Electrical circuit of the car Niva. Electrical circuit of the car Niva Electrical wiring diagram in the VAZ 2121

Description
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1 - side direction indicators;
2 - front lights;
3 - headlights;
4 - electric motors of headlight cleaners;
5 - sound signals;
6 - relay for switching on the cleaners and headlight washer;
7 - relay for switching on the dipped headlights;
8 - relay for turning on the high beam headlights;
9 - windshield washer motor;
10 - sensor of insufficient level of brake fluid;
11 - portable lamp socket;
12 - sensor of the control lamp of oil pressure;
13 - oil pressure indicator sensor;
14 - gauge for the coolant temperature gauge;
15 - ignition distributor;
16 - spark plugs;
17 - wiper motor;
18 - ignition coil;
19 - generator;
20 - carburetor shut-off valve;
21 - starter;
22 - headlight washer electric motor;
23 - voltage regulator;
24 - battery charge indicator lamp relay;
25 - storage battery;
26 - wiper relay;
27 - additional fuse box;
28 - main fuse box;
29 - switch of the parking brake warning lamp;
30 - differential lock warning lamp switch;
31 - reverse light switch;
32 - switch of the control lamp of the carburetor air damper;
33 - brake light switch;
34 - heater electric motor;
35 - relay-interrupter of direction indicators and alarm;
36 - additional resistor of the heater electric motor;
37 - instrument lighting switch;
38 - headlight switch;
39 - turn signal switch;
40 - sound signal switch;
41 - wiper switch;
42 - windshield washer switch;
43 - ignition switch;
44 - outdoor lighting switch;
45 - heater switch;
46 - switch for cleaners and headlight washers;
47 - cigarette lighter;
41 - alarm switch;
49 - light switches located in door racks;
50 - oil pressure indicator with insufficient pressure control lamp;
51 - fuel level indicator with fuel reserve indicator lamp;
52 - tachometer;
53 - control lamp of the parking brake;
54 - control lamp of the battery charge;
55 - control lamp of the carburetor air damper;
56 - speedometer;
57 - control lamp for outdoor lighting;
58 - indicator lamp for direction indicators;
59 - control lamp for high beam headlights;
60 - relay-interrupter of the parking brake warning lamp;
61 - control lamp for brake fluid level;
62 - differential lock control lamp;
63 - coolant temperature gauge;
64 - plafonds;
65 - sensor of the level indicator and fuel reserve;
66 - rear lights;
67 - license plate lights.

Description

The electrical equipment of the Niva 2121 is made according to a single-wire scheme: the negative terminals of the sources and consumers of electricity are connected to the "ground" - the body and the main units of the car, which serve as the second wire. The on-board network of the Niva 2121 is of direct current with a rated voltage of 12 V. When the engine is not running, all consumers are powered by a storage battery, and after starting the engine - from an alternator with a built-in rectifier and an electronic voltage regulator. The battery is charged during operation.

Most electrical circuits are fused... Electric motors of VAZ 2121 gearmotors (windshield wipers, tailgate glass, headlights - if installed) are protected by automatic reusable bimetallic fuses. The power supply circuit of the injection system is protected by a fuse-link made of a wire with a conductor of reduced cross-section (1 mm2). The circuits for charging the storage battery, ignition, starting the engine, the "generator - ignition switch - fuse box" circuit are not protected. Powerful consumers (starter, headlights, electric motors of the Niva 2131 cooling fans, electric fuel pump, etc.) are connected via a relay.

The fuses are grouped in two fuse boxes located on the left under the instrument panel. The rating of the fuses and the circuits they protect are shown in the table.

Fuses for the VAZ 2131 injection system are located in a separate block on the left sidewall under the dashboard.

A 30 A fuse protects the power supply circuit of the radiator fans, and three 15 A fuses protect the electric fuel pump, the control unit (constant power input) and the main relay circuit of the injection system, respectively (see also Niva 2121 injection engine control system).

When repairing the electrical system, disconnect the "minus" terminal of the storage battery (with the engine off).

Before installing a new fuse to replace the blown one, find out and eliminate the cause of the blown.

Do not use oversized or homemade fuses as this could result in a fire.

Due to the danger of short circuits, do not pry open fuses with metal tools (screwdrivers) unless the corresponding circuits are de-energized.

Average rating: 5,00 (4 out of 5)

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Conventional graphic symbols on the diagram

1. Side direction indicators.
2. Front lights.
3. Headlights.
4. Electric motors for headlight cleaners.
5. Sound signals.
6. Relay for inclusion of cleaners and headlight washers.
7. Relay for dipped headlights.
8. Relay for high beam headlights.
9. Headlight washer motor.
10. Sensor of insufficient level of brake fluid.
11. Portable lamp socket
12. Oil pressure warning lamp sensor.
13. Oil pressure indicator sensor.
14. Sensor of the index of temperature of a cooling liquid.
15. Ignition distributor.
16. Spark plugs.
17. Electric motors for the wiper.
18. Ignition coil.
19. Generator.
20. Carburetor stop valve.
21. Starter.
22. Windshield washer motor.
23. Voltage regulator.
24. Relay of a control lamp of a charge of the storage battery.
25. Storage battery.
26. Wiper relay.
27. Additional fuse box.
28. Main fuse box.
29. Parking brake warning lamp switch.
30. Differential lock warning lamp switch.
31. Reverse light switch.
32. Switch of the control lamp of the air damper of the carburetor.
33. Brake light switch.
34. Heater electric motor.
35. Relay-interrupter for direction indicators and alarm.
36. Additional resistor of the heater electric motor.
37. Switch for lighting devices.
38. Headlight switch.
39. Direction indicator switch.
40. Switch of sound signals.
41. Wiper switch.
42. Windshield washer switch.
43. Ignition switch.
44. Outdoor lighting switch.
45. Heater switch.
46. \u200b\u200bSwitch for cleaners and headlight washers.
47. Cigarette lighter.
48. Alarm switch.
49. Light switches located in the door racks.
50. Oil pressure indicator with underpressure indicator lamp.
51. Fuel level indicator with fuel reserve indicator lamp.
52. Tachometer.
53. Control lamp of the parking brake.
54. Control lamp of the storage battery charge.
55. Control lamp of the carburetor air damper.
56. Speedometer.
57. Control lamp for outdoor lighting.
58. Control lamp of direction indicators.
59. A control lamp of a high beam of headlights.
60. Relay-interrupter of the parking brake warning lamp.
61. Control lamp for brake fluid level.
62. Differential lock control lamp.
63. Coolant temperature gauge.
64. Plafonds.
65. Sensor for level indicator and fuel reserve.
66. Rear lights.
67. License plate lights.

Scanned Invisible (2121). Text prepared by ALER

1. Front lights; 2. Lights; 3. Electric motors for headlight cleaners; 4. Sound signal; 5. Headlight washer motor; 6. Windshield washer motor; 7. Generator; 8. Side direction indicators; 9. Rechargeable battery; 10. Heater electric motor; 11. Additional resistor of the heater electric motor; 12. Relay-interrupter of the windshield wiper; 13. Starter; 14. Windshield wiper motor; 15. Carburetor limit switch; 16. Solenoid valve of the carburetor; 17. Control unit for the carburetor solenoid valve; 18. Switch; 19. Spark plugs; 20. Ignition distributor sensor; 21. Oil pressure warning lamp sensor; 22. Temperature gauge sensor; 23. Plug socket for portable lamp; 24. Ignition coil; 25. Sensor control lamp of level of brake fluid; 26. Relay for inclusion of cleaners and headlight washers; 27. Rear window heating relay; 28. Relay for high beam headlights; 29. Relay for dipped headlights; 30. Ignition ON relay; 31. Starter relay; 32. Differential lock warning lamp switch; 33. Outdoor lighting switch; 34. Cigarette lighter; 35. Brake light switch; 36. Reverse light switch; 37. Relay-interrupter of direction indicators and alarm; 38. Main fuse box; 39. Additional fuse box; 40. Illumination lamps for heater control levers; 41. Switch for rear fog light; 42. Rear window heating switch; 43. Heater motor switch; 44. Rear window washer and wiper switch; 45. Alarm switch; 46. \u200b\u200bIgnition switch; 47. Control lamp of the carburetor air damper; 48. Switch for lighting devices; 49. Steering column three-lever switch; 50. Switch of the control lamp of the air damper of the carburetor; 51. Rear window washer motor; 52. Light switches located in the door racks; 53. Interior lighting plafonds; 54. Instrument cluster; 55. License plate lights; 56. Parking brake warning lamp switch; 57. Sensor for level indicator and fuel reserve; 58. Rear lights; 59. Rear window wiper motor; 60. Rear window heating element.

A. The order of the conditional numbering of the plugs in the pads of the three-lever switch.

Correct operation of a car engine is possible only when the electrical and equipment are in working order. Wiring faults can make it impossible to drive a car, especially when it comes to domestic cars. Let us examine what the VAZ 2121 wiring diagram is and what is the difference between the network in carburetor and injection cars.

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Differences in electrical circuits

Depending on the car model, the wiring diagrams may differ from each other.

Index notation

As evidenced by the index in the model name:

21213. This is a car equipped with a carburetor power unit. The engine displacement is 1.7 liters. Cars with this index can be equipped with a 1.8-liter internal combustion engine.
21214 and 212140. These models use the same engine with the same displacement, but the vehicle is equipped with a fuel injection system.
21215. This model of domestic cars was developed for export, mainly such cars were sold abroad. In contrast to vehicles produced for the CIS countries, 21215 were equipped with diesel engines from the manufacturer Citroen.
21073. The main difference lies in the presence of an injector engine with injectors, but the same model can be equipped with Solex carburetor units. The difference in the electrical circuit also lies in the use of BSZ - contactless ignition.
2131 and 21310. These models can be equipped with different engines, but their main difference from others is in the elongated five-door body.

The Nivovodstvo channel in its video showed how you can make additional mass in the power grid of a Niva car.

The main differences

What is the difference between the electrical circuits of the old and the new model in the models:

In Niva 21213, a mounting block of fuses is installed, which use devices on legs. The working platform of the block has changed.
The difference lies in the presence of an idle speed saving mechanism, which is supplied with the power supply system. For its normal operation, an additional plug with wires is located in the engine compartment.
Use of a non-contact ignition system. The microcontroller is considered an important component of the BSZ.
Different car models are equipped with different generator devices, it all depends on the type of power unit.
Model 21214 is equipped with two radiator cooling fans. Because of this, the wiring diagram also differs.

Schemes on the Niva with a carburetor engine

Below is a photo of a car diagram with a carburetor engine in good quality.

Wiring diagram of the Niva with a carburetor motor

Let's figure out the description of the wiring diagram:

Side turn signal lamps.
Front optics.
Headlights handicaps.
Electric motors for cleaning the front optics.
Sound signal device.
Relay designed to activate the optics cleaning mechanism.
Low beam lamp activation relay.
Relay used to activate high beam headlights.
Electric motor for windshield cleaning system.
An electrical controller that detects a lack of brake fluid.
Special socket for connecting a portable light bulb.
Low pressure indicator controller for engine fluid.
Lubricant pressure sensing controller.
The electric regulator of the temperature indicator of the refrigerant in the cooling system, displays the readings on the dashboard in the passenger compartment.
Ignition distributor device.
Candles located in the engine compartment.
Electric motor of the wiper system.
The ignition coil is installed in the engine compartment.
Directly generator. A breakdown of the regulator relay, as well as a break in the drive strap, will lead to inoperability of the device. Until the generator is repaired, all electrical equipment is powered by a battery. When the battery runs out, the engine will not start.
Locking element of the carburetor device.
Starter mechanism.
Another electric motor of the optics cleaning system.
Voltage regulating device. Its breakdown will lead to current surges in the on-board network.
Battery charge indicator relay control device.
Relay protecting the electrical circuit of the glass cleaning system.
Auxiliary mounting block with safety elements.
Main safety block.
Handbrake indicator deactivation device.
Device for deactivating the indicator light of the differential lock.
The mechanism for turning off the lighting, which turns on when the reverse gear is activated.
Device for deactivating the carburetor air flap indicator light. The icon lights up on the car dashboard when the choke is turned on.
Stop lights deactivation device.
Electric motor of the heater system. Its breakdown will lead to an inoperative state of the stove.
Relays for direction indicators and light signaling.
Auxiliary resistor of the stove electric motor device.
Control panel illumination deactivation device.
Optics lighting switching mechanism. It is activated when the driver switches from the side lights to the low and high beam, and vice versa.
Sound signal mute device.
Wiper system switching mechanism. Its activation allows you to change the speed of the wipers.
Windshield wiper shut-off device.
Egnition lock.
External lighting cut-off device.
The stove switching mechanism is activated when it is necessary to change the speed of the heating device.
Disconnect device for cleaning mechanisms and optics washer.
Cigarette lighter.
Light signaling shutdown mechanism.
A device for switching off light sources that are located in the door racks.
Lubricant pressure controller with low pressure indicator in the system.
Fuel level controller in the gas tank with reserve indicator. Displays readings on the control panel of the car. The indicator is activated when there is little fuel in the system.
Tachometer. Allows the driver to know at what speed the engine's crankshaft is rotating.
Handbrake control indicator.
Battery indicator. It turns on when the battery is discharged. Indicates the need to charge or repair the battery.
Air flap indicator light for carburetor.
Speedometer shows the speed of movement of the car.
Ambient light activation indicator.
Turning light indicator indicator.
Optics high beam indicator. Turns on on the dashboard when it is activated.
Hand brake indicator relay device. Displays readings on the dashboard.
Brake fluid level indicator. Lights up when there is a shortage of it.
Differential lock indicator light.
Refrigerant temperature indicator light.
Lamps for lighting in the passenger compartment.
Fuel level indicator controller and remaining reserve.
Rear optics.
License plate lighting bulbs.

Schemes on the Niva with an injection engine

The fundamental difference between the carburetor circuit and the injection circuit is the use of an improved power unit control system.

Scheme of the engine control system of the injection Niva

Let's consider an interactive scheme of the COURT of an injector for 8 valves:

Adsorber purge device.
Throttle mechanism.
The controller that determines the temperature of the engine, its readings are based on the temperature of the coolant in the cooling system.
Radiator vent located to the right of the engine.
The same fan, only installed to the left of the power unit.
The ignition coil is located in the engine compartment.
Candles with connected high-voltage wires.
Air flow rate controller supplied to form a combustible mixture.
Crankshaft position controller. If it fails, the engine will not start.
A harness with wires connected to the oxygen concentration controller.
Oxygen control controller.
Phase adjuster or camshaft sensor.
Knock controller. Affects the idle speed.
A harness connected to the injector wiring.
Directly the system nozzles themselves.
Designation of the gas pedal located in the passenger compartment.
Harness with wiring connected to the control panel.
Main relay.
Protective element of the right ventilation device.
A similar component that protects the left fan circuit.
Relay that ensures the operating state of the fuel pump circuit. Its breakdown will lead to the fact that the pumping device cannot work, as a result of which the engine cannot be started.
Safety element in charge of the pump.
The connector to which the fuel pump is connected in the module.
The diagnostic connector is used to find faults in the operation of various vehicle systems.
Plug for connecting electrical wiring to ground.
Mounting block with safety elements ensuring the operating condition of the powertrain control system.
The connector to which the wiring of the APS operating state indicator lamp is connected.
Connector with wired communication coil of the same system.
Machine alarm control module, with its help, the anti-theft device is configured.
Connector with attached wiring harness from the diagnostic oxygen concentration controller.
Diagnostic controller.
Central motor control module. These car models use Bosch ECU 17.9.7.

Also on the diagram there is a symbol A - in this place the wiring harness passes from the engine compartment to the car interior.

1. Diagram of the harness on the dashboard of the car 2. The back of the injection Niva circuit

Causes of electrical malfunction

Let's analyze the main reasons why electrical equipment may not work:

Discharged or faulty battery. Due to the damaged battery, it will be possible to start the car engine only "from the pusher". A defective battery can be identified by the battery discharge indicator on the dashboard. When troubleshooting, we recommend that you first of all check the external condition of the device - it should not have any defects or damage that contribute to electrolyte leakage. You also need to check the volume of the working solution inside the battery - the liquid should cover all the cans. If necessary, distilled water is added to the battery. The terminals are checked - sometimes the reason for the inoperative state of the battery is the disconnection of the contacts associated with vibration during shaking, as well as their oxidation.
Breakdown of the generator device. If the generator breaks down, it will not be able to keep the electrical equipment working. All devices will be powered by a battery until it is subsequently completely discharged. To search for a malfunction, the generator will have to be dismantled and disassembled, damaged elements must be replaced.
Voltage surges. There can be many reasons for this problem. Frequently, power surges occur as a result of the failure of the regulator relay or the use of equipment that does not match the performance of the electrical circuit. For example, if you install a splitter in the cigarette lighter, it will lead to power surges and failure of the device.
Burnout of safety elements. The devices are used to protect electrical appliances from overvoltage. If power surges occur, the fuses are the first to fail. You cannot change parts for DIY devices. Sometimes car owners replace fuses with coins or jumpers made from wire. We do not recommend doing this in order to prevent overvoltage.
Broken wires. Most often, electrical circuits that are laid in the area of \u200b\u200bmoving parts of the body are susceptible to such a malfunction. Bending of the wires occurs, as a result of which they cannot conduct electric current.
Failure of the equipment itself, for example, bulbs in headlights, a radio tape recorder, an electric motor of the stove. Light sources must be replaced, and devices such as an electric motor or car radio can be tried to be repaired. It is better to entrust this procedure to qualified electricians.
Leakage current. This problem occurs when the insulation of the wires is damaged. It is necessary to find that part of the electrical circuit where the insulating layer is broken and re-cover it with electrical tape.
Contact damage or oxidation. If the equipment is experiencing problems, check the contact elements on the connectors with wiring. When they are burned, electrical circuits must be diagnosed for the presence of voltage surges. If the contacts are oxidized, then they just need to be cleaned.

Every modern car today is equipped with an electrical part. The electrical diagram of the VAZ 21214 Niva injector allows, if necessary, to find all the elements included in the on-board network, which is especially important when faults in the wiring appear. Everything that the nivovod needs to know about electrics in domestic SUVs is described in this article.

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Niva index designations

The wiring diagram may differ slightly depending on the design features of the vehicle.

First, consider the index notation:

VAZ 21213. This index designates a vehicle equipped with a carburetor. The volume of the power unit is 1.7 liters.
21214. In VAZ 21214 cars, the scheme involves the use of a similar engine with the same volume. The only difference is that the car is equipped with a fuel injection system.
There is another model with the index 21213. In VAZ 21213 cars, the electrical equipment diagram includes the same elements, only depending on the year of manufacture, the car can be equipped with a 1.8 liter engine.
Version 21073. The SUV is equipped with either an injection engine with injectors or a Solex carburetor ICE. One of the features of these cars is the contactless ignition circuit.
21215. These SUVs were originally produced for export, so these cars are hard to find on our roads. It is worth noting that they were equipped with Citroen diesel engines.

At the beginning of the article there is a diagram of the VAZ electrical equipment using the example of the Niva 2121 model. If you are the owner of version 2131 or any other, then the difference in the circuit diagram will be, but not fundamental. If we are talking about carburetor engines, then in this case, the circuit, as well as the ignition, will not be protected (video author - Nail Poroshin).

Features of electrical equipment

The wiring diagram of the VAZ model 21213 has certain differences from the model 2121, in particular:

On 21213 cars, the fuse block uses more modernized leg fuses. Of course, the use of such devices led to the fact that the block site also changed.
The power supply system of these vehicles additionally includes an idle speed saving device. For this option to work properly, another wiring connector has been added in the engine compartment.
Another difference is that these cars use a contactless ignition circuit, the main element of which is a microcontroller.

It should be noted that the differences in the Niva circuit can lie both in the generating units and in the electrics itself.

Differences in generators

In any case, the differences in the wiring diagram of the models will be primarily depending on the power unit - carburetor or injection.

The main differences in carburetors:

models 21213 use Model 371.3701 Generator Assembly;
in engines of models 21214, the manufacturer decided to install a more powerful generator device, it is marked with the numbers 9412.3701 (video by Sergei Chekhonin).

And although these generators are different, they have certain structural similarities. In any case, it is an AC synchronous device. In addition, these units have a built-in rectifier and an output voltage regulating mechanism.

Differences in wiring

If we talk directly about the wiring, then depending on the car model, it may also differ. It should be noted that these differences greatly simplify the maintenance and repair of the system with your own hands. As for the injection modifications of SUVs, in this case, the system is equipped with three outputs designed for installing electronic ignition.

In addition, 21214 vehicles use two ventilation devices that perform the function of cooling the radiator assembly. Accordingly, due to the use of additional fans, the wiring also underwent, if not significant, but differences. Of course, they are not fundamental.

Photogallery "Electrical systems of off-road vehicles"

Summarizing

The need to understand the wiring diagram may arise if the system malfunctions and needs to be eliminated. Of course, complex malfunctions associated with the operation of the generator unit and other devices that are not simple in terms of design will be problematic to solve in garage conditions without certain knowledge. Nevertheless, even a simple knowledge of the electrical circuit and the ability to decipher the symbols can greatly help the car enthusiast during repairs. In addition, the need to understand the wiring may also arise if you decide to upgrade your acoustics or install a more advanced audio system.

Video "Laying the wiring in the sports version of the Niva"

You can learn more about this process in the video (by Suprotec Racing channel).