Today, everyone knows how important compounds called are for our body. One such compound is threonine. And although it is part of almost all the human body, threonine is not synthesized in the human body. That is, it comes to us only with food or with food additives. This amino acid is especially important for children, their need for threonine is greater than for an adult.
Why is threonine useful for us? Most importantly, it is necessary for the synthesis of the amino acids serine and glycine, which in turn are involved in the synthesis of collagen and elastin, the proteins of connective and muscle tissue. and elastin are necessary for muscles, and for tendons, and for ligaments, and for the elasticity of blood vessels, skin, and normal heart function. Naturally, children need threonine in larger volumes than an adult, because their body is just being built. If there is not enough building material, problems with the spine may develop - scoliosis, dislocations of the cervical vertebrae, with muscles - flat feet, muscle dystrophy, with teeth - the development of caries, with nails, hair. Perhaps even visual impairment. An adult also needs threonine, as an adult's body is constantly updated. And for a good condition of the skin or teeth (and threonine is part of the tooth enamel), you need a constant intake of threonine in the body.
Increased doses of this amino acid are necessary for recovery after operations and various injuries.
Threonine is also essential for healthy liver function. In combination with methionine and aspartic acid, it takes care of the processing of fats and fatty acids. This means that it prevents the development of fatty liver disease - hepatosis.
Threonine is also needed for the normal functioning of the digestive tract. It is part of some digestive enzymes, such as pepsin, which is responsible for the breakdown of proteins in the stomach.
Threonine supports the functioning of the body's immune system, promotes the elimination of toxic substances, therefore it is very important during pregnancy - it reduces toxicosis in the early months.
It is used in the treatment of diseases of the central nervous system, depression, improves mood, increases concentration, and performance. Threonine is also used in the treatment of alcoholism and drug addiction.
Vitamins B3 and B6, as well as the trace element magnesium, contribute to the absorption of threonine by the body. For a full-fledged high-quality muscle protein, threonine must be consumed in combination with methionine and aspartic acid.
As a rule, there should not be a lack of threonine with good nutrition, but if a person consumes a small amount of protein foods (meat, fish, mushrooms), a lack of this important amino acid can manifest itself in muscle weakness, depression, hair loss, poor skin condition, nails and teeth, developmental delay in children. The lack of threonine leads to a lack of all amino acids for the synthesis of which it is necessary. In medical practice, cases have been recorded when threonine is not absorbed by the body. Then, for treatment, increased doses of glycine and serine, which are formed as a result of the synthesis of threonine, are prescribed.
Excess threonine in the body leads to the accumulation of uric acid. When using nutritional supplements with this amino acid, it is necessary to monitor this, since both excess and deficiency of threonine is harmful to our health.
What foods contain threonine? In protein products - meat, poultry, eggs, cheese, oily sea fish, seafood, and mushrooms. Plant foods also contain threonine, but in smaller amounts, it is present in lentils, beans, wheat, rye, buckwheat, and nuts. Threonine deficiency can be experienced by vegetarians who limit the consumption of animal foods.
The daily requirement of threonine for an adult is 0.5 g, for children - 3 g. The need for threonine increases with the active growth and development of the body, with increased physical exertion, during sports, with depressive states, and, as we have already said, vegetarianism. But with age, the need for threonine decreases.
For athletes, this amino acid is of great importance, as it promotes growth and
Opening L-threonine fell on 1935. This is an essential monoaminocarboxylic amino acid, which is found in the muscles of the skeleton, heart, and in the cells of the central nervous system. It is needed to maintain good immunity. The substance is not produced by the body, but is found in food: meat, eggs, sea fish, beans, nuts, buckwheat, mushrooms, etc.
There are amino acid isomers: D-, L- allothreonine, as well as D-, L- threonine. The latter is considered the most valuable for the body, as it takes part in the formation of proteins, is an integral part of elastin and collagen. This is a substance that helps preserve the enamel on the teeth. To improve the digestibility and absorption of threonine, you should also eat foods rich in B vitamins and magnesium.
Threonine Health Benefits
Threonine brings the following benefits to the body:
- Favorably affects the digestive system, fights gastric ulcers.
- Reacting with methionine and aspartic acid, it leads to the breakdown of fats that accumulate in the liver.
- The use of this amino acid leads to relaxation and calmness, therefore it effectively fights depression.
- Promotes healing of wounds, scars, raising muscle tone.
- Supports immunity, contributes to the proper functioning of the heart and central nervous system.
- Included in proteins and enzymes.
- Maintains the beauty of nails and hair.
- Protects the skin from dryness, helps smooth out wrinkles, is part of many cosmetics.
Threonine for athletes
Threonine is used as a dietary supplement in sports nutrition. Athletes need it for:
- muscle strengthening;
- increase endurance under heavy loads;
- fast recovery after training.
What causes a lack of threonine?
Lack of this amino acid is rare, and manifests itself in the following:
- Tooth enamel deteriorates, hair falls out, nails become brittle, skin loses turgor.
- It becomes difficult to concentrate.
- There is depression, anxiety, oppression.
- Muscle mass is lost.
- There is weakness in the muscles.
- Children have growth retardation.
Daily allowance and side effects
Threonine should be taken at 0.5 g per day. If too much threonine accumulates in the body, this leads to an excess of uric acid, which can negatively affect the functioning of the liver and kidneys.
The product is not a drug.
We do not recommend the use of products by persons under 18 years of age.
Before you start taking any product, be sure to consult a specialist!
L-THREONINE
Name (lat.)
L-threonine feed grade
Composition and form of release
It is a white crystalline powder with an active substance content of at least 98.5%. The drug has a low content of dust and volatile substances. Packing - bags of 25 kg of paper and polyethylene, Big Bags of 500 - 1000 kg of polypropylene.
Pharmacological properties
Threonine primarily serves as a structural element of larger molecules - from simple peptides to very complex proteins. Animal nutritionists often focus on the effect of amino acids on muscle growth and meat production efficiency. In fact, the metabolic role of threonine is much wider, namely: the growth of skeletal muscles, the synthesis of digestive enzymes and immune proteins (which are present in high concentrations), the synthesis of glycerol, energy production (through the tricarboxylic acid cycle). Gastrointestinal epithelium (mucosal cells, mucus and digestive enzymes) and some immune proteins are particularly rich in threonine. Experiments have shown that a small deficiency of threonine has a much stronger effect on the synthesis of immunoglobulin than on body growth. Threonine is one of several possible precursors to the nonessential acid glycine that is synthesized by the body of animals, and in this sense, threonine plays a role in regulating food intake. The key enzymes of threonine metabolism in birds and pigs are, respectively, threonine aldolase and threonine dehydrogenase. Since both of these enzymes catalyze irreversible reactions, glycine cannot serve as a metabolic source of threonine. The carbon skeleton of threonine can serve as an energy source, being oxidized in the citric acid cycle, where it is introduced in the form of pyruvate.
Indications
Many grains and other feed components are low in threonine and require the addition of threonine to overcome this deficiency. This is especially important when balancing diets based on wheat, barley and sorghum. In these grains, threonine is often the second limiting amino acid. In addition, for pigs, the digestibility of threonine in these components is very low. For pigs, the first limiting amino acid is lysine, and meat productivity directly depends on the content of lysine in the feed. The second amino acid, without which it is impossible to achieve the maximum use of feed resources in pig production, is threonine. The addition of pure amino acids to the diet of pigs allows, without reducing growth rates, to reduce the protein content in the feed and improve its use. It is generally accepted that if the target is the minimum fat content of the carcass (maximum protein content), the need for amino acids is higher than if the goal is to maximize the speed or efficiency of growth. In some cases, there is a trend towards increased fat content in pigs fed a reduced protein diet with amino acid supplements. In the poultry industry, serious attention is paid to the task of reducing the level of protein in the feed by introducing concentrated amino acids, which ensures optimal development of replacement young and maximum egg production in laying hens, and maximum live weight gain and feed conversion in broilers. The first and second limiting amino acids in poultry are methionine and lysine. The inclusion of threonine in broiler and laying hen feeds already containing methionine and lysine supplements is also effective, especially in the early stages of growth.
Doses and method of application
The drug is applied to feed, premixes and feed additives at feed mills or feed shops of farms. The amount of L-Threonine introduced into compound feed depends on the type and age of farm animals, including birds, and is determined in accordance with the Norms approved by the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of Russia on April 30, 1997 On the use of biologically active substances (BAS) and the rate of their introduction into compound feed.
Side effects
Not observed.
Contraindications
Not installed.
special instructions
When unloading, storing and loading fodder L-Threonine, it is necessary to follow the generally accepted safety measures provided for working with chemicals. In case of possible contact of the material with the skin or eyes, it is necessary to use protective equipment (rubber or plastic gloves, goggles). Before a break in work and at the end of it, wash your hands and face. If the drug gets into the eyes, rinse them with plenty of water.
Storage conditions
In a dry, dark room at temperatures up to 30 °C. The shelf life of the drug is 5 years.
Fashion for a healthy diet and lifestyle in general is firmly entrenched in modern society. People began to monitor what they eat, and devote more and more time to physical activity. In view of this, now almost everyone knows how important and useful amino acids are for the human body. There are a lot of such substances, and each of them has a certain function. We will dwell on the amino acid threonine in detail, figure out what its task is and how to ensure that this substance in the body is sufficient for its full functioning.
Characteristics and properties
Threonine was discovered in 1935 by William Cumming Rose. It is a substance that is essential for maintaining the functioning of the immune system. Amino acids are classified as essential monoaminocarboxylic, those that are not produced by the body, but are important for its life. It is present in cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, and cells of the central nervous system. The main and only source of threonine is the food that a person consumes. There are 4 optical isomers of threonine: L- and D-threonine, L- and D- allothreonine. 
The most necessary for the body is L-threonine. This substance is involved in the formation of proteins, and is also part of collagen and elastin. It is needed to form and maintain the strength of tooth enamel. In order for threonine to be well absorbed, it must be consumed with vitamins of the group, namely and. Also, in order for the amino acid to be better absorbed, the level of magnesium should be monitored, because it also improves digestibility.
Important! There are genetic diseases in which threonine is not absorbed by the body. Then you should take drugs with a high content of serine and glycine.
The study of this amino acid continues, and periodically scientists discover its new beneficial properties.
Main Functions and Benefits
Threonine is necessary for both adults and children, this is due to the fact that the substance is involved in the most important chemical processes that occur in our body.
For kids
Toddlers and children in their teens need this amino acid because it promotes growth. Therefore, it is very important to organize the child's diet so that he receives a sufficient amount of this substance with food every day. Then the bones, muscles, tissues and internal organs will develop properly. One of the functions of threonine is the production of antibodies, as a result of which immunity is strengthened, and a strong and stable immune system is necessary for people of any age. 
For adults
Threonine has a beneficial effect on digestion and is considered effective in the fight against stomach ulcers. In addition, when the substance enters into a chemical reaction with aspartic acid and methionine, the ability to break down fats that accumulate in the liver appears, and thereby facilitate the work of the organ. It has been proven that this amino acid is present in the cells of the central nervous system, has a relaxing and calming effect and is used to treat psycho-emotional disorders and depression. In therapy, threonine is used to increase muscle tone, as well as to heal wounds and postoperative scars.
Important! Protein and amino acid deficiencies can lead to detrimental effects- disorder of the body, as well as irreversible processes and diseases.
Briefly, the following vital functions of threonine can be distinguished:
- keeps , and ;
- included in the composition of enzymes and proteins;
- promotes growth;
- helps to absorb other useful substances;
- normalizes and facilitates the work of the liver;
- necessary for strengthening muscle tissue, as it participates in the process of collagen production.
Products containing threonine
Threonine is found in large quantities in protein foods, any meat, chicken eggs, cheeses and other dairy products, as well as in fatty marine fish and seafood. And if we talk about food of plant origin, then this amino acid is abundant in, beans, wheat, barley, rye, mushrooms, seeds and leafy vegetables. Such products are familiar and affordable and should be present in the human diet every day.
Daily requirement and norm
An adult needs 0.5 g of the substance daily to maintain the body. The daily norm for children is higher, it is 3 g. In order to get the daily norm of this substance, you need to eat a varied and nutritious diet. Meat and eggs must be present in the diet, since, for example, 1 chicken egg contains 3.6 g of this amino acid, and 100 g of meat on average - 1.5 g. But plant sources of threonine are much less. 
Did you know? In just 1 second, more than 100,000 chemical reactions occur in the human brain.
About excess and deficiency
The golden mean is needed in everything - both an excess and a lack of nutrients can harm our body, so it is important to maintain the balance and harmony of amino acids, including threonine.
Excess
An excessive amount of this substance leads to the fact that uric acid accumulates in the body. In large quantities, it can adversely affect the general condition and lead to the breakdown of some systems, in particular the kidneys and liver, and also contribute to increased acidity. Therefore, the amount of this amino acid in the body should be controlled and its excess should not be allowed.
a lack of
Threononine deficiency is rare and may be associated with malnutrition and psychiatric disorders. Among the main symptoms of a lack of this amino acid are the following:
- impaired consciousness, poor concentration;
- depression, depression;
- loss of muscle mass;
- weakness and discomfort in the muscles;
- growth retardation and development (in children);
- deterioration of the condition of the skin, hair, nails and tooth enamel.
That is, the most important thing is that threonine is present in the body within the normal range, and any deviations are undesirable. Did you know? The human body contains about 5 million proteins, and their formation requires 20 types of amino acids and endless combinations of them. At the same time, only 8 such substances are considered vital, namely tryptophan, lysine, valine, threonine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine and phenylalanine.
Interaction with other substances
Threonine is perfectly combined with aspartic acid and methionine. Good absorption of the substance and enhancement of the beneficial effect is facilitated by the use in conjunction with vitamins B3 and B6, as well as with such a microelement as.
Threonine in sports nutrition
The role of this amino acid in sports nutrition is colossal, as it promotes the development and strengthening of muscles, increases resistance to physical exertion and promotes rapid recovery after them. For those involved in weightlifting, running and swimming, it is imperative to monitor the level of the substance in the body and adjust its amount in a timely manner.
Important! Threonine stimulates brain activity, and is also able to relieve toxicosis in pregnant women.
For beauty and health
This amino acid is essential for keeping skin, hair and nails in excellent condition. Threonine protects the skin from drying out, and is also involved in the production of collagen and elastin, which, in turn, help smooth wrinkles and help the skin remain elastic and taut. It is part of numerous cosmetic products, creams, serums and tonics. Complex application, that is, a sufficient amount of the substance consumed with food, and the external use of various means, will help to achieve tremendous results. 
Also, one should not forget that threonine is necessary for the formation and strengthening of tooth enamel, and a snow-white smile is an integral part of a healthy and beautiful appearance. Now you know that with the help of a balanced, nutritious diet, you can keep your body in good shape, stay healthy and beautiful. Amino acids are extremely important for a person, and their balance is the key to health and longevity.
Threonineis an essential amino acid. It is obtained from food: beans, brewer's yeast, dairy products, eggs, fish, molasses, meat, nuts, seafood, seeds, soy, whey and whole grains.
As well as other amino acids, threonine is important for the formation of proteins: however, it is especially necessary for the production of tooth enamel, collagen and elastin. Threonine promotes fat metabolism and prevents the accumulation of fat in the liver; it is also useful in intestinal disorders and digestive disorders.
The role of threonine in the prevention of aging
Threonine can help stabilize blood sugar levels, since it can be converted to glucose in the liver during gluconeogenesis. People with burns, wounds, or surgery have higher than normal levels of threonine in their urine. This indicates that this amino acid is released from tissues after injury. Recent studies indicate that taking threonine during these periods may help the recovery process.
In addition, studies have been conducted that found that threonine has the ability to reduce muscle spasticity, which often occurs with multiple sclerosis; however, this use of threonine has not received clinical confirmation.
Deficiency symptoms
Unknown.
Side effects and contraindications
Unknown. People with liver and kidney disease should consult their doctor before taking threonine.
Literature:
Klatz Goldman Beat time.
