Motor oils for yamz diesel engines. Diesel engines for trucks and tractors

The Yaroslavl Motor Plant has been a leader in the formation of the necessary requirements for motor oils among domestic manufacturers of automotive diesel engines for more than 60 years.

1940 was marked by the launch of the YaAZ-204 engine, and it was then that a completely new product had to be launched on the market, since trucks with a new YaAZ-204 engine, even with the best oils without additives, did not have time to run even 160 hours! They broke down after 100-150 hours of operation. Coking of the piston rings or complete loss of mobility - that is what was the engine stop. The sulfur contained in the fuel, as well as oxidation and polymerization products formed from the oil as a result of exposure to high temperatures, firmly coke the piston rings in the grooves.

It is worth understanding which oils form strong oil films and prevent piston ring coking, do not form gummy deposits, prevent the formation of deposits in the exhaust system, and also eliminate carbon deposits and have excellent anti-corrosion and anti-wear properties. For example, synthetic oils - they are perfectly adapted to new types of fuel and are environmentally friendly.

By the end of the 50s, the Yaroslavl Motor Plant produces two diesel engines YaMZ-236 and YaMZ-238. For these engines, oils with more effective additives were needed. Subsequently, each new release of YaMZ diesel engines necessitated an increase in the level of performance properties of engine oils used in these engines.

Today, YaMZ has a standard RD 37.319.034-97, which contains all the requirements for the physicochemical and operational properties of engine oils used on YaMZ engines. A similar standard establishes the procedure for admitting motor oils to YaMZ engines. For this document, complexes of test methods for motor oils, to which oils of various groups are subjected, are also additionally prescribed.

According to the classification of engine oils (API - American Petroleum Institute), four groups of YaMZ oils correspond to the following four classes:

Motor oil group YaMZ-1-97 with class CC for high performance engines operating in difficult conditions, naturally aspirated or with moderately aspirated.
Motor oil group YaMZ-2-97with class CD Is a group of oils designed for high-speed turbocharged diesel engines with maximum engine power. Engines of this type operate at high pressure and high speed, therefore they require enhanced anti-wear additives with anti-carbon properties.
Motor oil group YaMZ-3-02with class CF, complying with Euro-1 environmental requirements, is used in off-road vehicles, engines with split injection, as well as in engines running on fuels with a sulfur content of more than 0.5%. Class oils group CF replaces class oils CD.
Motor oil group YaMZ-4-02with class CG - 4 it is used on engines of high-speed diesel equipment operating on fuel with a sulfur content of less than 0.5%. This group of supercharged diesel engine oils complies with Euro-2 environmental requirements. Group oils CG-4replace oils CD, CE and CF-4 categories.

According to the Russian classification of motor oils GOST 17479.1-85 (by purpose and level of performance) used in cars, tractors, diesel locomotives, agricultural, marine, road and other equipment, the first three groups are equivalent to G2, D2 and E2.

According to GOST 17479.1-85, winter, summer and all-season oils are used on YaMZ engines, engine oil viscosity classes are 8, 10 and 5z / 10, 5z / 14, 6z / 14.

Winter oil corresponding to viscosity grade 8 is used in the ambient temperature range from -15 to + 10 ° C.

Summer oil of class 10 is used in the range of + 5 ... + 35 ° С; multigrade oils in the ranges -25 ... + 35, -25 ... + 40, -20 ... + 40 ° С, respectively.

The tests of the Yaroslavl Motor Plant for compliance with the YMZ-1-97 group of motor oils are being successfully passed by the domestic oil M-6z / 10V. It is distinguished by its versatility, as it is intended for all-season use in diesel and gasoline engines. Most often, it is used by owners of a mixed fleet of cars and a motor vehicle fleet.

Oils such as M-8DM and M-10DM, which are tested in accordance with GOST 8581-78, are used on turbocharged engines, and in naturally aspirated engines they can be used with a doubled changeover period. But usually M-8G2 and M-10G2 motor oils are used in naturally aspirated diesel engines.

Yaroslavl Motor Plant produces diesel engines with a power range from 110 to 588 kW. Diesel engines YMZ are installed on various trucks, road and construction equipment (tractors, dump trucks, truck cranes, excavators). YaMZ diesel engines are also used in agricultural and industrial equipment, and in total, YaMZ diesel engines are used in more than 300 different types of equipment manufactured in Russia and the CIS countries.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with a detailed table of recommended engine oils for YaMZ engines, which you can always purchase from us. We have motor oils for YaMZ engines, spare parts for trucks and a large selection of other various auto components that may be useful for your car.

Oils for naturally aspirated engines (YaMZ-1-97) (YaMZ-236M2, YaMZ-238M2, YaMZ-240M2)

Oil grade	Standard number	Manufacturer
M-10-G2 M-8-G2	GOST 8581-78	OJSC "Norsi" Ryazan Oil Refinery OJSC JSC "Plant im. Shaumyan " JSC Yaroslavl Refinery named after Mendeleev "
M-10-G2 M-8-G2	TU 0253-077-00148636-96 rev. 12	LLC "LUKoil-Permnefteorgsintez"
M-6z / 10-V	GOST 10541-78	OJSC Norsi OJSC UfaNeftekhim
M-6z / 12-G	TU 0253-011-00151742-95	JSC "Kremenchug Oil Refinery"
Slavol M-3042U (M-10-G2u) Slavol M-2042U (M-8-G2u)	TU U 13932946.015-96	NPP "Additives"
Lukoil Standard SAE 10W-30, API SF / CC	TU 0253-072-00148636-95 rev. 1-8	LLC "LUKoil-Permnefteorgsintez"
Oils for forced turbocharged engines (YaMZ-2-97 - YaMZ-3-02) (YaMZ-236B, YaMZ-238D, YaMZ-850.10)
M-10-D2 M-8-D2	GOST 8581-78	LLC "LUKoil-Permnefteorgsintez" JSC "Plant im. Shaumyan " JSC "Slavneft-Yaroslavnefteorgsintez" JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk JSC "Angarsk Petrochemical Company" Ryazan Oil Refinery OJSC LLC "LUKoil-Volgogradneftepererabotka"
Consol M-10-D 2 Consol M-8-D 2	GOST 8581-78	LLC "VIAL OIL", Moscow
Omskoil-Turbo 2 M-10-D2	TU 38.301-19-110-97 rev. 1-4	Omsk Oil Refinery OJSC
Sam-Oil-4126 M-10-D2	TU 38301-13-008-97	OJSC "Novokuibyshevsk Oil Refinery"
Sam-Oil-4127 M-6z / 14-D	TU 38301-13-008-97	OJSC "Novokuibyshevsk Oil Refinery"
LUKoil-Super (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4 / SG) M-6z / 14D	TU 38.601-07-039-98	LLC "NORSI", Kstovo
LUKoil-Super (SAE 15W-40, API CD / SF) M-6z / 14D	TU 0253-004-00148599-00 with rev. 1	LLC LUKoil-Volgogradneftepererabotka
High performance turbocharged engine oils, meeting environmental standards Euro-2 (YMZ-4-02) (YaMZ-7514)
UTEC Superdiesel (SAE 10W-40, API CF-4 / SG) M-5z / 14-E
UTEC Superdiesel (SAE 10W-40, API CF-4 / SG) M-6z / 14-E	TU 0253-312-05742746-03 with rev. 1	JSC "Angarsk Petrochemical Company"
LUKoil-Super (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4 / SG) M-5z / 14-E	TU 0253-075-00148636-99 rev. 1..6	LLC "LUKoil-Permnefteorgsintez"
Rolls Turbo (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4 / SF) M-5z / 14-E	TU 38.301-41-185-99	Ryazan Oil Refinery OJSC
LUKOIL-avant-garde (SAE 15W-40, API CG-4 / SJ) M-5z / 14-E	TU 0253-102-00148636-00 with rev. 1..4	LLC "LUKoil-Permnefteorgsintez"
Spectrol Champion (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4 / SG) M-5z / 14-E	TU 0253-15-06913380-98	CJSC PG "Spectr-Auto", Moscow
Essolube XT-4 (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4 / CF)		Exxon Mobil
Consol Titanium Transit (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4 / SG) M-5z / 14-E)	TU 0253-007-17280618-2000	LLC "VIAL OIL", Moscow
Shell Rimula D (SAE 10W-30, API CF-4 / SG) Shell Rimula D (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4 / SG)		Shell East Europe Co

Diesel engines for trucks and tractors. Spare parts, adjustments and repairs.

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The power supply and lubrication system of the YaMZ-236 diesel engine

The power supply system (fuel system) of the YaMZ-236 engine and its components

The fuel supply equipment of the YaMZ-236 diesel power system for Ural and Maz vehicles, for the T-150 tractor is of a split type.

The fuel system of the YaMZ-236 diesel engine consists of a high-pressure fuel pump with an all-mode speed regulator and a built-in corrector for adjusting the fuel supply, a fuel pump, an injection advance clutch or without it, injectors, coarse and fine fuel filters, low and high pressure fuel lines ...

Fig. 31. YAMZ-236 diesel power system diagram

A - suction line; B - low pressure; C — high pressure; D – drain excess fuel into the tank; 1 – coarse fuel filter; 2– high pressure fuel pump; 3– fine fuel filter; 4 – nozzle; 5 – spray nozzle; 6 – fuel priming pump; 7– fuel tank

From the tank, through a coarse filter, fuel is sucked in by the fuel pump of the engine of Ural, Maz, tractor T-150 and is fed to the fine filter and then to the high pressure fuel pump.

The fuel pump in accordance with the order of operation of the cylinders supplies fuel through the high-pressure fuel lines to the injectors, which atomize it into the engine cylinders.

Through the bypass valve in the fuel pump and the nozzle in the fine filter, excess fuel, and with them the air that has entered the system, is discharged through the fuel line to the fuel tank. The fuel leaked into the spring cavity of the injector is discharged through the drain pipe to the tank.

YaMZ-236 internal combustion engine coarse filter

The YaMZ-236 coarse fuel filter (Fig. 32) consists of a cover 5, a cap 7 and a filter element 8. The cap and the cover are connected by four bolts 2. The seal between them is provided by a rubber gasket 6. The cap has a drain plug 9 with a gasket 10.

The filtering element is a fluffy cotton cord wound on a mesh frame. The filter element is tightly clamped at the ends between the lid and the bottom of the hood. The hole in the cover, closed by plug 4 with gasket 3, serves to fill the filter with fuel.

Fig. 32. YaMZ-236 diesel coarse fuel filter

1 – spring washer; 2 – bolt; 3 – plug gasket; 4 – plug; 5 – cover; 6 – cap gasket; 7 – cap; 8 – filtering element; 9 – drain plug; 10 – gasket drain plug

Replacing the element of the coarse fuel filter YaMZ-236

Drain sediment from the filter. Unscrew the four bolts 1 (Fig. 33) securing the filter cap 8 to the cover 5, remove the filter cap and remove the old filter element 7.

Thoroughly rinse the inside surfaces of the hood with clean gasoline or diesel fuel.

Put a new element 7 and gasket 6 into the groove of the cover, install the cap, and, making sure that the gasket is in the correct (without displacement) position, carefully tighten the bolts 1 securing the cap to the cover.

If access to the filter is difficult, in order to avoid cases of displacement of the gasket, it is allowed to lubricate the gasket from the side of the cover with grease at several points before installation.

Unscrew plug 3, pour clean fuel into the filter and carefully tighten the plug.

Start the engine and check the filter for leaks. Tighten the bolts to eliminate air leakage.

Fig. 33. YaMZ-236 diesel coarse fuel filter

1 – fastening bolt; 2 – washer; 3 – plug; 4 – plug gasket; 5 – cover; 6 – gasket; 7 – filtering element; 8 – cap; 9-drain plug

YaMZ-236 diesel engine fuel fine filter

The fine fuel filter for Ural, Maz, tractor T-150 (Fig. 34) consists of a cap 5 with a rod 6 welded to it, a cover 8 and a filter element 4.

From below, a drain plug 1 with a gasket is screwed into the rod 2. The seal between the cap and the lid is provided by a paronite gasket 7. The cap and the lid are connected by a bolt 12, under the head of which there is a sealing washer 13.

The replaceable filter element is pressed against the cover by a spring 3. The filter element is sealed with gaskets from the end surfaces.

Fig. 34. Fuel fine filter for the YaMZ-236 engine

1-drain plug; 2-drain plug gasket; 3-spring; 4-filter element; 5-cap; 6-rod; 7-cap gasket; 8-cover; 9-plug; 10-jet gasket; 11,15-jet valve; 12-bolt; 13-gasket; 14-gasket of the filter element.

A nozzle 12 is screwed into the cover, which is sealed with a gasket 10. Part of the fuel is drained through the nozzle together with the air that has entered the low pressure system.

On the engines of Ural, Maz, tractor T-150, equipped with an electric torch device, instead of a jet, a jet valve 15 is installed in the filter.

With a low pressure in the system, which can be observed when starting the engine, the fuel does not drain, and the fuel supply to the ESP is improved.

Replacing the element of the filter for fine cleaning of ICE fuel YaMZ-236

Drain sediment from the filter.

Unscrew bolt 5 (Fig. 35) securing the cap.

Remove the cap 10 and remove the old filter element 8.

Flush the inside surfaces of the hood with gasoline or clean diesel fuel.

Put the spring 9 into the cap 10, the filter element 8 (with the smaller hole downwards), install a rubber gasket on the upper flange of the element.

Fig. 35. Fuel fine filter YaMZ-236

1 - gasket; 2 - cover; 3 - jet gasket; 4 - jet; 5 - bolt; 6 - washer of the fastening bolt; 7 - cap gasket; 8 - filter element; 9 - spring, 10 - cap; 11 - drain plug gasket; 12 - drain plug; 13 - plug

Put the washer 6 of the fastening bolt and the gasket 7 of the cap, put the cap with the element in place and carefully tighten the bolt 5.

To drain the sediment from the coarse and fine fuel filters, unscrew the drain plugs by 3-4 turns and pour 0.1 liters of fuel into the placed container.

After draining the sediment, wrap the plugs and run the engine for 3-4 minutes to remove air plugs. Drainage of sludge is especially important in winter to remove condensing water.

Fuel lines of the YaMZ-236 engine

For supplying fuel to the pump and injectors, as well as for removing its excess on the YaMZ-236 engine of the Ural, Maz cars, the T-150 tractor, there is a system of low and high pressure fuel lines.

Low pressure fuel lines are connected with hollow bolts or union nuts through lugs attached to the ends of the fuel lines. The contact surfaces are sealed with 1.5 mm copper washers.

YaMZ-236 high pressure fuel lines have the same length for all engine cylinders. The ends of the fuel lines are upset in the form of a cone and are pressed with union nuts to the fittings of the high-pressure fuel pump and injectors. In order to avoid damage to the fuel lines from vibration, they must be secured with special brackets.

The order of operation of the sections for different models of the injection pump is different, therefore, the schemes for connecting the high-pressure fuel lines to the injection pump sections and the injectors of the engine cylinders are different.

YAMZ-236 diesel engine lubrication system

The lubrication system of the YaMZ-236 engine for Ural and Maz vehicles, for the T-150 tractor is mixed, with a "wet" sump (Fig. 36).

The YaMZ-236 oil pump (Fig. 37) sucks in oil from the crankcase through a suction pipe with an intake and supplies it to the system through a series-connected liquid-oil heat exchanger (if available).

Fig. 36. Diagram of the lubrication system of the YaMZ-236 engine with a single-section oil pump and a liquid-oil heat exchanger

1 – oil sump; 2 – oil intake; 3 – oil pump; 4-reducing valve; 5 – liquid-oil heat exchanger; 6 – oil purification filter; 7 – bypass valve; 8 – signal lamp of the filter; 9 – centrifugal oil filter; 10-camshaft; 11 – axis of pushers; 12 - crankshaft; 13 – differential valve; 14 – piston cooling nozzle; 15 - choke; 16 – turbocharger; 17 – heat exchanger bypass valve; 18 – fan drive switch; 19 – fan drive; 20 – injection pump

A bypass valve is installed in the body of the heat exchanger (plate). If the pressure difference before and after the heat exchanger reaches 274 ± 40 Kpa (2.8 ± 0.40 kgf / cm2), the valve opens and part of the oil is supplied directly to the oil line.

On engines YaMZ-236N, B cars Ural, Maz, tractor T-150, instead of a throttle, a valve is installed that stops oil supply to the nozzles when the oil pressure in the lubrication system is below 300 ... 350 kPa (3.0 ... 3.5 kgf / cm2).

The other part goes to the oil filter (fig. 38). A bypass valve is installed in the filter housing.

When the pressure difference before and after the filter reaches 200 ... 250 kPa (2.0 ... 2.5 kgf / cm2), the valve opens and part of the crude oil is fed directly into the oil line. By the time the bypass valve starts to open, the movable and fixed contacts of the signaling device will close.

At this moment, a signal lamp connected to the signaling device terminal comes on in the driver's cab. This pressure increase can occur when the filter element is clogged or the oil has a high viscosity (for example, when starting the engine in cold weather).

Fig. 37. YAMZ-236 engine oil pump

1 – intermediate gear; 2 – axis of the intermediate gear; 3 – leading pinion shaft; 4 – case cover; 5 – driven pinion shaft; 6 – building; 7– drive gear; 8-key; 9 – persistent flange; 10 – fitting (present only on engines without a water-oil heat exchanger); eleven-
pressure reducing valve

The filter element of the YaMZ-236 oil filter is made either from a non-woven material stretched over a metal frame, or from a special filter paper.

From the filter, the oil enters the central oil channel, and from there through the system of channels in the block to the bearings of the crankshaft and camshaft.

From the bearings of the YaMZ-236 crankshaft through oil channels in the crankshaft and connecting rods, oil is supplied to the bearings of the upper connecting rod heads.

From the camshaft of the YaMZ-236 diesel engine of the Ural, Maz cars, the T-150 tractor, the oil is sent in a pulsating flow to the axis of the pushers, and from there, through the channels of the pushers, the cavities of the rods and rocker arms, it goes to all the rubbing pairs of the valve drive, and through the outer pipe to the bearings of the turbocharger , speed regulator and high pressure fuel pump.

Fig. 38. YAMZ-236 engine oil filter

1 – filter housing; 2 – cap gasket; 3-lock cover; 4 – filter cover; 5 – filtering element; 6 – cap head; 7 – gasket of the filter element; 8 - valve plunger; 9 – valve spring; 10 – signaling device spring; 11 – moving contact of the signaling device; 12 – fixed contact; 13 – terminal

The bearing of the intermediate gear of the oil pump drive is also lubricated under pressure. Accessory drive gears, camshaft cams, rolling bearings, cylinder liners are spray lubricated.

A pressure reducing valve is installed in the YaMZ-236 pump casing, which bypasses oil back into the crankcase at a pressure at the pump outlet above: 700 ... 800 (7.0 ... 8.0 kgf / cm);

To stabilize the pressure, a differential valve is included in the lubrication system of the YaMZ-236 engine, adjusted at the beginning of opening: 520 ... 560 kPa (5.2 ... 5.6 kgf / cm).

The centrifugal oil filter YaMZ-236 (Fig. 39) is connected in parallel after the oil purification filter and passes up to 10% of the oil passing through the lubrication system. The cleaned oil is drained into the crankcase. Additional centrifugal oil cleaning is also carried out in the cavities of the crankshaft connecting rod journals.

Fig. 39. Centrifugal oil filter YaMZ-236

1 – filter cover; 2, 7 – washers; 3 – cap nut; 4 – rotor fastening nut; 5 – persistent washer; 6 – rotor nut; 8, 14 - rotor bushings; 9 – rotor cap; 10-rotor; 11 – reflector; 12 – sealing ring; 13 – cap gasket; 15 – axis of the rotor; 16 – filter housing; 17 – rotor nozzle; A - from the system under pressure; B - oil drain into the crankcase

The radiator section of the YaMZ-236 two-section oil pump supplies oil to the air-oil heat exchanger (VMT) installed on the machine. The oil cooled in the heat exchanger is drained into the crankcase.

The safety valve of the YaMZ-236 radiator section of the Ural, Maz automobiles, the T-150 tractor opens when the pressure at the pump outlet exceeds 100 ... 130 kPa (1.0 ... 1.3 kgf / cm2).

On engines with TDC, a single-section oil pump can be used with separation of the oil flow at TDC through a throttle with a safety valve of 100 ... 130 kPa (1.0 ... 1.3 kgf / cm2). The oil pressure is monitored in the central oil channel.

Motor oils for diesel engines YaMZ

The Yaroslavl Motor Plant, among the Russian manufacturers of automotive diesel engines, has been a favorite in the formation of the necessary requirements for motor oils for more than 60 years.

The year 1940 was marked by the release of the YaAZ-204 engine, it was at this moment that a completely new product had to be launched on the market, because cars with a new YaAZ-204 engine, even with the best oils without additives, did not have time to work not 160 hours! They broke down after 100-150 hours of operation. Coking of the piston rings or a complete loss of mobility - that's what was the engine stop. The sulfur contained in the fuel, and naturally the oxidation products of non-polymerization, formed from the oil as a result of exposure to high temperatures, strongly coke the piston rings in the grooves.

It is worth understanding the fact which oils form strong oil films do not prevent coking of the piston rings, do not form resinous deposits, prevent the formation of deposits in the exhaust system, in addition, they exclude carbon deposits on the candles and do not have amazing anticorrosive and antiwear qualities. How much oil is in the engine MAZ-504 YAMZ-238: 240: 29.0: Oil in the engine tolerances: summer: M-10V2, M. Nettle, synthetic oils. they are perfectly adapted to new types of fuel and are not environmentally friendly.

By the end of the 50s, the Yaroslavl Motor Plant was producing two diesel engines YaMZ-236 not YaMZ-238. This diesel engine YaMZ 238 turbo has a fairly wide account of the use of inexpensive engine oil and gear oil. How is the oil change in the Daewoo engine made in Daewoo Nexia, how many liters. For these engines, oils with more effective additives were useful. Then the new release of YaMZ diesel engines necessitated an increase in the level of performance parameters of engine oils used in almost all engines.

At the current time, YaMZ has a standard RD 37.319.034-97, which specifies what remains for our client to do with the requirements for the physicochemical non-operational properties of motor oils used on YaMZ engines. A similar standard establishes the procedure for admitting motor oils to YaMZ engines. How much oil needs to be poured into the Renault gearbox. How many liters; Oil volume (l.) 1.5: SOHC: How many liters; Daewoo brake fluid. For this purpose, the document also additionally prescribes complexes of methods for testing engine oils, to which oils of different groups are subjected.

On the classification of engine oils (API - South American Petroleum Institute). four groups of YaMZ oils correspond to the following four classes:

Ural timber carrier Oil change in engine. How many liters of oil to fill the engine. Yamz-238 from the first person

Ural timber carrier, yamz engine—238 , drain oils, flushing the centrifuge, filter, etc. thermostat not faucet trailer.

How to change the oil on a T-150K tractor with YAMZ-236 (238)

april 2014 Seasonal substitution oils in yMZ engine-236 on the T-150K tractor. Oil used when replacing.

According to the Russian systematization of engine oils GOST 17479.1-85 (by designation not at the level of operational parameters) used in cars, tractors, diesel locomotives, agricultural, ship, road and other equipment, three 1st groups are equivalent to G2, D2 not E2.

YaMZ 236 engine

Characteristics of YaMZ-236

Production	"Autodiesel" Yaroslavl Motor Plant
Engine brand	236
Years of release	1962-present
Cylinder block material	cast iron
engine's type	diesel
Configuration	V-shaped
Number of cylinders	6
Valves per cylinder	2
Piston stroke, mm	140
Cylinder diameter, mm	130
Compression ratio	16.5
Engine displacement, cubic cm	11150
Engine power, hp / rpm	150/1700 165/1800 175/2100 180/2100 185/2000 185/1900 195/2100 210/1900 230/2100 230/2100 250/2000 250/2000
Torque, Nm / rpm	-/- 736/1200-1400 667/1300-1500 667/1250-1450 716/1300-1500 833/1200-1400 716/1200-1400 882/1200-1400 882/1200-1400 882/1100-1300 1030/1200-1400 1078/1100-1300
Environmental standards	Euro 0 Euro 1 Euro 2
Turbocharger	TKR 90
Engine weight, kg	950 (turbo)
Fuel consumption at a speed of 60 km / h, l / 100 km (for URAL 4320)	35
Oil consumption,% to fuel consumption, up to	0.5 0.2 (Euro 2)
Engine oil: -in summer -winter (less than + 5 ° С)	M-10-G2k M-8-G2k
How much oil is in the engine, l	21 (atmospheric) 24 (turbocharged)
Oil change is carried out, hours	500 1000 (Euro-2)
Dimensions, mm: - length - width - height	1276 1045 1100
Engine resource, hours - according to the plant - on practice	8000+ -
The engine was installed	Differences between YaMZ 236 engines 1. YaMZ-236A - a model without a turbine based on 236M2, it differs in a 60-40 pump, an oil sump, a crankshaft pulley. This motor is designed for Euro-0 standards. Power 195 HP at 2100 rpm, torque 716 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. This modification is found on the following cars: ZIL-5343, 4526, 5417, 6309, 6409; LAZ-42078, A1414, 52565; Neman-5201. 2. YaMZ-236B - a turbo engine with its own pistons, oil nozzles, a pump 607, 261 fuel injectors and a TKR 90 turbine. Power 250 hp. at 2000 rpm, torque 1030 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. Environmental class version: Euro-0. The resource is 10,000 hours. The engine was installed on TM-120, VEKS 30L and T-12. 3. YaMZ-236BE - the same 236B, but a 607-10 pump, a liquid-oil heat exchanger, a single-section oil pump, and its own pump are installed here. Power 250 HP at 2000 rpm, torque 1030 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. The resource is 800 thousand km. The motor is on MAZ-5336, 5432, 5434, 5516, 6303. Environmental class - Euro-1. 4. YAMZ-236BE2 - improved 236BE for Euro-2. Here, new liners are used (protrusion above the surface of the block 1.6 mm), pistons, piston pins and connecting rods (all from 7511). In addition, Euro-2 motors have heads with grooves, their own camshaft, injection pumps 133-30 (324-20 for 236BE2-14), 267 injectors. The power is the same, and the torque is increased to 1078 Nm at 1100-1300 rpm. The resource remained unchanged. You can find such an internal combustion engine on MAZ-5336, 5432, 5434, 5516, 6303; MZKT-8022, Ural-4320, BZKT-8027, KrAZ-6505 and 6510. 5. YaMZ-236BK - combine version 236BE. Power 250 HP at 2000 rpm, the moment is 1030 Nm at 1100-1300 rpm. Combines with such a power plant: Acros 530 and Yenisei 860. 6. YaMZ-236G - atmospheric modification, analogous to 236M2, but with a 601 fuel pump and with a different pump. Ecology complies with Euro-0. Unit power 150 HP at 1700 rpm. Service life - 8000 hours. Installed it on EO-33211, 4225; DU-84, 85, 101; VEKS-20K, DZ-122B, GS-14.02, TVEKS ET-25-80, VPM ML-119A. 7. YaMZ-236D - aspirated with a 60-30 pump for Euro-0. This is a tractor version of the 236M2, its power is 175 hp. at 2100 rpm, torque 667 Nm at 1300-1500 rpm. Motor resource - 8000 hours. You can find this motor under the hood of the T-150, KhTZ-17221, RTM-160, OrTZ-150, GS-14.02 and 18.05. 8. YaMZ-236DK - combine version 236M2 with injection pump 608. Power 185 hp at 2000 rpm, torque 716 Nm at 1300-1500 rpm. The ecological class is Euro-0, and the resource is 8000 hours. Installed it on the Yenisei-950, 954, 957, 959, 1200; KS-65, T-11.01, CHETRA 121. 9. YaMZ-236M2 - the main atmospheric engine with a capacity of 180 hp. at 2100 rpm, with a torque of 667 Nm at 1250-1450 rpm. This is a Euro-0 motor with a 60-30 pump and a resource of 25,000 hours. They put it on MAZ-5337, 5433, 5551; Ural-4320 and 5557; KS-4372, KS-5871, V138, TS-10, E30, EO-5119, DU-84, 85, 101; DZ-122, Kraneks EK 270, ET26, PV-10 / 8M1, NV-10 / 8M2, AD60. 10. YaMZ-236N - a turbocharged motor with a capacity of 230 hp. at 2100 rpm, the moment is 882 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. There is a TKR-90 turbine, a 604 pump, 261 fuel injectors, its own pistons, oil nozzles, and the ecology is Euro-0. The motor is similar to the YaMZ-236B. Motor resource - 10,000 hours. This ICE was installed at ChTZ B10M, BKK-1, PK-1. 11. YaMZ-236NE - a turbo engine for Euro-1, analogue of 236N, but with a liquid-oil heat exchanger, with a different oil pump and pump, with a high-pressure fuel pump 604-10 (323-11 for 236NE-6, -18, -24). Its power and torque is similar to that of the YaMZ236N. Technically, the motor is analogous to YaMZ-236BE. Cars with this engine: MAZ-104, 4219, 5256, 5277, 5336, 5432, 5551; Volzhanin 5270, LiAZ-5256, LAZ-5207, 5252. 12. YaMZ-236NE2 is an analogue of 236BE2, but here the injection pump is 324-10 (133-20 on models 236NE2-3, -8, -14, -18, -30, -33, -36, -38). Power reduced to 230 hp at 2100 rpm, the moment is 882 Nm at 1100-1300 rpm. The resource is 800 thousand km. You can meet such a modification on Ural-3255, 4320, 4420, 5557; MAZ-5336, 5337, 5432, 5433, 5551, 5554; LAZ-5252, LiAZ-5256, Volzhanin-5270, Neman-5201. 13. YaMZ-236NB - a model created on the basis of 236NE, power reduced to 165 hp. at 1800 rpm, torque 736 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. It has its own crankshaft pulley, pump, pump 605-10, modified inlet. Installed on CHETRA T9. 14. YaMZ-236ND - modified 236NE for tractors and combines, differs in another crankshaft pulley, its own fan, pump 605-20. Power 210 HP at 1900 rpm, the moment is 882 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. There is an engine on the Vector combine and the ChTZ T10M tractor. 15. YaMZ-236NK - turbo engine for Euro-1, developed on the basis of the same 236NE. A 605-30 pump is installed here, another oil sump, its own crankshaft pulley. Power 185 HP at 1900 rpm, torque 833 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. This is a tractor engine and was installed on the T-150, KhTZ-181 and KhTZ-17222. Malfunctions YaMZ-236 This motor is a copy of the 238th, but without two cylinders, the problems of these motors are the same: it also heats up, rpm may float or the engine does not develop them, there are knocks or the engine starts to stall, etc. The causes of all these faults are described. Engine number Look for markings in the flywheel area, under the intake manifold, as on the YaMZ-238.

YaMZ-236 is a legendary diesel engine manufactured by Avtodiesel OJSC, the former This V-shaped “six” became popular in the Soviet Union, and after its collapse - throughout the CIS. The engine is still used on trucks, tractors and combines. It can be found on such famous cars as MAZ, KRAZ, URAL, ZIL, as well as on K-700 tractors.

The closest associates of this model are the YMZ-238 for 8 cylinders and the YMZ-240 - 12-cylinder. YaMZ-236 has many modifications with different amounts of horsepower.

History of creation

In the 1950s, the Yaroslavl plant received a state special order for the creation of more powerful diesel engines, which were supposed to replace the outdated YaAZ. These motors were to be more powerful and more economical than their predecessors. On the other hand, the state wanted to get a universal internal combustion engine that could be used on different brands of cars.

Under the leadership of the outstanding Soviet designer and honored scientist GD Chernyshev, the YaMZ-236 engine was created, as well as the rest of the family of diesel engines of that time. He also developed an equally legendary series of units for KAMAZ.

Thus, the ICE was born, which to this day is famous for many. It features high power, reliability, easy repair, easy maintenance, and cheap spare parts. A large resource and maintainability allow it to serve faithfully for many years.

Production at present

To date, the production of YaMZ-236 continues, although its successor, YaMZ-530, already exists. The volumes of engines sold are not falling, but due to the military actions in Ukraine, supplies to the Kremenchug car assembly plant, which produced the famous KRAZ trucks, were stopped. Of course, the Yaroslavl plant lost the motor sales segment, but this did not reduce production.

Specifications and device

The YaMZ-236 engine has fairly high technical characteristics. It is equipped with 6 cylinders that are parallel and tilted 90 degrees. The fuel enters directly into the cylinders, that is, direct injection. The pressure in the engine is 16.5 atmospheres. The piston has a diameter of 130 mm in the base and 140 mm in the repair version, with its stroke of 140 mm.

The engine is equipped with a mechanical-type high-pressure fuel pump and injectors, which directly inject into each cylinder. Each block head has 6 valves - 3 inlet and 3 outlet.

Cooling system - liquid with forced circulation, which is carried out using a water pump. The drive is a belt that rotates the pump pulley from the crankshaft pulley.

The YaMZ-236 engine has a volume of 11 liters, power ranges from 150 to 420 horsepower. On the latest models, it has been increased to 500 hp. In connection with the increase in fuel tariffs, the manufacturers of YaMZ-236, whose consumption was 40 liters per 100 km, reduced this figure to 25 liters.

The main power unit was made of cast iron until 2010, until it was decided to transfer it to aluminum, like the cylinder head. This made it possible to simplify the procedure for repairing and boring cylinder necks, and honing became more accurate. At the same time, the unit block did not lose its former strength.

The main characteristics of the YaMZ-236 show that the engine has a rather simple design, which ensures ease of repair and maintenance.

Adjustment

YaMZ-236, which is manually adjusted, requires a special tool. It includes a lot of operations. Consider the main manipulations that need to be carried out:

Valve adjustment, which is done using a special probe designed for the YaMZ-236 engine. The motor device allows this operation to be done with the valve cover removed.
more precisely, this process is called balancing. It is held at a special stand.
Regulation of fuel supply through the injection pump.

All adjustment operations are carried out only in car services, since they require a special tool that is difficult to find in the garage.

Service

It is quite simple to maintain a YaMZ-236 diesel engine if you know how and what to do. Let's consider the main operations that are included in the service:

Oil change. Usually, it is recommended to use a lubricant for diesel engines of the M10G2K type for this engine.
Replacement of filter elements. The motor has several filters that should be replaced every 15,000 km. This is a filter element for coarse and fine fuel cleaning, repair kits for all filters.
Injection adjustment, in other words - blowing the injectors.
Replacement of gaskets and cylinder head. In some cases, the liner material of the pallet is changed.
Tightening or replacing drive belts.

That, in principle, is all the maintenance operations that are carried out at the YaMZ-236. Everything else changes in the current and planned repairs.

Repairs

Repair of the YaMZ-236 engine is carried out only in car services, since it requires special equipment and tools. They include the following stands: for disassembling and assembling the power unit and its elements, balancing, adjusting and testing.

You will also need special equipment:

Boring and honing machine.
Equipment for grinding and polishing the crankshaft.
Stand with a bathtub for crimping.
Reamers for grinding valve seats.
Equipment for the installation of directional valves.
Lathe and milling machine.
Stand for
Press for pressing bearings and oil seals.
Argon welding, in some cases.
Other special purpose tools and equipment for diesel engine repair.

As you can see from the list, you will need a lot of stands and equipment that not every car service can afford.

Repair of the YaMZ-236 engine is carried out in several stages. All of them are quite complex, and a narrow professional is responsible for each. Let's consider all the stages in turn:

Disassembly. Probably, and so it is clear that the internal combustion engine is disassembled using a conventional extended set of tools and an air pistol.
Diagnose faults and determine the list of spare parts to be replaced.
Crankshaft grinding and cylinder block preparation.
Washing of all spare parts and assemblies. It is usually carried out with hot kerosene.
When everything is ready, the assembly takes place.

The process of disassembling the YaMZ-236 takes about 6-8 hours. It takes about 16-20 hours to prepare parts for assembly, depending on the complexity of the breakdown. The assembly process takes up to 36 hours. It all depends on how worn out the main units and assemblies and how well they were prepared for the final stage of work.

Plans for the future

In 2020, he plans to stop the production of YaMZ-236 engines, since a new YaMZ-660 is being prepared to replace it, which will become 100 horsepower more powerful, and the volume will increase to 12.5 liters. In this case, the classic layout of cylinders and valves will remain. They plan to make an innovation an electronic injection pump, which will have the Euro-5 standard, which will allow engines to enter the world market. It is also planned to continue the production of diesel power plants based on the YaMZ-236.