Safety requirements when towing, coupling and crawling cars or car and trailer (semi-trailer). Rules towing vehicles restrictions of this method

For labor protection when towing and cutting cars or car and trailer (semi-trailer)

1. Introduction.

1.1. This instruction regulates the basic safety requirements when towing, coupling and extinguishing, car or car and trailer (semi-trailer).

1.2. The driver or a specially appointed person when performing the work on towing, coupling and drawing should:

  • comply with the requirements of this instruction;
  • know and be able to provide the first medical care victim.

Noticing a violation of security requirements by another employee, to prevent him about the need to comply with them.

2. General safety requirements.

2.1. Drivers or specially designated persons who have received introductory instructions and primary briefing in the workplace on labor protection and work trained in safe workshop are allowed to towing, hitch.

2.2. An employee who has not passed in a timely manner of labor protection in a timely manner (no less often 1 time in 3 months) should not start work.

2.3. When towing, coupling and drawing, it is necessary to be attentive, not distracted by foreign affairs and talk.

2.4. When towing, coupling and drawing, you need to know and remember that accidents most often can occur when:

  • work with an unreliable inhibited car, trailer, semi-trailer;
  • finding an employee between a towing car with a working engine and a trailer or towed car during a coupling or disabled;
  • use of random items as a tug and shut-off;
  • inconsistent actions of drivers towing and towed cars.

2.5. For non-fulfillment of the requirements of the instruction, an employee, producing towing, the coupling of a car or car and the trailer (semi-trailer) is responsible, according to the current legislation.

3. Security pays before work.

3.1. Before starting the work, the driver, making a towing, coupling, should be drawn:

  • remove from unauthorized persons;
  • check the serviceability of trailers, (semi-trailers) of their towing devices, the presence and health of fixtures and tools.

4. Security requirements during operation.

4.1. Before the coupling and crawl of the car and the trailer (semi-trailer), the driver is obliged to put on the parking brake, if available, the trailer (semi-trailer) and put the anti-collective stops under the wheels.

4.2. During the supply of a car - a tractor to the trailed transport facility is prohibited from finding people between this vehicle and moving car. The driver must make sure that.

4.3. The coupling or exaggeration should be made on a flat horizontal surface, and the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer semi-trailer must coincide with the longitudinal axis of the tractor car.

4.4. The coupling of the road train, consisting of a car and two and more trailers, should produce three people - the driver, a person who produces a coupling and a person coordinating their work. In exceptional cases (long-distance flights, removal of agricultural products from fields, etc.) the hitch is allowed to produce one driver.

4.5. Before the trailer coupling (semi-trailer), the driver must make sure that:

  • connecting hoses and wires do not interfere with the coupling;
  • board closed;
  • saddle-hitch, kkvelen and their mounts are good;
  • the front part of the semi-trailer in height is located in such a way that the front edge of the support sheet falls on the sled or on the saddle.

4.6. With a coupling or exaggeration, the trailer drawn, which does not have retaining springs, should be installed on a rack that protects it from falling.

4.7. The driver is dismissed the trailer or semi-trailer and remove the stops, from under the wheels, is allowed only after the end of the hitch.

4.8. Before the harpping or extinguction will become between the car and the trailer, the car driver must brake his car parking brake, Load the engine and put the gear lever (controller) to the neutral position.

4.10. Towing a car on a rigid or flexible coupling should be carried out in the presence of a driver driving a towed vehicle, except when the rigid hitch design provides with a straightforward movement following the touched vehicle

4.11. Car towing is allowed to exercise on a rigid and flexible coupling.

4.12. Speed \u200b\u200bwhen towing cars should not exceed 50 km / h.

4.13. When towing using a flexible or rigid coupling behind the wheel of a towed vehicle, a driver must be, except when the rigid clutch design provides a touched vehicle tugging.

4.14. When towing on a rigid coupling, the towed car must be regular steering, and when towing on flexible - steering and brakes. The driver must make sure that.

4.15. The driver must provide a distance between vehicles with a rigid coupling no more than 4 meters, and with a flexible coupling within 4-6 meters.

4.16. With a flexible coupling, the tug through each meter is indicated by the driver of the signal shields or flags in accordance with the rules road.

4.17. Driver is prohibited to tow the mechanical vehicles:

  • on a flexible coupling in the Hollyeditsa;
  • two or more, at the same time;
  • with invalid brake systemif their actual mass of more than half of the actual mass of the towing vehicle.

4.18. With a smaller actual mass towing such vehicle It is allowed only on a rigid coupling or partial loading method.

4.19. When towing mechanical vehicles, in the bright time of the day on a towing vehicle, the driver must include the Middle Light of the headlights, and on the towed, at any time of the day - parking lights and emergency alarm.

4.20. When towing on a flexible or rigid clutch, the driver is prohibited - transportation of people in a towed bus, trolleybus and in the body towed truck, and when towing by partial loading - finding people in the cockpit or body towed vehicle, as well as in the body of towing.

Coupling, car crawling

Instruction

labor protection when towing, coupling, car crawl

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. This Instruction regulates the basic safety requirements when towing, coupling and caring cars or car and trailer (semi-trailer).

1.2. The driver or a specially appointed person when tugging, coupling and a car or car and the trailer (semi-trailer) must:

know and be able to render promptual help victim in accordance with the instructions for rendering assistance in accidents;

Noticing a violation of security requirements by another employee, to prevent him about the need to comply with them.

2. General safety requirements

2.1. Drivers or specially designated persons who have received introductory instructions and primary instructions in the workplace on labor protection and work-trained in safe workshop are allowed to towing, coupling and drawing cars or car.

2.2. An employee who has not passed in a timely manner of labor protection in a timely manner (no less often 1 time in 6 months) should not start work.

2.3. When towing, coupling and drawing, it is necessary to be attentive, not distracted by foreign affairs and talk.

2.4. When towing, coupling and drawing, you need to know and remember that accidents most often can occur when:

work with an unreliable inhibited car, trailer, semi-trailer;

finding an employee between a towing car with a working engine and a trailer or towed car during a hitch or disabled;

use of random items as a tug;

inconsistent actions of drivers towing and towed cars.

2.5. For non-compliance with the requirements of the instruction developed on the basis of this typical instruction, an employee producing towing, coupling, a car or car and the trailer (semi-trailer) is responsible in accordance with the current legislation.

3. Security requirements before starting work

3.1. Before starting work, an employee, making towing, coupling, a car or car and the trailer (semi-trailer), must:

check the health of trailers (semi-trailers), their towing devices, the presence and health of fixtures and tools;

remove unauthorized persons from the work area.

4. Safety requirements while working

4.1. In front of the coupling and crawl of the car and the trailer (semi-trailer), the latter must be braked by the parking brake, put the anti-tetting stops under the wheels.

4.2. During the supply of a vehicle-tractor to the trailed vehicle, the finding of people between this vehicle and a moving car are prohibited.

4.3. The coupling or exaggeration should be made on a flat horizontal surface, and the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer semi-trailer must coincide with the longitudinal axis of the car-tractor.

4.4. The coupling of the road train consisting of a car and two or more trailers should produce three people - the driver, a person who produces a coupling, and a person coordinating their work.

In exceptional cases (long-distance flights, etc.) the hitch is allowed to produce one driver.

4.5. Before the trailer coupling (semi-trailer), the driver must make sure that:

If the accident occurred with the employee himself, he should, if possible, contact the health center, inform about the incident of the enterprise administration or ask to make it anyone from others.

6. Safety requirements at the end of work

6.1. At the end of work.

Ministry of Marine Fleet of the USSR

Instruction
to ensure the safety of marine towing
ships and other floating structures


Lost strength from September 1, 1996 on the basis of
letters of Rosmorflut of July 8, 1996 N MF-35/1921
____________________________________________________________________

The purpose of the instruction is to improve the organization of towing sea floating objects.

The instruction contains the basic requirements for organizing and ensuring the safety of marine and ocean expeditioning towing work.

This instruction applies to all participants in the towing expedition regardless of their departmental affiliation, as well as on persons supervising the safety of the navigation (shipping company's seafarer service, seaport captains).

1. General part

1. In order to ensure the safety of the long-range marine and ocean towing:

a) All distant sea and ocean tows are carried out only by life-towing courts. The use of transportation vessels with such towings is allowed in exceptional cases in the absence of towing vessels of the corresponding capacity;

b) in all cases, the planning and organization of distant naval and ocean towing is coordinated with the C / O "Sovvudoptack" *;
________________

* Functions in / o "Sovsudopodno-block" are transferred to / about "navigation".

c) Control over the organization and conducting the above towings is assigned to the C / O "Sovsudoptack" *.

2. Depending on the complexity of towing, determined by the transition range, constructive features An object of towing, its size and condition, marine towing can be carried out:

a) on the tug of a special towing vessel;

b) by organizing a special expedition from several vessels;

c) on the tug of a transport vessel.

The need to organize a special expedition from several vessels is determined by the management of the E / O aspect or the shipping company's shipping company, which is assigned towing.

3. Management of the organization and preparation of the expedition to maritime towing, its holding is assigned to the boss expeditionary detachment ASPTR or shipping company's shipping company, which is charged towing.

Their obligations include:

a) the coordination of the readiness of the towed object and towers, as well as the start of towing taking into account the most favorable range;

b) control over the preparation of towers in the time limit;

c) providing good technical status ships and towingers;

d) staffing vessels-towers by experienced crews;

e) the briefing of the head of the expedition (captain of the main towing trainer);

(e) Ensuring the necessary supply of shipboards.

4. The owner of the towed facility provides timely and high-quality training of the facility to towing, its technical condition, staffing the crew (if necessary), fulfill all the requirements of the USSR Register, Whale, Porthortsor, sanitary bodies and representatives of the organization that carries, necessary and high-quality supply and Registration of all required documentation.

Everything required documentsallowing the attachment of the object must be the owner in a timely manner of the expedition (captain of the main tug).

5. The head of the expedition (captain of the towing vessel) is appointed from among the most experienced captains.

6. Upon receipt of a task or application for towing E / about ASPTR (in cases where the towing driver is a transport vessel - the shipping site of the shipping company) is developing a "transition plan" and "safety instructions marine towing"." The Transition Plan "and" instruction is approved by the head of E / O aspect, and when towing a transport vessel - Deputy Head of Marketing Shipping Company.

7. The transition plan should provide:

a) the names of the vessels and towers, their power, the speed of each vessel in the ballast and the planned speed of towing with the object;

b) the route of transition and distance along the route with the object and in Ballast;

c) port ports (including replenishment ports of replenishment) and asylum ports;

d) checkouts of exit from the port of departure and coming to the port of destination, as well as access to intermediate ports;

e) the calculation of the running and parking time.

8. Instructions for ensuring the safety of maritime towing are compiled on the basis of the Distribution and Requirements of the USSR Register. Its implementation is mandatory for all participants in towing.

Marine towing security instructions should include:

a) a list of technical and operational requirements for towed objects and towing vessels providing towing;

b) list of requirements for towing towers;

c) list of requirements for towing, anchor, rescue, fire-fighting, etc. devices of the towed object;

d) overall characteristics marine qualities of the towed object, its features and recommendations for its towing under different weather conditions;

e) requirements for the organization of ship service;

and) requirements for special equipment and supply;

k) requirements for the organization of the navigator service and special observations of the condition and behavior of the towed object;

l) the procedure for the movement of ships and the organization of communications of the courts among themselves, as well as the order of radio recordings;

m) the order of exit and entering the ports and the procedure for the passage of narrowness, as well as swimming in a storm and poor visibility;

h) The procedure for filing, returning and fastening towing cables in case of a tug cliff.

In addition to the manual at towing, the head of the expedition (the captain of the main towing driver) receives additional instructions in the E / O Aspect and the shipping shipping company according to the features of this towing.

II. Preparation of the towed object and ship-towing

9. Preparation of an object designed to be towed is made by its owner on the basis of the developed project of the distillation of this object and agreed by the Inspectorate of the Sea Register of the USSR, which, after examining the facility, gives its conclusion about its suitability to towing.

10. The owner of the towed facility presents together with the application also a developed project for the location of the object (the project of the converter, calculation and the project of a towing device, the project of reinforcement of vessels of vessels with limited seaworthiness, a project of a device that reduces water resistance, etc.). An organization that carries out the right if necessary to require additional technical documentation from the owner of the object, as well as for security reasons, it has the right to exhibit reasonable additional requirements for individual devices and equipment on the towed facility.

11. The main towing must be seamless with the capacity of machines that provides a reserve for at least 15% against the calculated one, i.e. Traction effort for planned tug speed.

All vessels - towing must have good nautical qualities, correspond to the diving area, according to the documents of the USSR register.

12. The main towers (when the transport vessel is) is presented to the inspection by the inspection of the USSR register for verification of its technical condition and suitability for towing.

13. To ensure the survivability of the towed object, the distillation project should be provided for the emergency and inventory and inventory, coordinated with the inspection of the USSR register and the organizing the towing.

The head of the expedition (captain of the main tug) before the start of towing checks the presence of this property on the towing object.

The exit to the sea without the presence of the property listed in the table and is not allowed.

14. A towing vessel, auxiliary vessels and towed object before entering the sea must receive a complete stock of fuel, boiler room and drinking water, as well as food reserves and suppliesproviding the transition to the port of destination or the port of enter if it is provided by the plan.

An organization that carries out in advance provides applications for hydrometeorological service of the expedition on the route of transition, on the bunker and supply, as well as, if necessary, on the right of entering ports, according to the transition plan.

15. The main towers and accessories must be provided with a complete set of corrected maps and navigation manuals on the transition route. All navigation and electrically navigation devices must be in complete condition and are subject to careful check immediately before entering the sea.

The list of necessary navigation instruments and benefits for the towed object is established by the organization by towing. With all cases of marine towing on a towed object, at least the general maps on the transition and gasket tool should be.

16. All expeditions should be equipped with far radio communications in accordance with the requirements of the rules of the USSR register. In addition, on all expedition vessels, including the towed object, the low-speed radiotelephone equipment is established (VHF type).

17. All vessels participating in the towing, including the towed object, must have a book of an international signal arch and be equipped with a visual connection with the two sets of flags of the international signals, semaphore flags, warning lamps, spotlights and cloth lamps.

Exceptions are allowed only for towing for small distances within the same sea, with the types of visual communications funds are established by the organization by towing. Regardless of the character of towing, flaple, semaphore and light alarms should be provided.

18. Courts-tow-tugs with long-range towing should be supplied with towing cables in length according to the project on this towing.

On ships, towing people should be two sets of towing cables.

Spare towing cables should be equivalent to the main one.

When towing, when a towing cable is applied not to a towing winch, the cable must be marked.

All towing cables must be certificates, as well as cables must have a corresponding margin of safety.

19. All tugboards should be in sufficient vegetable, synthetic or steel cables for use as conductor cables, as well as other equipment required for tugging in the open sea.

20. When conducting distant ocean tows of docks and other large floating structures on the main tug for high-quality and operational weather forecasting on the transition route to the expedition, a synoptic group with equipped fax equipment is included.

The need to install facsimile equipment and staffing of the expedition by the synoptic group is determined by the organizing that carries out.

21. To perform maritime towing, a contract must be concluded between the owner of the towed object and the organization that carries out. Samples of towing contracts are attached *.
________________
* Samples in the collection are not given.

III. Towing

22. The head of the expedition (the captain of the main towing driver) is subject to the captain (commander) of the towed object and the captains of all vessels participating in the towing. In the absence of the head of the expedition, the Captain of the Ship-towway is used by its rights.

23. Head of the Expedition (captain of the towing) before the exit to the sea is obliged to:

a) carefully familiarize themselves with the constructive features of the towed object and its technical condition;

b) know the transition plan and explore the manual on towing;

c) with the captains of all expedition vessels and with all the attachment of the main attachment to work the route of the transition, its features in order to choose the most favorable way to follow and perform the preliminary gasket;

d) familiarize yourself with the hydrometeorological conditions of swimming;

e) know the width of the territorial waters of foreign states on the route following the route, the rules of swimming and stay in them; familiarize yourself with the characteristics, features and customs of entering asylum ports;

(e) Examine the rules of swimming with the straits and channels by the seas of the expedition.

24. Head of the Expedition (Captain of the main tug) Before entering the sea, it is obliged to personally familiarize the team composition of the courts participating in the expedition, with the "transition plan", relevant instructions and instructions developed by him, as well as give oral instructions on all the necessary issues of marine practice, shipping and the organization of the ship service for the period of the flight.

25. The captains of all courts of expedition written reports report the head of the expedition (the captain of the main tug) on \u200b\u200bthe willingness of his ship to flight indicating:

a) the readiness of a towing, anchor, rescue, etc. devices and means;

b) the health of waterfront, firefighters and other systems;

c) the health of the main machines and mechanisms;

d) availability of fuel, water, technical, emergency and domestic supply;

e) availability and quality of food reserves and inviolable stock;

e) availability complete set Corrected maps, locations and other navigation and electrical navigation benefits;

g) the health of navigation and electrical navigation devices and all means of communication;

The head of the expedition (the captain of the main tug) personally checks the readiness of the courts towards towing and special attention should be paid to the health and willingness of the entire towing device.

The acceptance of the object to towing is drawn up with an act of the commission appointed by the head of the expedition, together with the owner of the attached object or the captain of the towed object.

26. Throughout the towing, the head of the expedition (the captain of the main towing) in terms of the organization of the ship service and ensures the security of the sailing is guided by the "Charter of the Service on the courts of the Ministry of Marine Fleet of the USSR", "Rules for the Warning of Collision of Ships in the Sea", "Rules technical exploitation MMF ships "and towing instructions, CTM USSR, the conditions of a towing contract.

27. If the towing is performed through foreign water, the head of the expedition (the captain of the main towing driver) should know the name of firms that will be agged by the courts in the following way.

In all cases of difficulties in relations with foreign authorities, the head of the expedition (the captain of the main towing train) should be applied to representatives: Morflot, TSSR, Consulates of the USSR, the USSR Embassies (in cases affecting the political interests of the Soviet state), mixed Soviet-foreign agent companies, As well as foreign maritime firms (agents), an agent of Soviet vessels, representatives of Ingosstrakh or mutual insurance club, if the vessel was insured on this risk.

Note. Under the representatives of Morflot are understood by the Deputy Traffic on Transport, the Commissioner of MMF, the representative of the MMF, the representative of the Marine Shipping Company, the representative of the Sovinflot, the heads of the agencies.

In the absence of B. this place Listed organizations and persons, the head of the expedition should be on the issue to whom he should seek assistance to request recommendations from the shipowner.

28. The Head of the Expedition (the Captain of the Main Towder) has the right and is obliged to detain the exit of ships to the sea from the port in case of receiving an unfavorable weather forecast.

29. Local tugs and pilots can be used to pass by narrowness and channels, if there is a need.

In those places where the pilot wiring is obligatory, the challenge of pilots should be made in advance, and the courts should expect the arrival of Lotsmanov in safe placewithout entering the area of \u200b\u200bmandatory wiring.

30. Parking in intermediate ports and places of sludge should be used to inspect the status of a towing device, towed object, towing vessels and eliminate all detected defects.

Without eliminating detected faults, further towing is not allowed.

In addition to inspections in ports and places of slope, it should be used to use all the possibility of inspection of an object, a towing device, especially before the onset and after storm weather, before entering the straits, channels, frequency, before going to the ocean, etc.

31. During an anchor parking and when lying in a drift at night and bad visibility, special measures should be taken to appeal the attention of approaching courts in order to prevent collisions and Navalov.

32. In cases where the expedition will be covered with a storm in the open sea, the head of the expedition (the captain of the main towing) is obliged to take all precautions recommended in such cases of good maritime practice and, first of all, reduce the move, increase the length of towing cables, go to The most favorable course for the towed object is relative to the wind and the wave or to follow the shelter points or place of shelter.

33. All operational radio recordings relating to the work of the expedition is transferred by the signature of the Expedition Head (the Captain of the Main Towder).

34. Head of the Expedition (Captain of the Main Tug) reports to the addresses: shipping companies, e / about aspter (according to accessories), in / o "Sovsudoptack", control of the HMS, providing the transition, the owner of the towed object:

a) dates, time of exit and arrival in the ports;

b) the estimated time approach to ports, sheds, channels;

c) daily at 08 and 18 hours. Moscow time coordinates, speed and course, weather conditions, the state of all vessels and towed object.

For 18 o'clock. Additionally, the balance of reserves (fuel, water) and the distance traveled during the day.

In case of unfavorable weather, as well as in the event of an emergency, current information on the position, condition and coordinates of the courts are given every four hours. In case of deviation from the planned "transition plan", the head of the expedition (the captain of the main tug) must inform about the reasons for changing the plan and on its further intentions.

All supplied information should be brief but accurate and understandable.

35. The gasket and the number of the vessel path must be carried out on all vessels participating in the attachment of the object.

The main number is considered to be the number of the main tug, which are guided by all other vessels.

If there is no number on the towing object, in this case the watched commanding composition inflicts the coordinate navigation cards communicated from the main tug.

36. In cases where to assist courts and people who endure disaster in the sea, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Caravan Movement, the head of the expedition (the captain of the main towing train) is obliged to coordinate with the / O "Sovsudopodkin" and the shipping company's shipping company or E / about aspter to proceed assistance, previously secured the security of the towed object.

37. Along with the requirements set out in the instructions, all expedition members must use the recommendations of good marine practice.

Electronic document text
prepared CJSC Codex and drilled by:
"Collection of regulatory acts about transport"
M., Legal Literature 1983, Part 2

Instructions for labor protection when towing and cutting cars or car and trailer (semi-trailer)

Safety technique

1. Introduction

1.1. This Instruction regulates the basic safety requirements when towing, coupling and caring cars or car and trailer (semi-trailer).

1.2. The driver or a specially appointed person when tugging, coupling and a car or car and the trailer (semi-trailer) must:

  • comply with the requirements of labor protection instructions developed on the basis of this typical instruction;
  • know and be able to assist a trial assistance to the victim in accordance with the "Instructions for Proponial Assistance in Accidents";
  • to comply with the instructions of the representative of the Joint Committee (Commission) on labor protection or an authorized (trusted) person on labor protection of the trade union committee.

Noticing a violation of security requirements by another employee, to prevent him about the need to comply with them.

2. General safety requirements

2.1. Drivers or specially designated persons who have received introductory instructions and primary instructions in the workplace on labor protection and work-trained in safe workshop are allowed to towing, coupling and drawing cars or car.

2.2. An employee who has not passed a timely re-briefing on labor protection (at least 1 time in 3 months) should not start work.

2.3. When towing, coupling and drawing, it is necessary to be attentive, not distracted by foreign affairs and talk.

2.4. When towing, coupling and drawing, you need to know and remember that accidents most often can occur when:

  • work with an unreliable inhibited car, trailer, semi-trailer;
  • finding an employee between a towing car with a working engine and a trailer or towed car during a hitch or disabled;
  • use of random items as a tug;
  • inconsistent actions of drivers towing and towed cars.

2.5. For non-compliance with the requirements of the instruction developed on the basis of this typical instruction, an employee, producing towing, coupling, a car or car and the trailer (semi-trailer), is responsible in accordance with the current legislation.

3. Security requirements before starting work

3.1. Before starting work, an employee producing towing, coupling, a car or car and the trailer (semi-trailer), must:

  • check the health of trailers (semi-trailers), their towing devices, the presence and health of fixtures and tools;
  • remove unauthorized persons from the work area.

4. Safety requirements while working

4.1. In front of the coupling and crawl of the car and the trailer (semi-trailer), the latter must be braked by the parking brake, put the anti-tetting stops under the wheels.

4.2. During the supply of a car - a tractor to the trailed transport facility is prohibited from finding people between this vehicle and moving car.

4.3. The coupling or exaggeration should be made on a flat horizontal surface, and the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer semi-trailer must coincide with the longitudinal axis of the car-tractor.

4.4. The coupling of the road train consisting of a car and two or more trailers should produce three people - the driver, a person who produces a coupling, and a person coordinating their work.

In exceptional cases (long-distance flights, exporting agricultural products from fields, etc.) the coupling is allowed to produce one driver.

4.5. Before the trailer coupling (semi-trailer), the driver must make sure that:

connecting hoses and electric pipes do not interfere with the coupling;

  • board closed;
  • sadelno - a coupling device, kkvorn and their fastenings are good;
  • the front part of the semi-trailer in height is located in such a way that the front edge of the support sheet falls on the sled or on the saddle.

4.6. With a coupling or disbel, the trailer is drawn, which does not have retaining springs, should be installed on a rack that protects it from falling.

4.7. Returning the trailer or semi-trailer and remove the stops from under the wheels only after the end of the hitch.

4.8. Before the coupling or crawler installs between the car and the trailer, the car driver should slow down its car in the parking brake, drown out the engine and put the gear lever (controller) to the neutral position.

4.10. Towing a car on a rigid or flexible coupling should be carried out in the presence of a driver behind the wheel of the towed vehicle, except when the rigid coupling design provides with a straight-line movement following the towed vehicle along the trajectory of the towing.

4.11. When towing on a flexible coupling, the distance between towing and towed vehicles within 4 - 6 m should be ensured, and when towing on a rigid coupling is not more than 4 m.

4.12. Towing is prohibited:

  • vehicles that do not work steering (allowed by towing a partial loading method);
  • two or more vehicles;
  • vehicles with an inactive brake system, if their actual mass of more than half of the actual mass of the towing vehicle. At a smaller actual mass, the towing of such vehicles is allowed only on a rigid coupling or partial loading method;
  • in Hollyeditsa on a flexible coupling.

4.13. When towing on a flexible or rigid clutch, it is forbidden to find people in a towed bus, in the body of a towed truck.

When towing by partial loading, it is forbidden to find people in the cabin or the body of a towed car, as well as in the body of a towing car.

4.14. When towing on a flexible coupling, it is forbidden to pull the cable with jerks. It is forbidden to find people closer than 6 m from the tensioned cable.

4.15. Towing metal cables must have at the ends of the loop with a special sealing.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. About every accident, an eyewitness of which he was, the employee must immediately inform the administration of the enterprise, and the victim to provide the first prefiguration assistance, call a doctor, to help deliver the victim to a healthy or the nearest medical institution.

If the accident occurred with the employee himself, he should, if possible, contact the health center, inform about the incident of the enterprise administration or ask to make it anyone from others.

6. Safety requirements at the end of work

6.1. At the end of work:

6.1.1. Remove devices, tool in the place allotted for it.

6.1.2. Wash hands with soap.

6.1.3. On all the shortcomings discovered during work, notify your direct supervisor.

See other articles section.

Not all drivers are familiar with the rules of towing vehicles: in the driving schools this section is given enough time, and in practice, not many have experienced themselves as a driver towing or towed vehicles.

In a real road situation, the lack of theoretical and practical knowledge causes certain difficulties.

In this article, consider the main points of the car towing.

Towing is prohibited / permitted

Let's start with the fact that the PPD is prohibited to tow the vehicle:

Penalty for violation of the rules of towing a car in 2019 will be 500 rubles. This, of course, is a bit, but the collision of the "slave" and the "leading" vehicles of positive emotions does not cause.

And what about helping the car enthusiast in trouble?

In addition to the transport itself, the corresponding state of the flexible coupling is also. It should be a whole, not having damage and scuff, loops and carbines for fastening should be good.

The length of the cable is at least 4 and no more than 5 meters.If he is shorter, then the chance of the second car to enter the front seeks to one hundred percent, and if longer than the car traveling to the back will strongly deviate from the trajectory of movement.

Fal must have warning shields or flags. These are devices with diagonally drawn reflective white and red stripes. If there are no - you can use pieces of red fabric.

Modern steel cables are made of colored threads: white, blue, red and others, some of which are covered with a retroreflective composition. That is, modern fals themselves are warning devices.

Lastly, towing hooks and earrings are checked.

According to changes in traffic rules of 04.04.2017, the driver of the towing vehicle must have at least two years of driving experience.

Types of towing

In our country flexible coupling It is still more common than tough, and in Western countries everything is completely different. Next, consider the features of each of them.

Video: towing mechanical vehicles

The most common, but at the same time, the most dangerous appearance. It is popular due to the fact that the cable enters the vehicle along with the first-aid kit and a fire extinguisher as a mandatory kit.

With the help of special fasteners, the pallets clings to the back of the towing agent and for the front scratch towed. But this method has a number of restrictions:

  1. Driver must necessarily be behind the wheel of the towed vehicle.
  2. Distance between two cars - in the range from 4 to 6 meters.
  3. Installation of reflective signs on towing cable is required.
  4. Transportation of passengers in tow transport is prohibited (except for passenger cars).

If there is no special cable at hand, you can use a piece of parachute or durable cord. How in this case tie a cable? It is recommended to use one of several nodes: a simple half-hinged, arglessing (Bulin), Eskimo or special towing.

One end of the flight to the left eye of the "leading" transport, the second - to the right "slave". This improves the review of the driver of the towed car.

Tugging of transport is carried out using fixed, mainly metal, special devices. They can have a different design and several attachment points.

The simplest - to each car are fixed only in one place. At several points, more complex structures are fixed, which allow the towed car to move on the direct portion of the road on one trajectory with towing.

This method is rarely used, since few motorists constantly carry a cumbersome hard coupling. Although it has a number of significant advantages and allows you to move more severe vehicles.

Restrictions this method:

  1. Driving the "slave" car should be the driver except straight movementWhen the coupling design allows transport to save a given trajectory.
  2. The distance between vehicles should not exceed four meters.
  3. Transportation of passengers in tow transport is prohibited (car body, trolleybus, bus, etc.).
  4. Transportation of a car with a faulty brake system is prohibited, except when the mass of the towed transport is 50% less than the mass of the towing.

Partial loading method

Compared to the previous, more complex method of transportation.

In this case, the cargo "leading" transport and crane is needed, which will help to make loading. Usually used for driving freight vehicles.

The method of complete loading to towing a car does not apply. It is a way of transporting cargo, in a particular case - vehicle.

Partial loading restrictions:

  1. It is forbidden to find people, not excluding the driver, in a towed car, and in the body of towing.
  2. Transportation of vehicles with faulty brakes is prohibited, except for cases when the mass of the car towed is two times less than the mass of the towing.

Features of towing transport with automatic transmission

Many believe that it is impossible to transport such a car on the fala. Yes, undesirable, but when complying with certain rules - it is possible.

Towing a car with automatic transmission engine is very difficult. Since the oil pump at this point does not work, and the transmission continues to be expressed, does not occur due. As a result, overheating and failure of the unit.

When towing for long distances, it is better to use the services of the tow truck, since the subsequent repair often comes out more expensive payment Specialized equipment.

In other cases you need to consider a number of recommendations:

  1. Fill maximum amount transmission fluid.
  2. Unlock steering, turning the key in the ignition lock.
  3. Install the gearbox selector to the neutral position.
  4. High-speed limitations for each car are indicated in the instructions. If there is no one at hand, then consider the rule 50 × 50. That is, at a speed of 50 km / h, you can tow a vehicle not more than 50 km of way.
  5. Control temperature mode transmissions. Make stops for cooling the node.

All-wheel drive cars are attached exclusively by loading.

Towing with a car with automatic transmission automatic transmission

  1. The mass of the "slave" car should not exceed the actual mass of the "leading".
  2. Recommended speed - no more than 40 km / h.
  3. Observe the smoothness of the stroke. Do not accomplish sharp jerks, since with a dynamic load, the mass of the towed car increases several times.
  4. If possible, use a rigid coupling.

A few words in conclusion

Permitted speed - up to 50 km / h, and on the motorway - at least 40 km / h.

At the towed car, when it is malfunction, it is necessary to secure the emergency stop sign on the back of the vehicle.

On the "leading" and "slave" vehicles should include either neighboring headlights, or fog light, or daytime running lights.

Regardless of whether you need towing transport or you want to help you have a motorist who have fallen into trouble, always follow the rules of the road and do not neglect the prohibitions. Good luck to you on the roads!

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4 comments

    Do not use increased transmissions. Beginning should be started with "2", and when turning revolutions to 3,000 - 3,500 to switch to "L".

    Yeah, this accelerated to 3500 on the second and stuck L (first transmission). Well done! All right!

    You are in the section "Restrictions with partial loading" write

    1) It is forbidden to find people, ... without excluding the driver, in a towed car, ... and in the body of towing.

    2) Transportation of vehicles with faulty brakes is prohibited ... In addition to cases, when the mass of the car towed is two times less than the mass of the towing.

    I understand that in a towed car, it is prohibited and transported transportation with faulty brakes.

    I have a question:

    1) Why do good brakes if the driver is missing in a towed car?

    Reducing the pelvis 2104 under the technique, welded the podcast with a rotating platform, riding the thase to the competition, sometimes I drove the evacuation when I am driving a blank podkat, throwing a set of wheels from the roof trunk, so that the empty did not jump. On the wheel stickers, the team stickers are pasted, with the mark "Technical", never stopped. Category B, p.



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