Automobile transport is a source of increased danger. In this case, the danger arises both for people staying inside the transport during its movement, and for those outside (pedestrians, passengers and drivers of other vehicles).
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Child safety in the operation of the vehicle today is brought to the fore, so the topic of child seats is relevant.
So you can carry a child in the front seat in a child seat, what do the traffic rules and traffic police say about this?
Concept
A child car seat is a device designed to restrain children and ensure safety in the process of transporting children under 12 years old. They are fixed with the seat belts of the car itself, as well as additional. attachments to one of the passenger transport seats.
Installation and transportation of children in a car seat - compliance with the requirements of current legislation.
Standards
In the Russian Federation, standards in the field of transporting children are established by domestic ones.
As for personal transport, children up to 12 years are transported with special features, namely, in a seat belt strapped in the front seat, and up to 7 years and in the back seat as well, from 7 to 12 years old simply fastened with seat belts at the back. As for children from 12 years old, then the rules for their transportation are the same as for an adult.
The traffic rules also contain the rules for transporting children in organized groups, by truck, motorcycle, moped.
In addition to traffic rules, issues of transportation of children are settled in:
- Administrative Code of the Russian Federation;
- The Criminal Code of the Russian Federation;
- Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
The main types of restraints
Car seats for children on the market are presented in a large assortment and are classified mainly by the weight and age of young passengers:
- Infant car seat.
Designed for transporting children under one year old and weighing up to 10 kg... Such seats make it possible to transport the child in a horizontal position, and for the smallest they are also equipped with a special anatomical insert.
- Cocoon seat for children weighing up to 13 kg or age 1.5 years.
The appearance of such a seat is an average version between an infant car seat or a full-fledged seat. When installed in a car, it is placed with its back in the direction of travel.
- Armchair for children weighing 9-18 kg and age from 9 months to 4 years.
The design assumes installation with the back in the direction of travel, but there is a possibility of installation in the direction of travel with the face. Traffic rules and law enforcement practice leaves a gap in the legality of installing the chair with a person in the direction of travel.
- Chair for children weighing 15-25 kg and age from 3 to 7 years... The chair is installed in such a way that the child is facing in the direction of travel.
- Chair (booster - has no back) for children weighing 22-36 kg and age from 6 to 12 years old.
Video: details
Location comparison
The car seat can be installed both in front and behind, it all depends on the characteristics of the seat itself and the vehicle. But each of the options has its own characteristics, positive and negative sides.
On the front
Installing a child seat on the front seat has advantages as well as disadvantages.
Of the pros:
- The likelihood that the child will be capricious is less, since it is more interesting for him to observe what is happening around, since the view is larger.
- It is easier to control the behavior and condition of the baby (it is important when the driver and the child are the only passengers in the car).
- For children who are seasick in transport, overcome the ride in the front seat.
- There are cars (most often the year of production of which is far from today), the rear seat does not allow the installation and fastening of seats for transporting children from the back.
The disadvantages of this seating arrangement are:
- Attempts by children out of curiosity to influence transport management, and often such attempts are crowned with success;
- The kid can create obstacles in management, block mirrors, etc. and just constantly distract the driver;
- The front passenger seat is statistically more dangerous in the event of an accident.
In the back
Placing a car seat in the rear passenger seat is the best option. This is because the entire model range of car seats is focused on this, and also because such a position is as safe as possible both from the point of view of getting into an accident and from the position that so the child will not be able to put the driver to control the transport.
The disadvantages of this placement are that the child is out of the driver's field of vision, which is inconvenient if there is no one else in the car.
What is ISOFIX
Isofix - a system of rigid attachment of a child car seat to the body of a vehicle, is an international standard for manufacturers of this product. This system is designed to minimize the likelihood of incorrect seat placement and to ensure safety when transporting children.
Not all seats are equipped with this system.
It must be present in devices of the category 0+
and 1
(infant car seat, cocoon seat, and for children weighing 9-18 kg age from 9 months to 4 years), as well as in universal seats that combine several groups, including 0+
and 1
.
Fine
There is a rule according to which children up to 7 years must be carried in a car seat, and in the front passenger up to 12 years.
Until 12.07.2017 the norm was stricter and involved the transportation of children up to 12 years only in the car seat.
Children from 7 to 12 years old must be fastened with standard car seat belts in the back seat.
If these rules are not followed, then the driver faces administrative liability for. The sanction provides for a penalty of 3,000 rubles.
With airbag
While the airbag is designed to minimize injury in an accident, it can cause injury itself, especially if it is a small child.
When placing a small passenger in the front seat, it must be turned off.
This can be done in several ways:
- on the side of the passenger seat, in most cases, a lock-switch is located, to which the car ignition key fits. It is required to insert the key and turn;
- some car models contain a manual switch, which is located on the dashboard or glove compartment;
- german cars, such as Mercedes or Opel, the system automatically recognizes the installation of a car seat and disables the deployment of airbags. Of course, a car seat is not suitable either, but only the one in which the transmitter is mounted.
- airbags can be controlled through the on-board computers of the car, but this is typical for a very limited number of models;
- contacting the workshop. In this case, it is connected in the same way, which is very inconvenient and costly.
The fact that the airbag is deactivated should be signaled by the corresponding indicator light on the control panel.
However, the driver is responsible for the condition of the airbags.
If an adult is in the front seat at the time of the accident, and the pillow is turned off, this can lead to serious consequences for the health of the passenger, which, from a legal point of view, may lead to the dock.
How to install a child seat in the front seat
The car seat, like any other device, has its own rules of use and these instructions should be followed for maximum efficiency and safety.
So, during installation and operation, you should:
- in a car with working airbags at the installation site of the car seat, they should be turned off, all because the weak fragile bones of a young child will receive significant injuries from the deployment of the airbag;
- the car seat should be selected in accordance with the age and weight parameters of the child;
- during installation, proper fixation of the device must be ensured;
- it is unacceptable to place the infant car seat on the front seat (this is unacceptable by design features and forms an administrative offense).
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The adoption of the new version of the Road Traffic Regulations (SDA) gave rise to a new wave of controversy: from how many years you can ride in the front seat of a car in 2019, which of the safety devices are allowed under the new traffic rules, and which are prohibited, is it possible to put a child seat on the front seat car in 2019 according to traffic rules, etc.
The first thing to say: the carriage of children of any age in cars is allowed both in the back and in the front seat. This does not distinguish between a truck or a passenger car. But for different ages of children, there are rules for transporting children. They haven't changed in 2019.
At what age can you ride in the front seat?
In 2019, it is allowed to carry a child in a car from the moment of birth; it does not contain any prohibitions regarding the age of the traffic rules. In accordance with paragraph 22.9 of the Rules, in order to transport children, the design of the car must provide for the presence of seat belts, which can be used both separately and in conjunction with the ISOFIX restraint system.
At the same time, seat belts are used not only for fastening small passengers (in most cases, belts alone are not enough), but also for fastening child seats and child restraints, which vary depending on the height and weight of the child. Various types of remote control systems are described in detail in GOST R 41.44-2005 (UNECE Regulations N 44).
The rules for transporting children in cars change not only depending on the "size" and age of the child, but also on his place in the vehicle. For the rear seats, the rules are not so strict.
Let's consider in detail in the table.
Thus, children over 12 years old can ride without a seat in the front seat. They must be wearing seat belts. If the child is short, it is better to use a so-called booster, which will "lift" the child, then the belts will not press on his neck.
What restraints are allowed to be used?
Earlier, paragraph 22.9 of the Road Traffic Regulations contained a clause that other means and devices can be used to fasten a child with seat belts. Now it has been excluded, and this paragraph is presented in a new edition. The main requirement for such products is formulated as follows: they must correspond to the weight and age of the child. In this case, the rules refer motorists to the manufacturer's instructions and rules.
When choosing a device, you must make sure that it has a special certificate of conformity. The regulatory framework in this matter is as follows: the mandatory criteria that child restraints must meet are contained in the TR 018/2011 of the Customs Union. In clause 35 of the CU TR, in turn, there is a reference to the UNECE rules No. 44-04 (GOST R 41.44-2005). In this GOST, 5 weight categories and four types of child restraints are identified.
The vehicle owner must follow the manufacturer's instructions for determining the age group of children for whom the product is suitable. It is impossible to make an unequivocal conclusion about the prohibition of certain types of restraint systems or devices, in accordance with the traffic rules they must meet the requirements, the Rules do not contain direct prohibitions.
What are the rules for airbags?
Lawyers are often asked the question whether it is possible to put a car seat in the front seat according to traffic rules in 2019 with active airbags. We answer - the rules do not regulate this issue, therefore it is necessary to be guided by the recommendations of the manufacturer. And most of the operating instructions for child car seats prohibit the use of the product in a front seat with an active airbag. However, there may be exceptions, in some cases the manufacturer allows the chair to move away from the front panel of the car.
The rationale is as follows - the deployment of the pillows can cause serious harm to the child's health, while additional precautions have already been taken. Therefore, the pillows must be disabled.
Answers to popular questions
How old can you be in the front seat without a child seat? Does the law allow it or not?
In short, the traffic rules allow children over 12 years old to be transported in the front seat of any car without taking any additional precautions other than seat belts.
Can a small passenger be transported in a booster?
The booster is a type of child restraint. It is intended for older minors and does not include a backrest or internal seat belts. The product is a small seat with armrests that allows you to raise the child so that it is possible to use the standard seat belt.
When deciding on the admissibility of using a booster, you should follow the manufacturer's instructions. For example, all boosters are divided into two groups, 2/3 - designed for children weighing 15 to 36 kilograms and 3 - for children weighing 22 to 36 kilograms. Taking these indicators into account, the product should be used: for example, a group 3 booster cannot be used to transport children weighing less than 22 kilograms.
From what age can you ride without a child seat in the back seat?
In 2018, the rules for the carriage of children in a car allow passengers between the ages of 7 and 11 to be transported without a car seat in the back row of a car using approved remote controls or seat belts.
No one can take better care of children than their parents. Unfortunately, very often parents underestimate the traffic conditions, do not use child restraints and endanger their own children.
Over the past few years, thousands of babies have died in road traffic accidents precisely because of the irresponsible attitude of adults. Moreover, negligence manifested itself not only in the absence of special child restraints, but also in the incorrectly chosen place of placement of the child.
From what age can you ride in the front seat of a car
Clause 22.9 of the SDA states that transportation of children under 12 years oldin the car is possible only if securely fixed in a special holding device.
Even a baby can be placed next to the driver.
Rules for the carriage of children in the front seat
- This is not spelled out in the Rules, but, in addition to the car seat, there is one more prerequisite for placing a child in the front passenger seat - airbag deactivation.
- Deactivating the system will prevent injury to the baby, since the pillow is installed for an adult, and if the system is triggered as a result of an accident, the force of the impact of the airbag can seriously injure or even become fatal for a small child.
- You should also move the passenger seat with the child back to the stop.
- The restraint with a small child must be installed with its back to the windshield. In the event of an accident, the baby will only press harder into the back of the car seat, while when the baby is facing forward, the weak neck muscles will not be able to support the significant weight of the baby's head.
NOTE: Apart from the car seat in the front seat, only the booster can be used.
Types of child car seats
All child car seats fall into five main categories:
- 0 - infant car seat, for babies up to six months, weighing up to 10 kg. The carrycot must be secured with belts provided for by the design of the car and located perpendicular to the movement. The baby is held in place by a wide, padded carrycot strap that passes through the baby's tummy
- 0+ - a cocoon chair for babies up to one and a half years old and weighing up to 13 kg. The seat is equipped with a 5-point harness and the baby is reclining in it.
- 1 - intended for children from 9 months. up to 4 years old and weighing up to 18 kilograms. The car seat belt is five-point.
- 2 - for children from three to seven years old, weighing no more than 25 kg. The seat can have its own three-point anchorage belts, or the child is secured with the car seat belts. The back of a chair in this category is height adjustable.
- 3 - for children from 7 to 12 years old, weight up to 36 kg. The design features of the seat involve detaching the backrest and transforming the car seat into a booster. Also, this group of remote controls is equipped with a limiter for the upper strap of the car's seat belt.
Should I put my child car seat in the front seat
According to scientific research and accident statistics, the front passenger seat is the most dangerous. Not every adult takes the risk of riding in a seat next to a driver.
According to the general opinion of experts and motorists, the safest place is behind the driver's seat. However, for small children the best option is to place the child restraint in the middle of the rear row of seats... In this position, the risk of injury is no more than 30%.
Each of the parents must decide for himself what is more important for him: ease of movement or the safety of the baby.
NOTE: Carrying a child in the front seat should be an exception to the rule. This is the most prudent approach to the safety of the younger generation.
Liability and penalties
Neglect of the rules for the safe transportation of a child, in addition to the high probability of an unfavorable outcome for the baby with the smallest accident, entails administrative responsibility. Article 12.23 of the Rules established a punishment in the form of monetary fine RUB 3,000.
The size of the fine is comparable to the cost of a simple child car seat, so you shouldn't spare money on necessary things, you can lose much more.
Even experienced drivers often question whether children can be transported in the front seat of a car.
Most motorists believe that it is strictly forbidden to transport minors in the front seat, but the law provides for the possibility of transporting children both in the front and in the back of a car.
The restriction applies only to the rules for transporting minors. In accordance with the requirements of the Road Traffic Regulations, transportation of a baby in a car is only possible with a special restraint device.
There is no minimum age in the Traffic Regulations from which parents have the right to put their baby in the front seat of a vehicle.
However, this regulatory legal act contains a requirement according to which, until a minor reaches the age of twelve, he can be transported only in a special fixing device.
Should I put a child seat in the front seat of a car
Since the Traffic Regulations do not limit the ability to transport a minor under 12 years of age in the front seat of a car, a car seat can be installed on this passenger seat.
When installing the locking device on the front seat of the vehicle, it is necessary to deactivate the airbag so that the baby is not injured in a road accident.
Most motorists agree that it is the passenger seat that is the most unsafe place in transport. They recommend installing the locking device in the rear seat behind the driver.
Experts believe that it is safest to install the baby seat on the center seat.
However, both of these sides agree on one thing - the front passenger seat is the most dangerous for transporting a minor.
Since the Traffic Regulations do not contain a prohibition on the carriage of a child in the front seat of a vehicle, the parent must choose for himself which seat he thinks is the safest to transport the child.
How to properly transport a child in the front seat
To transport a child under the age of twelve in the front seat of a car, you must use special locking devices. Such devices include:
Traffic rules contain a list of requirements for the choice of a restraint. When choosing a retainer for transporting a child in transport, parents should pay attention to the following data:
- Child's age.
- Its weight.
- Child's height.
It is the responsibility of each parent to select the appropriate restraint for transporting children under 12 years of age in a vehicle.
The restraining structure must be fixed in place so that the baby cannot be damaged during a traffic accident (the device must be fixed so that the movement of the minor's body is limited).
When the baby reaches the age of twelve, the use of child restraints is not required. Simply using the seat belt is enough.
When installing a child seat in the front passenger seat, the airbag must be deactivated. Statistics show that the consequences of the operation of the pillow are unpredictable and can often be dangerous for the child.
When placing a child under 4 years of age in the front seat facing forward, you should not disable the airbag.
You cannot carry a child in your arms, regardless of whether a person is sitting in the back or front seat. In the event of a traffic accident, the weight of an adult will fall on the baby, crush him. In most cases, such accidents end in the death of a child due to multiple fractures. Moreover, such an outcome can occur even when braking at low speed.
Another option for incorrect transportation of the baby is to put him on a pillow and then fasten him with a seat belt. Even with normal movement, a minor can slip out of an unreliable structure, since it is not fixed in any way.
In the event of a traffic accident, this pillow will not help your baby to avoid injury. The seat belt will simply crash into the baby's neck, which can be fatal.
If the parents do not have a restraint and it is necessary to transfer a minor under 12 years old, the best option is to put him behind the driver's seat. In the event of a collision, this place will be the safest.
Liability for incorrect transportation of a child under 12 years old
The Code of Administrative Offenses contains responsibility for violation by drivers of the rules for transporting children under 12 years of age. At the moment, transportation of children without restraints is punishable by a fine of 500 to 3000 rubles.
In the Russian Federation, the fine for such a violation is minimal. A similar unlawful act in other countries is punished much more severely. In most European countries, the penalty for transporting children with traffic violations is around 800 euros.
Different countries have their own nuances of prosecution. For example, in Germany, parents have to pay a fine of 50 euros for transporting a baby up to three years old without a special seat. After reaching this age, it is allowed to transport the child with a fastened seat belt in the back seat.
In Bulgaria, it is forbidden to transport children under the age of 12 in the front seat; for such a violation of legal requirements, you will have to pay a fine of 25 euros.
Is it possible to transport a child in the front seat: how old can you transport
Many moms and dads are interested in the possibility of transporting a child in the front seat, as well as whether this is a violation of the law and what nuances need to be taken into account. The answer to these questions is given by traffic rules. Next, let's talk in more detail about the rules for transporting children of different age categories in the front seat.
Age for transporting a baby in front of a car
How old does a baby need to be to be transported in the front seat? The Road Traffic Regulations do not specify the minimum age from which it is allowed to ride with a child sitting next to the driver. It is only known that up to 7 years old, the transportation of a baby should be carried out with a special child seat.
As for older children - from 7 to 12 years old, their movement in a car next to their parents is carried out with standard seat belts or other structures that allow a young passenger to be fastened. This decision appeared in the traffic rules recently - on July 12, 2017.
Important. The traffic rules also indicate the amount of penalties that apply to any parent who violates the law. For 2018, they remain the same - 3000 rubles. There is also a fine for an unfastened child.
It is worth noting that a monetary penalty is carried out not only for the absence of a child car seat or belts, but also for their incorrect fastening. In addition, the parent must have a document confirming the identity of the baby (with a note about his age).
Varieties of child car seats
Child seats for a car are divided depending on the weight and age category:
- Chairs for babies weighing less than 10 kg, and age - 12 months. The seat is equipped with a special infant carrier. The child in this design is placed horizontally. The chair is installed on any seat against the direction of moving cars.
- Designs for children weighing up to 13 kg, whose age does not exceed 1.5 years. The chair also swivels back in the direction of traffic. Installed both in the front of the car and in the back. The design is presented in the form of a chair, combined with the functions of an infant car seat.
- Chairs for babies weighing from 9 to 18 kg and aged from 9 months to 4 years. Can be mounted in any part of the car, as well as against and against the direction of traffic.
- Seats for babies 3-7 years old, which weigh 15 to 25 kg. Fastened in the direction of movement of vehicles in any part of the car.
There are car seats that are provided for children aged 7 and over. But now there is no need to buy them, because, according to the new traffic rules, a child from 7 years old can be transported with standard seat belts or other fastening structures.
Children and airbag
When placing the car seat at the front of the machine, keep in mind the design of the airbag. Some parents are confident that together these structures will provide double protection for the child in the event of a collision of vehicles. How right are moms and dads in this situation? Experts say that this opinion is fundamentally wrong.
In a frontal collision, the lightning-fast airbag can cause additional injuries to the little one in the front seat.
At times, the situation is aggravated by a cradle for a newborn baby, installed with its back forward. If the airbag unfolds during a collision, it will only intensify the impact.
How can you keep your baby safe
What steps do moms and dads need to do to make the front seat safer for their child?
Car seat manufacturers and safety experts recommend to drivers:
- disable the airbag to avoid injury when it is deployed;
- the car seat installed in the front seat must be pushed back so that when the pillow is deployed, it is at an additional distance and cannot harm the baby.
So, a child cannot be transported without an installed car seat in the front seat until 7 years old and without special anchorage belts - up to 12 years. But will these devices protect your toddler from injury in an accident?
The statistics and research by experts in the field of traffic safety show the following:
- In almost 50% of car crashes, children were injured in the front seat. Those parents who put the baby in restraints in the back of the car almost 100% of situations avoided tragic consequences.
- Transporting children with an airbag deployed resulted in additional injury in an accident.
- Moving a toddler in the front seat can cause psychological trauma to the child. Many children are afraid of a huge car moving right at them. What about a deployed airbag or collision?
After reviewing such arguments, we can conclude: it is better for parents to ride with the child in the back seat. The safest place in a car is considered to be the location of the restraining structures in the back of the car in the center. In this area, children are maximally protected from front and side collisions.
Is it really necessary to fix the car seat in the front of the car
Unfortunately, not everyone has the ability to attach restraints to the rear seat. Some moms and dads explain their actions as a forced measure. So, not all cars provide for fastening in the rear of the car (for example, in cars of the Zhiguli brand and other domestic models). In this case, the parents have no choice but to install it in the area near the driver.
There are many reasons for moms and dads to move a child in a vehicle next to the driver. This may be the child's desire to sit next to a loved one, a lack of space, the lack of relatives who could look after the child during the trip, etc. And if you carry children in the seat located in the front of the car, it is a necessary measure, then the parents you should take care of the safest conditions for your child.
Important. Under no circumstances should the infant carrier be secured in place next to the driver.
This design does not provide for fastening elements, and it cannot be called particularly safe either. Therefore, it is not suitable for transporting a baby. The traffic police inspector has the right to fine parents for such a rash step.
If moms and dads observe safety measures, this will minimize the likelihood of injury to the baby during the trip. Children are allowed to carry both in the back seat and in the front. The last option is not a violation of traffic rules. But the movement of a child in a car next to the driver should be carried out only with special restraining structures that will provide the child with maximum protection in a collision. Car seats and belts are essential no matter where the young traveler is sitting.
Carriage of children in the front seat: traffic rules 2018
Can children be transported in the front seat?
It is often difficult for drivers to answer the question of whether it is allowed by the rules to transport a child in front, from what age is it allowed and what devices are needed for this. However, there are clear rules governing the issue of transporting children in a seat next to the driver. He will tell about them in today's material.
The traffic rules state that it is permissible for a child to sit in the car's interior both behind and in front, and the minimum allowed age for travel next to the driver is not indicated.
If the child is less than twelve years old, a child car seat will be required for front transportation.
On 12 July 2017, new conditions were introduced. If a child is under 7 years old, a car seat is necessary to transport him in a car, and it does not matter which seat he is on. From 7 to 12 years old, it is allowed to sit in the back using a car seat or seat belts.
To confirm the child's age, parents will need to provide a birth certificate or their ID with information about the child. You will need this when you meet with the inspectors so that you do not get a fine, as some children look younger than their age.
If the driver neglects the traffic rules and transports a child in the front seat without a car seat, the following fines may be issued to him:
- if children are left in the car without adult supervision, the latter can be fined 500 rubles (the length of time the children are alone does not matter, even if they are left only for a few minutes);
- if the child is transported without safety equipment, then the amount of fines: 3,000 rubles - for an ordinary driver; 25,000 - for officials; 100,000 - for legal entities.
If the fine is paid within 20 days from the date of issue of the fine, the person can pay 50% of its original amount.
The same rules apply to transportation by taxi. It is unacceptable to seat children under 12 years of age in a taxi that does not have a device with seat belts or a child car seat. The fine for a taxi driver will be 100 thousand rubles.
There are also certain rules for trucks. The child must be over 12 years of age and must be in a car seat. The truck must have seat belts. The presence of a young passenger in the back is not permitted.
Arguments Against Carrying Children Ahead
According to research, the seat in a car that is most protected from possible impacts is the rear seat in the center, and the unprotected one is the front passenger seat.
There are many arguments against keeping the child in front. The passenger seat in front is dangerous even for adults, which is confirmed by statistics.
- An analysis of accidents involving children also revealed that in 50% of accidents, damage to the child's health and even his death occurred due to the fact that he was in front of him in the collision. If his parents had put him in the back of the car seat, the consequences would have been prevented.
- This position of the child is risky for injury and mutilation at the time of a frontal collision.
- If the baby is emotional and is often frightened by unfamiliar things, then it is unreasonable to put him forward: large cars, especially trucks, heading, it seems to him, directly at them, risk putting him into hysterics, and this distracts the driver.
- Due to physiological characteristics, a baby under 5 years old needs to be carried backwards, but this reduces the distance from him to the instruments, which should be observed in a head-on collision.
Arguments for Carrying Your Child in Front
Although it is not recommended to carry children in the front seat, as it increases the risk to their health and life, there are advantages to this position.
- First of all, a parent can see what is happening with his child, as well as monitor him if necessary. If the baby is very small, then transporting him in the back seat alone can be dangerous.
- Also, riding in front may be better for the baby himself. Firstly, he sits next to the parent, which means that he feels much more comfortable and calmer, which can eliminate children's whims. Secondly, it may be much more interesting for him to observe the road and other cars, rather than looking into a chair while in the back seat.
Where exactly to transport the child should be decided by his parents, taking into account all the risks to the health and life of their baby.
Rules for the safe transportation of a child in the front seat
When installing the car seat to the right of the parent while driving, deactivate the airbag. If it is triggered, there is a risk that the child will be seriously injured: in a head-on collision, the system fires with such force that it can pull out the car seat along with the mountings. Alternatively, you can adjust the car seat according to the instructions that came with it.
Choosing a car seat
The safety systems in the child car seat must comply with the regulations. It is not recommended to buy cheap and unreliable devices. In the store, you must familiarize yourself with the quality certificate, the manufacturer, as well as a special rating, which indicates safety.
Car seats can be divided into several types depending on how old the young passenger is and what his weight is:
- up to 12 months, up to 10 kg - car seat, where the child sits horizontally;
- up to one and a half years, up to 13 kg - a cocoon chair in which the baby sits with his back to the movement;
- from one and a half to 4 years, 9-18 kg - an ordinary car seat;
- from 3 to 7 years old, weighs 15-25 kg - forward-facing car seat;
- from 6 to 12 years old, weighs from 22 to 36 kg - car seat that allows the use of standard safety belts.
When buying a car seat, you need to check if it can be reinforced in the cabin, as certain fastenings will be required. Make sure your child is comfortable in the car seat and that the straps do not go straight down the neck.
Installing the car seat in the front seat
How to install the car seat in front:
- before sitting down the child, make sure that the mount is securely installed, that the chair does not wobble or move around the seat;
- when the child reaches 12 years old, take out the inside of the car seat, as well as the fixing belts, using ordinary seat belts;
- check that the lower part of the strap runs over the thighs and the upper part over the chest;
- always fasten your child, even if you are going to drive a short distance.
After securing the car seat, move the seat back as far as you can. You will increase the space between the body and the baby in the event of a collision, which will increase the baby's chances of a favorable outcome. If an impact occurs along the way, the car seat must support the child by preventing it from hitting the panel or windshield.
Some parents prefer to transport their newborns in bassinets from conventional strollers. They do not have special fastening elements, and they are not as tough and strong as required, so the child is not safe in it. As a result, inspectors can issue a fine.
Remember that children cannot get used to always driving in front. Such a position is permissible when, for some reason, it is not possible to seat the child in the back seat.
- when the child is in front, drive the car more carefully and carefully than you usually do;
- while driving, in no case take the baby in your arms;
- when driving, do not be distracted by the child if he suddenly began to be capricious;
- make sure you disable the airbags;
- if a traffic police officer is trying to write you a ticket for a car seat in the front seat, show him pre-printed court decisions that address such situations.
Observe the traffic rules, as otherwise you may not only get a fine, but also put your child in danger. Statistics on the website of the State Traffic Inspectorate claim that in the winter and early spring of 2018 more than 1,800 children were injured, about 80 children died.
Children in the front seat - how old is it allowed to carry?
Some changes have occurred with the Traffic Rules, especially in terms of regulating the procedure for transporting minors.
The innovations have brought some clarity to those moments that previously remained ambiguous and could be interpreted in different ways.
To avoid problems during possible stops by traffic police inspectors, as well as to ensure the safety of minors while driving, you should know and strictly observe the traffic rules.
Often questions remain, for example: "Children in the front seat from how old can they be transported?" etc. To solve them, you should refer to the current legislation.
Transportation of children in the car: traffic rules
It is allowed to transport children in a car subject to the new Rules, but only subject to the requirements of the law.
To differentiate the requirements for carriage, minors are conditionally divided into two categories:
It is for the transportation of these groups of minors that special requirements are put forward.
Legislation establishes the need to transport passengers in child car seats up to 12 years old in the front seat.
However, when sitting in the rear seats in the passenger compartment, this need remains only for minors under the age of 7 years.
Separate requirements are put forward for the restraints themselves. It is not permissible to transport a baby in such a chair if it does not correspond to its weight.
Clause 22.9 of the SDA determines the need to use restraining devices in accordance with the requirements of their operation. That is why there are several groups of car seats:
- For children under 1 year old, weighing up to 10 kg. This category includes infant carriers for which there are no special requirements for their location in the car. However, most of them are designed for rear seat placement.
- For babies up to 1.5 years old, weighing up to 13 kg. Such devices are a cross between a chair and a carrycot. Installation is possible in any of the places, however, on the front seat they are installed with their backs to the windshield. At first glance, this seems to be uncomfortable, but in practice it is safer.
- For minors under 4 years old, weighing up to 18 kg.
- Up to 7 years old, weighing 25 kg.
- Up to 36 kg in weight and up to 12 years of age.
If a child is in a car seat that does not correspond to his weight, the traffic police officer has the right to fine the driver.
Can a child be transported in the front seat?
According to the current traffic rules, even children can be transported in the front seat of the car.However, there are a number of requirements that are put forward for this type of transportation.
One of the main things is the availability and correct installation of a child car seat for minors under 7 years old.
Moreover, passengers of this age can be transported in the back seat exclusively in special seats.
The wording that existed earlier assumed the possibility of using other restraining devices. Many drivers referred to such an indication of the law and could interpret it in their favor, even if the restraint did not provide adequate safety. The choice was not made in favor of quality and safety, but for reasons of economy. Today, this ambiguous wording has been excluded from the rules.
Minors under 12 years old can be transported on a seat next to the driver, also exclusively in a seat. The difference is that in the back, in any of the three seats, children from 7 to 12 years old have the right to be transported wearing regular seat belts. At the same time, the law does not restrict parents in their choice, since they can put a child of this age in a car seat at their own request.
You should start from its mass and build, since a minor 8 years old can be tall, which will make it possible to safely fasten him with a regular belt.
From what age can children be carried in the front seat?
Legislation does not in any way establish the minimum age of a minor from which it is allowed to transport him on the spot in front.This means that a minor of any age can sit in place next to the driver, subject to the rules established by law.
For children under 7 years old, it is compulsory to be transported in a child seat corresponding to the weight of the passenger. For older children - fixing with a standard seat belt.
Punishment for violations and child safety
Failure to comply with the requirements for the carriage of children may result in the imposition of a fine on the offender or endanger the safety of the passenger.
According to paragraph 2 of Art. 11 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation for violations of the transportation of passengers is punished with a fine from 1 to 3 thousand rubles.The fine was previously 500 rubles, but was increased to increase the responsibility of drivers in matters of transporting small passengers.
Drivers should consider not only the availability of child restraints, but also their correct use.
Many car owners believe that the presence of airbags will better protect the child from a possible impact in the event of a traffic accident. However, when the seat is placed in the front seat of a vehicle, airbag deployment may have more serious consequences.
This means that you should follow some recommendations:
- disable the function of deploying the airbag;
- move the seat back as far as possible so that the small passenger is farther from the windshield and the location of the front cushion;
- do not put the child forward.
The last rule cannot always be fulfilled, since often a child cannot sit alone in the back seats if only the driver is the only adult in the cabin.
This is done to prevent children from dying in closed vehicles, left unattended.
However, for this, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of the Road Traffic Regulations and transport children under 12 years old exclusively in a special car seat.
However, there is no minimum age at which minors can sit in the front seat.
Only requirements are put forward in terms of the conformity of the car seat to the weight of the person sitting in it.
However, it is rather difficult for an inspector to control this, so violations can be traced if they are obvious. To exclude the possibility of problems with determining the age of a minor, you should have an appropriate document on hand.
Child car seats: rules for transporting children from January 1, 2018
Despite the fact that in recent years there has been a tendency towards a decrease in the number of accidents on the roads of Russia, the accident rate still remains significant. The issue of safety has always been important, especially when it comes to children. That is why, at the beginning of 2017, amendments to the transportation of children came into force, but they were written so floridly that many are still wondering how, in fact, to transport children correctly.
Changes in the rules for the carriage of children from January 1, 2018
No changes are expected from 1 January 2018. The last ones were on July 12, 2017. Then came into force amendments to the traffic rules, which define new rules for the transportation of children in a car. The norms have become stricter. Some devices that were previously allowed in place of a car seat * can no longer be used. In addition, a line was removed from the text of the traffic rules, which allowed the use of "other means to fasten a child using the seat belts provided by the vehicle design." That is, earlier it was possible to replace the car seat with a simple fabric pad on the seat belt.
Since July 12, 2017, according to the new Rules for the carriage of children, there is a division into two age groups:
Under 7 years old;
- from 7 to 12 years old.Transportation of children from 0 to 7 years old
Transportation of children up to seven years must be carried out with a child restraint. ** It must be suitable for the child's weight and height.
Upon reaching the child three years old, car owners should switch to a 2/3 group seat, as it has a so-called "combined" group. The fact is that there are few chairs of group 2 on the market.
Group 2/3 car seats are wide in use. These devices are designed for children weighing up to 36 kilograms, up to a meter and thirty centimeters. In this model, only the headrest is adjustable, and the backrest tilt does not change in any way.
Transportation of children from 7 to 12 years old
Children over seven years can be transported without car seat in the back seat of a passenger car and in a truck cab. It will be enough to fasten them with regular seat belts. But, on the front seat of the vehicle, the child must be in a car seat, which must correspond to the weight and height of the child. Also, you cannot transport a child under 12 years old in the back seat of a motorcycle.
If a child not will be fastened - the fine is 3000 rubles.
If a small passenger will be transported in the front seat without use car seats - a fine of 3000 rubles.
Transportation of children after 12 years
To transport this group of children to drivers it is not necessary to use car seats and other devices. However, it is essential to fasten them with seat belts.
If a baby not will be fastened - the fine is 3000 rubles.
Leaving the child in the car
Children under seven prohibited leave in the car without adult supervision.
The minimum amount of punishment is 500 rubles and it is due for violation of the procedure for moving passengers.
In the same time closing the child in the car one can quite easily be interpreted as a violation of the rules for transporting children. And in this case, the issue price is already 3,000 rubles.
Points of traffic rules for the transport of children
The rules for transporting children are described in the following paragraphs:
22.2 - transportation in the back
22.6 - organized transportation of children
22.9 - special requirements for the carriage of children. It is paragraph 22.9 from July 12, 2017 that is fully set out in a new edition. Since July 12, 2017, a new paragraph has appeared in clause 12.8 - leaving the child in the car.
22.2. The carriage of persons in the body of a flatbed truck is permitted if it is equipped in accordance with the Basic Provisions, and the carriage of children is not allowed.
22.6. Organized transportation of a group of children must be carried out in accordance with these Rules, as well as the rules approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, in a bus marked with the "Transportation of Children" sign.
Organized transportation of a group of children, in addition to the Traffic Rules, is regulated by a separate document "Rules for the organized transportation of a group of children by buses".22.9. Transportation of children under the age of 7 years in a passenger car and a truck cab, which are designed with seat belts or seat belts and ISOFIX child restraint system, *** must be carried out using child restraint systems (devices) appropriate for the child's weight and height.
The carriage of children aged 7 to 11 years (inclusive) in a car and a truck cabin, the design of which provides for seat belts or seat belts and a child restraint system ISOFIX, must be carried out using child restraint systems (devices) appropriate for the weight and height of the child , or using seat belts, and in the front seat of a passenger car - only using child restraint systems (devices) appropriate for the weight and height of the child.
The installation of child restraint systems (devices) in a passenger car and the cab of a truck and the placement of children in them must be carried out in accordance with the operating manual for these systems (devices).
It is forbidden to leave a child under the age of 7 years in the vehicle during its parking in the absence of an adult.
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* Car seat - a restraint equipped with seat belts to secure a child under the age of one and a half years. This device is installed in the passenger compartment against the movement.
** The child car seat is a restraint designed to transport children in a vehicle (RL).- The ISOFIX system is a system for rigidly attaching the car seat to the car body.
The article was written based on materials from the sites: autolegal.ru, yurist-naavto.ru, psn-travel.ru, lawyer-road.ru, www.drivenn.ru.
On the roads, traffic police inspectors very often record traffic violations related to the transportation of small children. Many drivers do not know or neglect to use child seats at all times. In this article, we will deal in detail with the rules for transporting children, namely, how you can transport them in the front seats and from how many years.
Dry statistics show that with an increase in the number of vehicles on the roads, the number of accidents also grows, and not only adults, but also children suffer in them.
Unfortunately, many facts of childhood injuries and deaths in accidents occur due to commonplace reasons:
- mothers in all seriousness believe that the child will feel more comfortable in their arms, forgetting that at the moment of a collision and an abrupt stop, it is almost impossible to keep even a weight of 5-10 kilograms;
- children are fastened with seat belts designed for the parameters of an adult, which pass in the neck area of \u200b\u200bbabies and because of this, complex injuries occur when braking or accelerating;
- and most importantly, parents save on restraints (chairs, stands, boosters).
That is why it is necessary to strictly follow the Rules of the Road, in which it is clearly stated in paragraph 22.9 that children under 12 years old should be transported only in car seats, therefore the transportation of children under 12 years old in a car is absolutely not prohibited.
Can a child be transported in the front seat?
This question is especially relevant for young parents who take them to a nursery or to a clinic. Indeed, when the baby is nearby, you do not need to turn back all the time and watch what he is doing there.
However, babies can only be transported in special children's devices. Why is this needed?
- First of all, regular seat belts are designed for adults with a height of 150 cm. Children usually grow up to this mark at the age of 12-13 years. Of course, if your son is 11 years old, and his height exceeds 150 centimeters, then he may well do without this device and without a special stand - "booster".
- Secondly, it is known that it is very difficult to maintain discipline during a long trip. Children will interfere with driving, distract, inadvertently open doors and windows. If you place them in a chair, then they will calmly fall asleep or will calmly observe what is happening outside the car windows.
- And thirdly, the car seat is securely attached to the regular seat, so that it is completely excluded that the baby will not stay in place on sharp turns or during sudden braking.
Thus, in order for all passengers, including children under 12 years old, to feel comfortable, follow these simple rules:
- a special device must fully fit and correspond to the weight and height of the children - your son or daughter;
- safety systems for car seats must be working, that is, do not just buy the cheapest products in the store, if only the traffic cops get rid of them, ask about the quality certificate, the name of the manufacturer, the safety rating (for child seats, they are also made up);
- if the child is in the carrycot against the direction of the car, deactivate the airbags installed in the car, or adjust them according to the instructions for the restraint.
In the traffic rules there is no clause that would prohibit carrying children under 12 years old in the car in front, respectively, even a baby can be placed next to you.
Let's take a look at these points separately.
Types of car seats
Child seats must be suitable for the child's parameters. In any store, you will see the group designation on the packaging. Read instructions carefully and pay attention to weight and height requirements.
Security systems
This refers to both the three- or five-point belts themselves and the attachments. Most child seats are designed to be installed in the back row, the middle seat, which is considered the safest. Also, it is in the back row that there is an IsoFix fastening system, but in the front it is usually not.
At the time of purchase, check if you can install this type of infant car seat in your car, if there are all the necessary attachments.
Also, see if it will be comfortable for the baby in the cradle, if the straps will pass along his neck or collarbone.
At the moment of a collision, the chair should hold it in place, prevent it from hitting the front panel, or even the windshield - such cases, unfortunately, also happen when children literally fly out of the car, breaking the glass with their head.
Airbags
They must either be completely turned off, or configured (if there is such a function in the car) as indicated in the instructions.
If the seat is installed against the movement and rests on the front dashboard, then at the moment of a frontal collision, the front airbag fires with tremendous force, and the child's device together with the mountings can be torn out.
For older children, there are so-called "boosters", or simply special shaped pillows.
Schoolchildren at the age of 8-12 no longer need full-fledged seats, but thanks to the booster, they can comfortably fasten with a regular seat belt.
Penalty for carriage without a seat in Russia, Ukraine and Europe
Administrative Code 12.23 part 3 - the fine in 2018 is 3 thousand. It is paid for non-compliance with the rules of transportation.
Note that the traffic rules do not specifically state that the child device must be of a certain type. That is, you can adapt an ordinary pillow.
In addition, if the son's height has exceeded 150 cm, then he does not need a chair. Also, you are not required to show the traffic cop any document proving age.
What are the fines in Europe?
In Ukraine, unlike in the Russian Federation, there is no article for violating the rules for transporting children, respectively, there is no fine either.
This is explained by the fact that there are still quite a lot of old-style cars in the country that do not have mounts for car seats (in Russia, in principle, too). The maximum that the inspector of the Ukrainian traffic police can charge is a fine for unfastened belt (51-80 hryvnia) - КУоАП 121 part 5.
Europe is also very strict about compliance with the requirements for the transport of children. We list the fines in some of the countries:
- Austria - 35 euros;
- Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg - from 50 euros;
- Britain - £ 30-500
In other countries, the fine ranges from 60 (Slovakia, Slovenia) to 600 euros (Estonia). Please also note that, for example, in Denmark, children under 135 cm in height cannot be carried in the front seat, for which a fine of 500 Danish crowns (approximately 4,500 rubles) is imposed.
