directional transmission at a distance of 200-300 m, there is a GU-20M loudspeaker installation, consisting of a pre-amplifier, two finished amplifiers mounted on a bracket, and two loudspeakers mounted on a rotary device together with a roof floodlight. Electromagnetic laryngophones LEM-3 (placed in the table) and microphones DEMSh-1A (in the driver's cabin) are used as a broadcast source for the loudspeaker installation. The car is also equipped with two external microphones and coils with a cable for the microphones, which allows transmitting at a distance of up to 50 m from the car. Two remote loudspeakers GR-1 can be connected to the loudspeaker installation at a distance of up to 2000 m from the car. Telephone sets of the TA-68 brand, installed on the table in the crew cabin, can be connected to the city telephone network, for which there are two coils with a telephone cable 200 m long.Connection of external loudspeakers and microphones, as well as connection of telephone sets to the city telephone network carried out on the line communication board.
An antenna device is installed on the roof of the ASO body, designed to raise the radio station antenna. It consists of a two-knee folding mast mounted on an articulated support. To fix the mast in working position, there is a lock and three bores, one of them has a tensioner. The antennas are installed on a traverse that rotates 90 ° and is fixed in extreme positions, which allows you to work with antennas both when the mast is raised and lowered. There are clamps for fixing. On the mast there is also a lantern and brackets for attaching the flag designating the location of the fire extinguishing headquarters.
To illuminate the place of work of fire departments, the car is equipped with four remote and one stationary PKN-1500 projectors.
In addition to communication and lighting equipment, the car is equipped with a special power tool (electric smoke exhauster, electric hammer, circular saw). To connect power tools and remote spotlights, the car is equipped with twelve coils with a power cable and two splitter boxes. In addition to the main electrical equipment available on the GAZ-66 chassis, the following electrical equipment was installed at the ASO: flashing beacons on the roof of the driver's cab, lampshades for lighting the body compartments and the crew cabin, cartridges with incandescent lamps on the linear shield for lighting it, a socket in the left doorway body for connecting a portable lamp. A lamp is installed on the antenna mast to indicate the place of work of the headquarters in a fire. All consumers are powered by 12 V direct current.
The following safety measures must be observed when working at the ASO:
1) only persons who have permission to work with electric power installations, who have undergone safety instructions, who have studied the technical description and the rules "Safety in electrical installations" are allowed to work on the car;
2) the operation of power tools and portable floodlights must be carried out in accordance with the "Rules for the technical operation of electrical installations of consumers", approved by the State Energy Supervision Authority;
3) rubber dielectric devices (boots, gloves, rugs), special fitter's tools with insulated handles must be periodically tested within the timeframes provided for in the "Fundamentals of Safety in Electrical Installations";
4) before starting the generator set, it is necessary to ground the car body and check the operation of the protective-disconnecting devices by creating a current leakage to the body (by pressing the "control" button on each protective-disconnecting device). During the operation of the electric power plant, its inclusion, shutdown and adjustment must be carried out using protective equipment (dielectric gloves, boots, rugs).
TO Category: - Fire trucks
