The Mazda R2 is a classic 2.2-liter four-stroke pre-chamber engine running on diesel. Was created specifically for heavy vehicles. Differs in reliability and high operational period.
Design features
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The R2 atmospheric power unit was developed in the mid-eighties of the last century for trucks.
This engine has four cylinders arranged in one row, a direct valve drive and a camshaft located on top. Each cylinder has one intake and one exhaust valve.
It is also equipped with a mechanically controlled high-pressure fuel distribution pump, however, for some Kia Sportage models, the developers have equipped an electrically controlled injection pump. This type of pump is characterized by compactness, uniform fuel flow through the cylinders and excellent operation at high speeds. It maintains the required pressure in the system, depending on the engine operating mode.
A crankshaft with eight counterweights is installed. A toothed belt is used as a drive for the gas distribution mechanism.
The designer used a short piston, which increased the volume. The cast iron cylinder block with cruciform oil passages is robust but adds weight to the unit. The block heads are made of aluminum alloy, which positively affects the power and economic performance of the engine. The camshaft position sensor is located under the cover. Valve thermal clearances are adjusted by means of washers.
Prechamber injection is provided in R2, that is, the fuel first enters the prechamber, which is connected to the cylinder by several small channels, ignites there and then enters the main combustion chamber, where it burns completely.
One of the most important features of the engine is the design of the pistons, which includes special molded thermocompensating inserts that prevent excessive expansion of the duralumin and thereby reduce the clearance between the cylinder surfaces and the piston.
The internal combustion engine shaft is equipped with a dynamic damper that improves the gas distribution characteristics.
The engine attachment is driven partly by the timing belt.
The R2 Mazda has a closed air cooling system with forced circulation of coolant, which is provided by a centrifugal pump.
Specifications
| Manufacturer | Mazda |
| Cylinder volume | 2184 cm3 (2.2 liters) |
| Maximum power | 64 horsepower |
| Maximum torque | 140 HM |
| Recommended engine oil (by viscosity) | 5W-30, 10W-30, 20W-20 |
| Of cylinders | 4 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel | Diesel fuel |
| Weight | 117 kilograms |
| engine's type | Inline |
| Compression ratio | 22.9 |
| Cylinder diameter | 86 mm |
| Average fuel consumption per 100 km of run | Urban cycle - 12 liters; Mixed mode - 11 l; Country cycle - 8 liters. |
| Recommended oil (by manufacturer) | Lukoil, Liqui Moly |
| Piston stroke | 94 mm |
The engine number is located on the engine block under the intake manifold.
Advantages and disadvantages
One of the main disadvantages of the presented diesel engine is the cylinder head, inside of which cracks form due to overheating. It is problematic to identify this defect, its appearance is indicated by intense heating of the engine during acceleration.
In most regions of our country, the cylinder head and some other elements for R2 are difficult to find, therefore, heads from the RF-T or R2BF motor are often used for it.
It is very difficult to tune R2 on your own; most likely, you will have to resort to the help of specialists.
The advantage of the unit lies in the unusual design of the pistons and the entire connecting rod-piston group. It is great for a work truck or minivan because it has enough power and excellent traction at low revs. The engine is not intended for high speed travel.
Major breakdowns
"R2" is a fairly reliable engine and is not prone to permanent breakdowns, but troubles happen with it:
- Stops starting due to a malfunction of the injectors or a malfunction of the fuel pump and combustion plugs;
- The wear of the timing elements or the ingress of an air flow into the fuel supply system leads to its unstable operation;
- Black smoke appears due to a low compression level, a failure of the nozzle spring or a jammed needle in the sprayer;
- Extraneous knocks occur if the compression level does not correspond to the preset values, or due to early injection of the combustible mixture, wear of the ShPG elements.
"R2" has good maintainability, but as already mentioned, the components for it are not always easy to find, for this reason you have to borrow them from other engines, for example from Mazda RF, R2AA, or MZR-CD.
Maintenance
The first maintenance according to the regulations is carried out after 10 thousand kilometers. At the same time, the engine oil, as well as the oil and air filter are replaced, the pressure on the unit is measured and the valves are adjusted.
After 20,000 km, a second maintenance is performed, which includes diagnostics of all engine systems and an oil and fuel filter change.
The third maintenance (after 30 thousand km) involves replacing the coolant and oil filter, broaching the cylinder head bolts.
The timing belt must be changed every 80,000 km of distance traveled, otherwise it will break off and bend the valve.
The injectors need to be changed every year, the battery, antifreeze and fuel hoses last 2 years. Attachment belts wear out after two and a half years. The exhaust gas recirculation system should be renewed every four years.
What cars was installed on
This engine was used in minibuses and minivans of the following brands:
- Mazda - E2200, Bongo, Cronos, Proceed;
- Kia - Sportage, Wide Bongo;
- Nissan Vanette;
- Mitsubishi Delica;
- Asia Rocsta;
- Ford - Econovan, J80, Spectron and Ranger;
- Suzuki - Escudo and Grand Vitara.
Following a long-standing tradition, many Japanese automotive companies aggregate their vehicles with powertrains of their own production. Such a well-known company as Mazda Motor Corporation is no exception. At the same time, the range of produced motors includes gasoline, diesel and rotary engines. Among the diesel engines produced by the company, the most common is the r2 diesel engine, which was installed on the Mazda Bongo van from 1983 to 1999.
The popular Mazda Bongo minibus served as a prototype for a number of similar models produced and sold in South Korea, Australia, the USA and other countries. Within the framework of licensing agreements, r2 engines were also installed on them.
Specifications
| INDEX | VALUE |
|---|---|
| Cylinder volume, cc | 2184 |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Maximum power (at 4000 rpm), hp from. | 64 |
| Maximum torque (at 2000 rpm), nm | 140 |
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 86 |
| Piston stroke, mm | 94 |
| Compression ratio | 22.9 |
| Fuel supply system | Injection pump (mechanical or electrical) |
| Gas distribution mechanism | HE IS WITH |
| Cylinder operation diagram | 1-3-4-2 |
| Engine oil | 5W-30, 10W-30, 20W-20 |
| Lubrication system | combined |
| Engine oil volume, l: | |
| dry engine | 7.1 |
| without changing the oil filter | 5 |
| with replacement of the oil filter | 6.4 |
| Fuel | Diesel fuel |
The engine was installed on Mazda Bongo, Ford Econovan, Mazda E-series, Ford Spectron, Nissan Vanette, Kia Wide Bongo, Ford j80, Mitsubishi Delica cars.
Description
The r2 engine is a classic 4-stroke vortex-chamber diesel power unit, 4 cylinders of which are located in one row, is considered a fairly reliable, but somewhat noisy engine.
The ONS-type gas distribution mechanism with an overhead camshaft and a direct drive of 8 valves (2 valves per cylinder) is assembled in the cylinder head. The thermal clearances of the valves are adjusted with washers.
The gas distribution mechanism and the high-pressure fuel pump (injection pump) are driven by a toothed belt. In this case, the r2 motor can be equipped with a plunger injection pump of the Diesel Kiki type of distribution type, which is controlled by both electronics (Kia Sportage) and mechanics (Mazda Bongo).
Fuel supply system
The main task that must be solved by the developers of any diesel engine is supplying a strictly defined amount of fuel to its cylinders. It is solved with the help of a high-pressure fuel pump, which is the main element not only of the fuel supply system, but of the entire power unit as a whole.
The high-pressure fuel pump consists of:
- fuel priming pump;
- plunger device;
- solenoid valve for shutting off the fuel supply;
- pressure reducing valve;
- drainage fitting;
- fuel injection timing regulator;
- all-mode fuel regulator.
Diesel fuel is supplied to the high-pressure fuel pump by means of a fuel priming pump. At the same time, the volume of the supplied fuel significantly exceeds the amount required for the normal operation of the engine. The plunger pair of the injection pump regulates the amount of fuel and distributes it to the engine cylinders according to the diagram (see the table), and the excess fuel is drained back into the tank through the drain fitting.
Stable engine operation in all modes is ensured by an all-mode fuel supply regulator, which limits the maximum number of crankshaft revolutions depending on the position of the gas pedal (determined by the driver). Depending on the number of revolutions of the crankshaft, the injection timing regulator changes the moment of fuel supply to the engine cylinders.
The solenoid valve is connected to the ignition switch and when the key is turned to the "Off" position cuts off the fuel supply to the plunger pair of the injection pump. At present, taking into account all the stricter environmental requirements, distribution injection pumps are equipped with electronic control units that provide accurate adjustment of the dosage of fuel entering the cylinders. This not only reduces the toxicity of the exhaust, but also increases the power and smoothness of the engine. They also regulate the operation of the EGR valve (exhaust gas recirculation).
Maintenance
Maintenance of r2 diesel engines is reduced to regular replacement of consumables (oil, filters, belts, etc.), as well as regular checks of the main elements that ensure the trouble-free operation of the power unit. Wherein:
- replacement of engine oil and oil filter is carried out every 10 thousand km. mileage;
- fuel and air filters are changed after every 20 thousand km of distance traveled;
- the coolant is drained and replaced with a new one at least once every two years;
- the timing belt must be replaced every 80 thousand kilometers.
In addition, it is necessary to regularly check the condition (after a certain number of kilometers of run):
- timing belt - 30,000;
- valve clearances of cylinders - 20,000;
- hoses and branch pipes of fuel supply and cooling systems - 10,000;
- exhaust gas recirculation systems - 40,000;
- nozzles - 40,000.
If defects are identified, they must be eliminated.
Malfunctions
Typical malfunctions of the r2 diesel engine are summarized in the table.
| FAILURE | CAUSE |
|---|---|
| The motor does not start. | The fuel priming pump is out of order; faulty injection pump; broken injectors; the glow plugs are out of order. |
| The engine does not develop enough power. | An insufficient dose of fuel is injected into the cylinders; the atomizer is damaged; fuel leak. |
| Unstable operation of the power unit. | The parts of the gas distribution mechanism are worn out; air has entered the fuel supply system; the injector spring burst. |
| Extraneous knocks in the engine. | Early fuel injection; wear of parts of the connecting rod and piston group; the amount of compression does not correspond to the specified values. |
| Black smoke comes out of the muffler. | Late fuel injection; the needle is stuck in the sprayer; the injector spring burst; low compression level. |
Tuning
Diesel engines have a number of advantages over gasoline counterparts. They are more economical and not picky about fuel quality. However, one of the significant disadvantages of diesel engines, compared to gasoline ones, is their low power. Therefore, the question of increasing the latter sooner or later becomes before each owner of a car with a diesel power unit.
Carrying out work related to increasing the power of the diesel engine is associated with a fairly large volume of work and their considerable cost. In addition, it is necessary to have experience in performing complex metalworking and mechanical assembly works, therefore, to perform them with 100% certainty of obtaining the expected result, it is best to contact specialized tuning studios that can offer various ways to increase the power of diesel engines.
In particular, for power units of the Mazda Motor Corporation it is offered:
- Chip tuning
Chip tuning (changing the power characteristics of the engine without mechanical intervention) is possible by installing a special controller (CHIP), which will change the pressure characteristics in the diesel fuel supply system. With the help of chip tuning, the engine power can be increased by about 30%.
- Installing the turbocharger
Turbocharging is considered one of the most efficient ways to increase the power of a diesel engine. However, it is impossible to do without the modification of the motor design.
Production of the R series at Honda Motor started in 2006, when the Civic was first equipped with a family unit. The two-liter r20a engine was not installed on the Civic, but received all the advantages of the R series: lightweight design, many advanced technologies and systems, including molybdenum processing of pistons, cooling nozzles, etc. Like other modern engines, r20a focuses on ecology, minimal consumption, but at the same time - not at the expense of productivity and resource. Therefore, it is not a problem to buy an internal combustion engine r20a in good condition in Moscow.
Description and main characteristics
The power unit is a 4-cylinder in-line aluminum injector, topped with a single-shaft light-alloy cylinder head, with a nominal volume of 1997 cubes. The engine has direct injection, 16-valve SOHC valve timing, I-VTEC system, variable intake. Compression is 10.5, engine weight is relatively low due to the use of plastic and light alloy elements. You can buy the Honda r20a engine from Japan in several modifications, depending on the car for which the engine is intended and the year of manufacture.
The power of the unit ranges from 150-156 "horses", it is achieved at 6200-6300 rpm. The maximum torque of 189-190 Nm is generated at 4200-4300 rpm. The engine complies with Euro-5 environmental standards, consumes AI-95, consuming a little more than 7 liters of fuel in the combined cycle and up to a liter of oil per 1000 km of run. Experts recommend buying a Honda 2.0 r20a engine used both for replacement and for possible tuning.
How to increase the life of an r20a motor
The average resource of the motor exceeds 250-300 thousand. Of course, this is subject to normal use and maintenance. It is recommended to change the oil twice as often as the regulations (ideally - every 5 thousand). In addition, the owner must be aware of possible problems, among which are often:
- A characteristic knock due to the absorber valve or unregulated valves (there are no hydraulic lifters for r20a).
- Noisy operation due to drive tensioners.
- Vibration, especially "cold", caused by failure of the supports.
- Premature breakdowns related to fuel quality (lambda probe, catalyst).
There is no reason to doubt the quality and reliability of the motor - it takes care of the resource and even more without any problems. Therefore, instead of capital, it is recommended to buy a contract r20a, the price of which is noticeably lower, and drive without significant maintenance costs for several more years.
The contract motor r20a can be freely selected in our company. These are motors without internal mileage, with a confirmed resource of 70 percent, passed bench and manual diagnostics and received quality guarantees.
| Engine modification | Where was installed | Period of use | Power (max.) |
| r20a |
The Honda R18A engine was released in 2006 and was first used for the eighth Honda Civic. The R18 engine was intended to replace the outdated D17 engines in particular, and the D series in general. The timing chain is based on a chain, structurally the cylinder head has not changed, the same sixteen-valve SOHC camshaft for one camshaft, iVTEC intelligent variable valve timing system was added. The engine is characterized by the presence of an intake manifold with variable geometry (with two modes), there are no hydraulic lifters, which dictates the need for timely valve adjustment. A year after the start of production, the engine was finalized and a larger analogue was released, which received the R20A index. Used it already on cars superior to the Civic class. There are very few modifications to the Honda R18A engine and only the R18A1, a variation created for the Japanese and North American markets, and the R18A2 analogue for Europe, can be called. From a technical point of view, these variations completely repeat each other. The motors are technically identical. When it comes to the weaknesses of the Honda R18A engine, the following are usually noted. The engine often knocks. As a rule, the matter is in the adsorber, and specifically in its valve, and this is a normal situation. On Civic models, knocking can occur due to valves, so they need to be adjusted in time. It happens that the owners of cars with an R18A engine complain about extraneous noise. This may be due to the drive belt, the tensioner of which may wear prematurely. In this case, in order to get rid of extraneous slugs, you just need to replace the part. It happens that vibrations arise. Vibrations when the engine does not warm up is normal. If vibrations occur even after the engine warms up, and even tangible, this is a reason to check the supports. It should also be noted that the engine loves high-quality fuel and oil, if this requirement is not met, the lambda probe, catalyst and variable valve timing system may order to live long. In general, the Honda R18A engine is quite reliable and, if properly maintained, can last a long time without causing any trouble to the owner.
TUNING OPPORTUNITIES
If we talk about the atmospheric tuning of this engine, it should be noted right away that not so much can be done in this direction. You can install a cold intake, add direct exhaust with chip tuning, and get an increase of 10 hp. Further experiments will require a GO Power Motorsport shaft (or similar), a 60mm Skunk2 damper, a Weapon R inlet receiver, and Wiesco pistons. In addition, the cylinder head needs to be refined, and the purchase of Acura RDX turbo injectors with a performance of 410cc. So you can get 180 hp, but in practice, most serious hatchbacks will surpass such a modified R18A, so the feasibility of such modifications is in question. The most correct and reasonable decision when tuning the Civic R18 is to use a compressor. There is a popular Jackson Racing solution on the market, and you should resort to it if you want to use a compressor. This and a number of corresponding improvements make it possible to get 300-350 hp from the engine.
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Production |
Honda motor company |
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Engine brand |
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Years of release |
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Cylinder block material |
aluminum |
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Supply system |
injector |
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Number of cylinders |
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Valves per cylinder |
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Piston stroke, mm |
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Cylinder diameter, mm |
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Compression ratio |
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Engine displacement, cubic cm |
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Engine power, hp / rpm |
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Torque, Nm / rpm |
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Environmental standards |
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Engine weight, kg |
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Fuel consumption, l / 100 km - city - track - mixed. |
5.1
6.6 |
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Oil consumption, gr. / 1000 km |
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Engine oil |
0W-20 |
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How much oil is in the engine |
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When replacing pouring, l |
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Oil change is carried out, km |
(better than 5000) |
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Engine operating temperature, deg. |
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Engine resource, thousand km - according to the plant - on practice |
250-300 |
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- potential - without loss of resource |
n.d. |
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The engine was installed |
Honda civic |
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The renowned British Land Rover brand recently wowed motorists and experts alike with a prototype of the legendary SUV that was released more than 70 years ago, shown at the 1948 Amsterdam exhibition.
A unique model was discovered in 2016 near the plant in Solihull, after which the specialists completely disassembled the vehicle, and then enlightened every detail of it with X-rays. Thus, the craftsmen found out which of the components are subject to further use. It turned out that the front axle could still drive, but the rear axle had to be disposed of.
The transmission has also undergone restoration, the Organ Stops gearshift mechanism required repair. The earliest crossover models used the Lockheed braking system, while the series production used Girling. To restore the prototype, it was completely re-assembled from the blueprints created 70 years ago.
The body of the model underwent only partial restoration, returning it to the original Light Green color, eliminating a few shortcomings and replacing a couple of panels, for which two millimeters thick sheets of aluminum were used. The gearbox and transfer case, hubs, and exhaust mounts were also assembled according to blueprints and then installed on a rebuilt SUV. At the end of the restoration work, the original emblem was also carved into the metal, which distinguished the original of 1948.
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