The car engine has a sufficiently high weight and is prone to vibrations, so it should be fixed from any displacement when working. If the fasteners are rigidly connected to the elements of the body, they will very quickly fail, since when driving along the irregularities of the roadway, the attachment point will perceive significant alternating loads.
Plus, the whole body will constantly vibrate, which in addition to discomfort for those inside the car, will also adversely affect the durability of all the elements of the car.
Pillow (Support) Engine VAZ
Purpose
Special supports or as they are also called, pillows are used to quench the vibrations during engine operation and for its reliable fixation.
The pillow of the support is not called random, as it fully matches its intended purpose. So in the well-said dictionary of Ozhegov, one of the meanings of the word "pillow" is what is supporting something, takes on the pressure of the mechanism.
The main task of installing the support is the reliability of fastening and minimizing the displacement to the side during operation.
In addition, thanks to the pillows, the power unit is isolated from all parts of the body, which makes the car comfortable for movement.
Depending on the car model, the engine can have from 3 to 5 pillows.
So the front and rear pillows monitor the vibration at idle and when the engine exits the maximum load.
Design
The simplest supports is a rubberometallic element, where a layer of rubber is placed between two steel plates. The plates are on the ends the threaded part in the form of a stud for connecting with body parts. Such products can be performed both solid and collapsible.
Some supports, for example, classic VAZ models 2101-07 inside the pillow also had a spring and rubber bunch, which increased the rigidity and mitigated strong blows.
Recently, more often, instead of rubber, manufacturers began to use polyurethane, as the most wear-resistant, and metal in most cases gave way to aluminum.
On more expensive auto models for greater comfort, more modern designs are used, such as hydraulic supports. They consist of two chambers and membranes between them, the chambers are filled with liquid, which can be moved from one container to another.
Such supports can adapt to the operation of the power unit in any modes of its operation and are capable of maximizing any emerging vibrations, significantly increasing the degree of comfort during the operation of the car.
The greatest loads on the engine pillows occur when it starts, starting and stopping the vehicle. Faulty support increases the load on the engine and transmission, increasing the likelihood of their breakage.
Faults:
Cracks, bursts on the body of the filler, or steel plates;
Cushion deformation;
Detachment of rubber from metal;
Signs of malfunction:
Motor "bounces" when starting and braking cars;
Striving at the rear speed;
When driving on an uneven road, knocks, similar to the malfunction of the chassis.
Causes of malfunction
There may be several reasons for premature pillows. For example, when tuning a car, shock absorbers with a more rigid characteristic, low-profile tires for improving manageability and changes in the appearance of the car. However, in this situation, the shock absorbers on the pits are not fully quenched by the body fluctuations that have a negative effect on all elements and including the engine support.
Master ride. These are sharp starts and braking provoking huge loads on the engine pillows due to the rapid shift of the center of gravity. This should also attribute the passage of irregularities on the road without reducing speed.
Natural wear. These are mechanical loads, temperature drops, the aging of the rubber filler losing its elasticity.
Replacement time
On average, the support of the power plant is capable of going out about 100 thousand kilometers and more (up to 200 thousand) with moderate driving and proper control over their condition.
If you find any signs of a malfunction of the engine pillow and the checkpoint, it is recommended, without delaying to replace them. At the same time, it is not necessary to acquire products of an unknown manufacturer, giving preference to the original.
Finally. Comfortable supports, this is the comfort and safety of movement, as well as the extension of the resource of your power unit.
Comfort in the car's salon largely depends not only on the correctly made quality noise and vibration insulation. Even if there is such discomfort, it may still occur. Often, motorists are faced with motor vibrations. They may arise due to violations in the engine or as a result of a breakdown of motor fasteners. Particularly often on these problems are complaining of car owners from AvtoVAZ, where sixteen-precious power units are installed. Car owners are faced with a strange knock in the engine compartment. He is inconstant. It may appear, then disappear during disks or when driving around an uneven road. The fault of the engine cushion is fault. Signs of this phenomenon - vibration. But that's not all.
Typical causes of noise in engines
If in the process of driving on the car, it was clearly heard of the characteristic knock from under the hood, more precisely, from under the bottom of the motor or in the transmission area, if in the process of switching from the 2nd to the 4th transmission of noise and vibrations increase, then it can Being associated with impairment in the work of the suspension or with the operation of the engine. Depending on the state of the road cover, these sounds can increase.
Engine pillow
The pillow is called the gasket between the engine and body elements. On Soviet cars produced, this product looked very simple. This is a durable rubber insert with places under fasteners. Modern power unit support can be in various design. Hydraulic pillows are isolated, rubberometallic parts. Often the engine and gearbox on the front-wheel drive cars are fixed with four or five such supports. So, two of them are under the rest - under the engine. Rubberometallic support may look different.
Cylinder of steel or aluminum, inside of which there is a rubber silent block. Also occurs the so-called aluminum alloys lamp with a rubber insert.
Standard airbag location
The right support is located on top and attached to the car seat spar. The front is fastened most often on the motor beam, you can see it from below.
The rear pillow can be found fixed on the bottom either on the front belt of the body. As for the rear support, it may not be on certain engines. Support for goes as common. It is installed closer to the back of the motor.
Typical malfunctions
If the car is operated for a long time in conditions of serious loads or temperature drops, then all this does not most effect on the engine support. Over time, rubber loses its elasticity. In addition, the pillow may be fascinated or cracking, or even to collapse. But it is worth considering that the service life of these parts is quite large - more than 100,000 km. High load supports are exposed at the moment of touching the car and in the process of braking. If the auto owner loves to ride fast enough, with sharp jerks at the start, then the supports will not serve its given period. Also among typical faults, you can select a breakdown of a metal aluminum bracket. This often happens when drips on the distinction of obstacles. If there are leaks of oil in the engine, it will definitely fall into the rubber part of the support. This lubricant can freeze the Silent block, and the support fails. Also in the best way to the rubber part of the pillow affects the coolant. Systems in the system need to immediately eliminate.
Without besides cracked GBC, Tosol from the expansion tank will fall into rubber details. This will not be better affected by their resource. It is important to remember that it is not only unpleasant to operate cars with broken supports, but in some cases unsafe.
How to determine that the support of the aggregate has failed
Often, novice drivers do not know how to diagnose the engine cushion malfunction. Signs of such a breakdown are often confused with something else. The first signal of breakage of the support is unpleasant sounds like clicks or knocks in front of the car at the beginning of the movement or in braking. Another sign is detected when driving around uneven roads. Such a ride is necessarily accompanied by characteristic blows in the front of the car. Also about the fault of the pillow can say and suddenly appeared vibration. Sometimes when moving in bad roads can give a gearbox in the lever. This all suggests that there is a motor cushion malfunction. These signs must be taken into account and then perform diagnostics. Sometimes it is very difficult to determine the breakdown. Usually, motorists write off vibrations to the fact that the motor is not warm enough and often they simply do not pay due attention. A characteristic feature that will talk about the exit of the details of the system - creak.
Methods of diagnosis
So, the owner believes that the engine pillow failed. Symptoms of malfunction confirmed.
Next, you need to check the status of the supports. In order to make sure the integrity of these parts, you will need a jack and any supports - stumps of wood, pallets, tires. Suitable anything. It is also desirable to harvest the mount or a thick stick. Let's look at how to determine the engine cushion failure. To do this, it is recommended to install a car for the maximum smooth surface. Then you need to raise the car with the help of a jack, then the prepared support should be installed under the engine. It may be a log or something else. Jack is better removed.
Visual inspection
Check what state is the support of the power unit, you can visually. For this, the owner must lie under the car and inspect the supports. In case of inspection, you can identify solidising rubber, cracks and impulses, the bundle is actually disconnecting the metal from rubber.
Check backlash
This option enjoys if there are everything there, but it was not possible to find something visually. It is necessary to check the availability of backlays on the mounting of the engine support to the body.
For a full inspection, experts are recommended using a stick or mount to shake pillows from side to side. If you managed to detect a big backlash in places where the engine's support is attached to the body, then you can perform a free repair. But you can also go to a hundred and eliminate the problem there.
Signs of failure of the engine support "Lada Priory"
VAZ cars are practically no way constructively different from cars of any other manufacturers. The same applies to the device and the location of such parts as the engine pillows. Signs of malfunction ("Priora" including) can be identified with characteristic vibrations of the motor. This manifests itself at idle and at higher revolutions. The engine will twitch unnaturally.
This is the signal to the owner of the need to check the supports or their replacement. The second feature is twitching the steering wheel. The oscillations of the steering wheel depends on the frequency of the operation of the power unit. More about the failed pillows can tell the gearbox. When moving, the transfer will be knocked out.
"Ford"
Vibrations on the body of a car at idle and in the process of movement indicate that the engine pillow failed or damaged. Signs of malfunction (Ford Focus 2, including) can be different. Two supports are used on Ford Focus cars. Right - hydraulic, left - support gearbox. In case of damage, it is recommended to replace both elements.
Naturally, it is possible to replace only damaged and vibration will pass, but the new support will be subject to much more loads and fails much earlier than its term. As a replacement, it is worth purchasing original parts. Cheap analogues are less than 20 thousand kilometers.
Mazda Demio
Signs of malfunction of the left airbag engine "Mazda Demio" are knocks and vibrations. The supports account for a serious load. It is worth carefully monitoring the condition of the pillows, the faulty item can damage the motor. In this car, three pillows: left, right and lower. The second is near the oil-tanning neck of the motor. Under the battery there is a left support. The bottom is located directly opposite the junction of the engine and the automatic gearbox. Methods for diagnosing a malfunction in this case are the same as for any other cars - this is a visual inspection and audit check.
and automatic transmission
Beginners car owners are often asked why the automatic transmission is twisted when moving. There are many reasons for it. Or can the automatic transmission jump due to the malfunction of the engine pillow? Yes maybe. Sometimes the behavior of the car is changing. Therefore, if extraneous vibrations, shocks, hum, characteristic noise, is best to check the supports.
The engine cushion (or engine support) is a special rubberometallic fastening element that holds the car engine. The number of engine pillows in different designs of cars differs, but in many cases there are three: right pillow, front and rear.
The shape of the pillows can be different - there is no definite standard. But the functionality of this element is always aimed at solving the same tasks - to ensure the reliable mounting of the engine in the processing space of the car, effectively extinguish the vibration and oscillatory exposure to which the car's power unit is exposed.
The engine cushion is performed by its direct functions thanks to a special design. It can be rubberometallic (mainly) or hydraulic (much less often).
Basic signs of engine pillow wear
Efficiency and simplicity of design provide the engine pillow quite a long service life - about 100 thousand km. Run. However, this is not an accurate digit - a breakdown can happen as before and later. Especially strong exposure to pillows are subjected to accelerations, accelerations and braking. If you like aggressive ride, then the pillows are a weak place of your car! Exploited a car with faulty engine supports is extremely recommended. This creates a risk of exacerbating breakage and failure of adjacent elements and vendors of the car.
Although the engine pillows are not quite in sight, but it is possible to recognize their failure in several signs:
- increased uncharacteristic vibration, which is felt in the cabin;
- creak and grinds when the engine is running;
- when driving around the uneven road, there is a return in the shift lever;
- at the beginning of the movement or braking, strikes in front of the car are heard;
- visual impaired integrity of pillows.
In order to reduce the likelihood of adjacent breakdowns with a faulty engine pillow, you need to contact a professional car service and get to it at low speed without sharp jerks during the movement.
Engine fastening manufacturers
There are quite a few manufacturers of high-quality rubber goods for cars. Therefore, if you want to buy a jet pillow, then it is better to pay attention to reliable manufacturers with high quality goods. A good acquisition option can be products from brands Lemforder, Sasic, FEBI BILSTEIN, ASVA, VTR.
To replace the engine airbags, only the ability to keep the tools in the hands and the presence of these most tools are usually required. Often for the work, which themselves do not make up much difficulty (for example, replacing the cylinder block plugs on the front-wheelwater vases), it is required to remove the engine.
At the same time, the replacement procedure, for example, the lower engine support, is carried out "along the way", if it requires its condition.
Modern cars often have a "dense" layout, so sometimes the engine pillows acquire additional functions - for example, the support body can serve as a bracket for any node, for example, on Peugeot 307. We will not consider such "exotic" options, most clearly fastening principles Motor is easier to consider on domestic cars - no wonder for many experienced masters, our cars played the role of the "letter".
Engine pillow wear
Worn engine cushion
Depending on which one pillow under the engine broke, the signs of its malfunction can be:
Faulty pillows are determined by the ruptures of rubber dampers or breakage of aluminum brackets.
- Engine vibration at idle.
- Foreign knocks while driving, felt in the procession compartment or under the gearbox.
- Rod with dynamic overclocking cars.
- The knocks in the engine compartment during the startup or stop of the engine.
- Difficult gear shift.
On cars having hydraulic supports, in addition, the dynamics of acceleration may worsen.
Visually faulty pillows can be determined by stratification and ruptures of rubber dampers or breakdown of aluminum brackets. An experienced specialist may also define a particular pillow by the way how much the damper is deformed.
Varieties of pillows
Varieties of car engine pillows
The role of the engine damper usually plays rubber, absorbing shocks and vibration.
Despite the variety of execution options, the general purpose of the pillows is to play the role of engine suspension, i.e. Clean the vibrations and fluctuations in the power unit. The role of the engine damper usually plays rubber (sometimes in reacting with hydraulic oil properties), absorbing the shock and vibration, without allowing the displacement of the power unit.
As an example, you can take the engine support at Niva. It is a rubber cylinder with welded plates with threaded heels. The left and right support of the engine is absolutely the same, the third, supportive, has a slightly different appearance and is installed on the crossbar fixed on the bottom of the car.
The sizes of the supports and points of their attachment are calculated in such a way as to prevent the power unit offset, and the engine weight squeezes the pillow, and it is distributed in such a way that the rubber break due to its shift deformation is practically excluded.
Similarly, the engine, located also the longitudinal axis of the car, was installed on the "Volga".
But with the transverse arrangement of the engine, it is somewhat more complicated, by virtue of the structure of the power unit as a whole. Therefore, supports most often acquire the type of suspension levers, as a motor damper having silent blocks, as on additional supports of VAZ 2112:
Such a design of the support is also sometimes caused by the need to support the most remote points from the body of engines, which after modernization acquired a large mass. Application of additional supports allows you to install more heavy motors without significant changes in the design of the car.
The most typical for relatively small power units is the way they are "hanging", as at 2108 -09.
The engine assembly with the checkpoint has three attachment points:
- left engine support;
- the rear (lower) engine support.
How to work engine cushions
Support car engine cushions
Pillows are working similarly to Silent Silent Silent, that is, to twisting rubber.
Pillows are working similarly to Silent Silent Silent, that is, to twisting rubber. Therefore, on vehicles operated mainly on bad roads, because Such supports turn out to be unreliable - the rubber is separated.
More compact cars with relatively heavy (with respect to the total mass of the machine) are suspended somewhat differently - the rubber damper works on compression-stretching, which increases its service life. In addition, such supports more severely fix the engine.
But a weak point of such supports can be too long the engine cushion mounting bracket if it represents a single whole with it and is made of aluminum alloy. When "seeding" rubber careless riding on the uneven road can lead to his breakdown.
Hydraulic (or hydromechanical) engine cushions differ from the usual in that they have variable rigidity. This is achieved at the expense of the sampling of the engine. When a certain number of revolutions is reached, the valve separating the support cameras closes. As a result, the liquid (antifreeze), before the camera flowed from the chamber, starts playing the role of an elastic element. Externally, such supports differ mainly, the presence of a fitting for connecting a vacuum hose and cable.
Such pillows are intended to clean the vibrations from the motor, the bulk of which "lies" on other supports.
Replacing car engine pillows
To replace the pillows, it is enough to squeeze the engine so that the support is unloaded.
The price of work on the replacement of engine pillows is usually small - from 500 rubles per piece. The exception can be "running" cars.
For example, this amount can be significantly larger if in the holes of the PPC housing, intended for bolts or fastening of the support of the support, the threads or stiletts themselves are already torn. Often it requires dismantling the unit - otherwise the hall does not drill and do not cut into the thread - the space does not allow these works on the spot.
It often happens that when turning off the fastening bolts of supports to a spar or subframe, mortgage welded nuts inside the latter are broken. It happens, for example, when replacing the left cushion on Daewoo - Nexia. You have to do in the window "Window" and weld the nut.
Especially a lot of trouble can deliver and replacing the rear axle of the engine on an old VAZ 2108 - 2110 - sometimes you have to welcome the "pay", replacing the part of the rotten bottom.
But it is rather exceptions. In general, the replacement procedure is quite simple. It is enough to post the engine so that the support is unloaded. For this purpose, you can use installed on the board, put on the observation pit. The unloaded pillow is usually quite easily removed and replaced by a new one. Sometimes it may require additional disassembly to ensure access to the support.
Working out modern cars, designers strive to increase multiple indicators. First of all, it is: power, speed, efficiency, comfort and environmental purity.
Today we are primarily interested in comfort. Mainly to improve comfort in each modern car, cushions are installed under the engine. These pillows are designed to quench the vibration from the working engine, and do not let them on the car body and most importantly in the salon. And although such pillows are quite simple and reliable, they, like any detail of the car, can fail. Signs of engine airbags malfunction, as well as the procedure for their replacement, we now consider.
In the overwhelming majority of cases, three pillows are installed in passenger cars, on which the power unit lies. As a rule, such pillows consist of one or two metal plates, between which the thick layer of rigid rubber is flooded. Here is the actual tires and extinguish vibration and at the same time, keeps the engine in the correct position. Meanwhile, the engine is closest to the gearbox, today is often hydraulic. And some car owners change all airbags or engine supports on hydraulics. This is more expensive solution and reviews more comfortable.
Causes and symptoms of engine cushion failure
Engine pillow on VAZ 2101-2107
There are no specific reasons for which motor pillows fail. However, riding at high speed on the uneven road, can be able to damage the engine in addition to all other things. Frequent detonation, operation of a motor with a different compression in cylinders, and other reasons that cause an increase in motor vibration can influence negatively to the state of the engine pillow. Also weakly tightened bolts on which these elements are attached, contribute to the accelerated wear of these parts. But all these factors are rather particular than global moments.
As for the signs of wear of the engine pillows, the basic is the appearance of vibration from the motor in the car. In addition, when you press gas, a single blow appears, which is repeated when you drop gas.
If you open the hood and ask someone to squeeze the gas pedal, then with a worn pillow, close to the gearbox, can occur when the motor during the progasion is raised for some distance. With a serious wear of one of the two remaining pillows, the motor can also squeeze in one direction or another. In old cars, where the silencer is rigidly connected to the exhaust manifold of the engine, the appearance of a knock may appear. This silencer knocks on the body or some parts of the equipment of the car.
In principle, some serious threat, at least at the initial stages, the wear of the engine pillows does not bear. But, as in any system, unforeseen vibration will gradually destroy certain parts, nodes, car systems. With a strong wear of the motor pillows, it can be disrupted from the attachment, which is of course much more dangerous in its consequences. But, this is, in essence, the last stage of the disease.
Replacing engine airbags
In principle, the replacement of the engine cushions - the procedure is simple and not particularly expensive. Unless of course, you do not decide to change all three supports on the hydraulics. It is worth noting the fact that the worn pillow, let only one, will quickly kill the other two. Therefore, if you launched the problem, you should change all engine cushions. But if the vibration only appeared, you can do and replace one support.
In order to replace the engine pillows, you need to subdominate its pallet, but one danger is hiding here. In order not to failed the pallet jack, you need to substitute for it, the board, wide and reliable.
Next, let go bolts on the pillows without removing them. After that, we dismantle the worn back and put a new one. Tightening all bolts, it is better to produce with the use of a threaded retainer. Here is the entire replacement procedure. Hydraulic support that is located next to the gearbox is challenged. An additional feature that this support failed can be considered the drips of the working fluid on its body, as well as an arbitrarily rolling gear lever, while driving.
