Types, features, rules and means of towing vehicles. Towing power-driven vehicles Towing power-driven vehicles

When a malfunction occurs vehicle, as a result of which independent movement becomes impossible, towing is used to transport a car. At the moment, the current traffic rules define the rules for towing a car, indicating directly the rules for implementation, malfunctions in which it is prohibited to perform it, as well as the features of transportation in this way different types Vehicle.

The rules strictly prohibit the following actions:

Towing vehicles in winter with ice. In such situations, it is quite difficult to drive a vehicle and towing can provoke an accident;
A faulty vehicle, in which the nature of the violations is expressed in the malfunction of the steering. In contrast, towing a vehicle with an inoperative engine is allowed;
It is forbidden to tow a motorcycle without a sidecar. This limitation due to the fact that it does not have sufficient stability, therefore, faulty motorcycles are usually transported in car bodies;
It is forbidden to transport more than one vehicle;
It is forbidden to exceed the established maximum speed at which the towing vehicle can move. This speed when towing is 50 km / h and does not change even when moving on those sections of the road where it is allowed to go faster. Thus, towing on the highway must be carried out in the speed range from 40 to 50 km / h;
Towing a trailer of a passenger car is prohibited without special devices that will allow it to follow the trajectory of the towing vehicle.

Rules and nuances

Traffic rules impose requirements for the safety designation when towing a vehicle. The towing vehicle must include dipped headlights; the towed vehicle must have an emergency light on.

Towing trucks must be carried out when:

the towing vehicle must, in terms of its mass, exceed the mass of the towed vehicle at least 2 times.
drivers are required to move in and out of the rightmost lane only when it is required to make a turn onto another road.

Violation of the rules entails the imposition of a fine in the amount of 500 rubles, moreover, as on the driver who tows the car, and the one that controls the towed one.

Flexible towing

When using a flexible hitch, you should know that it is the most dangerous in terms of possible collisions. However, it is used most often within our country. In this case, you should adhere to the following rules:

With the help of special fasteners, the halyard is attached to one car and to another;
A driver must be behind the wheel of a vehicle that will move in tow;
The distance between vehicles should be in the range of 4 to 6 meters;
In the event that transportation is carried out truck, a bus or other non-passenger vehicles, it is forbidden to carry passengers on them - only the driver can be in the vehicle.

Rigid hitch involves the coupling of two machines using fixed mountings, which are mainly made of metal. This method is rarely used on the territory of our country, since such a design is rarely at hand. The main points that must be observed in this case are the following:

The vehicle that is being towed must be driven by the driver;
Carriage of passengers in a vehicle that undergoes such transportation is prohibited;
The maximum distance that can be between two cars is 4 meters - exceeding this indicator is a violation and poses a danger to DD participants.

Partial loading method

One of the towing methods is the partial loading method, which directly involves partial loading, when the front of the follower is placed on the lead vehicle, and rear wheels will touch the surface of the earth. Compared to flexible and rigid towing this method is considered more difficult, since, first of all, a special freight transport or a crane with which it will be possible to load. In most cases, it is used for the transportation of freight vehicles. At the same time, it is worthwhile to clearly distinguish between the full loading method - it no longer applies to towing.

With this method of transportation:

It is forbidden to transport cars in which there will be people - this method even excludes the driver himself being in the car, since he is not required to perform any functions;
When transporting a car, you must take into account the permissible maximum masses machines - in this case, the rule of the towed weight is two times less than the towing weight.

Many drivers believe that, due to the high risk, towing in the dark is prohibited. In this case, it should be noted that no restrictions are imposed on such a time - the only point is the need to turn on the side lights.

Cars with automatic transmission

Separate moments also exist when towing cars with automatic transmission gear. So, motorists need to consider:

All-wheel drive vehicles are towed only with full loading. That is, in fact, they are not allowed to be towed;
If you need to transport faulty cars over long distances the best option will use the services of a tow truck, since in the process of towing it is possible, due to overheating of the car mechanisms, to subsequently spend a fairly large amount on repairs;
When towing such machines, it is imperative to monitor the temperature of the transmission - in the event that it overheats, you will need to make stops for cooling;
The recommended speed in this case should not exceed 40 km / h - this mode is the most optimal and will not contribute to overheating of units and their breakdown

It is forbidden to use higher gears, while starting to move from position "2", and already when the speed rises, they subsequently switch to "L", while observing a smooth ride and not making sudden jerks.

Video: Towing Vehicles

Very often nowadays you can see how the vehicle is transported in tow.

Towing is carried out when one driver for some reason loses the ability to independently drive his vehicle and he has to ask for help from other vehicles. This can happen for various reasons: for example, if the car stalls, breaks down, or it runs out of gasoline.

The main thing is to take into account all the rules for towing a car. Otherwise, it can be dangerous and end in an accident. In addition, the driver runs the risk of being fined.

To avoid undesirable situations, the driver must remember about some mandatory rules:

You cannot take a car in tow on ice;
The braking system must work correctly;
Reflectors must be present on the cable;

If transportation takes place on a rigid hitch, then here it is worth remembering the following rules:

If the vehicle is being transported with an inoperative brake system, then its weight should be a couple of times less than that of a tug;
You cannot tow a car that does not work steering.

The greatest permissible speed when towing is 50 km / h. It is important to understand that such a restriction is valid for both urban roads and roads outside the city. When moving around the city in winter, it is necessary to reduce the speed to 30 km / h. However, do not drive too slowly, as this will impede the movement of other vehicles.

According to Traffic rules towing allowed on the motorway. Vehicle speed must be greater than 40 km / h. Otherwise, it will be considered a violation.

The car that moves first should have dipped headlights on. Emergency lights should be on at the vehicle behind. This requirement is respected by all. It is necessary to understand that in the evening, without the lights on, it will be difficult for other drivers to understand that the vehicle is in tow.

In what situations is towing prohibited?

Not many motorists know that it is not always allowed to transport vehicles in this way. The driver can be punished for illegal transportation.

Here are the situations when towing a car is prohibited:

If installed road sign "Traffic with a trailer is prohibited";
If you need to transport more than one vehicle at the same time;
If you own a motorcycle. It is prohibited to tow a car using vehicle data without a side trailer. Also, these vehicles are prohibited from being towed. If they break, transportation must be carried out using a tow truck.

Vehicle towing options

Today there are a large number of ways in which you can transport a car. If you have a friend who can take you in tow, it is better to use his help. But if there is no such acquaintance, then the driver will have to call a tow truck. It can be more expensive, but the vehicle will be delivered to a certain point without much hassle.

On a flexible hitch

A flexible hitch is the most common vehicle transportation option. To make it, you will need a soft cable with fasteners. It will stretch under heavy load. This will reduce the risk of damage to the vehicle.

A place for mounting such a device is present in all cars. The cable is attached to the rear of the vehicle moving in front. The other end of the cable is attached to the front part, which is in tow.

On a rigid hitch

In this version, a metal structure is used, which also has a mount on both sides. The hitch is of different structure. There are also quite complex options, which have two points for attachment at one end at once. This type of coupling is very rare. And not all cars have such a metal structure. But if a truck is being towed, then it is absolutely necessary.

Partial loading

To carry out towing in this way, you need a cargo vehicle and a crane for partial transfer of the car. Basically, only trucks are transported this way. It is also impractical to transport passenger cars.

The subtleties of towing a car with automatic transmission

In modern times, most people buy cars with automatic transmission. So for some, this topic is quite relevant.

Transportation of such vehicles can be done in 2 ways:

With a flexible hitch. Before proceeding with the process, you need to know how much weight the cable is designed for. It is important to check that its length is at least 4 and does not exceed 6 meters;
With the help of a tow truck. This method is the most popular for this type of transport. Transportation services are themselves responsible for damage to the vehicle during transportation. The disadvantage of this method is the high cost;
On a rigid hitch. This method is great if the brakes are broken. The cable should be no more than 4 meters long.

All vehicles must be transported at a speed of no more than 40 km / h at a distance that is no more than 40 km.

Truck towing

The main rules for towing vehicles should be known to every car owner, since it is impossible to foresee all situations and a car breakdown can happen at any time. Understanding the nuances of the operation will help to avoid gross mistakes that can provoke accidents on the road.

General rules

The procedure for towing a car must be carried out in accordance with the traffic rules, or rather, with the paragraphs of section No. 20.

The list of general guidelines includes:

The towed car should be marked with an emergency alarm with light lights or an emergency stop indicator.
In the dark and in poor visibility, towed vehicles should work parking lights... The rule also applies to cases when traffic is carried out through a tunnel.
The speed threshold for towing is 50 km / h, regardless of whether the traffic is in urban, rural or uninhabited areas.

IMPORTANT! Since April 2017, only a car owner with a driver's license for more than 2 years can be a tug driver.

Types of towing and their features

There are 3 types of towing:

On a rigid hitch. To carry out the operation, a special design is used in the form of a pipe or other device, which allows the faulty car to move along the trajectory of the car towing it.
Flexible traction. In this case, a cable made of metal or other elastic material, for example, nylon, is used as a clutch.
Partial loading. A crane or specialized transport is used as a tug.

Each of the presented types has features and rules that must be followed during the operation.

Flexible clutch

Towing procedure on flexible coupling assumes the following cable requirements:

length - not less than 4 and not more than 5 meters;
the absence of scuffs and damage, the coupling devices (bracket, hook, ring) must be in good working order;
the presence of reflective elements on the cable with stripes of red and white, drawn diagonally, observing the size of 20 × 20 cm.

Towing rules when using a cable:

The presence of the driver in the towed vehicle is mandatory.
The distance between cars is from 4 to 6 meters.
Carriage of passengers in a towed vehicle is strictly prohibited. An exception - passenger cars and a cabin of a freight transport.
Do not allow the cable to sag and touch the ground.

IMPORTANT! A vehicle with a faulty brake system must not be towed.

Rigid hitch

The main features of the method of towing a car using a rigid coupling structure are as follows:

Driving a towed vehicle there must be a driver. The exceptions are situations when the movement occurs in a straight line and the faulty car exactly repeats the trajectory of the leading car.
The distance between cars should not be more than 4 m.
Transportation of passengers in a towed car (bus, car body) is prohibited.

IMPORTANT! Towing vehicles with faulty steering and brake system failure is not permissible.

Partial loading

The method is rare in everyday life, but it is necessary to mention its limitations. The list of rules for applying the method, in addition to the main ones, includes:

it is prohibited to transport citizens in the back or in the cab of the towed car, including the driver;
transportation of the machine with a faulty brake is excluded.

IMPORTANT! Towing using the partial loading method is allowed if the car has a faulty steering system, which is unacceptable for transporting a car on a flexible and rigid clutch.

Nuances of towing with automatic transmission

It should be remembered that for a car with automatic transmission, towing with an inoperative engine is excluded, since when it stops working, it will stop functioning and oil engine, accordingly, the transmission parts will not receive lubrication. This can lead to a completely defective unit.

put the gearbox in position N - neutral;
unlock the steering wheel;
speed - no more than 50 km / h;
the recommended towing distance is no more than 50 km.

If a car with automatic transmission acts as a leading car, you should adhere to the following rules:

the mass of the transported vehicle must be greater than or equal to the mass of the second vehicle;
speed - no more than 40 km / h;
the optimal position of the gearbox is 2 or 3;
smooth running of the car, without jerking.

IMPORTANT! It is best to tow a car with an automatic transmission on a specialized transport - a tow truck, in extreme cases, use a rigid hitch.

On the video about towing vehicles

When towing is not allowed

According to the traffic rules, transportation of the car using another means of transportation is prohibited in the following cases:

malfunction of the steering;
towing of 2 or more cars;
icy roads;
a motorcycle without a sidecar must not be towed with a flexible coupling.

IMPORTANT! Violation of the rules entails a fine of 500 rubles.

The towing of the car takes place in accordance with the regulations prescribed by the traffic rules. In the process, you should strictly follow all the requirements and remember about safety. Only in this case the probability of an error will be reduced to zero, as well as the risk of an emergency.

They say that you should not think about the bad, but you should always be ready for this bad. This is especially true for drivers, because driving a car is an activity that involves a fairly high degree of risk. And if the car is capricious, and the happened breakdown does not allow you to get to the nearest service station on your own, then a tug in the person of a motorist brother will come to your aid.

If we consider the issue of towing from the point of view of complexity, then this is not the easiest task, but also not the most difficult. However, there are always nuances that can ruin the situation. And in order not to spill the tea of \u200b\u200bsurprise on the keyboard of the regularity of your life, we invite you to learn the basic rules of towing a car.

First, calculate your strength

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There are three types of towing: rigid towing, flexible towing, partial loading and full loading. In this article, we will look at the rules related to the first two types of towing, because they can cause certain difficulties for inexperienced drivers.

Flexible solution of the coupling of the same name

Let's simulate the situation right away, taking as a basis the worst case scenario - towing a car with an inoperative engine. In this case, the drivers of vehicles towed and towed should coordinate their further movements, because an accident is a predator that loves to feast on the participants in towing.

Distance between vehicles when towing on a rigid hitch

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The driver of the towed car should be especially careful, because in the event of an accident, as a rule, he will be the culprit.

Do not forget that the brakes and steering boosters do not work on a towed vehicle with the engine turned off, which significantly complicates vehicle control.

If you do not have a rigid hitch at your disposal, you can use a tow rope, the length of which should be 4-6 meters. Both too long and too short a cable is bad, because if the distance between cars is less than 4 meters, then the automatic ones increase the likelihood of a collision, and if the grip is too long, it will significantly complicate cornering maneuvers.

Distance between vehicles when towing on a flexible hitch

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The towing cable must be secured exclusively in the places that are intended for this. Never rely on your bumper or tie rods to withstand this test. In addition, the "tie", as drivers call the towing cable, must be equipped with red flags, placing them a meter apart. You are unlikely to find in the store models of cables with flags, therefore, the fastest way, you will need to take care of this yourself.

Modern towing ropes began to be equipped with flags

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If you decide to ignore this rule, remember that the tow rope can get dirty and will simply not be visible at night. Other drivers will definitely try to squeeze between the towing vehicle and the vehicle being towed, and this can turn into big trouble.

Lights when towing

The driver of the towed vehicle must insert the key into the ignition switch before moving off. Otherwise steering wheel during towing, it can be blocked, and then an accident cannot be avoided. The gear shift lever must be in the neutral position.

Try to keep the tow rope from sagging

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Before starting the movement, turn on the "emergency light", if it is faulty, make sure that an emergency stop sign is attached to the rear of the car. If you are "dragged" in the dark or in a tunnel, then turn on the side lights. But the towing car, according to traffic rules, must turn on the dipped beam.

Many drivers of towing vehicles also include emergency lights. There is a certain reason for this, but it is still not worth doing this. This is because it can be confusing for other road users who may not see signals indicating an intention to change lane or make a turn.

Movement while towing

If you are driving a towing car, then remember that you need to get under way as smoothly as possible, without sudden accelerations and jerks. It is also necessary to carry out rebuilding and braking slowly.

The tow rope must be attached to special devices.

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The traffic rules clearly state maximum speed towing movement - no more than 50 km / h. If you are a literal expert, you can “devour” this letter of the law, but we still advise you not to reach speeds above 35-40 km / h. As the saying goes, God writes out an insurance policy for those who are careful. Plus, towing isn't the Monaco Grand Prix.

During the movement, the driver of the tug should change gears as quickly as possible and smoothly use the clutch to avoid jerking and sagging of the tow rope. In this case, the engine must run at increased speed.

In the process of towing, the load on the engine and gearbox increases significantly, therefore the tug driver needs to be extremely careful about how much the coolant has heated up.

The most important task of the driver of the towed vehicle is to keep the cable taut at all times. This is achieved by continuous braking.

It is better to tow cars with automatic transmission by the method of full or partial loading.

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When towing is prohibited

There are situations when traffic rules prohibit towing, and there are times when it is better to refuse it voluntarily due to the circumstances.

Towing is prohibited if:

● there is a sign "Traffic with a trailer is prohibited", which applies to towed cars;
● the actual weight of the towed vehicle is 50% more than the weight of the tug;
● the towed vehicle has a faulty steering (in this case, towing using the partial or full load method);
● the distance between vehicles on a rigid hitch is more than 4 meters;
● the distance between vehicles on a flexible hitch is less than 4 meters and more than 6 meters;
● towing is prohibited on ice.

Experience shows that traffic police officers are very rarely punished for such violations, but still do not forget that all traffic rules were once written in the blood of those who have been in an accident. That is why compliance with them is primarily your interest.

It is undesirable to tow a car with an automatic transmission, because the "automatic" does not like this very much and can easily fail. If you have no other choice, then stick to the "50 to 50" rule - tow the car at a distance of no more than 50 km and at a speed not exceeding 50 km / h.

We wish you never to be in the place of the towed one, but at the same time never refuse to be in the role of the towing one, because tomorrow you may need help already.

20. TOWING OF POWER-DRIVEN VEHICLES

Reader A:This means that the requirements of this section do not apply, for example, to cases of driving with a trailer.

Towing on a rigid or flexible hitch should be carried out only with the driver behind the wheel of the towed vehicle, unless the design of the rigid hitch ensures that straight motion following the towed vehicle along the trajectory of the towing vehicle.

Reader B:Here we are talking about two methods of towing motor vehicles. Which one is preferable?

Reader A:But we will not carry such a barbell with us in a car. Drivers passenger cars more often use towing on a flexible hitch (fig. 211). They need to have a special cable, rope or tape in the trunk, on which, every meter, red flags with white diagonal stripes are fixed.

Towing with a flexible hitch requires coherence from the drivers of both vehicles. Therefore, agree on stop signals, speed reduction and other maneuvers before driving. For this, drivers usually use gestures and light signals.

If you are towing a car on a flexible hitch, then move off smoothly, while driving, avoid jerking, which can lead to a breakage of the link.

If your vehicle is being towed, try to keep the link taut, do not let it touch the road.

Reader A:And of course, it is necessary to designate such transport. On the towing vehicle (tractor), turn on the dipped headlights or fog lights, and on the towed vehicle - hazard warning lights.

Reader B:And if alarm is faulty, then an emergency stop sign is attached to the towed car behind.

When towing on a flexible or rigid hitch, it is prohibited to transport people in a towed bus, trolleybus and in the body of a towed truck, and when towing by partial loading - finding people in the cab or body of the towed vehicle, as well as in the body of the towing vehicle.

With this method, the front or rear wheels of the car are raised above the road. special device or placed in the body of the towing vehicle (Fig. 212). In this case, the presence of people in the towed vehicle and in the body of the towing vehicle is prohibited.

Reader A:This is understandable. A vehicle towed in this way has a significant longitudinal tilt, it is inconvenient to sit in it, not that to go there. Well, it is generally dangerous to be in the back of a towing vehicle. Can be crushed by shifted wheels of towed vehicles.

When towing on a flexible hitch, the distance between the towing and towing vehicles must be within 4-m, and when towing on a rigid hitch - no more than 4 m.

Towing is prohibited:

vehicles with no steering control * (towing by partial loading is allowed);

two or more vehicles;

vehicles with an inoperative braking system, if their actual mass is more than half of the actual mass of the towing vehicle. With a lower actual mass, towing of such vehicles is allowed only on a rigid hitch or by partial loading;

motorcycles without a side trailer, as well as such motorcycles;

in ice on a flexible hitch.

Reader B:If the steering or brakes don't work, what kind of towing with a flexible hitch.

When inactive brake system towing on a rigid hitch or by partial loading of a faulty machine is allowed. When doing so, pay attention to the notes on the ratio of the actual towed and towed vehicle weights.

Reader A:This paragraph says about the prohibition of towing two or more vehicles. Do you mean mechanical?

Yes, here we are only talking about towing motor vehicles (Fig. 213).

Reader B:Then everything is clear: motorcycles cannot be towed without a sidecar and cannot be towed with them, since they are unstable. Reader A:Well, in icy conditions, towing on a flexible hitch is prohibited due to the fact that there may be asphalt under the tractor, and ice under the towed car. The tractor will stop, and the towed vehicle will continue to move on the ice.

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