Before talking about the specific models of UAZ cars, developed or modified specifically for the army, it is worth saying that the Ulyanovsky automotive plant, in general, was aimed in its activities to meet the needs of the Ministry of Defense. Civilians UAZ are, roughly speaking, a side effect, especially in Soviet times. In the conditions of the free market, the automaker did not remain anything better than rebuilding the power to satisfy the requests of the "peaceful" customers. But even now UAZ actively cooperates with the state, delivering high passability cars for the army.
The history of military UAZ began in the middle of the 20th century. First of all, the Army models of this brand of the car should include UAZ-469 and UAZ-3151.
It was UAZ-469 that became the 70s of the 20th century by the main car for the command in the countries of Eastern Europe, which included in the block of the Warsaw Treaty. Its predecessor in the role mentioned before it was GAZ-69.
In 1964, several experienced models were produced, on the basis of which in 1972 the serial release of UAZ-469 and UAZ-469B began. In 1985, they began to produce UAZ-3151. And since 2003, the UAZ-315195 Hunter is produced, which in 2010, to the 65th anniversary of the victory in the Second World War and was released in a limited series under the index 315196.
The history of the development of military UAZ
Above it was noted that the first experienced UAZA-469 models were issued in 1964. However, the development began to lead in the 50s of the 20th century. The first sample, called UAZ-460 was constructed in 1958. As a basis, apparently, a US jeep was taken. The Soviet car turned out to be powerful, capable of transporting people and cargo on the SUV, as well as pull trailers and light guns. But the car could not boast of convenience and comfort.
In 1964, a trial batch of modified cars, received the names of UAZ-469, was released. By the way, in the car press, the next year, it was possible to meet the image of this car and learn about some of the technical characteristics. It is surprising if we take into account the fact that the serial production of cars will begin only after 8 years.
The base for the UAZA-469 sample of 1972 became reliable and advanced for those years 21st Volga. The possibilities of UAZ admire and surprise. For example, in 1974, several cars in the basic configuration, that is, without anti-slip chains, winches and other things, were able to climb one of Elbrus glaciers, a height of 4.2 kilometers.
In 1985, the Army SUV from the Ulyanovsky Automobile Plant began to be issued called UAZ-3151.
The history of UAZ-469 ends at the beginning of the 21st century. In 2010, a limited batch of UAZ-315196 is produced, which has Gur, spring suspension, disc front brakes, 112-strong engine, split bridges Timken. And in 2011, this model disappears from the market due to the fact that the specified party in 5,000 cars is fully sold out. UAZ, in terms of army cars, begins to specialize in the model Hunter Classic.
Specifications of model 469
Model UAZ-469 has a five-seater open body. In essence, this is a convertible. A soft awning of tarpaulin is used as a roof, and 4 side doors have glazed extensions. The fifth rear door is used for luggage loading. In addition, in the rear compartment of the car there are folding seats on which two more passengers can accommodate. The windshield leans on the hood. Here you can remember the American "Willis", which, also, you can leake a windbreaker on the hood, in order to increase the masking of the car on the ground.
The frame of the model is very durable, not subject to twisting. The 4-cylinder engine of 2.5 liters, capable of issuing the power of 75 horsepower, works on gasoline. Clutch is one-piece. PPC - mechanical, 4-speed. There are 2-speed dispensing.
Since the car is designed for the army, then 2 fuel tanks are installed, 39 liters each. If we take into account that fuel consumption, on average, equal to 16 liters per 100 kilometers, then it can be concluded that the manufacturer has not such a large fuel supply. However, when transporting 7 passengers, the car can take on board 100 kilograms of baggage. That is, a few other kanisters are quite fit. UAZ-469 can "carry the trailer weighing 850 kilograms.
Testing UAZ 469.
The road clearance of the military model is 300 millimeters. To create such clearance, the following was developed and implemented:
- double main transmission on leading bridges. Motor Carter, while, wide, but the vertical size is reduced.
- lowing onboard gearboxes.
Front bridge hubs in this car model can be turned off to reduce fuel consumption, if the machine rides on a good road. However, the decrease in the consumption was insignificant, and to disable the hubs had to make a few albeit simple, but occupying some time, manipulations.
By 1982, the car's capacity increased by 2 horsepower, thanks to the installation of a new engine.
UAZ-3151
In 1985, modernization of the model 469 occurred, the new car was called UAZ-3151.
The changes affected most nodes and aggregates. The clutch was obtained by a hydraulic shutdown drive. In the cardan shalads there were radial-end binding seals. Lighting devices have improved and added. Electric steel windshield washer drive received. In addition, the following equipment appeared in the car:
- two suspended pedals - clutch and brakes;
- two-door brakes;
- safe steering column;
The engine power began to be 80 horsepower, which increased the maximum speed of up to 120 kilometers per hour.
Modifications of the model
In addition to those mentioned, there were other modifications of domestic military SUVs UAZ.
UAZ-469bi with shielded equipment and radio station. UAZ-469 bg (UAZ-3152) - used for military medical needs. UAZ-469rd - radio-chemical intelligence machine.
There were also non-relocated modifications. For example, UAZ-3907 jaguar is an amphibious machine with installed rowing screws. The export version of UAZ - Marorelli, which was installed, including diesel engines from Fiat and Peugeot.
Records
It is no secret that the Soviet car industry, for its time, was at a very high level. And when the case concerned military developments, here the plants of the Soviet Union were unsurpassed leaders.
Thus, the model UAZ-469 installed the world record, indirectly confirming the high level of cars:
In the UAZ-469, 32 people were able to fit, with a total weight of 1.9 tons. This event is entered in the Guinness Book of Records. Prior to that, the car KIA spectrum managed to accommodate 23 people.
- The people of UAZ-469 and his followers received the nicknames of a goat and a bobby.
- In China, not cooperating with the USSR, developed and released a Bajin car, which combines the running part of GAZ-69 and the Body of UAZ-469.
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Soviet "Bobik" or UAZ-469 - the car is really legendary. From time to time, very interesting modifications of this car appear today. In this review, the 10 most non-standard models of the legendary 469th.
UAZ Martorelli.
The model that was sold in Italy after Luigi Marorelli participated in Sugar races at UAZ-469. The car liked so much that he agreed on the supply with Autoexport. Export models differed significantly from domestic samples. First of all engines. There were 75-strong UMNs-451m, 76-strong Peugeot XD2 and turbodiesel units Vittorio Marrelli VM with a capacity of 100 hp
In one model even used the engine from Fiat. It was on Italian UAZ for the first time a hydraulic steering amplifier appeared as standard equipment. Some cars did not have hard tops, and also completed with other seats. Such cars were sold from 1973 to 1999.
UAZ-469B us
In 1977, in conjunction with Ulyanovsky Automobile Plant, we created a prototype of the UAZ-469B SUV with an elevated level of comfort. The car was intended for export to West countries. The car was significantly improved. So, for example, one-piece doors appeared in it without removable sidewalls, solid windshield, plastic finish of a false radiator grille and much more.
UAZ-3907 "Jaguar"
Military car amphibian based on Bobika. Design began in 1976. In 1989, the first 14 copies of the machine successfully passed tests. The car even managed to adopt, but in 1991, all interest in the project was lost. The chassis, transmission and the Yaguar engine were borrowed from -469. But the displacement body and the rowing system have become a completely unique development.
UAZ LLD
In the 90s, the company of LLD appeared in Moscow, which was founded by the Larina brothers and was engaged in creating luxury models of UAZ SUVs. Definitely pleased the fact that all the workshop models were exclusively domestic. Aero, the All-Russian Institute of Light Alloys, Nii of the Tire Industry and many others were connected to the enterprise.
UAZ-469 "Eger"
Unique Soviet all-terrain vehicle on low pressure tires, which was created on the basis of the car. In order to put such wheels, I had to completely redo the running part and expand the wheel arches.
UAZ-3159 "Bars"
At the end of 1999, UAZ presented a new car, which was called "Bars". The distinctive features of the car became increased to 30 cm clearance, as well as increased to the indicator in 1.6 meters of the river. Auto received spring suspension and gear bridges. All "leopards" worked out with a luxury salon. More utilitarian models and nearly stood with a novelty. Unfortunately, cars remained small.
UAZ-3150 "Shalun"
Another interesting sample from 1999. The car was designed for outdoor enthusiasts. Under the hood, the car was a powerful 2.9-liter UMW-4213.10. There were models with other, less interesting power units. Unfortunately, only 6 such cars were released.
UAZ Scorpio 1PR
A car that is an excellent example of how much the manufacturer can be flexible in the desire to satisfy the interests of each individual buyer. These cars were developed as part of the initiative from the Corporation "Protection". A whole series of such cars was proposed.
ZVS-2410 "Ukhtysh"
The machine that was done on the basis of UAZ Hunter. These tracked all-terrain vehicles make the plant of all-terrestrial cars. The vehicle is equipped with a diesel engine ZMZ-51432.10 or gasoline ZMZ-409.10. There are other, less popular configuration. The all-terrain vehicle is distinguished not only by impressive patency. He can also swim!
BARS-01.
Machine of increased passability based on GAZ-66 with a body from UAZ. Made the first sample was JSC "811 car repair plant" in Kazakhstan. Machine was created specifically by order of the Ministry of Defense.
In December 1972, the "UAZ" car factory released his first uAZ-469 carwhich has changed on the conveyor already outdated by the time SUV GAZ-69. The development of an SUV took the whole 14 years. The first chassal under the UAZ-460 index was built back in 1958, it was from him that the history of the famous UAZ-469 SUV began.
In the press, the UAZ-469 appeared back in 1965 (In the "Children's Encyclopedia"), already in the form in which it began to produce, however, before the launch of an SUV in production was still far away.
It was decided that the car will be produced in two versions: simplified civil and Army with Wheel Reducers and enlarged road lumen. As an aggregate base for a new car, GAZ-21 "Volga" is largely used to be largely used. Initially, the civil version was adopted (under the UAZ-469B index), since the army even clarified that she wants from the future car.
Army SUVs UAZ-469 They came from the conveyor later, in 1973, in the same year they were tested on Elbrus. Three SUVs UAZ-469 standard configuration, without winches and anti-test chains, less than 40 minutes rose to a height of 4,200 meters, and then descended into the valley.
In the Armed Forces of the UAZ-469, they used to destroy the command composition from majors to colonels, but this region of its use was not limited. There was a modification of an SUV, equipped with a road induction mine detector (Dim) with which the car performed perfectly performed the functions of the sapper.
There is a curious world record that installed the UAZ-469 SUV, he simultaneously placed 32 passenger in his salon, the total weight of which, together with the driver, amounted to almost 2 tons (1900 kg) and drove 10 meters.
The UAZ-469 and his modifications were collected not only in the former USSR, as well as in Germany, Vietnam, in Cuba and even in the United States. In 1985, the car was removed from production, more precisely to say it upgraded it and changed the index to the new four-digit, army UAZ-469 received the UAZ-3151 indexand civilian UAZ-469b became referred to as UAZ-31512. In 2010, the Ulyanovsky Automotive Plant to the 60th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War to release a limited batch (5000 copies) of SUVs under the UAZ-469 index, after which the production was again discontinued.
Design and design
Body SUV UAZ-469 An open 4-door, 5-seater, with a removable tarpaulin awning is mounted on a solid spiner (on GAZ-69 frames were very harvested). The tent arcs are removable, the windshield along with the frame is folded on the hood, like on GAZ-69. For luggage loading, the rear fifth door is served on which a spare wheel is fixed.
The car received a row, the 4-cylinder engine UMP-451mami which worked both on the 72th and on the 76th gasoline of its volume was 2445 cm 3, and the power of 75 horsepower (exactly the same engine was put on the UAZ-460B prototype). The gearbox, in contrast to the UAZ-460 prototype, a mechanical 4-speed with synchronizers to 3 and 4 transmission. Two-stage dispensing box is rigidly attached to the checkpoint.
The Civil model of UAZ-469B received clearance of 220 mm, while the Army SUV-469 might boast a 300 mm road lumen. Increase clearance, it was possible to increase the leading bridges with a double-main transfer with low-side (wheeled) gearboxes, on the civil model, leading bridges were with a single main transmission, and onboard gearboxes were absent. The military model did not install door locks, for why they appeared only after UAZ-469 modernized and changed the index in 1985.
For a slight decrease in fuel consumption on the roads with a good front axle hub coating, they were disconnected. To shut down, it was necessary to remove the protective cap and the hexagon on the "12" to turn off the coupling.
In the SUV cabin UAZ 469 as in the tank - no frustration: flat and uncomfortable seats, rubber rug under legs painted in the body color metal. A speedometer is located on the left panel to the left, in the scale of which the control lamp is located on the scale, to the right of it in order is an ammeter, an oil pressure pointer, a coolant temperature pointer, and a fuel level index. There is also control lamps of coolant overheating, an emergency drop pressure of the oil, a rotation indicators lamp. On the right side of the panel, from the passenger side there is a handle-holder (handrail).
Modifications
Army SUV with two-stage main transmission, onboard (wheeled) gearboxes and increased to 300 mm clearance. This version was produced until 1985 after the car was upgraded and assigned a new four-digit UAZ-3151 index.
Civilian model with single-stage main transmission without wheeled gearboxes, road lumen 220 mm. As well as the army version was produced until 1985 after which the new UAZ-31512 index was received.
Civil model with shielded electrical equipment.
Medical SUV, equipped with places for medical staff and stretcher. As well as previous models, it was produced until 1985, after became referred to as the UAZ-3152.
Car radiation-chemical intelligence.
UAZ-469 "Dim"
SUV Equipped Road Induction Miner Determinator (Dim)
UAZ-3907 "Jaguar"
Not serial amphibious car based on UAZ-469. Designing "Jaguar" began in 1976, and by 1989 14 prototypes were manufactured. The car successfully passed the test, in 1991, preparation for the production of the car was discontinued due to the lack of orders.
The car is a water displacement body with two hermetically closing doors. Under the body floor, two rowing screws are installed in front of the rear axle. The front wheels in the water perform the function of the steering wheel.
Video car
Specifications
| Layout | Front-door, all-wheel drive |
| Wheel formula | 4x4. |
| Number of seats | 5 |
| Gabarites, mm. | |
| Length | 4025 |
| Width | 1805 |
| Height | 2015 |
| Wheelbase | 2380 |
| Clearance | UAZ-469 - 300, UAZ-469B - 220 |
| Curb weight, kg | 1650 |
| Load capacity, kg. | 800 |
| Engine | |
| Model | Umz-451m |
| A type | Petrol |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Volume, cm 3 | 2445 |
| Power, hp | 75 |
| Transmission | Mechanical, 4-speed |
| Maximum speed, km / h | 120 |
| Fuel consumption, l / 100km | |
| Mixed | 15,6 |
| Volume of fuel tank, l | 2x39 |
Cargo-passenger cars are manufactured by Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant since 1989 issued from 1972 to 1985. Cars UAZ-469B and 469 with engines UMPs-451m with a capacity of 75 liters. with. Were replaced with UAZ-31512-01 and UAZ-3151-01 cars, which installed the engine UMP-414 with a capacity of 80 hp. and separate brake drive. Cars UAZ-31512 and UAZ-3151 are produced with an engine UMP-417 with a capacity of 90 hp The UAZ-3151 differs from the UAZ-31512 presence in the leading bridges of wheel gearboxes (increased ground clearance), shielded electrical equipment and an engine pre-heater. The body is a four-door, with a removable awning and rear folding board. The front seats are attached to the floor in one of three positions. The backs can be installed in one of the two positions. Rear seats: one triple folding and two single (with twisted pillows).
Modifications:
UAZ-3152 (based on UAZ-31512), intended for the transport of medical personnel and patients, has sanitary equipmentUAZ-31512-01 -UM-UP-GAI Car Patrol Service
UAZ-31512-01-1m-adch car operational groups
The main differences between these cars from the basic
Body - all-metal, five-door, divided into two compartments; Number of seats - 6 (7) including in the front compartment 5 (2), in the rear 4 (2). The rear compartment has heating and ventilation from the main heating system. Spare wheel is located in the rear compartment. The car is equipped with additional lighting, alarm and special equipment. Full weight - 2210 kg, overall height - 2500 mm.Load capacity:
With 9-sheet springs of 600 kg of cargo plus 2 people. or 100 kg plus 2 peopleWith 7-leaf springs of 400 kg of cargo plus 2 people. or only 7 people.
Engine.
MOD.4178 (UAZ-31512) and 4179 (UAZ-3151), gasoline, inline, 4-cells, 92x92 mm, 2.445 l, compression ratio 7.0, work order 1-2-4-3, power 66 kW (90 hp) at 4000 rpm, torque of 171.6 N * m (17.5 kgf * m) at 2200-2500 rpm; K-151V or K-126 carburetor; Air filter - inertia and oil.Transmission.
Clutch is one-piece, with peripheral springs, shutdown drive - hydraulic. Gearbox - 4-stupas, with synchronizers on all front-wheel drives; Transmit. Numbers for synchronized gearbox: I-3.78; II-2,60; III-1.55; IV-1.0; ЗХ-4,12; Transmit. Numbers for the gearbox with synchronizers on III and IV transmissions: I-4,124; II-2,641; III-1.58; IV-1.00; Zh-5,224. Disposal box - two-stage, transmit. Numbers: Higher - 1.00; Lowest - 1.94. Cardan transmission - from two shafts. Main gear - conical with spiral teeth; Transmit. Numbers: on UAZ-31512 - 4,625, on the UAZ-3151-2.77 and wheeled gearboxes - 1.94 (general transmit. Number - 5.38).Wheels and tires.
Wheels - with a stronger rim 6L-15. Tires - 8.40-15, air pressure in front tires 1.7-1.9; Rear - 1.9-2.1 kgf / cm. sq. , Wheel number 4 + 1.Suspension.
Front and rear - on two semi-elliptic 7- or 9-leaf springs with telescopic shock absorbers.Brakes.
The working brake system - with drumming mechanisms (each block of front wheels is powered by a separate cylinder, both shoes of the rear wheels - from one cylinder), two-circuit hydraulic drive (separate along the axes) and a vacuum amplifier. Hydraulic version without amplifier. Parking brake - transmission, with drum brake and mechanical drive.Steering.
The steering mechanism is a global worm with a two-graze roller, transmitted. Number - 20.3.Electrical equipment.
Voltage 12 V, AK. 6T-60EM battery, G250-P2 generator, voltage regulator PP132-A, starter 42.3708, interrupter (on UAZ-3151) - P132, sensor-distributor (on UAZ-31512) - 3302.3706, ignition coils: on UAZ-31512 - B116, on UAZ-31251 - B102-B, transistor switch (on UAZ-31512) - 1302.3734, Spark plugs: on UAZ-31512 - ALL, on UAZ-3151 - CH302-b. Fuel tank - 2x39 l, gasoline A-76;cooling system (with heater) - 13l, water or Tosol A-40, A-65;
Engine lubrication system - 5.8 l, M-8B, M-6 / 10B (DV-ASP-10B);
Gearbox crankcase - 1.0 l, TSP-15K (TAP-15B substitute), at temperatures minus 20-45 ° C TSP-10 oil;
Carter transfer box - 0.7 l,
Steering Carter - 0.25 l,
Carters leading bridges - 2x1.0 l (UAZ-31512), - 2x0.85 l (on UAZ-3151);
Carter wheeled gearboxes - 2x0.3 l,
circle gearboxes
;The hydraulic system of the brakes - 0.52 l;
Clutch shutdown hydraulic system - 0.18l; Brake fluid "Tom";
Shock absorbers - 4x0,32 l, shock absorber liquid AH-12T or spindle oil AU;
Windshield washes tank - 2l, water or niiss-4 liquid into a mixture with water.
Mass of aggregates
(in kg).Engine with clutch - 165;
gearbox - 36,
Dressing box with parking brake - 37,
Cardan shafts - 15,
Front axle - 120 (UAZ-31512) and 140 (UAZ-3151),
Rear axle-100 (UAZ-31512) and 122 (UAZ-3151),
Frame - 112,
body assembly - 475,
Tire wheel - 39,
Radiator - 10.
SPECIFICATIONS
| Model | 31512 | 3151 |
| Curb weight, kg | 1590 | 1680 |
|---|---|---|
| Including: | ||
| on the front axle | 870 | 900 |
| on the rear axle | 720 | 780 |
| Full weight, kg | 2150 | 2480 |
| Including: | ||
| on the front axle | 920 | 1020 |
| on the rear axle | 1230 | 1460 |
| Permissible trailer weight, kg | 850 | 1460 |
| Max. Sign of car, km / h | 115 | 110 |
| Max. overcome lift car, hail | 31 | 31 |
| Car fuel control, l / 100 km: | ||
| at 60 km / h | 10,5 | 11,6 |
| at 80 km / h | 13 | 14,5 |
| Brake path from 80 km / h, m | 43,2 | 43,2 |
| Radius of rotation, m: | ||
| by external wheel | 6,3 | 6,5 |
| overall | 6,8 | 7 |
