The concept of Gran Turismo for the first time arose long before the invention of the car. In England, in the XVII-XVII centuries, long-term travels for different cities and countries of Europe practiced members of rich families. Such a journey played an important role in the process of obtaining education with young people, and it was called Grand Tour. The end point of the journey was Rome. Due to the fairly low speeds of movement, such trips lasted for several years, and, accordingly, luxury and comfort accompanied the rich and influential siblings throughout the path. When in the 20th century, quickly, expensive cars, the term GT (Gran Turismo), did not only have found, but also took a decent place in the automotive industry to replace the crews of the harness. Today, Gran Turismo, on a par with a GT abbreviation, is familiar with everyone and everyone. Translated from Italian Gran Turismo means "long-round trip". However, in our time, GT is a car class, more than just phrase in Italian.
GT abbreviation machines in the title are the most powerful, high-speed and comfortable car manufacturers. Traditionally, the GT index receives two or four-seater sports compartment with front-engine or medium-engine layout, as well as rear-wheel drive. Such cars are designed for good roads and long-distance, long journeys, in addition, the Gran Turismo class machine feels confidently on the high-speed track. The founders of the modern GT class are traditionally considered automotive companies like Alfa Romeo, Ferrari and Lancia. Cars with a signboard of one of these companies, more often than others, were the work of the Gran Turismo class. Bright confirmation of this - Lancia Aurelia B20 GT 1951. That is what car, among the first, it was assigned to the popular GT class. In the 50s of the last century, competitions in the Gran Turismo class appeared for the first time. After a long break, the GT car racing was resumed at the end of the nineties. Then the models were attended by legendary, such as Ferrari F40 and McLaren F1.
Traditionally, the modern automotive market distinguish several main types of GT cars. At the same time, most of them are familiar to many ordinary orders, because these indices can often be found in the name of modern cars.
The GTI index (from the Italian "Gran Turismo Iniezione") - means that the car is equipped with an injection, for the first time such an index appeared on Maserati 3500 GTI 1961. However, the first GTI type car, which was produced serially, became Volkswagen Golf GTI 1975. GTE or GT / E is a German analogue of the GTI index. The car of this type was first embodied in the body of the German Opel Manta GT / E. The GTO index, which in the original sounds like Gran Turismo Omologato, indicates: "Car allowed to races", i.e. Auto suitable for technical specifications to participate in GT class races. GTO car type is widespread from car manufacturers like Ferrari and Mitsubishi. In turn, the lightweight car class GT will have the GTA index (from the Italian Gran Turismo Alleggerita) in its name. And GTAM is an abbreviation of a modified lightweight GT class car. Abbreviation GTV (Gran Turismo Veloce) is used to designate the forced GT cars. A vivid example of such a car is Alfa Romeo GTV6 - a model produced from 1980 to 1986, with a 2,5 liter engine working capacity and a maximum speed of 205 km / h.
Almost any modern eminent automotive company has in its model range cars class GT or accompanying type GTI, GTA, GTV and others. For example, Aston Martin to the GT class includes models with nameplates: DB4, DB5, DB6, V8, DB7, DB9 and Aston Martin V12 Vanquish. Also, cars with German roots are presented quite widely in the GT segment, in particular: BMW 6 series, BMW 8 series, Mercedes SL, Mercedes SLR McLaren, as well as Porsche 928. Practically the entire range of luxury-sports Maserati is Cars of class Gran Turismo: Maserati Granturismo, Maserati Mistral, Maserati Ghibli. Bentley Continental GT, Cadillac V-series, Ferrari Daytona, Ferrari 599 GTB, Ferrari 612 Scaglietti, Jaguar XJS, Jaguar XK, Lexus SC, and Mitsubishi GTO complement the family with the loud name Gran Turismo.
Today, the car class Gran Turismo is not only a pass to the world of high speeds and sports tracks, but also into the world of luxury, comfort and general respect.
Automotive acronyms (abbreviations) have long been used by world manufacturers. Most autocontracens take two or three letters, combine each other and turn them into additional names of their models - for example, BRZ, MX-5, MKX. Very often, these abbreviations go after the original name of the machine, which gives potential buyers additional tips in the configuration of the car.
Almost every manufacturer, from acura to VW, has its own set of letters that distinguish a specific model range from the rest of the production line. It is interesting to figure out what is actually hiding under the familiar and familiar abbreviations.
1. Acura.
To emphasize the features of each model range, Acura uses sufficiently complex character sets, which can be understood only after graduating. Consider the main acronyms that are used in half of the manufacturer models:
NSX.: New, sports, experimental.
Sh-awd.: Supports aggressive driving.
P-AWS.: All-wheel drive transmission.
TMU + IPU.: Intelligent control unit and reinforced engine.
2. Alpha Romeo
The return of Alfa Romeo in the United States was noted by the appearance of additional letters near the gear shift lever. Letters D, N. and A. Denote certain parameters of the torque and prompt the driver at which speed it can count if the accelerator pedal is pressed until it stops.
3. BMW
The German automaker has a strange trend - give names to their machines, the least corresponding to the technical parameters. Abbreviations - no exception. For example, often in decoding acronym you can find a "four-door coupe" or "Sedan" body. Therefore, no one looks at the symbols that BMW puts after the name of his model, as on the hint. But BMW is exceptions:
SAV.: Sports car.
Vanos.: From the German "Variable Nockenwellensteuerung" (optimal operation of the camshaft).
Abbreviation BMW it's simple: " motor plant Bavaria»
.
4. Cadillac.
Despite the fact that the Cadillac marketing department set the "V" symbol in CTS-V and ATS-V models, it actually does not mean "speed". The icon was introduced to designate the orientation of the American automaker to use in the model range of V8 and V16 engines. The abbreviations of CTS and DTS are included in the international classification as defining the class of the car.
CTS.: Catera Touring Sedan.
DTS.: Deville Touring Sedan.
V.: Engines V8 and V16.
5. Chevrolet
Chevrolet used enough abbreviations enough to classify their famous sports coupe Camaro. In the new ZL1 1LE model, an abbreviated abbreviation was used, which, unfortunately, does not displays any specific technical characteristics of the machine. In the line of symbols, the company has only three abbreviations that have clear decoding.
Ls.: Luxury sport.
RS.: Rally sport.
SS.: Super sport.
6. Dodge.
The Dodge production line has several already universal abbreviations that indicate sports, i.e. High-speed vehicle characteristics. For example, the R / T icon was first introduced in 1967 on the Coronet model. SRT abbreviation denotes even greater motor power than R / T, and the numbers 392 are cubic inches of the engine.
R / T.: Road ride.
SRT.: Fast road ride.
392
: Cubic inches 6.4-liter V8.
7. Ferrari.
Ferrari created a whole system of acronym to designate the characteristics of its model F1. The hybrid KERS system installed on Laferrari was first represented on races in 2008. The letter "T" entered the line of symbols of the company to designate the turbocharging system in California and GTC4 Lusso convertibles, and the 312T symbol is the designation of the transmission gearbox.
T.: Turbocharging.
M.: Modifier.
Kers.: Kinetic energy accumulation system at the time of braking of a car.
8. Fiat.
The word "Fiat" is usually considered simply the name of the famous manufacturer. In fact, it is a simple abbreviation, which indicates: Fabrica Italiana Automobili Torino
And freely translates as "Italian Automotive Plant, Turin."
9. Ford
Ford has a series of special iconic cuts, most of which are used only for high-performance machines, such as Mustang and GT supercar. But even simple and budget models like Focus and Taurus seem solid when after the name there are such characters like, RS, SVT, etc.
Sho: Fast ignition.
SVT.: Semi-automatic assembly.
St.: Sport technologies.
RS.: Rally sport.
10. GMC.
In 1909, General Motors bought the production of Motor Vehicle Company and renamed it to GM Truck and Coach Division
. Later name reduced to GMC.
And ultimately the whole world knows the manufacturer of high-class trucks, SUVs and crossovers just like GM.
11. Honda.
The reduction of TWO, one of the most recognizable abbreviations of the automotive world today, can be found in the background of the best models of Honda, in particular, Civic. Reducing SI and Type R modifiers show that the auto speed is quite high and has a high engine torque. Honda often uses such abbreviations as VTEC and BRO.
SI: Sport Injected (Quick Injection).
Type R.: Racing type.
Vtec.: Variable valve timing with synchronization and electronic control.
12. Infiniti.
In 2010, the Japanese concern set the IPL symbol on the G37 model. This meant that the car has engine power 348 hp After all cars, regardless of the model range, began to be equipped with a full drive, an infiniti icon appeared in the infiniti abbreviation line "X" . Other acronims did not climb infinity cars.
13. Jaguar
Jaguar approached the use of automotive abbreviations with a purely American smell. The company began to use symbols that standardly indicated high speed indicators for a model range, whose power characteristics significantly inferior the symbol value. Acronym SVR appeared on the Jaguar F-Type model in 2016 after it was used by Range Rover to classify its car.
SVR: Special Vehicle Racing (special ride mode).
Svo: Special car assembly.
14. Lamborghini.
Abbreviation Lamborghini SV.
Appeared after the debut in the 1972th of the already cult model of the Miura. Since then, the abbreviation that means "super quickly" used on models of Diablo, Murcielago, Aventador. These are the most popular and widely used symbols in all models of the Italian concern.
15. Lexus.
Lexus uses only one letter to classify its cars, it " F.
- flagship "models. Use other symbols The Japanese concern considers a waste of time. The car or must be first, or it should not be at all.
16. Mercedes-Benz
Often, AMG letters appear in Mercedes models, but few people know what it really means. It is just a three-letter abbreviation of the names of the company's founders and the city.
AMG. - Werner Aurrecht, Erhard Melcher and the city of Grofasp.
17. Nissan.
The legendary sports car GT-R, Nissan Nismo is actually abbreviation. Debuted model in 1984, under symbols GT-R.
hiding Gran Turismo Racer.
, no more.
18. Porsche.
Among the sports models Porsche S and turbocharged models, the acronym is most often found. GTS.
. This symbol is denoted Grand Turismo Sport
And it does not carry any additional information.
19. Subaru.
The WRX and STI abbreviations attended all Subaru models in a particular symbol sequence. From the 2010th, the acronyms began to determine the particular type of car, but an entire production direction.
WRX.: Global rally experiment or world rally.
Sti: Subaru Tecnica International.
20. VW.
Disputes that symbols indicate GTI
On the hood of Golf R, stopped recently. Experts identified that this is a technical designation of a 2-liter engine with turbocharging, which Volkswagen installed on its model. Abbreviation TSI
or TDI
- These are the parameters of the engine configuration, not more. In principle, no one expects the use of symbols not for its intended purpose from the pragmatic German concern.
Golf GTI is produced since 1976. But his story began a couple of years before release. A group of employees of the concern - enthusiasts, striving to improve the dynamics of Volkswagen cars, secretly began to work on a special project "Sports Golf" in 1974. Anton Konrad was responsible for this project (at that time - head of the department with the press with the press) and the Alphonse Lönaberg engineer.
Alphonse Lönavenberg installed on a 1.6-liter Golf motor two-chamber WEBER carburetor, conducted a sports system of exhaust and reduced the road clearance. Of course, under such conditions, comfort for the driver and passenger in the car fell almost to zero. Freshing on this car on Volkswagen car in Era-Lessen, Lövenberg asked to get behind the wheel head of the Ernst Phial research department. "Phials growled almost the same loud as a sports exhaust of my children," Lövenberg recalls. And today, after 30 years, these memories are caused by Ernst laughter. "Nothing good! "- Such a sentence made a car of Phila. It seemed that the project was doomed to failure. "We needed to change the strategy," Konrad told in 2011.
For reference: What does gti mean?
GTI - Grand Turismo Injection, GTI - initially experimental golf modification. There was meant "granturizmo, injector". Then in the distant 70s, the engines were mainly carburetor. Injector was a revolutionary solution, and certainly was the pride of his creators and cost to decorate the letter i. The body of the sports car Volkswagen GTI, which also does not leave the true connoisseurs indifferent.
To do this, in 1974 invited the head of the Design Bureau and the head of the GOLF project Herman Gablisel, chapter of the Testa car test department of Herbert Schuster, head of the interior design department of Yurgen Adler, Horasta-Dieter Schvitlinski from the Marketing and Alphonse Lövenberg Department. Konrad gave himself a report that "the conversation about the project is to withdraw for the wall of the enterprise." And the most suitable place for this was his apartment ...
"Well, of course! - Someone will say. - History, continued, as usual, for beer and German sausages! ". "In fact, my wife baked a cake," said Conrad.
The "Sports Golf" project began to gain clearer features. The gathered for the first time formulated a clear goal: it should be a sports, comfortable, suitable for everyday operation of a car, and not a frightening racing car. At first, it was supposed to release a trial batch of 5000 copies.
As the basis of the GTI, the two-door base model GOLF was taken, the chassis of which was adapted to the increased mass of the engine. Herbert Schuster recalls: "The front suspension received a stabilizer, sports enlarged brake calipers and ventilated brake discs. We rooted on 20 millimeters of the spring and the corresponding shock absorbers lowered Golf to give the future GTI stability, especially in the critical range, and made it more comfortable at high speeds. " GTI sports seats provided the famous Recaro company, and the sports steering wheel got from the recently released "relative" - \u200b\u200bScirocco TS.
Appearance
GTI GTI RUN
Different modifications were produced: Cabrio, Edidtion 30 (in honor of the 30th anniversary of the GTI) Edition 35 (D Honor of the 35-year anniversary). But this is the topic for a separate article.
GTI is not only drive
Now GTI is not just 3 letters, and not just a car. And this is a whole cult that combines people around the world. As a rule, car owners keep a mansion from owners of ordinary GTI, creating separate GTI clubs.
In general, they say (and the owners of the GTI confirm this) that the GTI owners are very selfish people and are very zealous to their cars, especially do not like to give someone to his car, although they can be understood - those who want to eliminate them. Moreover, there is even such a thing as ....
CRISPIN PORTER + BOGUSKY Agency specifically created a VW Fast talisman, "Monster in black", something average between Pokemon, people-in-black and alien demon.
A fantastic creature demonstrates the forms of the FAST format in the roller-screensaver of the promotional site, performs the talisman of dashing drivers (rollers), and also pleases the children (toys)
Look at the roller in which it is shown how VW Fast awakens in the driver's most selfish features of the owner of the GTI
GTI does not become, they are born.
GTI like no other car, combines car owners on tuning these, already standing out of car flow. In addition to the body kit, some owners change the issue system, running, "chip" engines to almost 300 hp
Some owners of ordinary golfists spend considerable amounts so that their car also looked like this city "car". But, as a rule, besides the interior and exterior significantly change something difficult.
On the "sweet" - my favorite advertisement Volkswagen Golf GTI
Personally, I love this car very much ... I will be glad to read and your feedback about this hot hatche!
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The concept of Gran Turismo for the first time arose long before the invention of the car. In England, in the XVII-XVII centuries, long-term travels for different cities and countries of Europe practiced members of rich families. Such a journey played an important role in the process of obtaining education with young people, and it was called Grand Tour. The end point of the journey was Rome. Due to the fairly low speeds of movement, such trips lasted for several years, and, accordingly, luxury and comfort accompanied the rich and influential siblings throughout the path. When in the 20th century, quickly, expensive cars The term GT (Gran Turismo) did not only have found, but also took a worthy place in the automotive industry. Today, Gran Turismo, on a par with a GT abbreviation, is familiar with everyone and everyone. Translated from Italian Gran Turismo means "long-round trip". However, in our time, GT is a car class, more than just phrase in Italian.
GT abbreviation machines in the title are the most powerful, high-speed and comfortable car manufacturers. Traditionally, the GT index receives two or four-seater sports compartment with front-engine or medium-engine layout, as well as rear-wheel drive. Such cars are designed for good roads and long-distance, long journeys, in addition, the Gran Turismo class machine feels confidently on the high-speed track. The founders of the modern GT class are traditionally considered automotive companies like Alfa Romeo, Ferrari and Lancia. Cars with a signboard of one of these companies, more often than others, were the work of the Gran Turismo class. Bright confirmation of this - Lancia Aurelia B20 GT 1951. That is what car, among the first, it was assigned to the popular GT class. In the 50s of the last century, competitions in the Gran Turismo class appeared for the first time. After a long break, the GT car racing was resumed at the end of the nineties. Then the models were attended by legendary, such as Ferrari F40 and McLaren F1.
Nowadays, GT Class Competitions are rightfully considered not only one of the most spectacular, but also expensive types of automotive sports. For comparison, the FIA \u200b\u200bGT championship is mainly carried out on the same annular racing tracks as the Formula 1. The GT car can be found both in long distances races and in racing races "on the strength of the car". Highway and ring races "24 Hours of Le Man", the "Mille Miglia" and "Carrera Panamericana" and the car race "Targa Florio" - this is not a complete list of world events of the autoinductory, where you can find cars of different manufacturers of the GT class manufacturers. The difference between the racing of car class GT from Formula 1 is the difference in the size of the crew. If in the formula of 1 one pilot, then in automotive racing class GT crew consists of two to four people. The specific number of pilots is determined by the duration and complexity of the race. After all, sometimes the GT class race lasts up to 24 hours, and it is in such races that racers periodically replace each other. In annular races, Gran Turismo (GT) cars are usually divided into two categories: GT1 (GT) and GT2 (N-GT).
Category GT1 is the class of "purebred" supercars, as well as cars that are built specifically for racing such such as McLaren F1. The power of such a car in some cases reaches 600 - 650 hp This category includes such disadvantageous cars such as Maserati MC12, Ferrari 575, Saleen S7 (by the way, this car has been made specifically for annular races, in connection with only 25 pieces), Dodge Viper GTS-R, Lamborghini Murcielago and others . GT2 (N-GT) Categories (N-GT) can not boast of characteristics, in essence they are closer to their road versions than GT1 (GT) cars. This category includes: Porsche 911 and Ferrari 360 Modena.
Competitions with LMP sports prototypes (Le Mans Prototypes) - quite frequent phenomenon for GT cars. Machines participating in such arrows are one or double cars with closed wheels and closed or open cockpit. In addition, there are many different restrictions and requirements for the shape of the body, the engine, elements of aerodynamics, wheels - in one word, almost all parts of such machines. Sport prototypes in turn are divided into two subclasses: P1 and P2. The main difference between these subclasses is the difference in the weight of the car and the engine working volume. For example, Audi R10 and BMW GC1 are bright examples of sports prototypes with traditionally German roots.
Traditionally, the modern automotive market distinguish several main types of GT cars. At the same time, most of them are familiar to many ordinary orders, because these indices can often be found in the name of modern cars.
The GTI index (from the Italian "Gran Turismo Iniezione") - means that the car is equipped with an injection, for the first time such an index appeared on Maserati 3500 GTI 1961. However, the first GTI type car, which was produced serially, became Volkswagen Golf GTI 1975. GTE or GT / E is a German analogue of the GTI index. The car of this type was first embodied in the body of the German Opel Manta GT / E. The GTO index, which in the original sounds like Gran Turismo Omologato, indicates: "Car allowed to races", i.e. Auto suitable for technical specifications to participate in GT class races. GTO car type is widespread from car manufacturers like Ferrari and Mitsubishi. In turn, the lightweight car class GT will have the GTA index (from the Italian Gran Turismo Alleggerita) in its name. And GTAM is an abbreviation of a modified lightweight GT class car. Abbreviation GTV (Gran Turismo Veloce) is used to designate the forced GT cars. A vivid example of such a car is Alfa Romeo GTV6 - a model produced from 1980 to 1986, with a 2,5 liter engine working capacity and a maximum speed of 205 km / h.
Almost any modern eminent automotive company has in its model range cars class GT or accompanying type GTI, GTA, GTV and others. For example, Aston Martin to the GT class includes models with nameplates: DB4, DB5, DB6, V8, DB7, DB9 and Aston Martin V12 Vanquish. Also, cars with German roots are presented quite widely in the GT segment, in particular: BMW 6 series, BMW 8 series, Mercedes SL, Mercedes SLR McLaren, as well as Porsche 928. Practically the entire range of luxury-sports Maserati is Cars of class Gran Turismo: Maserati Granturismo, Maserati Mistral, Maserati Ghibli. Bentley Continental GT, Cadillac V-series, Ferrari Daytona, Ferrari 599 GTB, Ferrari 612 Scaglietti, Jaguar XJS, Jaguar XK, Lexus SC, and Mitsubishi GTO complement the family with the loud name Gran Turismo.
Today, the car class Gran Turismo is not only a pass to the world of high speeds and sports tracks, but also into the world of luxury, comfort and general respect.
