And so, many devices for the car are made on a microcontroller, hereinafter (MK). Let's see what MK is. In fact, this is a computer in one microcircuit, it has its own memory, including non-volatile memory, its own command processor and input / output ports for communicating with the outside world (there should be a terminator theme here). I present to your attention the one-button engine management system - START-STOPEngine.
Many similar schemes have been described, but they all have their drawbacks, either very cumbersome with relays (there are about 8 of them), or very primitive in functionality, or very dubious, connected to an oil pressure lamp or a battery charge lamp.
Let's take a look at the requirements for these devices. Firstly, the system must be completely autonomous, that is, it must not depend on belt sensors, etc. This means that the control of disconnecting the starter from the oil lamp or charging the battery immediately disappears. What remains? Let's count the revolutions of XX. Perhaps this is what is always present in the car, if not, then you cannot start it with a key, and with this it is only to a car service. XX turnovers can be removed in modern cars on the OBDII connector, in the older ones, directly from the tachometer or injector, and finally in the autogas from low voltage on the ignition coil. The next criterion, there must be a fault tolerance of the system. This is the main thing, because we will control through electromagnetic relays, and if the latter, God forbid, burns out or refuses at the railway crossing or when overtaking on the highway, irreparable will happen !!! Therefore, it is imperative that we include a redundant relay in our circuit along the IGN line and not just stupidly turn it on in parallel with the main one, it will turn on for us only when the main relay fails. And of course there should be some bonuses, it was not difficult to do, but they are quite pleasant. There is a DRL control relay, it turns on the DRL as soon as the engine starts and turns off after it stops. The second bonus is remote start engine, it is possible from an alarm or from a mobile phone. It is enough to give 0 to the MK output.
For a full view, click on the diagram.
Work algorithm:
Pressing the START-STOPEngine button without depressed clutch pedal results in switching between modes 0 → ACC → IGN. Moreover, if more than 10 seconds have passed between switching ACC → IGN, then instead of the IGN mode, everything will turn off. Why is it done. If you turned on the radio tape recorder to listen to music, but you are not going to go anywhere. You would have to turn on the ignition (IGN) first and then turn everything out. This feature will save you unnecessary pressing.
Manual start mode. We squeeze the clutch pedal, the button should light up green, or if your IGN line relay is working in red. Press and hold the START-STOPEngine button until you start the engine. Remember that in the manual mode there is no control of the XX revolutions and the system works in key emulation, that is, the starter motor can be twisted.
Automatic startup mode. Do everything the same as in manual mode, but instead of holding, briefly press and release the START-STOPEngine button, the system will rotate the starter until the car starts, but no more than 10 seconds. In case of failure, everything will turn off and you can try again.
REMEMBER that in whatever mode you start the car, the clutch pedal must be depressed until the end of the engine start operation !!!
For diesel cars, both in manual and automatic modes Glow plug control is provided, so the starter will not turn on until the glow plug indicator light on the dashboard goes out.
You can start the car from any mode (0, ACC, IGN) !!!
Remote start. In order to start the car remotely, you need to stop it as follows. The engine is running, put the car on hand brake, release the clutch pedal, press the START-STOPEngine button, the engine will stall, get out of the car and put it on the alarm. Now the car can be started from the remote control. The system will make 3 attempts to start the engine, if they are unsuccessful, then you will not start remotely, only after starting from the button it will be possible to do it. With a successful start, the engine will run for 10 minutes or until you remove the car from the alarm and press the START-STOPEngine button. If an intruder sneaks into the passenger compartment, then when you press the clutch pedal or remove the car from the parking brake, it will stall.
Clearing IGN line error. If the IGN line relay is out of order, replace it, and then on the switched off machine with the “lock key in position 0” devices turned off, press and hold the START-STOPEngine button until it flashes red and all the devices go out again. Then the error will be reset from the non-volatile memory of the microcontroller.
The principle of determining the operation of the engine is simple, if, for at least 1 second and not more than 10 seconds, the XX revolutions have risen above 600 rpm, consider the engine running. Why not less than 1 second, practice has shown that a lot of "garbage" just happens at the first revs of the starter. Why? Yes, I have no idea, but this condition really saved you from such a mess as the turn of the starter - and everything goes out, because the system thinks that the required frequency has been reached, but in fact, figs to you.
Attention! The firmware is paid, and then do not ask stupid questions to the site administrator in the comments.
You can download the demo firmware, it is fully functional, only there is a limitation of about 40 clicks, this is enough for a complete diagnostics for performance.
Introduction
The Forex / Forex market is a highly profitable and high-risk means of deriving profit from trades at exchange rates. The tools used to work in the Forex market largely determine the result of foreign exchange trading by Forex market participants who are clients of brokers. Each Forex broker offers its own trading terminal, however, most brokers and traders of the Forex market agree today in their choice of terminals MetaTrader 4 and MetaTrader 5. The ForexMoney Forum was created for those who choose a terminal of the MetaTrader family in their Forex trading, as well as the platform of binary options brokers.
Trade discussion
Forex market forecasts, independent opinions of foreign exchange market experts - you will find all this in. Experience of working on Forex is encouraged, however, entry and the right to participate in discussions are not prohibited for everyone, including novice traders. Exchange of views on currency movements, demonstration of your own trading, keeping traders' diaries, developing Forex strategies, mutual assistance is the main goal of communication in the Forex forum dedicated to trading.
Communication with brokers and traders (about brokers)
If you have any negative or positive experience with a Forex broker, please share it in the dedicated quality issues brokerage services... You can leave a review about your broker, telling about the advantages or disadvantages of trading through it. The totality of traders' reviews about brokers is a kind of rating of Forex brokers. In this rating, you can see the leaders and outsiders of the Forex trading services market.
Software for traders, trade automation
We invite traders involved in trading automation, creating forex robots to the section where you can ask any question about the MetaTrader trading platforms, publish your best practices, or take ready-made recommendations for trading automation.
Free communication at the ForexMoney Forum
Do you want to relax? Or do you not yet have the necessary qualifications to communicate in the trading sections? Then the Forex forum for. Of course, communication on topics close to the Forex market is not prohibited. Here you will find anecdotes about traders, cartoons on economic topics and a full-fledged off-top.
Bonuses for communication on the ForexMoney Forum
The ForexMoney Traders Forum was created by traders for traders, and is not intended to make a profit. However, communication on the Forex forum gives that can be used in Forex trading with one of the partners of the forum. Bonuses are gifts that reward professional Forex traders for the time spent on our forum, and will allow novice traders to try forex trading on a real account without investing their own funds.
Thank you for choosing the ForexMoney Forum as a place of communication!
Button to start the engine- an innovation in your daily use of the car. More and more modern cars get rid of the old engine starting system with the ignition key. In this article, we will find out what the Start Engine button hides behind itself.Why alter the start of the engine from the key to the button at all?
Some people like the process itself (sat down, pressed the button and drove off), others the button adds +5 to the coolness :), and some want to reduce the gentleman's set, which must be taken with them to the car, minimizing it to one alarm key fob.
However, you may still need the ignition key when the door locks freeze after washing in winter.
How to start the engine through the button?
I will make a reservation right away that there are a lot of options (schemes) for installing a button to start the engine. There are many of them because there are many nuances:
About the ignition key:
- The key to start the engine through the button is used (insert the key, turn it - the ignition turns on, press the button - the engine starts)
- The key to start the engine through the button is not used (sat down - pressed the button - the engine started)
- Button for starting the internal combustion engine you need to press and hold (the starter turns while the button is pressed)
- The button to start the internal combustion engine must be briefly pressed (pressed the button and released it - the starter itself spins for a certain time until the engine starts)
- Through the button, you can separately turn on the ignition (pressed the button - the ignition turned on, pressed the button and the brake pedal - started the engine)
- You cannot turn on the ignition separately through the button (the ignition is turned on together with the starter)
I will try to show the main points of connecting the Start / Stop Engine button, from the simplest to the most complex.
A simple scheme for starting the engine by a button an ordinary motorist who is not strong in an electrician will also collect.
To make a complex circuit with start delay, timer, etc. It will take the experience of an electrician and a lot of relays, which makes the design not entirely correct. Complex algorithms of work, it is better, of course, to collect on a microcontroller, but first things first:
Engine start button (with ignition key)
When assembling any of the diagrams below, you must use wires with the same cross-section that is used in the ignition switch. Do not forget that the VAZ is a simple car, therefore, the solution to the issue should be as simple as possible.
This way to make a button to start the engine with your own hands is, in my opinion, the easiest.
Work algorithm:
- The button does not work without a key
- The key must be inserted and turned to position 1.
- Press the button (hold) until the engine starts (the button is momentary).
- Turn the key to position 0 and turn off the engine.
The button does not work when the engine is running, that is, the starter does not spin, but starts working after the engine is turned off and the ignition is turned on with the key.
In simpler language:
We take the ignition relay from the VAZ 2109 with a block of wires. (4 wires in total, 2 high-current circuit (yellow contacts on the relay itself) and 2 low-current circuit (white contacts).
We throw one of the wires of the high-current circuit to contact 15 of the ignition switch, and the second to contact 30 of the same lock (in general, one is pink, and the second is red).
We throw one of the wires of the low-current circuit on the "-" ground, and the second on the green wire on it, "+" appears when the ignition is turned on (done so that the starter does not work without a key by pressing the button) and we interrupt the wire from the relay to the green wire with our button !
Video of starting the motor with a button (the button must be held):
The disadvantage of the scheme and at the same time an undoubted plus is its simplicity (the simpler - the more reliable :)).
Another example of starting an internal combustion engine through a button on a VAZ 2110-12:
Disadvantage of the 2nd scheme: a slight delay in turning off the starter after starting the engine (if the relay is turned off not on a command from the generator, but from the signal wire of the injector unit, which gives this delay).
Whether this affects the durability of the starter is unknown.
Button to start the engine (with relay ZPTF)
Unlike the previous method, in this scheme, you can get rid of the ignition key.The circuit uses the ZPTF relay(rear relay fog lights), which is sometimes difficult to find on sale (numbers 21.3777 and 22.3777). Relay 2114-3747610 is not suitable.
Therefore, the ZPTF relay can be assembled independently. 
You need a thick wire with a terminal connected to the pink one.
Yes, and there are also thin wires: we insulate the red and blue with a strip, and we throw the gray one for ignition or connect it to the red one, otherwise the BSK will not work.
Any diode will do.
It is convenient to connect the backlight of the button and the power of the relay not to the battery, but to the alarm: disarmed - the engine start button lights up, that is, you can start.
Work algorithm:
- We disarm the car - on contact 1 of the ZPTF relay and the button appears + 12V (the button illumination comes on)
- Press and hold the button - the ZPTF relay, ignition relay and starter relay turn on, the indicator in the button lights up and the starter turns (momentary button). That is, both the ignition and the starter are turned on at the same time.
- After starting the engine, release the button - the starter relay is turned off, and the ignition remains on.
- Arrived at the place, pressed the button - the engine stalled.
- Installed on the alarm - 12V was gone and the button went out.
If the engine has stalled, then press the button - the ignition will turn off, press the button a second time - the engine will start.
The entire assembly of the circuit and installation in the car took about 5 hours. (with a trip to the store for details.
The price of parts is about 400 rubles.
Video of starting the motor by a button (method 2)
Method 3:
The circuit is based on the ZPTF and EPHH relays:
Work algorithm:
- The car is on the handbrake, press the button and release - the standard circuit turns on (circuit with ZPTF) and energizes the ignition relay, as well as the EPHH unit. Also, 2 relays K1 and K2 are switched on, which stand on self-locking due to relay K1. K2 turns on the starter relay (since the handbrake is raised).
- The starter starts to rotate and as soon as the speed rises to 1100-1200 relays K1 and K2 are switched off and then not switched on. The starter is disconnected.
- We remove from the parking brake and go. (the starter does not turn on while the handbrake is lowered).
- We arrived - we do not touch the handbrake, but simply press the button and everything turns off (Relays K1 and K2 do not turn on, because the unit is disabled by weight with the handbrake, plus it is de-energized by the ZPTF relay). After we raise the handbrake.
- If you just need to turn on the ignition, then release the handbrake, it turns off the EPCH unit by weight and the starter relay. Press the button and the ignition turns on without a starter (of course, in this case, relays K1 and K2 can turn on by taking a plus from the EPHH Unit, but the starter will not turn on, since the handbrake is released).
Refinement of EPHH (reduction of revolutions):
We disassemble the EPHH and replace the capacitance with 0.2μF (200nF), then the cutoff speed of the starter will not be 1600, but already in the region of 900-1000.
So that the relay does not crack at the start, you need to solder a capacitor of any capacity (0.15 μF, 0.47 μF) in parallel with the power supply of the EPHH (preferably in the block). Thus, this capacitor will provide stability in the operation of the EPHH unit.
Disadvantage of the scheme with EPHC: there are EPHHs that cannot be modified (there are no capacitors inside), also in this circuit, to start the motor, the button must be pressed and held for 1-1.5 seconds (so that all relays have time to turn on).
Video of starting the engine with a button (using ZPTF and EPHH)
Delayed relay
Those who want to modify their circuit and add a delay to it between turning on the ignition and starting the starter can use a relay with a delay (the delay time can be changed with the R parameters)
The scheme of starting the engine from the button on the microcontroller
The easiest and most competent way to start the engine from a button on the microcontroller, but since the circuit needs to be flashed, then you cannot do without an electronics engineer.Assemble the board (size about 3x4cm) and flash it. Then you install, for example, in a free compartment on-board computer STATE.
The connection can be made via the RJ-45 connector.
At the input, a "+" signal is given (in the diagram - Brake and Oil), but it is better to connect to the charging indicator, because the pressure light may go out even before the engine is fully started. Input Brake is a condition under which the starter is engaged. Those. simply pressing the button turns on the ignition, and pressing the button together with the brake pedal starts the engine.
Output 2 signals (starter and ignition). The circuit does not need to be connected directly to the starter and ignition terminals, but it is necessary to bump into the wiring through 4-contact relays.
Current consumption:
- idle - 10mA
- when the ignition is on - 50mA
- when the starter is turned on - 80mA
- Touch the sensor on the button - the ignition is turned on.
- We touched the sensor on the button when the brake pedal is pressed for more than 3 seconds, then the ignition is turned on and after 4 seconds the starter starts
- If the engine does not start and there is no signal at the "Oil" input, then the ignition is turned off.
- To start in winter, simply hold the sensor to scroll the motor, the scrolling time is limited by the holding time of the sensor, again, if the engine does not start after the sensor is released, the ignition will turn off.
The button is an ordinary textolite, the surface of which is processed with solder through a stencil. At the expense of LEDs. they are connected like this
Video of the Start Engine button built on the microcontroller:
Download controller firmware.
Protected engine start button
In order not to simplify the work of the hijackers after installing the Start Engine button, you can carry out a number of actions that will make it difficult to steal a car (although who needs an old TAZ in our time, and who needs to be carried away in their arms :))You can start with the most primitive anti-theft protection - secrets. The connectors and relays that are responsible for starting the engine can be deeply hidden in the dashboard. The wires must be chosen in the same color as the standard wiring and they must also be routed along with them, etc.
Who wants to get confused, can install a combination lock for ignition with a keyboard and change the code :)
Or, instead of the ignition key, you can make access to the start through the Controller (for example, TMK-1990A-M100).
You can make it so that the Start / Stop button will only work when a security key is inserted (like a USB token). 
All for an amateur, so choose yourself what suits you best.
Video: Protective key for starting the engine with a button
Installing the universal engine start button
How you could assemble and connect a circuit for starting the engine from a button is not an easy matter, especially when you want everything to be like that of foreign cars.Therefore, the market offers ready-made options for buttons to start the engine.- a set of start / stop buttons of the engine together with a protection unit.
These kits are universal and the difference will be only in some connection nuances.
To explain more clearly, you can compare this kit with an alarm kit.
An example of installation on a VAZ 2114 (the ignition locks are the same as for the VAZ 2110):
This set cost the author 10 thousand rubles. together with delivery.
Features of universal kits:
- Turns the starter until it starts (no more than 5 seconds - programmable)
- The immobilizer works perfectly with such a system (an immobilizer bypass block is supplied, if desired)
- There will be no steering lock.
- You can turn on the ignition separately and the starter separately, depending on your needs (for example, via a pedal). You can start the car with one touch without unnecessary movements, or you can also (but in two touches) just turn on the ignition.
- You do not need to flash anything. The button has a control unit, which is responsible for such things.
Buy Start Engine Button can be in
