Every day a person finds himself in different situations, and, sometimes, in completely unpredictable ones. No one knows what awaits him around the bend, especially when it comes to driving on road transport... It is impossible to predict everything, but you can take precautions to at least partially be prepared for what might happen.
A car first aid kit is an indispensable set of tools that will help provide first aid in case emergency... Everyone should have it!
The employer must equip the workplace with a set of first aid kits appropriate to the type of hazard and the number of employees employed. detailed information about the first aid kit is given below. Polish rules apply. It is the employer's responsibility to provide employees with a well-functioning emergency first aid system and first aid measures.
Each employer needs to equip the workplace with the appropriate number of first aid kits. When organizing a first aid kit, consider the type and severity of the hazards present. If employees are engaged in a more dangerous process, when there are many dangers, then the first aid kit should be more or better equipped - better equipped.
Automotive first aid kit law
By order of the Ministry of Health Russian Federation the composition of the first aid kit was changed, as a result of which many drugs that were previously considered necessary were removed from it. So, in today's driver's first-aid kit you cannot see: validol, ammonia, nitroglycerin, aspirin, analgin, brilliant green and activated carbon. Instead of these funds, the medicine cabinet now contains universal medical dressings.
In areas where there is a high risk of accident or work involving the release of vapors, gases or dusts of substances classified as hazardous due to acute toxicity, first aid points should be provided. The proposed content of a first aid kit in a company that employs 25 people is.
Rubber gloves. Artificial respiration mask. Sterile gauze bandage. Triangular foil scarves. Triangular canvas scarves. Flexible bandages. Slices and glazing - several pieces. Sterile eye drops - camera kit. The employer must provide appropriate first aid kits and first aid kits.
There is a lot of controversy about the former and current composition of the first aid kit, but one thing is for sure that in critical situation you may need funds that have been removed from the composition, and those that have replaced them.
What is now the list of tools that make up the 2017 automotive first aid kit? Advanced Emergency First Aid Kit Includes:
How your equipment is handled, the number and location of your first aid kit should be determined by your physician who takes preventive care of your staff. It is also important that first aid kits are “assigned” to those with first aid so that they can help injured workers in any situation. The names of these people should be found in every pharmacy. You must also include the phone numbers of these people. In addition, first aid guidance must be provided.
A first aid kit in the workplace should be available. Clearly marked with a white cross on a green background, easily accessible. ... The medicine should not be placed in the medicine cabinet because it is impossible to determine if the victim is allergic to the drug. If you are taking medications, even those that seem harmless, you must decide on a doctor.
- bandages of different diameters;
- a tourniquet to stop bleeding;
- sterilized bandages;
- gauze napkins; a set for the implementation of dressings;
- a patch in the form of a roll;
- bactericidal plasters;
- apparatus for resuscitation measures;
- instructions on how to use the first aid kit; sterile medical gloves.
This is the composition of the current car first aid kits, there are really no medications.
But this does not mean at all that the car owner does not have the right to add those medicines that he considers necessary to his travel kit. You can add pain relievers, anti-inflammatory drugs, and drugs that stop bleeding. It is important not only to finish off these funds, but also to know how to use them, otherwise they will only be useless.
Rules to be followed when providing emergency care (using a first aid kit):
- In no case should you panic, you need to try to calmly assess the situation and start acting. Someone's life will depend on the coordination of actions.
- Before starting treatment, you must wear medical gloves. In order to protect himself and the victim, if he has any kind - damage to the skin, mucous membranes, etc.
- In the absence of respiration, artificial respiration must be performed using the means that are in the first-aid kit.
- If an open fracture occurs and arterial bleeding opens, the bleeding vessel should be pressed against the bone or muscles, and a tourniquet should be used.
- The tourniquet should be applied above the bleeding place, not on the naked body (soft material, it can be anything).
- An important point is that it is necessary to indicate the time of application of the tourniquet.
If the victim has wounds, it is necessary to apply a pressure bandage. Bactericidal patches can serve to protect minor damage from the environment.
Expiry date of a new car first aid kit
The expiration date is indicated on each component of the first aid kit, and on the first aid kit itself. As for the dressing material, it can serve for a long time and not deteriorate if the rules for using the first-aid kit are not violated. Also, tourniquets and plasters will remain usable for 7 years.
Can be generalized. Since all medicines were deleted from the composition of the first-aid kit, its shelf life increased to 5 years. Taking into account the fact that the driver is given six months to replace the first aid kit after the expiration date.
What are the changes to the travel kit for?
The composition of the first aid kit has been primarily changed because people who provide the first emergency care, do not have medical education, and will not be able to provide exactly the right help. In addition, many have contraindications to the use of drugs from the composition of old first-aid kits. People who do not have special skills, guided by a desire to help, can only do harm.
Also, the reason for the renewal of the composition is the fact that the temperature in the car does not correspond to the temperature conditions in which medicinal substances should be stored. This leads to their deterioration and loss of medicinal properties.
It has also led to innovations that the drugs contained in old first-aid kits, in fact, are not a means of providing emergency assistance in case of car accidents. In such situations, the presence of hemostatic material is more important: bandages, tourniquets and all kinds of dressings. Since the main cause of death in such situations is the loss of a large amount of blood.
It's important for drivers to know!
Every driver needs to remember that:
- Do not use medicinal products that do not have an expiration date, or if it has expired.
- You cannot replace the standard first-aid kit, but you can supplement!
- It is necessary to ensure that all the necessary funds are always available.
- A travel first aid kit must be bought only at pharmacies, this guarantees its correct completeness.
And here's another thing. Police officers do not have the right to require the driver to provide a travel first aid kit, but this in no way means that it should not be. A first aid kit is required! You should not neglect this, so that later you do not have to regret. Everyone is obliged to think about how to protect themselves and help others in a difficult life situation, despite the fact that this is not prescribed anywhere.
Any production activity has associated hazardous factors. Injury can happen when you break technological process or labor protection requirements. The production first-aid kit by order of 169n is completed depending on the number of employees, the specifics of production
The necessary stock of medical materials and devices is stored in a specially designated accessible place. The control of the expiration date of the production first-aid kit is carried out by a person appointed by the head of the organization. Knowledge of first aid techniques is mandatory for him.
Orders regulating the availability of a production first aid kit
Order of the USSR Ministry of Health dated July 22, 1969 No. 547 "On the approval of a new assortment medical first aid kits»Acted until the revision of the assortment of the production first aid kit by order 169n in 2011.
Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation of March 5, 2011 No. 169n "On approval of the requirements for packaging medical purpose first-aid kits for providing first aid to workers "was developed in accordance with the main provisions of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. He justified the creation of first-aid kits of a new model and outlined complete list necessary medical devices and devices.
By order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development dated 04.05.2012 No. 477n, two lists were approved:
- a list of conditions in which first aid is provided;
- a list of measures to provide first aid with the use of a production first aid kit by order of 169n.
The main factor in the effective use of funds is the ability of personnel to provide first aid. The kit includes tools for stopping external bleeding, wound dressing and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Medicines are excluded from the list, as their use requires special medical education.
According to paragraphs. 1-2 Notes to Order No. 169n, the employer does not have the right to independently change the list of funds available in the first-aid kit. At the end of the expiration date of the production first-aid kit, it is replaced with a new one. However, after the expiration date of the medical products included in the first-aid kit, or in the case of their use, the first-aid kit must be replenished with similar products.
Who has the right to provide first aid before the arrival of doctors
In the event of an accident, the employer in accordance with Art. 228 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation is obliged to immediately organize first aid for the victim and, if necessary, deliver him to a medical organization.
On the basis of Article 31 of Federal Law No. 323-FZ of 21.11.2011 "On the Fundamentals of Health Protection of Citizens in the Russian Federation", in cases of an employee receiving life-threatening injuries, first aid can be provided by persons who have undergone special training or have the appropriate skills. For example:
law enforcement officials;
military personnel;
emergency workers;
drivers vehicle and etc.
First aid training programs are developed at the federal level. Therefore, a trained member of the production team is responsible for the correct use of primary products.
When providing first aid, one should be guided by the recommendations given in the notes to the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 05.03.2011 No. 169n. In particular, they prescribe that all manipulations be carried out with medical gloves, and in the presence of a threat of the spread of infectious diseases, with a medical mask. If arterial bleeding occurs, a hemostatic tourniquet must be applied, indicating the time of its application. If the victim does not have breathing, administer artificial respiration using a device from the first-aid kit, and use a rescue isothermal blanket to protect against hypothermia or overheating, etc.
The list of tools required in the production first aid kit
For achievement better result, the set of materials should depend on the specifics of production. So, for high-altitude work at height, a fall with fractures and internal injuries is characteristic. Metallurgists and cooks can experience extensive thermal burns. Chemical workers - poisoning or chemical burns. Therefore, the kit is standardized, but it is possible to add specific tools.
Mandatory in the production first aid kit by order 169n are:
products for stopping bleeding and dressing wounds;
means for resuscitating effects on the heart and lungs;
tools and protective equipment for manipulation;
isothermal rescue blanket;
first aid manual.
The presence of medicines for internal use is not encouraged, since only medical professionals can prescribe and be responsible for the consequences of taking them.
What's new in the complete set of industrial first-aid kits
Production first aid kit collected from funds corresponding to GOST. However, further research on the recommended items showed that not all products are easy to use and safe.
The composition of the production first aid kit must meet the latest proposals from the developers. As part of the work being done to bring Russian and international labor protection requirements closer together, it is important to bring the production first-aid kit in accordance with international standards. This issue was one of the discussed at the forum of the Second All-Russian Labor Protection Week in April 2016.
The need to revise the mandatory list and procedure for first aid is gradually brewing. So, for collective first-aid kits, there are three areas that cause differences in the views of developers.
Is it necessary to disinfect and dress up the wounds, causing additional suffering to the patient, if the arrived ambulance will take off the bandage and put on his own after a short time.
The modern industrial first-aid kit copies the military one used on the battlefield, which is used by trained sanitary instructors.
The principles of completing a first-aid kit should be subordinate to expediency and take into account the specifics of the enterprise.
In conclusion, it should be recalled that the presence of a production first-aid kit by order 169n at enterprises within walking distance is a mandatory measure for managers of any subordination, which is directly indicated in article 223 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
