Aviamodelists have not yet paid attention to a very promising engine operating on the liquefied gas C02. But simplicity of manufacture and operation make it much more affordable than compression and kalil engines. In addition, it does not pollute the air and sinks in the work. With this engine (Fig. 1), various airmodils weighing up to 100 g. From one tank siphon can be filmed (Fig. 2) twice.
Engine operating volume 0.27 cm 3. With an air screw Ø 180 mm, it develops 1900-2100 rpm. The duration of the flight is 45-50 s.
Let us dwell on the technology of manufacturing the most complex and responsible engine parts.
Carter dust out from duralumin D16T on the lathe with the subsequent mechanical processing of the outer surfaces. M9x0.8 threads on the machine. The hole for the shaft is drilled and process the Ø 4 mm tweak.
The cylinder is easier to make from a round rod stainless steel Ø 15 mm on the lathe. Cut the thread on the turning and screw machine from one installation.
The inner diameter of the cylinder after boring with the cast of the cast-iron feed is brought to the size specified in the drawing.
Crankshafts Make on the turning machine of steel 45. From one installation, a hole is drilled under the thread # 2.5 and cut it. Shaft necks are brought to Ø 4 mm using emery paper No. 00 and subsequent wrecking paste gay in the crankcase.
Fig. 1. Engine on CO 2:
1- Tube, 2 - Spring Case, 3 - Spring, 4 - Ball Ø 4, 5 - Gasket, 6 - Nut Picker, 7 - Finger Piston, 8 - Shatun, 9 - Stubborn Washer, 10 - Cone, 11- - Bolt, 12 - crankshaft, 13 - Finger Krivoship, 14 - Carter, 15 - Piston, 16 - rod, 17 - cylinder, 18 - Cylinder cover, 19 - cylinder head.
Then mark, drill on the drill machine and cut the thread M2 hole for the finger of the crank. Finger to dust out of steel 45 or silver. Its surface is polished by sandpaper, then cut the M2 thread.
Cylinder heads make from duralumin D16T. Internal threads cut on a turning and rope machine.
The connecting rod pull out on the lathe of Duralumin D16t on the lathe. Top heads first make spherical, then the file is stripped part of the sphere. Slide the centers of holes under the piston finger and crank and drill them on the drill machine.
The spring used in the engine head is taken from a small tank spray. For those who fail to get it, we will report the parameters: wire Ø0.8 mm, the diameter of the spring is 4 mm, length is 7-8 mm.
Spring Dlves of the refueling valve (Fig. 3) is made of HPS wire Ø 0.4 mm. It has an outer Ø 4 mm and a length of 10 mm.
In the refueling device, the spring is the same as in the engine cylinder. For gas mains, a stainless steel tube Ø 1.5-2 mm is needed.
The order of assembly. In the opening of the bottom of the piston with a light blow hammer Press the rod. Insert the piston finger and connecting rod. From the sides of the hole, make a seat to prevent your finger. Then, slightly smearing the neck of the shaft, insert it into the crankcase. The shaft should be easily rotated. Through the top neck of the Carter, lower the connecting rod. Align the head hole with a hole on the shaft, insert the finger of the crank and tighten it until it stops. Make sure the connecting rod to the freedom of moving by 0.4 mm on the finger.
Then, the gas pipeline is then soldered to the spring housing and assemble the valve assembly according to the assembly drawing. Collect also the rest of the nodes. Over the engine head, start the gas pipeline in the form of a spiral Ø 25 mm. It is necessary for the full evaporation of liquid gas in the gas pipeline. Updated and raising the cylinder, achieve the desired gas intake phase in the epipment of the engine depends on this depends the clarity of the engine.
The cannon is inserted into the refueling device (Fig. 4) with a clamping sleeve from the siphon.
The air screw (Fig. 5) from the Linden.
V. Ülokionov, Head of the Aviabructure Laboratory Cruce, Barnaul
Noticed a mistake? Highlight it and click Ctrl + Enter. To let us know.
Since petroleum products are constantly growing in price (because oil is in effect), the desire for saving on a stirmer is quite understandable, and mini-engine Could be a good solution.
How much is the mini-engine internal combustion?
As you know, the internal combustion engine is divided into gasoline and diesel, and both the first and the second today undergo significant changes. The cause of modernization, both the mechanisms and fuel itself, is a significantly deteriorating ecology, the state of which is also affected by exhaust techniques operating on a liquid combustion. So, for example, eco-gasoline appeared, diluted with alcohol in proportion from 8: 2 to 2: 8, that is, alcohol in such a fuel can be contained from 20 to 80 percent. But at this modernization and ended. Decrease Trend gasoline engines The volume is practically not observed. The smallest samples are installed in aircode, larger are used on lawn mile, boat engines, snowmobile, scooters and other similar kind of technique.
As for, today it is really done a lot to ensure that this engine becomes truly microscopic. Currently concern Toyota. Created the smallest microllers Corolla II, Corsa and TercelDiesel engines installed in them 1N. and 1NT The volume is only 1.5 liters. One problem - the service life of such mechanisms is extremely low, and the reason for this is a very fast development of the resource of the cylinder-piston group. There are completely tiny diesel engine, the volume of only 0.21 liters. They are installed on a compact motorcycle and construction mechanismsBut the power is not expected to be big, the maximum that they give out - 3.25 hp However, the fuel consumption of such models is small, what the volume says fuel tank - 2.5 liters.
How effective is the smallest internal combustion engine?
The usual OKS, the action of which is based on the reciprocal movement of the piston, loses its performance as the working volume decreases. It's all about a significant loss of efficiency when transforming this very movement of the CPG into the rotational, so necessary for the wheels. However, before the Second World War, the self-taught mechanic Felix Henry Vankel created the first acting sample of rotary-piston engine, in which all nodes are only rotating. It is logical that this design, a very reminiscent electromotor, reduces the number of parts by 40%, compared with standard engines.
Despite the fact that all problems have not been solved until today this mechanism, service life, efficiency and environmental friendliness meets established international standards. Performance exceeds all imaginable limits. Rotary-piston DVS with a working volume of 1.3 liters allows you to develop power in 220 horse power . Installing the turbocharger increases this indicator to 350 hp, which is very significant. Well, and the most little Engine internal combustion From the series "Vankels", known under the brand OSMG 1400., has a volume of only 0.005 liters, however, it issues a power of 1.27 hp. With its own weight 335 grams.
The main advantage rotary-piston engines - Lack of noise accompanying the operation of the mechanisms, due to the low mass of the working nodes and the exact balance of the shaft.
The smallest diesel engine as a source of energy
If we talk about full, today the most small sizes have the brainchild engineer Yesus Wilder. This is a 12-cylinder V-shaped engine, fully appropriate Ferrar.i I. Lamborghini.. However, in fact, the mechanism is a useless trinket, because it works not on liquid fuel, but on compressed airAnd with a working volume in 12 cubic centimeters has a very low efficiency.
Another thing is the smallest diesel enginedeveloped by UK scientists. True, it takes no separation for him as a fuel, and a special self-turning mixture with hydrogen methanol with hydrogen increases. With the clock movement of the piston in the combustion chamber, the volume of which does not exceed one cubic millimeter, an outbreak occurs, which leads the mechanism into action. What is curious, microscopic sizes managed to achieve by installing flat parts, in particular, the same pistons are ultra-thin plates. Already today in DVS with dimensions 5x15x3 millimeters, a tiny shaft rotates at a speed of 50,000 rpm, as a result of which the power of about 11.2 watts produces.
While before scientists have a number of problems that need to be solved before producing diesel mini-motors on the stream. In particular, these are colossal heat loss due to the extremely thin walls of the combustion chamber and the short-life of materials when exposed to high temperatures. However, when still tiny DVS will come off the conveyor, just a few grams of fuel are enough to force the mechanism in the efficiency of 10% operate 20 times longer and more efficient accumulators same sizes.
The parameters of batteries for consumer electronics are constantly improving, but there are few consumers. Come on, they say, the revolution, we want to work on our laptops a whole day without recharging. Scientists give the original response to these requirements - create an internal engine for a computer.
Industrial University Research Organization "Center of Sensors and Actuator in Berkeley" (Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center), University of California, Berkeley, Darpa Pentagon Research Agency and a number of US companies work on a curious project - Vankel engines in size in Considered millimeters.
Manages Mems Rotary Engine Power System Professor Albert Pisano (Albert P. Pisano) from University of California.
A variety of rotor-piston DVS has already been built with a rotor diameter in total in a dozen-different millimeters and even one or three millimeters with output power, respectively, 4-100 watts and 0.026-0.03 watts.
What kind of "car" researchers intend to move into motion by these micro-ists? It is time to clarify that MEMS in the name of the program means "micro-electro-mechanical systems".
These unusual vaccines are designed to twist generators and give a current for electronic devices, various sensors (including those running "in the field" with military, let's say, goals), laptops, cell phones, microbots and similar electronic devices.
And this rotor and at all has a diameter of 3 millimeters (photos from Me.berkeley.edu).
It would seem that the garden is to be rided with an internal combustion parts?
There are also beautiful lithium-ion batteries, the improvement of which still, notice, continues.
According to Professor Pisano, there is reasonable. Microscopic veskels have an energy density of about 2300 watt-hours per kilogram (in case of using liquid hydrogen, as fuel, and taking into account the efficiency of the engine 20%), which is 7 times more than in lithium batteries and once in 14 than alkaline batteries .
The ultimate goal is to create miniature devices in dimensions and design of familiar batteries (for cell phones, for example), including fuel supply, and internal combustion and generator.
Considered at the same time model under different types Fuel (hydrogen, hydrocarbons, alcohols).
Misseling of 1 mm rotors and enclosures For them, the experimenters "print" like pies - from a single workpiece (photos from Me.berkeley.edu).
Interestingly, for the smallest engines, the researchers have provided an original way mass production Rotors and silicon enclosures, the method, something similar to the production of microcircuits.
The study started a few years ago, gave rise to a lot of subprojects.
A number of organizations are engaged in creating the best technologies, materials and devices for forming fuel mixes, Her ignition in such miniature engine, integrating the generator directly to the rotor and other similar tasks.
The persistence of researchers can be envied. But supporters of the idea of \u200b\u200bmicroscopic DVS opposes another strong camp - the creators of fuel cells.
The "rotary" battery scheme (illustration from Darpa.mil).
Miniaturization and raising technical characteristics The latter goes in full swing. Suggested both options for hydrogen and installations, as part of which there is a reformer that transforms the initial fuel to hydrogen - most often alcohol.
Here, for example, the Japanese company Casio in 2002 created superminature fuel cells for laptops and cameras on dimensions and connecting parts exactly corresponding to standard batteries.
Elements are supplemented with superminature reforms producing hydrogen from methanol.
According to the statements of the company, these elements are lighter than analogues in terms of lithium-ion batteries with significantly greater tank: A typical laptop will work on them for 16-20 hours.
Casio intended to launch his fuel elements in 2004. So far quiet.
Fuel elements From Casio, made in the form of batteries for laptops and cameras (photos from world.casio.com).
There were some more similar projects from other companies (and the deadlines for the start of sales were also called somewhere in 2004), but something is also not heard about their mass distribution. And about miniature vannels of fresh and encouraging (in the sense of introduction) of news, alas, no.
Need to buy model of internal combustion engine? A large selection of motor-affordable motors is presented on the "Time Machine" website. Guaranteed high quality, Delivery service, many payment methods, including an order on credit, - our conditions will arrange any buyer!
Owners radio-controlled cars or aircraft with a motor sooner or later faced with the problem of buying spare parts. Such a serious technique needs timely leaving. It happens, you need to change the engine or a separate spare part to it. But it is not always easy to find it, and the price is often "biting." We will help with the solution of this issue. Our specialists are ready not only to find the right goods, but also to repair.
The catalog contains motors and spare parts for them. We can find a 3D model of an internal combustion engine:
- for a car,
- helicopter
- plane.
To search for less time, use the selection system with filters and sorting. And you can simply call or write to consultants and voice your wishes.
Eight reasons to order an internal combustion engine
- Attractive value.
- Large assortment: Motors for different models, clutch bells, rods and much more.
- Free courier services when ordering from 7000 rubles.
- Departure of the goods to your city or pickup.
- Profitable terms For wholesale buyers.
- Warranty of the quality of branded motors.
- Help specialists and convenient independent search in the illustrated directory.
- Quick service at all stages.
If you need to buy an internal combustion engine model, get acquainted with the assortment of the "Time Machine" directory. We will definitely find what you are looking for! Choose a suitable product and make a purchase online.
