When someone begins to talk about their car in the company of motorists, one of the first is always naturally the question sounds: "What is the transmission, automatic or mechanic?". Indeed, after all, even choosing a car for yourself, a person, especially if it is his first car, has, as a rule, only 2 selection criteria for the gearbox: automatic or manual.
As for the varieties of the box itself, such, for example, as a variator, not everyone thinks. Some in the process of pre-sales inspection of the car will find out what it is what is the difference between the variatorfrom classical automatic transmission. Sometimes similar ignorance leads to a subsequent disappointment in choosing a car. To prevent this and always be able to choose a car according to your own requests, you need to know difference variator from automatic transmission.
The main components of the automatic transmission a total of two are a hydrotransformer and gearbox. The first is responsible directly for switching speeds - gear. The design of the hydrotransformer is a fully sealed shell of heat-resistant metal, inside of which are the main elements that ensure its normal functioning.
Inside the torque converter is filled with special oil for Automatic, To lubricate each part of the mechanism. The working fluid is necessary because during the operation of the part is subject to the effects of temperatures close to critical. Their interaction between themselves without lubrication can lead to erasing and subsequent breakage and need to replace. As for the gearbox, it provides a reliable trap of all gear in a complex mechanism, making it fully completed.
Speaking about the variator, despite the fact that he acts as a type of automatic transmission, it is necessary to understand its main constructive feature - gear as such this type of transmission does not provide. The switching mechanism in the variator is carried out through the gear ratio, which is transmitted by two parallel to the driven and the leading - conical pulleys. Meetwork the pulleys is sealed with a strap made of special metal or chains - depending on the type of variator box.
Box Variator and Agreement What Difference And what is better? If you carry out the parallel between these two transmissions and during the choice of the car to compare, whose features are more beneficial from the point of view of the consumer, there is no definite answer. None of these mechanisms cannot be called technically simple and cheap in service - no, the repair of such designs takes a lot of time and costs as much money.
Name one of the presented checkpoints more reliable than analogue, it would also be incorrectly - the resource of any car component primarily depends on which care for it was made throughout the entire period of operation. Unified official statistics confirming its results an obvious advantage automatic transmission Or, on the contrary, indicating that the variator is still better, does not exist.
Features of the automatic transmission and variator during operation
The most objective to compare the variator and the machine installed on various modifications of the same body of one brand of car. In this case, it is possible to carry out a thorough comparison on a number of factors and make the appropriate conclusions:
1. Movement / start from the place. At the time of start no differences box automatic from variatorin terms of the functioning of the transmission and sensations of driving as a whole, since at this stage the constructive differences still do not show themselves. With a neat work with the accelerator pedal, cars equipped with both gearbox starts smoothly and without jerks;
IMPORTANT:at the very first variators of representatives of the German automotive industry, it missed in the form of an unnecessary slow switching, and as a result, the inconsistencies of real data on the acceleration of those that were declared in the vehicle passport. Subsequently, this problem was eliminated by engineers, and in its technical characteristics, the variants ceased to play the automatic transmission.
2.D. visibility in the city cycle / movement along the highway. According to this criterion, the variator is slightly ahead of the analogue, but this does not mean that it is a discomfort for cars with a machine gun. Contrary to many speculations, the automatic transmission does not have any incomprehensible jokes when switching - the speed changes occur unnoticed for the driver, regardless of the situation in which the car is operated.
The exception is only faulty instances. The same goes and the box of the variator. They were designed and released to increase the smoothness of the course and with their task they coped successfully, because the switching is not formally occurring at all;
3. Fuel. There is an opinion, allegedly on cars with an automatic box, this indicator is always greater, if you compare with analogs, including with a variator. As practice shows, the difference in fuel consumption, especially in cars with old atmospheric and compressor engineers, is due to almost completely only the engine of the engine itself. If there is a distinction between the variator and the automatic transmission, which is 0.3-0.5 liters of fuel consumed at 100 kilometers, in favor of the first, then this is rather an error than an objective difference;
4. Dynamic characteristics. According to this indicator, it is still necessary to recognize some superiority of an automatic box over the variator, because a kind of "push", given by the car with automatic transmission with each subsequent switching, makes it accelerate faster. However, it can not be denoted as a plus, nor as minus the variator, since it was originally developed for a comfortable and measured ride and integrated into cars intended, in the overwhelming majority, for quiet family trips;
Thus, driving a car with automatic transmission will still be differfrom driving on the same instance, but with a variator. However, the differences will be imprisoned only in some dynamic characteristics that for most auto users are not so important.
However, for lovers to use their car as a sports will be preferable to the automatic transmission as faster. For those who prefer comfort, smoothness and switching, the variator will be the choice more optimal.
It is not possible to identify the unequivocal leader for the listed criteria - this is a subjective selection of each car owner with similar transmissions.
Conclusion: What type of transmission is preferable
Despite the fact that it is objective to identify which gearbox: a variator or machine is better, it is impossible, the public apparently made its choice in favor of classical automatic transmission. Variators did not raise popularity, despite the rather progressive system offered by once engineers when cars equipped with these boxes were just started to go from conveyors.
The main reason for the failure of the variator as a transmission may be that it was put on sufficiently volumetric motors, up to 3-3.5 liters. Yes, in terms of fuel flow meters, such copies consumed no more than their analogues, and on the main ride characteristics of questions, in general, did not arise.
However, consumers when seeing such liters, already mentally outlined the picture in his head, as this car is able to quickly accelerate and maintain such a dynamics throughout the required interval. The variator as a gearbox, intended for small cars and a calm ride, can not give such sensations.
IMPORTANT: box Variator and automatic: what's the difference? Even with the same characteristics of overclocking, for example, up to 100 km / h, in the form of the same numeric indicators of the automatic transmission will produce much more emotions, as if he reconstructs the atmosphere of participation in the sports competition, while on the variator there will be no relatively fast acceleration So feel. By the way, a similar comparison can be carried out between an automatic transmission and mechanical transmission.
The most important thing is to know what you want from the car, and compare the desired so that he is able to give. In this case, the choice between the machine and the variator will not cause any difficulty.
Automatic gearbox is found in three types: Robotic gearbox, classic automatic and variator. By purchasing a car, you should be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of each type. Robotic is rarely found, so we consider the two remaining type. What is better - a machine or a variator, which box to give preference? Let's deal with.
What is "automatic" by car
The automatic gearbox (automatic transmission) was invented to facilitate the driver's life. At its disposal, two pedals are "gas" and "brake", as well as a selector handle, switching which, the owner of the car chooses the operation mode of the automatic transmission. The machine independently switches the transmission and provides movement.
Construction automatic transmission
Automobile automatic transmission is a torque converter. It was invented at the beginning of the last century. Modern classic machine consists of
What is a variator
The second in the popularity of the PPC is a variator gearbox. The modern name of the variator - CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission) is translated from English as "transmission with continuously changing torque". I came up with the principle of a stepless transfer of the torque of Leonardo da Vinci. The first simple variator was used on the mills, later used in the structures of metal machines, wood.
CVT has begun to install in the middle of the last century. He thought of this hubert Van Dornne - an engineer of the Netherlands. The first automotive stepless PPC was named VarioMatic and was installed on the car DAF brand in the 50s of the XIX century.
Construction of the mechanism
A constructive stepless switching box is two cones that move relative to each other and are directed towards. They are connected by a strap or chain. When the cones moves, the gear ratio changes. Modern variators are more difficult, but the principle of action is such.
In the photo Variator Toyota Rav 4
What is better: "Avtomat" or "Variator"
Because of the different design features, the behavior of the car with a machine gun and the variator differ. A car with CVT has no "failure" by traction during overclocking. Speed \u200b\u200band power increases or falls gradually.
The automatic on switching steps spends some time, so there are periods when the torque is not transmitted to the wheels, so when overclocking the car with automatic transmission "tweats". Engineers are constantly trying to reduce the switching time between the steps. In modern automata, it is almost impossible to notice the relief of thrust. Rocking is manifested only with aggressive, high-speed ride.
A little about saving and reliability
What of them is more profitable and reliable? Compare some main indicators:
- Fuel consumption: Auto with "automatic" by augable by 10-15%.
- CVT design is easier and takes less space in the car body. Because of this, the salon of such a car can be more spacious and comfortable.
- Transmission fluid: The variator requires more frequent oil replacement, and the cost of the liquid for CVT is higher.
- Repair: Automatic box in operation and repair cheaper. A constructive variator is much more complicated, so its repair can be significantly hit by car owner's pocket.
- Reliability: the variator does not withstand a larger load, it is more "gentle." His belt transmission will quickly fail when towing, off-road movement, sports ride. "AUTOMAT" is more reliable when operating in heavy conditions.
How to choose on popular auto models
Despite the obvious advantages and cons of both options, it is necessary to choose the appropriate brand. Each car has its own sores and weaknesses, so the most popular questions of the choice I lit down below.
Variator on Nissan Casca
Nissan Cascai since 2014 was equipped and CVT
Since 2014, the variators from the Japanese manufacturer Jatco (jatko) have been installed on this model. The declared warranty period of 120 thousand km. According to owner reviews, the real service life of 130 to 200 thousand km.
The variator on Nissan Casca is not able to withstand heavy loads. Therefore, on such a car should not be towed, the trailer and especially ride off-road. The service life of the variator is reduced by 1.5-2 times. This is an ordinary city car, not an SUV.
When operating, Nissan Cascais with the variator should not forget about the replacement of the transmission fluid and the filter element within every 60-70 thousand km, and the outer cartridge should be changed every 30-40 thousand.
The most common breakdown of the Nissanovsky variator transmission is the failure of the microswitch - "Context" on the handle, as a result, it is impossible to switch from the parking position. Repair inexpensive, replacement is carried out quickly.
Variator in Subaru XV
Subaru XV subjected to restyling
The Subaru XV car is available in a complete set with a variator and mechanics. A stepless switching box is called Subaru Lineartronic CVT. The engineers of the Japanese concern have long refused to install the "automatic" on this model because of the high cost and cumbersome.
The Lineartronic variator allows you to efficiently use traction capabilities of the power unit, save fuel. It provides smoothness and high comfort when driving. Lineartronic is characterized by high sensitivity, fun responds to changes in the position of the accelerator pedal and engine turnover. Another advantage is compactness: as a result, more space appeared in the cabin.
The variator in Subaru XV is a reliable unit, and it is difficult to find negative reviews of owners about his work. One of the problems to be paid attention to is the unstable operation of the engine with a sharp braking. If the car stalls with a sharp press on the brake pedal, then it is necessary to replace the transmission fluid as quickly as possible in the variator.
With untimely actions, the repair of the box will cost much more expensive!
According to the manufacturer, during the operation of the car in difficult conditions, the replacement of oil in the checkpoint should be carried out every 30-40 thousand km. Conditions on our roads can be safely attributed to difficult, so to extend the service life of the variator and auto as a whole, follow the manufacturer's recommendations.
Renault Captur: automatic or variator, what is better?
One of the popular flowers of Renault Captures in 2018 - Orange "Arizona"
The French car manufacturer for its fans offers configuration with mechanics, automatic and variator. The automatic transmission goes to 2 liters, the variators are installed on Renault Captur 1.6 liters. The four-wheel drive is only with mechanics or machine gun.
The variator releases Jatco, unification was carried out for Renault. Engineers introduced personal settings in the fine-grated box work algorithm.
The automatic box is set by the penultimate generation, the new version of the unit simply does not fit into the body, and the cost of the new generation automatic transmission is high. The manufacturer wants their car to be more affordable in terms of prices, so do not rush to install a new machine.
If you make a choice: automatic or variator, then the main criteria can serve as the cost of service, efficiency and operating conditions. For a calm city ride, the variator will suit, for lovers of sports riding and off-road, the best solution will be a mechanic or machine.
How to choose a gearbox to Toyota RAV 4
On Toyota RAV 4 more often choose automatic
Fans of Toyota Rav4, living in a metropolis, prefer automatic gearboxes. They are more reliable and cheaper in repair, but have several disadvantages: fuel consumption is higher by 10-15%, configuration with automatic transmission is more expensive, cars with it are less dynamic.
The variator in Toyota RAV 4 supports the optimal turnover of the engine, which saves fuel and allows you to get a stable dynamics during acceleration. Car movement smooth and comfortable. The resource of the maintenance of a stepless box, as the manufacturer declares to 100 thousand km. The machine will serve without problems up to 150 thousand km.
Choosing between the variator and automatus, it should be determined that it is more important for the owner: efficiency or reliability. The second largest criterion is a ride style. For calm movement around the city, the variator is more suitable.
Useful video about Types of PPC
Summing up
Automatic boxes, including variators, much simplifies the life of the motorist. Vehicle management does not cause special difficulties. The machine and the variator helps to keep the car under control in any conditions. Each option has its pros and cons.
comparison table
So, if you plan to ride only around urban roads, do not carry the trailer for a car, then the most optimal for you will be a car with a variator. With the correct operation, replacing the fluid in the box and the filter on time, \u003d it will last long. For sports rides, more suitable options: automatic or mechanic.
Leave your impressions of car management with different types of gearboxes. It will be useful to other readers and help them decide on the selection of the type of checkpoint.
Good afternoon, today we will talk about what automotive gearbox Best - automatic or variatorial, what reliabilityand resourceknots, and also from which major componentsconsist mechanisms. In addition, we will tell about what advantagesand disadvantagespossess boxes gear automatic and variator type, which service intervalmechanisms follow observe and what details of transmissions susceptible to the greatest wearin the process of operation. In conclusion, let's talk about what kind of car transmission most preferred for urban and countryconditions as well what is the difference between transmissions Friend from each other.
What oil to fill in automatic transmission
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Today, if you repel from statistics salescars equipped automatic transmissionswhose species are considered classic machines , variators and robots T. boxes gear With a type of action machinealmost B. 2 times more often bought than competing mechanisms. If you repel from accurate figures of research buying activity Over the past 5 years, then in the market of the countries of the Customs Union ( Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan) It was implemented by car buyers with mechanical gearbox - 45 percent , from automatami - 30 percent , from variaators (CVT. ) - 15 percent and S. robotic transmission - 10 percent . Concerning boxes robots , then literally in recent years, sales of cars with such a transmission doubled, and such mechanisms are increasingly possible to meet on domestic Lada Vesta , Ixray , Priora and Grant .
Automatic transmission: features, malfunction, resource, pros and cons
How and when did the first automatic machine appear?
It is believed that the first automatic type gearbox appeared in shipbuilding at the beginning of the 20th century in Germany. Her inventor was the German scientist, Karl Fattinger
, It was he who first suggested using a hydrodynamic transmission that allowed to combine work engineand transmissionsWhat led to the effective spinning of the ship's screw. Thanks to the present invention, this element of the gearbox also appeared on the light, as hydromeftawhich is today considered one of keyelements of modern automatic.
As for cars, the first vehicles that began to be equipped with such transmissionthere were American cars " Oldsmobile"And this event happened in 1939.
. First boxes gear called " Hydromatik
"And until today's their day designalmost never changed. Reference notice that any modern machineit has in its equipment two key nodes
- this is reducer
and hydrotransformer
.
Such an element of an automatic transmission like hydrotransformerreplaced by clutch. The task of this node is to gear shift In the box happened without jerk, i.e smoothly. Children
in turn, includes pair of Gearswho are in constant engagementtogether. Thanks to that " dense
" designs, modern machinerepresents a compact mechanism
which is equipped with a certain amount steps. Reference notice that until recently, most cars were rear-wheel driveand as a rule, equipped with everything 2-3 transmissions
in machineThat was enough for optimal movement. However, at the present stage of the automotive industry, most cars on the contrary have front-wheel driveWhat contributed to increase speed
, Therefore, the number transmissionsbecame big since 4-H.
And finishing 8th steps
.
Concerning technicalcomponent, T. machinealready tested for years and today has been brought to almost its perfection. Technically automatic
is enough sturdy systemwhich has proven itself mostly only with positive.
How does the machine work?
How we know the movement of any car is based on torque momentwhich is transmitted from the power plant. In the machine torque Transmitted thanks to hydrotransformer, in which there is no rigid engagement
and the mechanism functions from pressuretransmission fluid. Thus, it turns out that once in the system no hard engagement, therefore, I. breakhere almost nothing. However B. buildingmachine available treesfrom planetary transmission and disksfrom frictionmade of out becomewhich are in constant in motion.
Elements such as frictionaccording to mine functionssimilar to S. clutchin mechanical gearbox
. Thanks to them, during compressionor rally, you are connected couplingswhich at one point or another correspond to certain transmiers. In addition to the above items, machineincludes special special high pressure pump, as well as hydrelclock. In reality elements in automatic transmission much more and we are talking only about the main componentswho are involved in the immediate functioningsystems.
What parts in the machine are most susceptible to breakdowns?
Most breakdownin machineand variatoroccur due to incorrect operationand untime service node. For automatic transmissions The most important thing is compliance with Service Rules
. In the event that machinesimply " score
"I. aTF non-changer after a big run, for example more than 100 thousand kilometers
, then it often leads to the fact that the hydraulicock is clogged, radiatorand filters. Ultimately, all this leads to the fact that oil pump Stop hold optimalworking pressurein the system, because of what frictionon steel discs start scrollWhat leads to slipor how do car mechanics say automatic starts " kick
"
or"
bounce
". In the most launched state
, transmission transmissions can simply do not turn on or twitchin the process of driving. Ultimately, the result of everyone automatovone - they go to emergency mode
.
That's the majority specialistsultimately recommendbefore buying a supported car first checkon the wear machineand its components. There is even that rulewhich helps determine the degree of wear. It concerns it smelltransmission fluid. In case if automatic oil smells gar, this indicates that Gricks are burned and are in strong worn condition. Therefore, if presence outsulein the box, better refusefrom purchasessuch a car. In addition, if transmissionstrong runningT. faultsit may have a large amount from planetary Gears And finishing friction linings of the torque converter. We will note that everyone machinehas own nuances, so breakdownand degree of wear For details of this or that models of transmissions may differ.
What is the resource of the machine?
In the event that the transmission operated and servicedin accordance with manufacturer's RulesT. resourcethe node can be no less life Power installation of the car. how recommendauto mechanics, if we change the transmission fluid every 40-50 thousand kilometers run
T. machineable to get 350-400 thousand kilometers
, and this applies mainly to 4th step models
. Let's notify that by oRDERspecialists, it is 4-step gearboxes
considered the most reliable, especially japanese manufacturers
.
In order to extend the service life of the machine, it is necessary to adhere to certain rules
: firstly
, carry out the change of working fluid not later 1 time in 60 thousand kilometers of run
, and better even more often ( reference: No automatic machines, do not believe dealers); secondly
, together with the transmission fluid, you need to change the oil filter; third
It is desirable to wash the transmission radiator with each oil change and filter; fourth
, clean the pallet and transmission magnets from wear products in the form of metal chips. Thanks to this simple rules, resource machine gun
can increaseaverage by 10-15 percent
from those values \u200b\u200bthat are specified by the manufacturer.
Advantages of automatic :
- simple and understandable vehicle management, that is, there is no need for each time the transmissions are shown behind the box selector, as everything happens in automatic mode;
High reliability of the design with due service and operation, and significantly large than the variator;
Maintainability at a high level, since the system has long been studied by most auto mechanics;
Requirements for transmission fluid lower than the variator and is much cheaper;
Less electricians in the system on average 25-30 percentthan the variator. Basically, everything works on mechanics;
Large service intervals than the variator. On average, the oil change in the node occurs 1 time in 60-80 thousand kilometers run.
Disadvantages of automatic
:
- accelerating dynamics worse than the variator and manual gearboxes;
The lowest efficiency among competing types of transmissions, due to the fact that in the machine there is no rigid gearing with a power plant and the functioning process is carried out using a hydrotransformer under the pressure of the technical fluid. By the way, because of this, such a transmission in the system has transmissions;
The presence of jesters at the time of switching speeds due to the premium;
The volume of transmission fluid necessary for replacement in the machine can be from 8 to 15 liters, Variatori from 5 to 8 liters, and mechanics, all from 2 to 4 liters oils;
The largest fuel consumption compared to the variator, robot and mechanics. All this due to the fact that the system has the lowest efficiency.
In this way, transmission automatic gear
or hydraransformer
type is enough reliableand proventime node. but positive sides The machine is overlap limitations, as low efficiency
, increased fuel consumption
, weak dynamics
and shock
at the moment of switching gear ( reference: 6-speed automata, push almost invisible). However, if commit correctly
This gearbox and fill only high-quality liquids
then you can not worry about resourcenode.
Variator transmission: features, malfunction, resource, pros and cons
Official name variator transmission
- CVT.
that when deciphering means Sontinuosly Variable Transmission
. According to some car enthusiasts, variable speed drive
it was born later than other types of transmissions. However, this is fundamentally not true. Since in itself principle of operation of the variator It was described in the 15th century by the famous inventor at that time - Leonardo da Vinci
. Operating principle variatorbased on two coneswho are directed in different directions relative to each other, and between them stretch belt. That's just such designand invented Da Vinci
By the way, such a system was taken from windmills. But as we understand variable speed driveit was not created in the 15th century, as for this it was simply no opportunity.
As such is given Type of Transmission Gradually began to move into practice only in the middle of the 19th century, when it began to be used on industrial machines. And only in 1957 Dutch designer Hubert Wang Dorn , I decided to transfer design of variator from machine tools in the automotive industry. Van Dorn It is considered the first man on the planet who created sainted transmissionhe called VarioMatic. . Let's notify that this variable speed drivesince 1959 began to be installed on small trucks of the company DAF. . As a rule, cars were equipped with small volumepower plants: 0.6 - 1.2 liters . Thanks to high efficiencytransmission, System Van Dornna Received many positive feedback At that time and automakers were in service safety variator For their own models.
Concerning technicalcomponent, T. variable speed drivejust like machinerefers to one of the species automatic transmission. the main thing the difference between the variator from the machine
- no speed or transmissions. True in some modern variators(example:
CVT X-Tronic
JF015E.
from Jatco.
) have so-called virtual Showsthanks to which the driver can produce switchspeed \u200b\u200bwhen translating selectorboxes in different positions.
Structure variatorbefore pain is simple and based on 2 pulses (lead and slave ), which are located opposite each other and connect belt transmissionusually with metal trapezivide belt. Concerning conessuch a gearbox then they Not wholehow was originally and in the form shift halves. Principle of operation variatorbased on leading pulley, which is located in spreadcondition. Driving beltin turn, moves to a small diameter, leaning on its faces on surface pulley. Let's notify that if pulleylocated in shifted positionT. beltwill rotate in big diameter, as a result, the maximum possible ratiowhich corresponds first transmission.
Also note that when it happens shifting, then smooth reducinggear ratio, which provides the so-called gear shift. Interesting nuance variator is the fact that transmission numbers Almost fully correspond to the indicators of the classic automaticalthough again we note that stepsin the system, as such absent. Due to such a specific principle of action, variable speed drivein terms of efficiencybetween power installation and wheels, has the best efficiency. All this due to the fact that transfer torque from motoron the transmissionand then on wheelsTransmitted mechanical effort, i.e hard way, not with the help pressuretechnical fluid.
What details in the variator are most susceptible to breakdowns? Unlike automatic , variable speed drive very demanding k operatingand service. Transmission fluid necessarily in variatorchanges every 60 thousand mileage kilometers , or even more often. Otherwise if do not change According to the oil regulation, very serious may appear. problemswith system components. As a rule, with naval attitude to variator,first thing wallowed by hydrabs from oil pumpthat later can't pump Optimal oil pressure in the system. Because of this treescan not properly clampand scatter drive beltwhat leads to his slip. When starts bounce beltthen this leads to its accelerated wear, because of which it may later happen breakelement. When cliff belt, variable speed driveinstantly collapsedand on this life ends up, and recovery, as a rule, he is already is not subject to. In addition, often in variatorsoccurs erasing of the mirror surface of the shafts, what also influenceson the resource belt. Well, you can not forget about a bunch of not reliable electronicswhich controlledmodern variable speed drive.
What is the resource of the variator?
Speaking pro lifetime of variator always need to remember about timelyreplacement of transmission fluid, since it will be directly dependent on this action vitalitytransmissions. Often when violating by the car owner conductors' service regulations, his life can come to the end already on 90-100 thousand kilometers run
. However, except oilattention is also worth paying drive strapwhich, as a rule, changes to 130-150 thousand kilometers
. If a wrap the drive belt replacementthen it may end it obust, and this is already replacementtotal variator. According to auto mechanics, variable speed drive
- this is transmissionwhich will always keep in the tone of your owner. Maximum resourcemodern variatorsaverage is about 250-280 thousand kilometers run
.
Advantages of variator
:
- good dynamics of acceleration, in comparison with the classic machine;
Reduced fuel consumption, in comparison with a hydrotransformer type machine ( reference: consumption less than 9-14 percent);
The absence of gears, therefore there are no jerks when switching speeds, which give smoothness and dynamism when moving;
A high efficiency, in comparison with the machine, the indicator of the variator is higher on average by 6-9 percent;
Simple car control, and also requires less time to warm the node to the operating temperature.
Disadvantages of variator
:
- the mechanism is considered difficult in repair, since not many auto mechanics are familiar with the design of some models, so it will have to handle during breakdowns or services to official dealers, which will fly into a penny car owner;
The need for frequent replacement of transmission fluid and a flexible drive belt of the mechanism, which is not a cheap procedure;
Many electronics in the system and in case of its failure, you will have to contact specialized stations of maintenance or to dealers, which is again expensive;
Transmission fluid is used only special, with high tolerances that a priori is cheap simply cannot change it, as often as possible.
Dec What is better - automatic or variator?
Based technical features in terms of principle of action, dynamics, smooth strokeand fuel consumptionT. variable speed drive
definite it is betterautomatic
. But as soon as it concerns serviceand repairT. variable speed drive
- It is solid headache For car owner. Machineconsidered more studied relatively maintainability, it is possible fasterand cheaper fix, restore, as well as to refine. However, in one of both transmissions similarif the car is bought supportedT. diagnosticneed to do both mechanisms.
Video review: "Automatic or variator - what is better. Reliability, malfunction, resource, pros and cons"
In conclusion, we note that it does not matter what transmissioninstalled in boughtvehicle if it is purchased neww. dealer. Often in the process operatingnew car, when the appearance of certain faults, everything closes guaranteemanufacturer. However, the opposite is if the car boughtwith hands, that is, with mileage, eg after the warranty periodwhich often makes up 100 thousand kilometers. In this case, more preferredlooks like machinesince his easierand cheaper fix, in case of appearance breakdown. Moreover, resourceclassic automatov, as a rule, on 25-30 percent morethan variators.
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When choosing a car, each motorist knows well what type of transmission is preferable - "automatic" or mechanic. And if the differences between these two boxes are clear to the majority, then this is the difference between the "automatic" from the variator, a few will say. Unprepared, inexperienced car enthusiast will be difficult to deal with this issue.
The first thing I want to say - automatic and variator transmissions are completely different, both on the principle of operation and in structure. The only similarity between them is the gear shift function. What do these transmissions differ? What is better, "automatic" or variator? In these issues we will understand.
Characteristics of both types of transmission
I will start with a well-known many auto box owners. It consists of:
- gearbox;
- hydrotransformer.
The latter exercises and is responsible for switching gear. The task of the gearbox to keep in constant engagement all pairs of gear. As a result, a single mechanism having several steps is obtained.
The variator works without switching speeds. The principle of work is as follows. The slave and presenter cone pulleys transmit a gear ratio. They are located against each other. They are pulled by chains or metal trapezoid belt.
Due to the movement of the pulleys, the car accelerates without changing the engine speed. The motor, working paired with a variator transmission, has a greater resource, since it is not operated on large turns.
We define the type of checkpoint
The difference between the variator and the "automatic" is quite obvious. It is expressed by technical features, as well as the specifics of work. And if you do not take into account the technical part, then how to find out what transmission is installed in your car? Is it possible to define the type of gearbox based only from the behavior of the car? I think this question is of great interest. I will answer it as specifically and understandable. 
Having achieved a certain number of revolutions, the automatic gearbox switching on an increased or reduced transmission occurs. At the time of the switch, you must feel a characteristic little push. It looks like a push when switching a mechanical transmission and helps to determine the type of box - a variator or "automatic". Switching transmission of automatic gearbox occurs only with 3.5 thousand revolutions. Also increasing the noise level of the motor, when the machine is gaining speed.
What is the main difference?
Now I will explain how to distinguish the variator from the "machine"? What is characterized by the work of the variator - it does not produce any transmissions. The machine moves smoothly and gently. When the speed set is changed slightly. In fact, such a transmission is characterized by an infinite number of gears. My personal experience has shown that ride a car with a variator is much more comfortable and more convenient.
I give a detailed list of the main differences from the machine. Automatic transmission:
- Does not provide a car of rapidness and dynamicity.
- Promotes greater consumption of fuel compared to a machine equipped with a variator gearbox.
- Requires frequent oil replacement in large volumes.
- Repair of an automatic box will cost you much cheaper.
- "Automatic", on the contrary, has a torque converter that is responsible for switching gear.
Variator box:
- It requires high-quality and truly professional masters who have a lot of experience.
- Repair takes a large amount of time.
- The variator works without switching gear.
Not easy choice
What type of transmission still prefer? What is more reliable automatic or variator? Which of the transmissions will last longer, and will not deliver you trouble? Compared with an automatic box, the variator wins in terms of operation. It provides confident acceleration, promotes fuel economy, which is important in conditions of constantly growing prices. The resource of the variable transmission significantly exceeds the "automatic". 
An unequivocal answer to the question is that there is no more reliable. Only your personal preferences and desires can serve as a guideline. I can advise one thing. If you drive exclusively in the city, you can choose the variator. This type of transmission will help to safely save on fuel. 
If you regularly leave for the city or love to travel a lot on any tracks and roads, then the preference is worth giveing \u200b\u200bonly the "old kind automatic". Believe me, it will be more reliable. For those who have now currency, I will tell you an example of one friend. He also could not decide what to choose. As a result, 2 cars with different types of transmission were purchased. Leaving the city, he rides audy with a machine gun to get to the right place. Going to work on Bahe with a variator. A simple solution available not to all. But it really saves.
In a word, a variator or machine - to solve only you. There is no one right to solve here. Everything is strictly individually. Be sure to watch the video and read the technical characteristics of both transmissions in more detail. So you will become clearer, what kind of gearbox you are most suitable, because a person, buying a car, plans its exploitation. Naturally, on the variator you can travel on a trip, but it will not be possible to mock such a box. Such cars deserve the title of non-winter, where everything should be considered.
The concept of "variator" appeared in the middle of the last century, and at the moment this type of transmission has already taken a well-deserved place from manufacturers of scooters, bikes and snowmobiles. Modern auto industry began to master this gearbox not so long ago, but the leading companies have already released models equipped with a box of this type. In the environment of motorists there are related issues: what is better to choose, automatic or variator; which box is more reliable; What is their difference; What are the advantages and disadvantages of these boxes? In order to understand these issues, it should be found out what these types of transmissions are.
The variator (stepless gearbox) is a device that transmits torque from the engine to the wheels of the car. Due to the fact that the work of the variators does not require switching gear, it is capable of changing the rotation speeds very smoothly.
Machine - Type of transmission consisting of 2 main components: a hydrotransformer that provides a clutch function, as well as switching gear and gearbox.
The main differences of the variators from automata
Vehicles, equipped with both the variator and machine, have 2 pedals, which greatly simplifies the driving process and allows the driver not to be distracted. Controlling a stepless box occurs with the help of a computer, it is it that after analyzing the conditions of movement, selects the most acceptable gear ratio. Thanks to this, the engine operation occurs in gentle mode, smoothly and without jerks. Also, thanks to the optimization of the engine operation, with the variator, there is no sound characteristic of a speed set.
Both boxes require large costs when repaired. Moreover, when the variator fails, it is necessary to apply only to the official dealers, due to the poor transmission of this type. Repair of the machine, is easier, but it will require large financial investments.
Both boxes require regular oil replacement. The transmission lubricant for the variator is characterized by a high price, but it takes less, and the replacement itself needs to be carried out. The oil in the machine can be changed independently, on sale there is a huge range of lubricants for automatic transmission, but it is necessary to make a replacement more often and the required volume of oil is much larger.
Cars with a variator and automatic require a special mode when towing and have a number of restrictions for this.
Comparison of stepless boxes and automata
Cars equipped with a variator have a number of advantages and disadvantages compared to machine guns.
The main advantages of stepless PPCs:
- Acceleration they have more rapid, without jerks, which is explained by the lack of need to switch gear; A set of speed occurs without "failures", unlike machine guns.
- Cars equipped with the transmission of this type, forgive drivers some driving errors. For example, on the traffic light, the car will not stall, will not roll back when moving up the mountain, and the process of movement from the spot will always be smooth and comfortable, regardless of the skills and driver experience.
- Thanks to the choice of the optimal mode of operation of the engine, cars with a variator are more economical.
- The load on the engine and other elements of the drive are optimized, compared with cars equipped with automata, they are at least susceptible to wear and require more rare repairs.
- Noise levels that make cars with stepless gearbox, roughly twice as low as those equipped with a machine.
- Also, the level of emission of harmful substances in the exhaust gases from vehicles with such a box is much smaller.
In addition, cars with variators have a number of shortcomings:
- A stepless box is mainly not installed on cars with a powerful engine.
- After disconnecting for a long time of the battery, the mode of forced calibration of the operation of the CAT, which lasts during the first 100 kilometers of the run is turned on.
- The repair of variants will cost much more expensive, besides specialists who can produce it, find hard.
- Cars with this checkpoint have limitations when towing a trailer or other vehicle.
- For the correct operation of the variasts, the indicators of a huge number of sensors are taken into account: the speeds, the position of the crankshaft, the control of ABS, pressure and many others; When they fail, the transmission will not work correctly.
Reliability of variators used in Toyota Corolla cars
Corollas equipped with a variator appeared in 2006. The reliability of the boxes of this type of models up to 11 generation is not high and caused the complaints of the owners. This was due to such reasons:
- The variators worked mainly due to friction, which caused the intensive belt wear and the working surfaces of the box itself.
- The correct operation of this checkpoint depends on the readings of a large number of electronic devices; The failure of one of them is able to cause the variator operation failure.
Based on this, it can be concluded that the car Toyota Corolla, released until 2013, the automatic box is more reliable than a stepless gearbox.
Corolor 11 generations after a long and painstaking work, these disadvantages of the variasts managed to eliminate, so new models are not available with the machine. A new stepless gearbox CVT Mulridrive S allows you to feel securely and confidently driving a car, and also significantly save on fuel consumption.
Rules for using stepless Boxes Toyota Corolla
For greater reliability of the variator, the basic rules for their operation should be observed:
- When used in winter it is not necessary to give a variator of heavy loads, especially if he did not have time to warm up. The optimal temperature regime will significantly extend its life.
- The state and level of fluid in the box of this type you need to pay special attention, on time to change and add it.
- Since this type of transmission is not adapted to participate in races, it is not necessary to overload it.
- Timely perform the sensors inspection by checking their integrity and efficiency.
- When any problems are detected in the variator, do not try to eliminate them yourself, better contact a specialized service station.
