The electrical scheme of KAMAZ-5320 is colored, as a rule, it is used to repair electrical wiring and car devices. Thanks to the wiring diagram, the car owner can find out-of-order or faulty units for their further repair or replacement. You can learn more about the features of electrical equipment, its malfunctions and diagnostics from this material.
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Features of electrical equipment
Let's start with a description - what elements and subsystems includes the removal of the KAMAZ-5320 wiring:
- Signaling lights and turning lights.
- Heating system, power supply, and windshield cleaning.
- Exterior lighting, including low and high beam, fog lamps, if any.
- Interior lighting of the car interior.
- Engine start system.
- Also, the wiring diagram includes a system of control and measuring devices located on the dashboard of the car. The tidy contains not only, but also many indicators, as well as sensors designed to provide more convenient control of the machine.
- Sound alarm.
- Audio system, if available.
Normal operation of the KAMAZ 43118 wiring diagram is possible only with the correct functioning of two main units:
- Battery. This device provides the ignition system with voltage during engine start, and also allows powering the main electrical equipment when the internal combustion engine is off.
- Generator. This node provides power to all devices and equipment while driving. Also, with the help of the generator, the battery charge is replenished, which he spent on starting the engine.
How to identify a malfunction?
Detection of breakdowns in the operation of equipment is possible with the assistance of a specialist or at home.
In general, there are two vehicle conditions in which a circuit fault can be determined:
- The engine will not start, the operation of the car is impossible. There can be many reasons for a breakdown in this case. Diagnostics of the equipment should start with, switchgear, candles, high-voltage wires, starter unit and, of course, the battery. In most cases, the cause can be resolved by charging the battery, removing carbon deposits from the spark plugs, or replacing the high voltage wires. In addition, the reason may lie in a failed generator. Before proceeding with the dismantling and disassembly of the unit, you should check the quality of the tension of the generator belt. Perhaps the strap is loose or its tension is very strong, which is also not very good for a car.
- The engine can be started, but the equipment is not working or is working partially. The device group may not be working. For example, in your car the windshield wipers and wiper blades stopped working at the same time. It would seem, how can these devices be related to each other? But it must be borne in mind that these two systems operate from the steering column switch. And if it fails or there is poor contact on its circuit, then the nodes simply cannot be started. If the engine starts, then some of the units do not work, then you should first check the fuses in the block, it is quite possible that one or some of them simply burned out. If the safety elements are working, and you are 100% sure of the operability of the electrical equipment, then you need to do the wiring diagnostics (the author of the video is the CarEnergy channel).
Possible wiring faults
All faults in the wiring can be divided into several groups:
- Breakdown of the equipment itself. This does not happen very often, but a similar problem can still occur.
- Fuse defective. As you know, the mounting block contains safety devices responsible for the safety of KAMAZ wiring. If power surges occur in the system, then in order to prevent equipment breakdown, fuses are used that burn out first. If voltage surges periodically occur in the on-board network, then before replacing the blown fuses, it is necessary to get rid of the cause.
- Poor contact of the electrical circuit with the equipment. In this case, there may be several reasons. As a rule, poor contact is caused by a broken wire somewhere in the circuit section. For diagnostics, you need a multimeter, which, in fact, is always used to detect faults in the wiring. Also, the reason may be oxidation or burning of the contacts. If so, then the problem can be solved by stripping or replacing them.
- Leakage current. In most cases, this problem is caused by a breakdown in the wiring. Using a multimeter, a defective wire is determined, which, as a result, will need to be either replaced or carefully insulated.
- Wear of the generator components. Disassembly of the assembly will be required to identify defective parts with their subsequent replacement.
- The battery is dead or there is not enough electrolyte in it. In this case, you need to check the liquid level in the battery banks, and also measure the parameter of its charge.
Electrical diagram
Video "Detailed instructions for the repair of lighting and wiring in KAMAZ"
How to properly repair the backlight, as well as the electrical circuits in the truck - see the video below (by Nikita Vagin).
The brake light circuit of KamAZ is somewhat more complicated than that of other cars. This is due to the use of several sensors, which ensure the inclusion of brake lights when several braking systems are operating. Although the braking system is called KAMAZ, it is now used on other cars due to its reliability. The basic electrical circuit for all such cars is identical and differs only structurally. The KamAZ brake light circuit includes sensors, an intermediate relay, a buzzer and a parking brake warning lamp, and of course, warning lamps in the rear lights of the tractor and trailer. The sensors are installed on the brake system circuits in the area of \u200b\u200bthe brake valve and are triggered when the pressure in the circuit changes. The latest models use a push-button switch installed under the pedal as the brake light sensor, as on most cars. When the pressure in any of the circuits changes, and in the presence of a push button switch, when the pedal is pressed, the sensor contacts close and connect the intermediate relay coil to the vehicle ground.
In this case, the current from the fuse passes through the relay coil, the contacts of one of the sensors to the car body. The relay contacts close and supply power to the warning lamps in the rear lights. When the parking brake is applied, in addition to the warning lamps, the parking brake warning lamp starts flashing. This is due to the fact that the parking brake chopper and the control lamp receive a minus through the parking brake sensor. Since all sensors are connected to the coil of the intermediate relay, then when any sensor is closed, a minus appears on all sensors. In order that the control lamp does not turn on, when other sensors are triggered, a diode is included in the circuit, which prevents a minus from entering the parking brake sensor wire. During operation, some malfunctions are possible. The most common, for all vehicles, is when the brake lights are off. In this case, it is necessary to check whether the lamps are on when the parking brake is applied or not. If the lamps are on, then the sensor is faulty or the wire from it to the relay is broken. To check, you must disconnect the wire from the sensor and connect it to the vehicle ground. If the warning lights come on, the sensor is faulty. Otherwise, there is an open circuit in the wire. If the lamps do not light when the parking brake is applied, then it is necessary to check the serviceability of the fuse, warning lamps and relay. Defective elements must be replaced. The cause of the malfunction may also be a break in the wire connecting the relay with the signal lamps. If the warning lamps light up when the brake pedal is pressed, but do not light up when the parking brake is applied, then it is necessary to check the condition of the sensor, connecting wire and diode. It is better to start by checking the diode, which is located on the board of the signal lamps of the instrument panel, near the control paw of the parking brake. If, when applying the parking brake, a minus appears on the diode, then the sensor and the connecting wire are in good order. Otherwise, disconnect the wire from the sensor and connect it to the vehicle ground. If the negative on the diode does not appear, then it is necessary to eliminate the open circuit in the wire, if the sensor appears to change. Another malfunction when the warning lamps are constantly on. Unlike those described earlier, this is typical only for the stop signal of KamAZ. There may be several reasons. The first is the short circuit of the positive wire to the signal lamp wire, in practice it occurs if the wiring was melted in the process of shorting the positive wire to the vehicle ground. The second reason is the sticking of the relay contacts of the signal lamps. To check, it is enough to remove this relay and put it back in the socket. If the relay is working properly, a characteristic click will be heard. A defective relay must be replaced. The third reason may be in the absence of power to the parking brake warning lamp and its breaker relay. In this case, plus through the winding of the relay of the signal lamps, the parking brake warning lamp, the supply wire of the control lamp and through one of the consumers receiving power from the same wire, goes to the minus. This closes the circuit and the pilot lamp relay is activated. To check, it is enough to disconnect the supply wire from the test lamp breaker. The relay should open and the warning lights should go out. Possible causes could be a defective fuse or an open wire. The last reason can be called the connection of any wire from the sensors to the vehicle ground. As in all cars in the KAMAZ brake light, the fuse of the warning lamps may also blow. Troubleshooting depends on when the fuse blows. To search, you must release the car from the parking brake and release the brake pedal. If the fuse blows out immediately during installation, then a short circuit must be looked for under the dashboard from the fuse to the relay of signal lamps. If the fuse blows when the brake pedal is depressed, then there is a short circuit in the wire from the relay to the rear lights or in the trailer socket.
The reversing light, although it does not belong to the category of mandatory lighting devices, nevertheless, is of great importance for the safe movement of your car.
Reversing light - basic functions
It is rather difficult to imagine how you can drive and not use reverse gear, or rather, such a situation, in principle, cannot exist. Moreover, it is not always possible to move around only during daylight hours, when there is excellent visibility outside the window. Therefore, it is very important to provide yourself with maximum comfort in the evening, as well as at night, and sometimes during the day, during fog, rain and other vagaries of weather that do not reflect in the best way on your visibility to other road users.
Thus, the main function of these lights is to illuminate the road surface when driving backwards. In addition, it is they who warn all participants that you are planning to back up, thereby performing an informative function. But, unfortunately, sometimes it is necessary to install an additional reversing light, since the regular one is not able to perform all tasks at the required level.
Reversing lights do not work - possible malfunctions and their causes
In order to assess the condition of the flashlight and understand the cause of possible malfunctions, you should study the device and the principle of operation. The scheme of work is quite simple and is as follows. As soon as the reverse gear is turned on, a special switch ball, coming out of the stem, closes the contacts. Thus, voltage is applied to the lamp and it is ignited. After the driver disengages the reverse gear, everything returns to its place, and the contacts open under the action of the return spring.
From the foregoing, it becomes clear that these lighting devices, however, like all the others, are connected with the electrical part, which means that there can be a lot of reasons why the reversing lights do not work. Among them, the most common are:
- burnt out light bulb;
- oxidation of contacts;
- defective fuses;
- lack of "mass" on the board;
- the reverse sensor has broken, or its wires have been broken;
- burned out contacts on the headlight film.
Reversing lights do not light up - fault diagnosis and repair
In general, the result of such malfunctions is the same - the reversing lights do not light up. Then you need to identify the cause and, accordingly, eliminate it. If the lamp burns out, then it is time to replace it with a new one. To do this, turn off the external lights, open the trunk and disconnect the wiring block. Of course, you will first have to dismantle all the upholstery behind the lantern. Further, squeezing the latches located on the sides, you can remove the panel and, by pressing on the lamp itself, unscrew it. Then we put a new one and return everything to its place.
To work with wiring, as a rule, a multimeter is required, and a car is no exception.
Oxidized contacts must be cleaned. To provide access to them, you simply need to remove the headlight unit. What about the missing "mass", so it should be put in place, and the broken wires ring, and the non-working ones change. Failed fuses also need to be replaced, they are all located in a special fuse box, so this is not difficult to do. Another problem can also arise when the reversing lights are constantly on.
There may be several reasons for this behavior, or again, not everything is in order with the electrical part, or a special sensor located on the box has failed. In the first and second case, arrange for the replacement of defective parts. In addition, the reversing light switch may also fail. You can get to it either from the bottom of the car, or through the engine compartment, but, before dismantling it, make sure that it was he who failed.
To do this, having freed it, you need to start the car and, and then, having closed the contacts, look at the lights that should light up. Next, removing the switch, we check with a multimeter whether the contacts are closed when it is turned on. In the absence of such a short circuit, flaring is indispensable. Having cut out a flexible contact from the electromagnetic relay of the required length, we tinker it in place of the old one. Then, after checking the reliability of the soldering, we assemble the switch back and ring it. With normal closure, we install it in its original place.
Both are off, I thought the bulbs were burned out or the wires might not be tucked in: I checked - the bulbs are normal (the spiral is intact), the wires also fit where necessary. What could be the reason?
Re: Frog? I mean, the reversing light switch failed.
Or they forgot to put a wire on it, for example ... I had only one thing in the service: they forgot to attach a wire to it, but I thought I flew. ;)
Or maybe they just rotted away ... the tips on the frog
Re: Reversing lights do not light up. What is the reason?
Hi Zhenya!
It turns out that if not CHY, then a frog. The point is that one of the connector pins is always positive. Consequently, it oxidizes and falls off. Look at the connector. Another option is fuse number 5 (F16), but then the wipers would not work and turn signals and a whole bunch of other things ...
Re: Re: Reversing lights are off. What is the reason?
Hi! Thanks, I'll take a look. The fuse is OK. wipers and turn signals work.
Where is this frog on the box?
There is something in the book, and I did not find anything on the Internet. Will it be possible to change it without a pit in conditions "on the street"?
Wow....
Oh, Lord, enlighten this man! He doesn't know where the frog is!
She is at the checkpoint, on the left along the way, below. Sticks out towards the left wheel. Two wires fit to it. You can see it on the ground. It is enough to remove the piece of iron that hangs under the engine. Or maybe it’s possible, I don’t remember.
If you are going to change the frog, keep in mind - oil will flow.
Yes, I am like this...
Misha, how do I know where it is, if earlier I only repaired the bike myself :-) and even then it was a Soviet one without a gearbox. So you have to ask stupid questions. And since there is no one else to ask them (I have no relatives in St. Petersburg, and I am the only one of my friends on the car), I have to decide everything through this confa. THANK YOU gentlemen for your answers. ... And I think there will still be many questions, but I try to dig into the device of this complex mechanism little by little :-)))
Re: Yes, I'm like that ...
It's nice to have a confa. It is even better when you do not mind spending 100 rubles and buying a Talmud for your car. Even if you only look at the pictures at night, you can study the car in a week, and if you also read the text, then in a month you can learn and adjust the carb.
Olegych Pitersky
I have three books in stock ...
Two devices and one minor repair. Maybe, of course, I was looking badly, but I didn't find anything like that there (I'll look again). One book lies at home on purpose and I read it yesterday at night, so I try to match. And then theory is very good, but practice is better - and I still miss it ... that's why I consult with you.
Re: I have three books in stock ...
And the practice is just about comparing what is drawn in the picture and what is in the hardware. I will not believe that there was no light switch ZX in the picture. Gods will not burn the pots, you will learn.
The pedestrian is always right while he is alive ...
Olegych Pitersky
Before changing the frog, ring it.
To do this, pull the wires off the frog and measure the resistance of the frog in the "reverse" position and any other position with an ohmmeter. In the "reverse" position, the ohmmeter should show a short circuit (0 Ohm), and when the reverse gear is off, it will show a gap (infinity). In this case, the frog is working, and the point is in the wiring.
The second option is to short-circuit the wires going to the frog. If the lights come on when the ignition is on, it's a frog. Didn't light up - in the wiring.
But there is little more life in the world than death,
And there is a little more light in the world than darkness
(c) A.V. Makarevich
A large number of electronics and electrical systems function in a modern car. The systems of older cars have a rather primitive principle of operation, when, as a new technique, only those who are able to study more documentation and literature are available for study. Today we will find out what a reverse sensor is, why it is needed on a car and learn about the scheme for switching it on.
Appointment
Obviously, the car's reverse mode is designed to accelerate the car in the opposite direction without resorting to a 180-degree turn. This allows you to park more comfortably, maneuver faster and, finally, save time for yourself and other drivers.
A reversing warning lamp is needed to alert surrounding drivers of an impending maneuver, in a similar way to the turn signals or brake lights embedded in the rear lights.
Thus, when the reverse gear is activated, the white lamp comes on. All drivers and pedestrians in the back are instantly informed about what the driver plans to back up and make decisions about their further maneuvers.
The reversing warning device is also intended for maneuvering in the dark and fog. The lamp, which has a sufficiently powerful light beam, allows the driver to better see what is happening behind the car and avoid annoying accidents and incidents when maneuvering. In any case, it is worth paying attention to the condition and operation of the lanterns. This will eliminate most problems and protect the car from accidental damage.
Operating principle
The reverse sensor is exactly the device that is designed to activate and deactivate the maneuver indicators in the form of lamps or LEDs. Its task is to instantly respond to the inclusion of reverse gear and just as quickly turn off when moving forward. Moreover, such a scheme of functioning does not depend on the type of transmission, be it a mechanic, automatic or variator.
Where is the reverse sensor located? Obviously, if the lamp should turn on when the gear lever is moved to a certain position, then the sensor itself should be located in the transmission area.
Thus, this device consists of an electrical circuit that connects the battery to the lamp.
Obviously, there must be some kind of system between the battery and the lamp that is capable of responding to movements of the gear lever and is activated only when the lever is in the reverse or reverse position.
This function is performed by a limit switch, which is located in the direction of travel of the automatic transmission selector or on the manual transmission gate, next to the reverse position point. What is a limit switch? At its core, this is a button that anyone often sees in real life. Only, unlike most household appliances, this button is not activated directly with a finger, but with a lever that presses it down, being in a certain position.
When the transmission is shifted to reverse, the battery-powered limit switch is activated. The switch closes the circuit, voltage is applied to the lamp, and it lights up. When the transmission is turned off, in the same way, the button is released, and the lamp stops burning.
Summing up
The reverse sensor is one of the most important elements of the electrical system of every modern car. Thanks to this device, the reverse indicator works, which contributes to improving traffic safety in general and better informing drivers about the intention of further maneuver.
