The modern automotive industry does not stand still and constantly offers consumers the latest technology in cars. It is not only more comfortable design and better parts, but also all kinds of systems that allow you to plan your route and make your driving easier.
Driving in bad weather or at night is always problematic. That is why the researchers decided to come up with the so-called "smart" headlights. They are already being installed on expensive car models, and soon this process will become more widespread.
Ford plans to use adaptive headlights on new cars. They take into account the speed of movement and cornering angles, are capable of changing the intensity and direction of the light flux, tracking passing and oncoming vehicles.
Their use can significantly reduce the number of accidents on the road, since such headlights prevent the blinding of other road users.
Toyota decided to reduce the amount of rare earth metals used and make electric motors using new technologies. Dysprosium and terbium are not used in their production, and the amount of neodymium is halved. As a replacement, the developers proposed other options ─ cerium and lanthanum. The price of such metals is much lower, which significantly saves financial costs.
Augmented reality
In the near future, there will be Google Glass glasses. They will display all kinds of information about the car and perform the following functions:
- determination of the position of the car on the map;
- opening and closing the hatch;
- interior climate control;
- locking and unlocking doors;
- enabling and disabling the alarm;
- battery charge control.
Volkswagen has already developed the Marta interface. It will help users to repair cars on their own. The electronics track the foreman's gaze and provide clues as to the location of the necessary tools or parts.
The latest technology in the automotive industry includes body panels that store energy much faster than standard batteries. They allow you to exchange heavy and bulky batteries for thin and light ones. To make them, you will need to use polymer carbohydrate fiber and resins. Replenishment of energy reserves is carried out by plugging into an outlet, an alternative method is using a brake energy recovery system. Moreover, it takes much less time to charge such a battery than a standard battery. The new material has obvious advantages: strength and easily changeable shape. Also, one of the advantages of such panels is a significant reduction in the weight of the machine. This technology is being actively developed at Volvo.
Mercedes-Benz has been producing cars with a special Attention Assist device since 2011. It is designed to track the driver's physical ability to drive the vehicle. If the need arises, the systems give signals to stop the movement. It does not require the direct participation of the driver, or his minimal intervention is sufficient.
The check is carried out based on three factors. Here is a list of them:
- fixing the driver's gaze;
- vehicle movement control;
- assessment of driver behavior.
Autopilot
Many car companies are engaged in the production and testing of autonomous vehicle control systems. Until recently it seemed like a fantasy, but now cars with an automatic driving system are already a reality. Their work is provided by a variety of sensors that send messages about obstacles on the roads.
For example, the newest Mercedes S-class is able to drive a car, and, if necessary, slow down and stop.
But not only car concerns develop "drones". Google has also created a system that allows the vehicle to move independently. It uses surveillance cameras, navigation maps and radar data.
In the coming year, it is planned to equip cars with e-Call systems in the EU countries. They are specially designed to alert you to traffic accidents. In the event of an accident, the device is triggered and sends information to the crisis center about the location of the accident, the type of fuel used and the number of passengers.
According to statistics, drivers regularly check the tire pressure of their cars. It must comply with certain standards. If the wheels are not properly inflated, this is a direct safety hazard. In addition, fuel consumption is automatically increased.
Bridgestone easily solved this problem with the concept airless tires. So far, their mass production has not yet been established, but this is in the plans for the next five years. These tires contain a micro-mesh of hard rubber instead of air. The latter has the ability to maintain its original shape even under extreme stress. That is why, the car will be able to continue moving even with a puncture of the wheel without threat to life.
Airless tires will be more sustainable than their traditional rubber predecessors.
One of the new technologies in the automotive industry is automatic car parking. It is able to simplify the life of drivers in large cities by an order of magnitude. So far, such new items are installed only on expensive cars in top-end configurations. Electronic systems are able to determine if the machine fits in size, calculate the travel speed and the optimal angle of rotation of the wheels.
The driver always has the opportunity to stop the automatic parking, if he does not like something, and park the car himself.
The cars of the future can be expected to offer even more features to assist drivers on the road and in parking. Innovation will definitely develop towards power and super-efficiency.
The technological revolution in the auto industry began over a century ago. Any technology is recognized to make life easier for people (us). Since the appearance of the first cars, our life has become more diverse and interesting. After all, with the help of a motor vehicle, we can cover long distances. The advent of the automatic transmission made it easier for us to change gears. Cruise control allows our feet to rest. There are many other technologies that make driving a real pleasure.
We invite our readers to familiarize themselves with six new auto technologies in the automotive industry, which traditionally and, as is customary, continue to simplify the operation of a modern car for the driver. Unfortunately for us, most of the cars are still missing these latest developments presented by us in this list. In order for this or that technology to take root specifically in the automotive industry, it is necessary that some time has passed, during which this (any) development would prove its necessity and would become cheaper at cost.
Despite the fact that the technologies presented by us are installed today on a few other car brands, anyway, at least this list gives our readers an opportunity to look with us into the future, where it is possible, someday, all these technologies will become commonplace. factor and will be applied on almost all machines without exception.
1) Automatic parking assistant.
For many of us, weekends or holidays are associated with trips to various shopping centers and shops, where, as you know, some kind of quiet horror is going on at the car park. Finding a place to park your car often turns into a headache. Even if you find a place to park, then you spend a lot of time on it, which is usually always lacking. Do you know this friends? We have no doubts. For this today there is the latest modern technology from the company "Audi", which offers the motorist its own.
How it works? Let's take a closer look. Having driven up to a shopping center or store, you get out of the car near the entrance, and the car, using a special system, will independently find a parking space and park without your participation and even in your absence. When, after shopping or visiting a store using a smartphone and special software, you are going to inform or inform your car that you left the shopping center in order for it to independently drive up to the place of your disembarkation, the program using this system will instantly execute your command ... Fantastic, isn't it? But no. Not so long ago, the representative of the company "Audi" officially announced that this development has been completed and will soon begin to be installed on some car models.
For orientation in space, the car uses laser rangefinders (LIDAR), highly sensitive video cameras for correct navigation in the parking lot and a satellite navigation system that determines the location of the vehicle in space. The only but that we consider essential. In order for this system to fully function and not get lost, the following is necessary so that such a parking lot has external sensors that will inform the car of the coordinates of a free parking space.
Over time, when such systems become widespread, the owners of most shopping centers will most likely equip their parking lots with such electronic sensors.
Let us remind our readers that in many modern cars a similar system is already used, although it works in the presence of a driver who needs to press the gas and brake pedal himself. For semi-automatic parking, you need to drive up to a free parking space, turn on the parking assistant, and then pressing the brake or gas pedal, if necessary, wait until the car parks itself (the steering wheel will turn automatically). This parking aid is installed on cars and.
2) WiFi hotspot in the car.
A few years ago, the Internet played a not so important role in our life. Today everything has changed. We cannot imagine life without an Internet network, whether we are at work or at home. True, we still have such moments in life when we very rarely use the Internet. For example, in a car. Of course, we can log into the network from our smartphone and then check our e-mail or go to some site, for example, "Odnoklassniki". But what if you want to access the Internet for a specific purpose for which you access the network from your desktop computer, or laptop, or tablet? Then how to be?
For such purposes, the company "has a specific module - 3G / 4G, which can distribute WiFi to several electronic gadgets at a distance of 150 meters.
This initiative (know-how) has already been taken up by many automakers. For example, the company began to equip its cars with cellular modules that distribute WiFi. This WiFi module is also available in the car today.
General Motors plans to equip most of its cars with the same 4G LTE cellular modules and high-speed WiFi distribution system during 2014-2015.
3) Airless tires.
So for 80% of all motorists, the pressure in the wheels does not meet their established standards. The reason is simple, it is simple laziness or not knowing how to check the pressure in the wheels or how to inflate the wheel. In addition to increasing fuel consumption, improperly inflated wheels pose a safety hazard on the road. Also, tire pressure often changes due to certain temperature changes on the street. If tires are not sufficiently inflated, then this leads to premature wear. How can you solve the problem so as not to constantly pump the wheels?
Today there is a solution for this, which is directly related to the latest development of the Bridgestone company. After years of research, a rubber manufacturer has created. Instead of air, these tires have a micro mesh made of hard rubber. which, in fact, retains its shape and shape of the wheel even under extreme loads. Since the tire does not need air, when a wheel (tire) is punctured, the car can freely continue on its way without any danger. The thermoplastic material used in the manufacture of airless tires (including the tread) is made from recycled materials, making these concept tires environmentally friendly and meaningful compared to conventional rubber.
So far, Bridgestone has not announced an exact date for mass production of these innovative tires. But there is a chance that such environmentally friendly tires will be installed on many brands of cars in the next 5-10 years.
4) Air filling indication system.
While we dream of airless tires, the company has developed a new tire (wheel) fill notification system. For example, a new system has appeared on the Altima 2014 (2015 Nissan Teana) car, which shows the driver when the tires are inflated, their internal pressure, or when this pressure reaches the norm. How does it work? Nothing complicated. If you decide to pump up a wheel near your house, or work, or at a gas station, then by connecting the pump directly to the wheel, you will immediately see how the front fog lights or turn signals (depending on the modification) began to blink.
While the wheel is inflating, the fog lamp (s) will flash and inform you that the wheel (tire) is inflating. As soon as the pressure in the wheel reaches the required rate in accordance with the set parameters from the manufacturer, the car itself will give a signal with a horn and the flashing of the bulb in the fog lamp (s) will stop. That's the whole secret.
5) Smart headlights.
Driving a car at night in the rain or when it snows is difficult and very stressful, as the visibility on the road under such conditions is very poor and should be left to the best. And the thing is that our car headlights illuminate not only the road itself, but also raindrops or snow particles, which creates a big significant obstacle to our eyes for a clear view (overview) of the road. Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a specific headlight system that will improve your visibility in bad weather conditions. This system consists of: - a video camera, a projector, a laser beam splitter and a computer unit based on an Intel processor.
In order for snow or rain not to create large obstacles for your visibility in the headlights, the camera itself determines in the upper field of your view where a drop of rain or snow will fall and then independently projects a completely discolored obstacle in front of your eyes in the form these precipitation. This whole process takes 13 milliseconds. (!) As the developers themselves declare, the speed of such projection can be increased.
Headlight technologies are not developing as fast as electronics, for example. , which the maximum they can do is turn the headlight lenses when turning left and right and automatically turn off the high beam when an oncoming vehicle approaches you. Unfortunately friends, but the fact remains that in order for the headlights to become truly "smart" some significant leap in technology is needed. And who knows, maybe the development of scientists from Carnegie Mellon University will be this anticipated breakthrough in car headlight technology. Let's wait and see.
6) Hydrophobic coating of car windows.
For the first time, some new Cadenza car models of 2014 were equipped with hydrophobic side windows. What it is? Ordinary glass of a car is covered with a special hydrophobic coating that protects the glass from chips or damage, that is, prevents the glass from getting dirty and dirty with the same drops of water. The coating repels water and any condensation that collects. This coating sufficiently improves visibility in rainy weather and makes it easier to dry the glass after washing.
Unfortunately for us, we do not know anything else which automakers are equipping their cars with these hydrophobic windows today.
You are probably surprised friends that it was on a Korean car that the technology of hydrophobic windows was first applied? Or not really? But this is just not surprising. Automotive technologies, which have been developing at a doubled pace of late, often began to appear completely on inexpensive makes and models of cars. And this is primarily due to the fact that many new technologies at their cost today are not so expensive and do not require multi-billion dollar investments from manufacturers.
Modern cars have proven their ability to evolve. Every year, new technologies appear in the automotive world that revolutionize the idea of \u200b\u200bvehicles as such. Gradually descending into the budget or mid-price segments, they enter the masses, after which motorists simply do not understand how it was possible to live without these convenient and such necessary "little things". Power steering, vacuum brake booster, windshield wipers, heated seats ... can you imagine that once this was not on a car? We can hardly imagine it ... I'm sure not only us.
But there is another side to the coin. Because of the electronics boom, the driver's seat is gradually becoming electronics. Electronic assistants insure a person while driving, and in the last few years they have even begun to replace Homo sapiens in terms of driving. Such technical functions prevent the phenomenon of “driving pleasure” from occurring. When the driver, being part of the car, becomes its continuation. At these moments, a minimum barrier is established between him and the road. Electronics certainly prevents this symbiosis from occurring.
The ideal, in our opinion, is the use of secondary auxiliary functions, which are more aimed at servicing a comfortable stay in the car, which really make the routine better.
A selection of 13 such items reflects the best technical solutions in the automotive industry.
External view cameras
Reversing cameras have become a mandatory attribute of all passenger cars sold in the United States since May 1 of this year. At least one camera should be installed on the cheapest vehicle configuration. In more expensive configurations, there may be several cameras, which will allow you to observe the car from above on the central screen.
This feature makes parking the car much easier, and it will be safer and more convenient to maneuver in hard-to-reach places.
Radar Cruise Control
Conventional cruise control is a good thing, but radar-based adaptive systems are really ingenious.
Thanks to the work of the system, the machine automatically adjusts to the speed of the vehicle in front and adjusts the distance at a safe distance. With its help, you can relax a little and not strain on the highway in a traffic jam. The iron horse will do some of the work for you.
Suspension "Magnetic Ride Control"
Magnetic Adaptive Suspension is also among the top features to improve vehicle comfort and handling. Using a special fluid, shock absorbers can become stiff as in a sports car or as pliable as if you are driving in a limousine in a split second. Everything will depend on the target, speed limit and the surface under the wheels. The essence of the technology is based on the supply of electricity to the anode, which changes the physical properties of the shock absorbing fluid.
The technology is extremely popular with sports car manufacturers, and is used by everyone from Corvette to Ferrari.
Suspension Multimatic DSSV
Passive adjustable shock absorbers. Another type of suspension, without which it is impossible to imagine a modern SUV. Multimatic has invented the DSSV (dynamic suspension spool valve) adjustable shock absorbers, which allow wide range of compression and rebound forces. But at the same time with very high accuracy.
Used on all kinds of racing cars and SUVs such as Ford GT, Camaro Z / 28 and Colorado ZR2.
Dual clutch transmission
We know that nothing beats the feel of a manual transmission. But if you have an automatic transmission, you can't go wrong with the dual clutch. Shifts will be smooth and lightning fast, taking ride comfort to the next level, and transmission response times are unlikely to be improved.
Electronic limited-slip differential
Mechanical limited-slip differentials have proven their worth in the 90s. But progress does not stand still. If you want to get a feel for what a car with advanced technology on board is capable of, you must opt \u200b\u200bfor an electronic system.
Depending on which corner you enter, they can lock / unlock the desired side and send power to the desired wheel that needs the most torque.
Torque / braking vectorization
This system works by braking the inner wheel while cornering to simulate the operation of a limited slip differential.
It allows you to better distribute torque to the wheels and give more grip to the tires.
Basically, the function works without problems, that is, you will not feel that it is there at all. You will just see the result.
Control of "dead" zones
Another extremely important and convenient security system. Everyone knows that long and large vehicles have so-called “dead” zones in their mirrors, in which even KAMAZ can be lost. To prevent this, automakers agreed to install special indicators on the outside mirrors, controlled by a computer and cameras. If there is a car on the next lane and you cannot change lanes, the car itself will tell you about it.
Collision warning system
We see no downside to avoiding accidents whenever possible. Collision avoidance systems such as the Subaru Vision can warn you of a potential collision and even apply the brakes for you if there is no reaction.
Heated and ventilated seats
There is no better feeling than jumping into a ventilated seat on a hot day. The same goes for the warm feeling that the heated seat gives you on a winter day. If you have had a car with heated seats, or better yet, with ventilation, it is difficult to return to the usual Zhiguli seats.
Massage
While a rare function that in the future may become extremely popular with all drivers without exception. All 33 pleasures that no one could have dreamed of even 10 years ago.
Heated steering wheel
Heated seats is a good thing, but it's equally nice to feel the warmth warming your hands on a cold day. For this, they came up with a heated steering wheel.
There is no need to wear gloves when driving to work in the morning in winter. The car has already taken care of your comfort.
Head-up Display
Nothing should distract the driver from the situation on the road. Unfortunately, in real life, this scenario is almost never executed. Either the track needs to be changed on the central display, then you can see how much fuel is left in the tank, then some kind of pictogram flashed on the dashboard. So that the information is always in front of your eyes and come up with a Head-up display.
Introduction
.Carputer .Autopilot .GPS .Parking radar .Car alarm .Immobilizer Conclusion Introduction
Information technology (IT, from the English information technology, IT) is a wide class of disciplines and areas of activity related to technologies for managing and processing data, as well as creating data, including using computer technology. Recently, information technology is most often understood as computer technology. In particular, IT deals with the use of computers and software to store, transform, protect, process, transmit and receive information. Computer technicians and programmers are often referred to as IT professionals. According to the definition adopted by UNESCO, IT is a complex of interrelated scientific, technological, engineering disciplines that study methods of effective organization of the work of people involved in processing and storing information; computing technology and methods of organizing and interacting with people and production equipment, their practical applications, as well as related social, economic and cultural problems. IT itself requires complex training, high upfront costs, and high technology. Their implementation should begin with the creation of software, the formation of information flows in the systems of training specialists. The following definitions are given in the resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus: information technology - a set of processes, methods of searching, receiving, transmitting, collecting, processing, accumulating, storing, distributing and (or) providing information, as well as using information and protecting information. Information and communication infrastructure (ICI) is a set of hardware and software, communications, personnel, technologies, standards and protocols that ensure the creation, transfer, processing, use, storage, protection and destruction of information. Information and communication technologies (ICT) - information processes and methods of working with information, carried out with the use of telecommunications and computer technology Information technology is used almost everywhere. Here I will describe its use in transport. 1. Carputer
Carputer or Onboarder (other names - onboard, car computer, car PC, computer) is an analogue of a home personal computer installed in a car and specially designed to work in a car. Onborders are used for auto navigation, internet connection, entertainment. The capabilities of the onborder combine the functionality of traditional narrow-purpose devices (car radios, navigators, DVD-players) with the capabilities of a personal computer. Basic information The main advantage of a car computer is functionality. With the use of a car computer, there is no need for a separate installation of a navigator, parking sensors, TV, DVD. Each of these useful devices requires a separate installation location and is controlled separately ... In a car computer, control is most often organized through a touchscreen LCD monitor (sizes from 7 "to 15" diagonally). Monitors can be motorized or manual, built into the console, have mounting dimensions 1 \\ 2DIN, 1DIN or 2DIN, built into the roof, free standing (removable). There are monitors built into the torpedo and cavities for different brands of cars. In addition to the already standard car functions - (TV, GPS, DVD) - the car computer allows you to use the Internet and e-mail on the road, diagnose the car electronics, record the traffic situation, and also has many other useful functions. The car computer allows you to control GPS modes - to quickly change maps, use both vector and raster maps. Using the Internet allows you to track traffic jams, listen to Internet radio, watch videoconferences, search for the necessary information far from home or office. The car computer performs the function of a radar detector (or connects to the existing one). Speakerphone and road radio, audio control and parking sensors - all in one device For fans of fast driving on highways and frequent trips through many kilometers of traffic jams, the car computer may have an injector control function. You can make it more powerful in real time or, conversely, reduce the power of the car to reduce fuel consumption and implement a smoother start of movement (for traffic jams) with powerful engines. To do this, you will need a cable (OBD-II, VAG-com and others) to connect the injector processor to the car computer and the corresponding software. History The history of car computers began in 1981 when IBM developed the first on-board computer for BMW cars. 16 years later, Apollo appeared - the prototype of the first car computer created by Microsoft Corporation, which has remained a prototype. In 2000, the American company Tracer created and tested the first full-time onboard, and started mass production. In addition to Tracer onborders, the two-din 2DIN Tracer CarPC onboard is very popular in the Russian market. There are also Chinese solutions. 2. Autopilot
Autopilot is a device or hardware-software complex that drives a vehicle along a certain trajectory. Most often, autopilots are used to control aircraft, due to the fact that the flight usually takes place in a space that does not contain a large number of obstacles, as well as to control vehicles moving along rail tracks. A modern autopilot allows you to automate all stages of flight or movement of another vehicle. In aviation, automatic control systems (ACS, BSU or ABSU) received a deeper development of flight automation, and as more complex structured complexes - NPK, PNK, PrNK, etc. ACS allows, in addition to stabilizing the aircraft in space and on the route, also to implement programmed control at various stages of the flight. The most sophisticated self-propelled guns take over a significant part of the aircraft control functions in "helm mode", making control for the pilot easy and uniform, countering turbulence, preventing drifts, slipping, reaching critical flight modes and even prohibiting or ignoring some of the pilot's actions. In automatic modes, the ACS guides the aircraft along a given route (or implements a more complex combat application subprogram), using flight and navigation information from a group of its own sensors, aircraft systems, ground radio navigation aids, or even executing commands from the onboard equipment of a neighboring aircraft (some combat aircraft can operate in a pair or a group, constantly exchanging tactical information via radio channels, developing tactics of joint actions and performing a flight task in an automatic (more often semi-automatic) mode. The trajectory control subsystem allows you to perform an approach with high accuracy without crew intervention. As control bodies, they have long tried not to use steering gears included in the control wiring, and use direct control of the steering units, mixing control signals from the ACS into the signals from the steering wheel (or RUS). To create the pilot's usual efforts on the controls, quite but a complex electromechanical loading simulation system. Recently, this practice is gradually moving away, reasonably believing that no matter how you imitate, all the same, most of the aircraft control process is automated. Increasingly, in the cockpit of modern aircraft, side sticks are used. The main problem in the construction of autopilots (AP) and automatic control systems is flight safety. In the simplest aviation autopilots, the pilot can quickly deactivate the autopilot in case of violations of its normal operation, the possibility of "overpowering" the steering gears by manual control, mechanical disconnection of the steering gears from the control wiring. Automatic control systems are initially designed for failures while maintaining the main functions of work and a set of measures is provided to improve flight safety. ACS are designed as multichannel, that is, two, three and even four absolutely identical control channels work in parallel for a common steering gear (RP) and the failure of one or two channels does not affect the overall performance of the system. The control system (SC) constantly monitors the correspondence of the input signals, the passage of signals through the circuits and performs continuous control of the output parameters of the ACS throughout the flight, as a rule, using the quorum method (majority vote) or comparison with a standard, and in the event of any failure, the system independently decides on the possibility of further operation of the mode, its switching to a backup channel, a duplicate mode or transfer of control to the pilot. A good method of general control of the ACS health is pre-flight test control, the method of "running" a step-by-step program that sends stimulating simulation signals to various input circuits of the system, which causes actual deviations of the steering and control surfaces of the aircraft in different operating modes. The concept of "autopilots" (sometimes in slang form) includes, in addition to the classic aviation autopilot, also systems for automatic piloting, driving or control of all kinds of walking, wheeled, floating or winged machines (robots), and developing systems for automatic control of cars in highway conditions ... An example of an automatic vehicle control channel is the current speed stabilization system known as "cruise control" ("autospeed", "autodrive") (English Global Positioning System) (read by JPE) - navigation satellites providing time and distance measurement; global positioning system) - satellite navigation system, often referred to as GPS. Allows to determine the location and speed of objects in any place on the Earth (not including the polar regions), in almost any weather, as well as in outer space near the planet. The system is designed, implemented and operated by the US Department of Defense. The main principle of using the system is to determine the location by measuring the distance to the object from points with known coordinates - satellites. The distance is calculated from the signal propagation delay time from its sending by the satellite to being received by the GPS receiver antenna. That is, to determine the three-dimensional coordinates, the GPS-receiver needs to know the distance to three satellites and the time of the GPS system. Thus, signals from at least four satellites are used to determine the coordinates and height of the receiver. History The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating satellite navigation was born in the 50s. At the moment when the USSR launched the first artificial Earth satellite, American scientists, led by Richard Kershner, observed the signal emanating from the Soviet satellite and found that, thanks to the Doppler effect, the frequency of the received signal increases with the approach of the satellite and decreases with its distance. The essence of the discovery was that if you know exactly your coordinates on Earth, it becomes possible to measure the position and speed of the satellite, and vice versa, knowing the position of the satellite exactly, you can determine your own speed and coordinates. This idea was realized 20 years later. In 1973 the DNSS program was initiated, later renamed Navstar-GPS and then GPS. The first test satellite was launched into orbit on July 14, 1974 by the United States, and the last of all 24 satellites required to fully cover the earth's surface was launched in 1993, thus putting GPS into service. It became possible to use GPS for precise guidance of missiles to stationary, and then to moving objects in the air and on the ground. Originally GPS, a global positioning system, was developed as a purely military project. But after a 269-passenger Korean Airlines plane that had invaded Soviet airspace was shot down in 1983, US President Ronald Reagan authorized partial use of the navigation system for civilian purposes. To avoid the use of the system for military purposes, the accuracy was reduced by a special algorithm. Then there was information that some companies had deciphered the algorithm for reducing the accuracy at the L1 frequency and successfully compensated for this component of the error. In 2000, this coarsening of accuracy was reversed by a presidential decree. The system is based on navigation satellites moving around the Earth along 6 circular orbital trajectories (4 satellites in each), with a radius of about 20180 km. Satellites emit signals open for use in the bands: L1 \u003d 1575.42 MHz and L2 \u003d 1227.60 MHz (starting with the IIR-M Block), and IIF models will also emit at L5 \u003d 1176.45 MHz. Navigation information can be received by the antenna (usually in a line of sight to satellites) and processed using a GPS receiver. Standard precision code (C / A code - BPSK (1) modulation) transmitted in the L1 band (and L2C (BPSK modulation) signal in the L2 band from IIR-M onwards) is distributed without restriction on use. Artificial damping of the signal (selective access mode - SA), originally used on L1, has been disabled since May 2000. Since 2007, the United States has finally abandoned the method of artificial coarsening. It is planned with the launch of the Block III devices to introduce a new L1C signal (BOC (1,1) modulation) in the L1 band. It will have backward compatibility, improved trackability and more compatibility with Galileo L1 signals. For military users, signals in the L1 / L2 bands are additionally available, modulated with an anti-jamming cryptographic P (Y) code (BPSK (10) modulation). Starting with IIR-M devices, a new M-code has been put into operation (modulation BOC (15,10) is used). The use of the M-code allows the system to function within the framework of the Navwar concept (navigation war). The M-code is transmitted on the existing L1 and L2 frequencies. This signal has increased noise immunity, and it is enough to determine the exact coordinates (in the case of the P-code, it was necessary to receive the C / A code as well). Another feature of the M-code will be the ability to transmit it for a specific area with a diameter of several hundred kilometers, where the signal strength will be 20 decibels higher. The conventional M signal is already available in the IIR-M satellites, while the narrow-beam signal will be available only with the help of GPS-III satellites. The launch of the IIF block satellite introduced a new frequency L5 (1176.45 MHz). This signal is also called safety of life (protection of human life). The L5 signal is 3 dB more powerful than the civil signal and has 10 times the bandwidth. The signal can be used in critical situations associated with a threat to human life. The signal will be fully used after 2014. satellites provide 100% system performance anywhere in the world, but they cannot always provide reliable reception and good position calculation. Therefore, in order to increase positioning accuracy and reserve in case of failures, the total number of satellites in orbit is maintained in a larger number. Space segment ground control stations Tracking of the orbital constellation is carried out from the main control station located at the US Air Force Schriever, Colorado, USA and using 10 tracking stations, of which three stations are capable of sending correction data to satellites in the form of radio signals with a frequency of 2000-4000 MHz. The latest generation satellites share the received data among other satellites. GPS application Despite the fact that the GPS project was originally aimed at military purposes, today GPS is increasingly used for civilian purposes. GPS receivers are sold in many electronics stores and are embedded in mobile phones, smartphones, PDAs, and onborders. Consumers are also offered various devices and software products that allow them to see their location on an electronic map; having the ability to lay routes taking into account road signs, permitted turns and even traffic jams; search on the map for specific houses and streets, attractions, cafes, hospitals, gas stations and other infrastructure facilities. · Geodesy: using GPS, the exact coordinates of points and boundaries of land plots are determined · Cartography: GPS is used in civil and military cartography · Navigation: using GPS, both sea and road navigation are carried out · Satellite monitoring of transport: using GPS, the position, speed of cars, control over their movement is monitored · Cellular: The first mobile phones with GPS appeared in the 90s. In some countries, for example the United States, this is used to quickly determine the location of a person calling 911. In 2010, a similar project, Era-Glonass, was launched in Russia. · Tectonics, Plate Tectonics: GPS monitors plate movements and vibrations · Outdoor activities: there are different games that use GPS, for example, Geocaching, etc. · Geotagging: information, such as photographs, are "geotagged" to coordinates thanks to built-in or external GPS receivers Accuracy Typical horizontal accuracy of modern GPS receivers is about 10-12 meters with good satellite visibility. In the United States and Canada, there are WAAS stations that transmit corrections for the differential mode, which makes it possible to reduce the error to 1-2 meters in these countries. When using more complex differential modes, the accuracy of determining the coordinates can be brought to 10 cm. Unfortunately, the accuracy of any SNS strongly depends on the openness of space, on the height of the satellites used above the horizon. A common disadvantage of using any radio navigation system is that under certain conditions the signal may not reach the receiver, or arrive with significant distortion or delays. For example, it is almost impossible to determine your exact location in the depths of an apartment inside a reinforced concrete building, in a basement or in a tunnel. Since the operating frequency of GPS lies in the decimeter range of radio waves, the signal reception from satellites can seriously deteriorate under dense foliage or due to very large clouds. Normal GPS signal reception can be damaged by interference from many terrestrial radio sources, as well as from magnetic storms. A low inclination of GPS orbits (about 55) seriously degrades accuracy in the circumpolar regions of the Earth, since GPS satellites rise slightly above the horizon. An essential feature of GPS is the complete dependence of the conditions for receiving the signal from the US Department of Defense. So, for example, during the fighting in Iraq, the civilian GPS sector was disabled. Now the US Department of Defense has decided to start a complete GPS system upgrade. It was planned for a long time, but it was possible to start implementing this project only now. The upgrade will replace old satellites with new ones designed and manufactured by Lockheed Martin and Boeing. It is claimed that they will be able to provide positioning accuracy with an error of 0.5 meters. Of course, the implementation of this program will take some time. The US Department of Defense claims that it will be possible to fully complete the system update only after 10 years. It is interesting that the number of satellites will not be changed: there will still be 30 of them - 24 working and 6 standby. 4. Parking radar
Parking Radar, also known as Acoustic Parking System (APS), Parktronic or Ultrasonic Parking Sensor, is an auxiliary parking system installed on some vehicles. The word “radar” in the name is, strictly speaking, incorrect, since the device uses not radio, but sound waves. Thus, it is correct to call such devices not radars, but sonars. The system uses ultrasonic sensors embedded in the front and rear bumpers to measure the distance to nearby objects. The system emits an intermittent warning sound (and, in some versions, displays distance information on an LCD display built into the dashboard, in the rearview mirror, etc.) to indicate how far the vehicle is from an obstacle. When the distance to an obstacle decreases, the warning signal increases the frequency. It makes the first sounds when approaching an obstacle by 1-2 meters, and in case of a dangerous approach to an obstacle (10-40 cm, depending on the model), the sound signal becomes continuous. On some models, the system can be disabled, for example, for off-road use. Typically, the system will automatically engage with reverse gear (for example, power can be supplied from the reversing lamp circuit). In Russia, parking radars first became known under the Parktronic trademark, this is the name of the parking system on Mercedes-Benz cars. In this regard, in colloquial Russian the word "parktronic" began to denote parking radars of any manufacturers. Other brands use different names: BMW and Audi in German call the system simply "park assist" - Parkassistent. Audi also uses the abbreviation APS, which stands for Audi Parkassistenzsysteme in German or Audi parking system in English. There are many types of parking systems, differing mainly in the number and location of ultrasonic transducers. The simplest systems use two sensors mounted on the rear bumper of the car. The system is activated when the driver engages in reverse gear. The most common are similar systems that use 4 sensors located on the rear bumper at a distance of 30-40 cm from each other. This arrangement of the sensors eliminates the appearance of "dead zones". In more complex systems, 2 or 4 sensors are installed on the front bumper. The system warns of approaching an obstacle when you press the brake pedal. Exceptional systems can use more sensors, as well as sensors located on the sides of the vehicle. Operating principle The system includes: .the electronic unit .ultrasonic transducers .indication devices (LCD) and sound notification (buzzer) The system works on the principle of an echo sounder. The transmitter generates an ultrasonic (about 40 kHz) pulse and then perceives the signal reflected by surrounding objects. The electronic unit measures the time elapsed between emission and reception of the reflected signal, and, taking the speed of sound in air as a constant, calculates the distance to the object. Thus, several sensors are interrogated in turn and, based on the information received, information is displayed on the display device and, if necessary, warning signals are given using a sound warning device. Application Several years ago, parking radars were installed only on some complete sets of expensive cars, such as Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz. Now that the components of the system have become more accessible, parking radars are routinely installed by various manufacturers, including budget cars. In Russia, the AvtoVAZ plant is installing a standard parking radar on Lada Priora cars in the Lux configuration. Almost any car that does not have a parking radar as standard can be installed as an additional option. Car enthusiasts who have some skills in the repair and maintenance of cars, having bought a kit for installation in a store, can also independently install a similar system on their car. Features of use Although the system is designed to help the car enthusiast, you cannot completely rely on it. Regardless of the presence of the system, the driver is obliged to visually check the absence of any obstacles before driving in any direction. Some objects cannot be detected by the parking radar due to the physical principles of operation, and some can cause false alarms of the system. Parking radar can give false signals in the following cases: .Ice, snow, or other debris on the sensor. .Being on a road with an uneven surface, unpaved surface, with a slope. .Cross-country driving. .The presence of sources of increased noise within the range of the sensor. .Work in heavy rain or snow. .Operation of radio transmitting devices within the range of the sensor. .Towing a trailer. .Parking in tight spaces (echo effect). The system may not respond to the following items: .Sharp or thin objects such as chains, cables, thin posts. .Objects that absorb ultrasonic radiation (clothing, porous materials, snow). .Items less than 1 meter high. .Objects that reflect sound away from the sensors. .The system cannot detect holes in the asphalt, open wells, scattered small sharp objects and other dangerous objects that are out of the field of view of the sensors. 5. Car alarm acoustic car navigation parking Car alarm - an electronic device installed in a car, designed to protect it from theft, theft of components of this vehicle or other things in the car. Device As a rule, it consists of a main unit, a transceiver (antenna), a key fob, a shock sensor, a service button and an indicator in the form of an LED. Car alarms are available with feedback, that is, the key fob-pager informs about the state of the car. Anti-theft protection Car alarms do not provide a 100% guarantee against theft, however, it significantly reduces the attractiveness of small hijackers. Some models of car alarms can be connected to a GSM / GPRS module, with the ability to control alarm functions from a cell phone by sending SMS. Dialogue code Dialogue code is a special way of security code for car alarms. It uses the authentication technology widely known in cryptography through an unsecured channel for keyfob identification. Having received a signal, the system makes sure that it was sent from "its" key fob, and this happens not once, but in a dialogue. In response to the first signal, the system sends a request to the key fob in the form of a random number, which is processed by the key fob using a special algorithm and sent back. Signaling processes its message according to the same algorithm, comparing the received response with its data. If they match, the command is executed, and a confirmation is sent to the keyfob. The dialog code provides additional protection against electronic hacking. To hack car alarms, hijackers use a code grabber - a device that copies the codes of most existing car alarms. Thus, it breaks them. There are blacklists of car alarms on the Internet that can be opened by a code grabber. You can buy a code grabber online for 100 thousand rubles. It is sold for testing alarms in car services and insurance companies. A diagram and description for assembling a code grabber can be downloaded from thematic resources. Other functions Also, alarms are auto-start. On some models, autostart is provided upon the fact that the temperature of the engine compartment has dropped to a certain level and (or) with a certain time interval. ... Immobilizer
Immobilizer (from the English immobilizer - "immobilizer") A car immobilizer is a device that immobilizes a car. The main task of the immobilizer is to break one or more electrical circuits vital for the operation of the machine and thus prevent theft. The principle of operation of the immobilizer lies in the failure of connecting the electrical circuits of the car in the most significant places - in those that are responsible for connecting the electrical circuits of the starter, ignition, engine. Thanks to this, the car is guaranteed to remain in the parking lot, even if intruders get inside. When using additional devices, such as solenoid valves, it is possible to block the operation of non-electrical systems. Enabling and disabling the immobilizer should be accessible only to the owner of the car. As a rule, an electronic code key is used for this purpose. Less common are manual coding models. Before starting the car, the owner must insert the code key into a special slot and turn off the immobilizer. In systems with manual dialing of the code, in order to turn off the immobilizer, you must enter the code set by the owner. Also an important feature of the immobilizer is that when it is destroyed or unauthorized shutdown, the vehicle systems remain locked. All types of immobilizers have the function of automatic arming after a certain period, during which no actions were taken by the owner. This significantly reduces the possibility of theft in short periods of time, when the owner of the car has gone somewhere without having the car armed. The immobilizer (standard) consists of three main parts. It: .Control block. The control unit is the center from which signals are received to activate the entire system. .Electromagnetic relays. With the help of electromagnetic relays, the actual break in the sequence of connecting electrical wiring circuits is carried out in case of unauthorized entry into the car. .The key held by the owner of the car. The control unit recognizes only the owner's key, and only the owner of the car can carry out its factory. Thus, the differences between different types of immobilizers lie in the way these standard elements of the immobilizer system interact, for example, in the way the control unit communicates with the car's electrical circuits and the key. Conclusion
Information technology is widely included in our life and transport is no exception. Perhaps in the near future, electronics will replace all mechanical parts of the car. And they will work without the participation of the driver. List of used literature
1.Bodner V.A., Theory of automatic flight control, Moscow, 1964. .Aviation Equipment Handbook (AiREO) .Shebshaevich V.S., Dmitriev P.P., Ivantsev N.V. and etc.; ed. Shebshaevich V.S. Network satellite radio navigation systems. - 2nd ed., Rev. and additional .. - M .: Radio and communication, 1993. - 408 p. - ISBN 5-256-00174-4 .Kozlovsky E. The art of positioning // Around the world. - M .: 2006. - No. 12 (2795). - S. 204-280. .Sinelnikov A. X. Electronics in the car Sinelnikov A. X. 1986 .A. G. Khodasevich, T. I. Khodasevich Handbook on the device and repair of electronic devices in cars.
What to expect in the coming years? Why and how will your car get smart? In what direction will the automotive industry develop? Which technologies are already available and which ones are waiting for you?
A lot of things can change in just one decade. for instance every 5 years computer hardware becomes very outdated... True, we are still far from technology like in the Star Wars movie.
Let's start. For example, if you are reading this text, it means that you have access to the Internet. And if you go back, for example, in 1995, the Internet was available to a very small circle of people, as well as a computer. But since then, everything has changed dramatically. Now Internet access can be obtained from phone, from the player, choose a provider that best suits your needs and financial capabilities, and so on.
It's the same with cars, where even the Chinese have managed to implement the new Android system in their car. By the way, earlier to meet so many airbags in a variety of versions ( lateral, protecting knees and so on) was impossible on any machine.
Electric cars could only be found on the golf courses ... Cars are also changing, and the speed of implementation of new technologies will only increase every year.
Internet and car?
OnStar
It is possible to slow down transport remotely, preventing hijackers from escaping the police when chasing. Now there is a new feature that will help you recover stolen cars in hours, if not minutes.
The new technology is called Remote Ignition Block ( remote ignition lock). The OnStar operator has the ability to send a signal to the computer in the stolen car, which will block the ignition system and prevent it from restarting.
"This capability will not only help the authorities recover stolen vehicles, but also prevent dangerous chases."
Holographic information displays
Similar systems can be seen in or. The point is to display information directly on the windshield... Now there are working models capable of displaying information about speed, direction of movement and others. And in the near future we will be able to navigate the road without even seeing it. For example, General Motors has already taken its first steps in this direction.
General Motors is now working with a number of universities to develop the so-called "smart glass". GM expects to turn the glass into a transparent display on which information such as road markings, road signs or various objects such as pedestrians, which in fog or rain can be very problematic to recognize on the road.
Part of this technology has been shown in the Light Car, where, with LED technology, the car uses a transparent tailgate as a projection screen for visible communication between cars, which is very useful for all motorists. For example, how hard the driver presses on the brakes can be shown to the car that is driving from behind when the scale of the picture is illuminated on the display.
Communication of your car not only with other cars, but also with the infrastructure!
Soon all cars will be connected with each other and the road structure into a single whole, into a single network, which already has its own name - "car-to-X communication". Today several companies, including Audi, have begun to create it. Development is about making it possible "Communication" of your car not only with other cars, but also with infrastructure such as webcams at intersections, traffic lights or road signs.
Knowing on the state of traffic lights, traffic congestion and road conditions, the car can save energy by warning the driver against unnecessary acceleration / deceleration. The machine can even independently reserve a parking space... If the car gets into an emergency, it will be able to inform the surrounding cars about it so that other drivers can slow down in time and avoid a collision.
Audi has shown some of these innovations with an example E-tron
https://www.youtube.com/v/iRDRbLVTFrQ
Improving the security system
When talking about technologies that can improve the security situation, one of the main tasks of the developers is to Keep us on the same lane or even on the road in severe cases .
Improved engine starting system
In fact, this kind of system is not a matter of tomorrow, but of today. But it is impossible not to say about them, since they are one of the elements of that very efficient use of resources. It is about the system to automatically start or stop the engine.
Such decisions can already be observed in almost everyone: when it stops, the engines turn off; to get under way, you do not need to start the engine again, you just need to press the gas pedal. And if we talk about the future of this technology, then over time it can be closely integrated with the car-to-X system, to further reduce fuel consumption... For example, having received information that a traffic light turns red at an intersection, the car can turn off the main engine and continue driving only on the electric motor, thereby saving some energy.
Autopilot or precise cruise control
Brake assist systems installed on the vehicle sonar / laser or radar have already become a standard option installed in expensive cars. But, like other developments that first appeared in the cars of the upper price range, this one will also soon migrate to the cheaper segment.
This kind of technology that able to prevent a collision with the vehicle in front, can help in traffic safety and is useful mainly for novice drivers, so its appearance will be very useful. If manufacturers continue to improve this technology, and it will, we may soon see something like an autopilot.
“Our goal for 2020 is that no one gets hurt by Volvo cars”, Says Senior Security Advisor Thomas Berger, referring to new pedestrian detection systemin .
Motion monitoring or "Dead Zones"
Two more, undoubtedly necessary technologies that can help in improving the security situation are monitoring of the so-called "blind spots" and lane crossing warning system... For example, the new system, which is planned to be installed in cars from 2011, combines the two technologies. The system will not only be able to alert the driver if he without a turn signal will start rebuilding to the adjacent lane, but also prevent rebuildingif the row is occupied by another vehicle. Naturally, Infiniti will not be the only car where we will be able to observe such technologies.
The so-called "blind spot". Companies such as BMW, Ford, GM, Mazda and Volvo offer special systems that use cameras or sensors built into mirrorscontrolling dead zones. Small hazard warning lights installed next to the rear-view mirrors warn the driver about the vehicle being in the blind spot, and if there is no reaction from the driver and he started changing lanes, the system is accepted more actively warn of interference by making sounds, or, depending on the brand, starts steering wheel vibration... The downside is that such systems only work at low speeds.
Cross Traffic Alert System: it is a radar that operates on the basis of a "blind spot" monitoring system. The system is capable of detecting the movement of vehicles in a cross direction while driving in reverse... Cross Traffic Alert can detect the approach of a car at a distance of 19.8 meters from both the left and right sides, where special radars are installed. This feature is currently available on Ford and Lincoln vehicles.
Crossing road markings
Several companies, including Audi, BMW, Ford, Infiniti, Lexus, Mercedes-Benz, Nissan and Volvo, offer similar solutions. The system uses small cameras that read road markings, and if you cross it without turning on the turn signal, the system issues a warning sign. Depending on the system, this may be beep or light signals, steering vibration or slight belt tension... For example, Infiniti applies automatic braking on one side of the car, to prevent the vehicle from leaving the lane.
Parking
The day is not far off when cars will be able to drive without human assistance. I set the desired destination, and you sit yourself sipping coffee and looking at the morning press. But while this day has not yet come, and many automakers are beginning to slowly prepare us for this. For example, many companies are already installing automated parking assistance systems ... Such systems work as follows: the car uses radars to determine whether there is enough space to park. Further, it helps the driver to choose the correct steering angle and practically puts the car in the parking space. Of course, it still cannot do without human help, but very soon such systems will appear in which human participation will not be necessary. You can get out of the car and watch the whole process from the side.
Tracking driver status: a tired driver can be just as dangerous as a driver, drunk driving (and you need to drink that in accordance with the law).
Vehicle-integrated tracking systems that recognize signs of fatigue in the movements and reactions of the driver and warn of the need to take a break, available from several car manufacturers. These are Lexus, Mercedes-Benz, Saab and Volvo. For example, in Mercedes such a system is called Attention Assist: it first studies the driving style, in particular turning the steering wheel rim, turning on the direction indicators and pressing the pedals, and also monitors some of the driver's control actions and such in external factors such as side wind and uneven road surfaces... If Attention Assist detects driver fatigue, it informs him to stop for a little rest. Attention Assist does this with a beep and warning message on the instrument cluster display.
In Volvo cars a similar system is also present, but it works a little differently... The system does not monitor the driver's behavior, but assesses the movement of the vehicle on the road. If something goes wrong, the system alerts the driver before the situation becomes critical.
Night vision cameras
Night vision systems reduce road traffic accidents at night... Currently offered by companies such as Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Audi in the new A8 model... Such systems are able to help the driver to see pedestrians, animals, or better see road signs at night. BMW uses for this infrared camerawhich transmits the image to the monitor in black and white format. The camera distinguishes objects at a distance of up to 300 meters. The infrared system of Mercedes-Benz has more short range, but is capable of producing more sharp image, but its disadvantage is poor performance at low temperatures.
And Toyota engineers have recently been working to improve night vision systems that can help drivers navigate more confidently at night. The other day, they presented a prototype camera, the work of which is based on algorithms and principles for constructing images discovered in the course of studying the functioning of the eyes of night bees, bees and moths, which can see in a wider range of colors, and are also adapted to more fully capture light, which is not so much in the dark at night. New digital image processing algorithm can capture high-quality full-color images in low light conditions from a moving at high vehicle speeds... Plus, the camera is able to automatically adapt to changes in light levels.
Demonstration of the thermal imager - night vision cameras for the car
https://www.youtube.com/v/ghzyW0HaXMs
Seat belts
Last year, Ford introduced the world's first seat belts with inflatable pillows... According to the developers, this system will significantly increase the protection of rear seat passengers, and especially young children, who are more likely than adults to be injured in an accident. Belt-integrated airbag inflates in 40 milliseconds... It is planned that such belts will be fitted by Ford on the Explorer 2011 model year, but only for rear passengers. In the future, similar systems will be extended to other car manufacturers.
https://www.youtube.com/v/MN5htEaRk4A
Hybrids and electricians
Recently, almost all car manufacturers, large and small, are trying to achieve greater efficiency, or efficiency, from powertrains, while relying on new fuels and engines, trying to reduce consumption and increase the average mileage per charge / refueling. Already today we can observe a large number of mass-produced cars, and almost every automaker has a hybrid car in its portfolio. There will only be more of them in the next decade.
Wireless battery charging
In connection with the upcoming proliferation of cars on rechargeable batteries, the question of their problem-free, and most importantly, fast recharge... Of course, you can unscrew the extension cord with the plug from the car and plug it into a regular outlet. But this is not available to everyone.
It's hard to imagine a city dweller pulling a plug to the sixth floor. Or the option with free sockets on the streets looks quite futuristic. Another option that doesn't seem so fantastic is induction chargers... In addition, the technology is already being tested on smaller devices such as iPods and mobile phones. Chargers of this kind could be built into parking spaces in large stores, for example.
Active aerodynamics
Despite the fact that all car manufacturers have long been using wind tunnels , and in this aspect there is much to strive for.
For example, BMW, in its BMW Vision Efficient Dynamics concept car, already successfully uses air intake control... Depending on the driving conditions and the outside temperature, the dampers in front of the radiator are opened or closed by a signal from the system. When closed, it improves aerodynamics and shortens engine warm-up time, thereby reducing fuel consumption. Naturally, BMW is not the only company using this technology.
KERS - regenerative braking
This is a type of electric braking in which the electricity generated by the traction motors operating in generator mode is returned to the electrical network.
Only in the 2009 season in "" on some cars the kinetic energy recovery system (KERS) is used. It was calculated that this would spur developments in the field of hybrid vehicles and further improvements of this system.
As you know, Ferrari introduced a hybrid coupe based on 599th model, with the KERS system.
Cars of the future
The year is 2057. The limited space of city streets and vertical architecture requires the automotive industry to create the latest vehicles that can survive in the urban jungle and arrange vertical races. Automotive manufacturers find innovative solutions in biomimicry, where four nanolaser wheels easily adapt to any track.
held together by magnetic fields), which can recover its shape with a single click on the alarm key fob or inside the car. The driver will be able to choose the type of car body from several possible "pre-installed" skins. The choice of car color is simply unlimited - a dream for girls who are choosing a car for themselves the color of their favorite lipstick.
Magnetic fields will help the concept to instantly regenerate upon impact. SilverFlow restores its original shape with a simple "reset"... The appearance of the golden areas will inform about the completion of the "transformation" and the readiness of the car to travel.
The transfer of mechanical energy to the wheels, according to the thoughts of Mercedes, is transmitted by a special fluid, the molecules of which are set in motion by electrostatic nanomotors. Four swivel wheels allow the car to turn in place and park sideways. You will not find the steering wheel and the usual pedals in SilverFlow, acceleration and direction of movement will be set by two levers installed on the sides of the driver's seat.
Honda zeppelin
This Honda, was created by a student who studied at the Automobile Design Department at Hongik University in Korea.
Sequence GT
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