Since 2017, several changes have been made to the legislation on the size of parking spaces - now minimum and maximum parameters are provided for cars and other cars. Along with this, a parking space in the courtyard is recognized as a real estate object - accordingly, it can be bought, sold and registered as property, like an apartment.
All dimensions of the parking space are reflected in SNiP 21-02-99 in force since 2011. According to this document, the parking parameters for a passenger car should be as follows:
- width 2.5 meters;
- length 5.3 meters.
At the same time, the width of the markings (up to 0.1 meters) is not included in the dimensions of the parking space.
In the case of parking for disabled cars, all parameters increase:
- length - 6.2 meters;
- width - 3.6 meters.
Typically, near hospitals, large shopping centers, shops, cultural institutions and in modern residential areas, from 10 to 20% of the entire parking area for disabled people is allocated.
The same document prescribes the technical requirements for the organization of the parking space, the parameters of the materials used to enclose the territory, in particular:
- Parking spaces in courtyards should always be fenced off with a side stone.
- Reflective markings (on poles and other vertical supports) must be created in courtyards and other places.
- Thermoplastic or nitro paint is used for marking on the asphalt surface. However, in most cases, a cheap water-based mixture is used, which disappears completely in 1 season due to precipitation.
The latest changes in legislation, which came into effect on January 1, 2017, established that the minimum parking size is now 5.3 * 2.5 meters, and the maximum corresponds to the indicators for cars of disabled drivers.
NOTE. Also, from January 1, the parking lot has become a recognized property. This means that now it can be bought with a mortgage (along with an apartment), sold, bequeathed, and also registered as property, like any other real estate object.
Preparation for marking work
Before the work on the marking of the territory is carried out, a place is chosen and the total number of parking places is calculated, the peculiarities of their location based on several considerations:
- For what kind of cars the parking will be intended - most often, parking is provided only for cars, since special zones are created for trucks.
- How large can be left the gaps between the borders - as a rule, they are guided by the fact that 1 person can freely pass between the cars.
- How exactly the cars will be parked - in length or width (type of parking).
Along with these circumstances, minor factors (thickness of markings, fences - general or individual), aesthetic considerations are also taken into account.
The procedure and cost of marking
During marking, the following rules are followed:
- The optimal weather is dry and warm (from +18 o C to +25 o C).
- The materials used are thermoplastic, paint or polymer tapes.
- Deviation from the permissible dimensions of the parking space - no more than 5 cm in each direction.
The sequence of actions is as follows:
- Preparation of material (paint, summer) for work.
- Preparing the site for work - cleaning of old markings (they should completely disappear), as well as cleaning up dust and debris.
- Application of a preliminary contour in accordance with the parameters.
- Paint over each contour until smooth lines are obtained.
- Completion of the parking lot - marking of special zones (for disabled people), color of luminescent paint posts (for example, highlighting places with fire extinguishers), numbering and other means for easy navigation around a large parking area.
Thus, the cost of all work consists of:
- work on the design of each place and the parking area as a whole;
- pay for the work of employees;
- materials for marking (basic and additional).
Unauthorized seizure of parking in the yard: where to go
In practice, it is very often observed how citizens fence off part of the parking space in the courtyard with the help of all sorts of objects - racks, boxes with a loop in the asphalt, weights, etc.
In the overwhelming majority of cases, this is an illegal action, because the land around the apartment building is owned by the municipality or is the common ownership of all apartment owners in this building (each citizen owns a small part of the land in proportion to his living space).
Therefore, if such situations are observed, you can complain about the illegal actions of your neighbor by making a statement in any form addressed to:
- representatives of the Management Company;
- City administration;
- precinct.
It is important to attach photographs, videos, testimonies and other evidence of this offense to the application.
How to legally arrange a parking space in the yard
The law contains the concept of a parking space (Article 1.29. City Planning Code). It is determined that this is a part of the parking lot, which is separated by markings or special fences, mechanisms, and at the same time the territory is necessarily reflected in the cadastral register. Those. the parking space has a designated purpose (only for parking cars) and is registered with the state, like any other real estate object.
Obtaining the right to use this place (excluding the use of other persons) is possible, but the procedure is rather laborious. In general, the sequence of actions is as follows:
- First of all, it is necessary to initiate a general meeting of owners in the house, at which, by a majority vote, decide that part of the common adjacent territory will be transferred to private ownership or leased to organize parking spaces.
- Further, with the minutes of the meeting of tenants (the signatures of all consenting persons are required, as well as the presence of a quorum - at least half of all owners), you should contact the local branch of the Cadastral Chamber to call an engineer who will carry out the appropriate measuring work (at the expense of tenants).
- After that, you need to collect all the available documents (minutes of the meeting, the cadastral plan of the site, your passport and a certificate of ownership of the apartment to confirm the fact of living in this particular house) and contact the Cadastral Chamber to register the territory for cadastral registration.
- Now, with a certificate from the chamber, as well as with a prepared project of the territory, which will be drawn up by an engineer, you need to contact the local administration in the appropriate department to obtain approval.
- After receiving the permit, it is necessary to coordinate the work with the territorial department of Rospotrebnadzor.
- After receiving all the permits, you can start working on the marking and construction of fences, which are also funded by the residents themselves.
NOTE. If the adjacent territory was not registered in the ownership of the tenants of the apartment building, then it is by default in the possession of the administration. Then you will need to conclude an additional land lease agreement with this authority.
It is important not only to drive correctly, but also to stand - for this you need to know the parking rules.
Sign 6.4Stopping and parking of cars should be done on the right, on the side of the road, if it is not observed - on the carriageway. For this, yellow markings are applied.
The left shoulder is used if:
- two-lane road (one lane per direction)
- tram rails are not laid
- One Way.
There are restrictions for trucks weighing more than 3.5 tons, on the left they can unload and make a short stop.
Occupying the sidewalk is only permitted in accordance with the permits listed in 12.2. You can park for this item:
- in one row, strictly along the edge of the carriageway
- mopeds, other two-wheeled vehicles can be put in two (if there is no side carriage)
- the sidewalk can be used if there is sign 6.4 and additional icons 8.6.2, 8.6.3, 8.6.6-8.6.9, 8.4.7, which indicate the permissible way of staging the car (only passenger cars and two-wheeled vehicles)
How to park your vehicle should be determined by the signs that are used to regulate the driver's actions:
- 6.4 + markup
- 6.4 and 8.6.1-8.6.9 + marking (with this combination, setting at an angle is possible).
Long-term parking, for example, for an overnight stay, is only permitted in special areas (12.3).
You can park far from everywhere (12.4), the list of which is prohibited:
- rails (these include proximity to them that can interfere with movement)
- railway crossings
- overpasses, bridges, overpasses, viaducts and under them *
- sections of the road where the width of the direction is less than 3 meters (lines that indicate the edge of the carriageway do not count)
- at the pedestrian crossing (not less than 5 meters away); at the same time, you can not get up in front of him, so as not to obstruct the view for drivers, but you can behind him
- near bends, bends in the road that make it impossible to see 100 meters in any direction
- at intersections (except for T-shaped intersections with a solid line)
- bike lane
- close to stops of minibuses or passenger taxis (15 meters); there may be a markup, if not, navigate by the stop.
In addition, you must not obstruct the visibility of anyone and do not interfere with anyone.
For a high-quality assimilation of traffic rules, you should understand in terms of:
- bridge - a structure that provides traffic over a water obstacle
- the overpass is actually a bridge, but it is being built over other roads, ravines, and other obstacles (except water)
- overpass - a complex of spans on supports, which are constructed for the purpose of bypassing or crossing areas where it is impossible to build a road on the surface, or traffic flows.
An overpass and a viaduct are types of overpasses that can be used in various combinations.
12.5 paragraph "Rules of the Road" continues the theme of prohibitions and indicates that you must not park the car:
- in the above places, as well as where there is a prohibition sign
- on a road marked as the main road
- closer than 50 m from railway crossings - to exclude obstacles for full visibility to train drivers.
If, for objective reasons, the driver had to stop the car in places where this cannot be done, he should try to drive away from them as quickly as possible (12.6).
Before leaving the car, make sure that the door being opened will not interfere with movement (12.7). Before leaving your car, you should make sure that all measures have been taken to park it safely: the brake is on, the ignition keys are removed, etc.
The rules for evacuating a car to a parking lot for improper parking provide for substantial fines (from 500 to 2000 thousand rubles). The driver will have to pay for driving the car himself - up to 7 thousand rubles. If the car is category D, then the violation will cost 25-27 thousand. This is if the owner took it immediately, otherwise the daily cost of staying in the parking lot will be added to the payment.
Video lesson: Stopping and parking according to traffic rules
Amendments to the rules on privileged parking
Discount parking is provided for disabled people, however, in order to use them, you must present a certificate of disability (it is shown by the disabled driver himself or the person accompanying him). A special sign must be attached to the machine. These are the rules (2.1 SDA), adopted in February 2016.
Mandatory disability document - a measure taken to reduce the number of people willing to park for free. But it does not completely solve the problem - for example, if a citizen took a disabled person to the station, from where he left, naturally, with his documents. How can a person now be able to prove that his car parked in a privileged parking lot is legally parked?
In any case, according to the new rules, the sign and the benefits arising from it can be used only if the disabled person drives the car himself or is next to the driver and is ready to present a document confirming the right to the benefit.
A car that unreasonably occupies a place in a parking lot for disabled people can be evacuated to an impounding parking lot, and the owner is fined for violating the rules of stopping and parking (5,000 thousand rubles).
Apartment owners have the right to improve their yard, and a properly organized parking space is included in this concept. To set up a site on the adjacent territory of an apartment building, it is necessary to draw up an application, under which there will be at least 2/3 of the signatures of the total number of owners. Compliance with its sanitary standards is indicated in the SES Regulation, which provides all the necessary criteria to preserve the normal ecology of the surrounding space.
The main instruction of the traffic rules on yard parking is to prohibit a long stay of a car with a running engine in the courtyard of a residential building (more than 5 minutes). Violation of this clause costs 1,500 rubles.
How much does it cost to deliver a car in Moscow
Parking on the territory of the capital is regulated by Resolution No. 289. Paid areas have been introduced in Moscow, which simultaneously solve the problem of parking and the safety of the vehicle. Free places have also been preserved - in some areas, in addition, discounted areas for disabled people have appeared.
Parking rules in Moscow on weekends have not changed - it is carried out in the same way as on weekdays. The only difference is in the cost of staging the car, on weekends the price is slightly lower. This applies to the central areas of the capital and sleeping areas.
Parking correctly is a separate category of driver skill, and this art is not immediately mastered. However, even with little experience, you should know the basic methods of parking cars - this is not in the Rules, but you need to know this.
A car in a parking lot should always be parallel to the roadway, unless there are markings that allow a different arrangement. This also applies to parking areas, the so-called "pockets". The arrangement of cars is carried out in accordance with the signs and markings, in the absence of them - as compact as possible so that there is space not only for parking other cars, but also for leaving the site. The car must always stand so as not to interfere with anyone - this is a principle that must be followed.
If parking space is limited, you should leave your mobile number on the windshield to get out and take your car if someone needs to leave.
Parking problems arise most often because novice drivers do not feel the size of their car and cannot calculate their relationship with free space.
A mistake, which is also quite common, is orientation when parking backwards only by using mirrors. Turning your head reveals more. It is also important to know exactly the turning radius of your car, here the owners of cars with all-wheel drive will have an advantage, since it is minimal. If possible, it is better for a novice driver to install a parking sensor - it will signal the distance to the obstacle.
In order not to reward your parking neighbors and yourself with a crumpled bumper, you need to try to take enough time to master the basic parking methods. You can park:
- parallel
- reverse and forward
- perpendicular
- diagonally.
Practicing the setting of a car according to the rules of parallel parking in a confined space is the most difficult option, especially for beginners, but after mastering it, parking will become a simple routine and will not be a problem in almost any conditions.
Output
There are three big tasks to solve before parking:
- evaluate the free available space and dimensions of the car, as well as your level of skill in this part of the driving skill
- remember traffic rules and check if it is really possible to park the car here
- if parking is allowed, park the car as much as possible according to the rules and so that it does not interfere with other cars
- when using reverse, it is better to turn on the emergency light so that other drivers know that a dangerous maneuver is being carried out.
The basic rule is that you can park wherever it is allowed and not prohibited.
Any motorist certainly doesn't want his car to be either scratched or dented. Probably each of us at least once in our life has come across scratches on the body of a car left by another vehicle, after which your mood immediately deteriorated. To our regret, in most cases, we cannot prevent such damage to the car in an accident through no fault of ours, but we can foresee it with you. Statistics say that most often cars are damaged not on the road itself, but in the car park (in the parking lot). It is for this reason that many of the drivers experience a certain amount of fear when parking their car. But do not be sad friends, there are several ways that will help you to protect yourself from such minor damage and you will no longer be afraid in the parking lot (parking lot) for your favorite car.
Park legally and know your size.
It is for this reason that they try to park in a parking lot somewhere on the edge or in a place where there are almost no vehicles nearby. They especially feel uncomfortable where there is an expensive and luxurious foreign car next to a parking space, which they are certainly afraid of being damaged. Here are two main reasons, friends, which usually lead such drivers to the fear of parking their car:
Fear of touching and scratching an expensive foreign car (car).
Poor visibility in the car or the side mirrors of the car, as well as the interior rear-view mirror, are incorrectly adjusted. Also, a common cause of poor visibility is incorrect adjustment of the driver's seat itself.
The worst thing that often happens is that many drivers (even those who park poorly) simply violate the traffic rules, and also do not follow the markings in the parking lot, which in the end often turns out to be a fine or specific damage to the car (on both sides).
If you are going to perform parallel parking when approaching the parking lot, then never be afraid to do it. Remember, if you are afraid and will be nervous at this moment, this state will not allow you to make wise, accurate and correct decisions.
If you are still not sure of yourself or for some other reason cannot enter the parking space, then do not hesitate and ask someone to help you with this. Usually citizens (motorists) willingly agree to help any motorist with this.
Of course, many car parks have plenty of free parking spaces. ... But if you, for your part, think that you will always be lucky in everything and you will almost always find a free space on the car park, then you are deeply mistaken. Sooner or later, you will have to search for a free space for parking your car for a long time and in this case park in a space limited for a car.
We can often see in the parking lot how drivers do not park along the marked lines, but simply in the middle. ... This is usually done without much or malicious intent. It rarely happens when a driver parks his car in this way in order to show his imaginary or far-fetched ambitions to others. Usually, between the markings of two parking spaces, there are people (drivers) who are not very confident in driving or do not know how to park correctly in the parking lot.
But once again, very often due to such improper parking in the parking lot and small accidents occurring.
Therefore, friends, remember that if you parked your car in the parking lot without observing the linear markings on it, be sure to do not forget to rearrange your car more evenly and in the correct line. Otherwise, there is a certain risk for the car, that is, some novice driver simply cannot cope with parking his car and will scratch your beloved car. And this is already sad.
Park your car in a safe place.
Any car park actually carries with it many unforeseen dangers. Especially if such a parking lot (parking lot) is located on the street in the open air. We all love in the summer in the shade under a tree. But, attention, have any of us (you) thought at least once about the fact that trees can simply stain the car or even damage it? No? But in vain. You also need to remember that very often birds gather in the trees that can simply stain your favorite car. Therefore, friends, try to choose only open areas for parking or parking a car.
- Please note that parking your car near playgrounds, near schools, kindergartens and sports grounds is a very bad idea. Be experienced and thoughtful drivers and please do not park your car near these establishments (buildings).
- Park your car next to other cars. It is better to try not to park the car exactly in the place where there are no other vehicles nearby, otherwise you simply increase the risk of damaging your beloved car by those who will arrive at the parking lot later in your absence. If you do not really like to put (park) your car next to other cars, fearing that other drivers or passengers will damage your vehicle with their doors, then please do not worry about this. After all, they just like you do not want to scratch your car.
- Try not to park very close to cars that have (pasted) a warning sticker with an exclamation mark, which tells everyone that the driver has less than three years of driving experience. Do not park your car in front of a novice driver, as most often these novice drivers touch other cars not at the moment of parking, but at the moment they leave the parking space.
- Do not park your car next to a vehicle with poor appearance and condition. Please remember that the owner of this car does not care about its condition, which means he will not be careful and afraid when opening the door of his car for your car, so as not to scratch it.
Many car owners of light vehicles are jealous of the owners (owners). Because of the high ground clearance, drivers of these SUVs can park anywhere. But in reality, this is not at all the case. Let's say you live in a city, then you will hardly be able to legally take advantage of your auto-crossover. After all, as a rule, the following happens, where an ordinary passenger car cannot park, it can naturally climb there, as you know, the same SUV car, it is just there, in accordance with the rules of the road, that there is a road sign prohibiting parking. What is the conclusion from this? Taking into account the rather large and solid fines for today, with the abundance of video-fixing equipment around, many of us (you drivers) should understand that such an advantage of SUVs in parking is very doubtful.
But all the same, and in any case, even if you foresee everything in this regard, then leaving your car in the parking lot in a dubious and car-free place, you still will not rid yourself of that feeling of fear for your beloved car. If you want to completely get rid of such a feeling of anxiety about your car in the parking lot, then you need a very old and rotten car for this, then you certainly will not be afraid of anything, and especially for the fact that your car will somehow be scratched.
But seriously and honestly, just don't be afraid to park your car. The more you will have practical knowledge, the more and faster you will gain the necessary experience and naturally you will be able to place your car exactly where it is convenient and safe for you without mistakes.
Among other things, remember friends that after graduating from a driving school and obtaining a license, you should not stop learning driving and parking skills. This is especially necessary for those who do not operate their car very often.
Therefore, friends, we advise, if you have free time, be sure to practice your parking skills on a special area, it will come in handy. And most importantly, do not despair if you do not succeed for a long time or for some time. Sooner or later, you will definitely succeed. I wish you success!
This is geometry. If you see correctly all the points that you just need to navigate, you can safely learn how to park. If you learn to work clearly on landmarks, any parking will be easy for you.
If there is room more than your car by 1: 4 the length or width of the car, you can get in there without any problems.
If the place is tight, then you will have to do some manipulations. This is not a problem either!
Drive up. If there are other cars nearby, you pause, make sure that there is enough space for you. Then you warn everyone with an emergency signal so that no one is the first to take your place.
Drive forward, stop the car at the first point you need to navigate. It is at the level of your obstacle. 
We stopped the car at the first point. The right rear corner of the car should be near this landmark. Unscrew the wheels to the right and spin the car so that the rear center clearly “looks” at the second reference point of the rear far corner (point 2). 
At this moment, straighten the wheels and back up, until the right fender crossed the conditional line for which you want to refuel your car. 
Unscrew the wheels point-blank to the left, back up and refuel the car. 
When you leave, carefully study the situation on the road. In order not to open the door at the moment when someone will drive along the roadway. 
Entrance to the parking lot
Back up all the way. To free up the distance in front of the vehicle as much as possible. 
We unscrew the wheels to the left. We take the car out of the front corner (point 1). 
Next, we display the car on straight wheels behind the B-pillar. We unscrew the wheels to the right and join the general stream.
If you have limited space, and you need to park, for example, between two cars or a vehicle and a fence, you need to define three landmarks for yourself: 1 - the first limitation, 2 - the second limitation, 3 - parking depth. 
We rest against the middle of the front bumper in the far corner of the restriction (1). 
After that, we carefully return it. 
When the right front corner is in line with the middle of the parking width (3), start moving forward. 
To get out of the car and not damage your own or the neighboring car, you need to additionally take the width 1: 3/1: 4 of the width of the vehicle. 
It is imperative to bring the vehicle behind the front axle. 
We turn the wheels in the direction where you want to go and where traffic rules are allowed. If you understand that you are hitting the car in front, you may need to pass forward again, twist the wheels to the right even more steeply, and only then go forward. 
Reverse parking algorithm
When you drive in forward, you deprive yourself of free maneuvering when leaving. Therefore, it is better to put the car in reverse to the curb, and with the front end to the roadway.
You need to drive forward and set the rear of the car at the level of the first limit (1).
From the reverse, we go back and turn the car so that the rear part rested against the corner of another limitation (2). 
They moved forward. And as soon as you see the parking lot in the rear-view mirrors, we start refueling the car back. 
The picture in the mirrors must continue. At the same time, we direct the center of the car to the middle of the width of the parking lot. 
Every car owner in the process of driving a vehicle must adhere to the rules established by law. When studying at a driving school, all the necessary nuances are presented in the form of theoretical and practical lessons. But situations often arise when the driver does not know or does not understand what is the difference between parking and parking. In this regard, offenses occur, entailing the imposition of penalties or the seizure of the vehicle by a specialized service. The main points related to this topic are discussed below.
Concept
To begin with, you should define the essence of the concepts of "parking" and "parking". They are similar, but not the same:
- A parking lot is an area in which a car can be turned off and left for a short period of time. The main point is that the driver has the right to make such a stop free of charge.
- A parking lot is an area where a motorist can park his car and leave it for a long period. For a set fee, responsibility for the safety and security of the car is transferred to the parking employee.
Comparative characteristics
Below is a comparison of the two concepts under consideration according to several main parameters: payment, responsibility for storage, territory.
- First of all, it should be understood that the definition of parking in the traffic rules does not imply a fee for the service. It can be carried out anywhere: at a shopping center, health care institutions, supermarkets, etc. But the car should not remain idle. Usually, this concept is more often applied to public transport. But an ordinary vehicle can also park near the desired place for picking up / dropping off passengers or loading / unloading goods. The parking lot, on the other hand, implies the possibility of putting a car in a car place for a long time. For this, there are specialized places near socially significant points. In this case, payment is not required, but there will be no security for the car.
- Another option for parking and parking is a paid security zone. In the first case, the motorist must pay a fee to the security company for a certain period, but responsibility for the car remains with the driver (including for personal belongings in the cabin). In the parking lot, different rules apply: for a fee, the responsibility for the safety of the car is shifted to the guard of this territory. That is, if the car is damaged or stolen, the employee will be responsible for this. But such cases are extremely rare, since the zone is usually closed, and you can get into it only through the checkpoint.
- Another important point is that the driver has the right to park only in the designated areas. Violation of this order means the imposition of a penalty. A short stop can be made almost anywhere: if the motorist is in the passenger compartment and the engine is not turned off.
The order of stopping and parking
The rules for parking and parking (and how they differ) are fixed in Chapter 12 of the SDA. According to this document, the vehicle is allowed to be parked in the following areas:
- You can stop or leave the car for a long time on the right side of the carriageway on the side of the road.
- If it is absent, at the edge of the road.
- In some cases, stipulated by the current legislation, the driver has the right to park or park the car on the sidewalk.
Important to know: The last two options are only valid if there is no curb. Moreover, if this section of the road is occupied by other vehicles, then it is unacceptable to park the car on the roadway.
At the left edge of the road, it is possible to stop only on the territory of the settlement in the following cases:
- On roads with two lanes (one in each direction), but tram tracks in the middle should be absent (there is no prohibition if they are placed on the right or left).
- In areas with one-way traffic. In such a situation, the availability of tram lines does not matter. But here a permit was introduced for trucks: they can stop on the left side of the road to load or load cargo. At the same time, the time is limited to 5 minutes.
It is allowed to park cars in one row parallel to the edge of the carriageway, as close to it as possible. That is, it is important that the driver is able to perform the "parallel parking" maneuver. If the car is parked at an angle to the road, a fine may be imposed on it.
Note: Two-wheeled vehicles without a side trailer are allowed to be parked in two rows.
Thus, two most important concepts from the field of traffic rules on highways are considered - parking and parking in traffic rules.
