Steering On "Niva" can be with a hydraulic agent (starting from 2009), without a hydraulic agent, as well as an equipped airbag. From November 1998 to increase passive security On cars, a telescopic intermediate shaft is installed instead of a cylindrical intermediate shaft, and steering wheel Fasten self-locking nut.
Steering mechanism assembly with drive (without a hydraulic device)
1 - Cup; |
14 - the outer tip of the thrust; |
Top shaft 
11 - Bearing of the upper shaft; 12 - Bracket fastening the steering shaft; 13 - lock sleeve; 14 - pipe bracket fastening shaft steering; 15 - upper steering shaft;
Steering device with hydraulic (since 2009)
View of the car on the steering elements
The location of the steering elements by car:1, 7 - external tips of steering 2, 6 - adjustment couplings; 3, 5 - internal tips of steering; 4 - hydraulic power pump; 8 - steering mechanism; 9 - average traction; 10 - pendulum lever
The hydraulic amplifier system includes a blade pump, a tank for working fluid, Fluid supply hoses and removal and steering mechanism.
Steering hydraulic system system: 1 - steering hydraulic power pump; 2 - gasket; 3 - bolt-fitting; 4 - Hose high pressure; 5 - Supporting hose; 6 - Tank tube with indexed fluid level; 7 - Tank; 8 - clamp; 9 - steering mechanism; 10 - Hose low pressure
Description of the steering
Steering - with mechanical connection, without amplifier. The steering mechanism is "a global worm - a two-graze roller", gear ratio Reducer - 16,4 .
In the variant version, the car is equipped with a steering power steering significantly reduced the effort on the steering wheel. If the steering power steering does not function (for example, when towing a car with a non-working engine), the ability to control the car is saved, but for this you need to apply a much greater force to the steering wheel.
The steering trapezium is formed by three steering traction (one average and two side), compass, pendulum lever and levers swivel kulakov. Side traction consists of two tips connected by a threaded cutting clutch. On the inner (short) tip - right thread, on the outer - left. On the coupling coupling, the thread is also of different directions, so when it turns it, the length of the lateral thrust may increase or decrease, which is needed to adjust the convergence of the wheels. The coupling is fixed on the tips of the tight clamps.
At the ends of the steering, there are ball hinges. Their fingers have a conical landing in the levers and fixed in them with naits with linings. The ball head rotates in the plastic liner, pressing the spring to the hinge body. The other end of the spring rests on the steel plug, sprung into the hinge body. Due to the taper of the outer surface of the liner and the inner surface of the hinge body, when tipping the liner, the backlash is selected between the liner and the ball head of the finger.
To make sure that the liner is not flared in the housing, hand or mounting spatula are pressed on the hinge body in the direction of the finger - while the finger should go inside the housing by 0.5-1.5 mm. When jamming the hinge or tangible, it is replaced with it steering cravings (steering tip). From moisture and dirt hinge protected rubber Czechpressed on the body. If the cover is damaged, immediately replace it, removing the old lubricant from the surface of the hinge and adding a new one (SRB-4).
The bracket of the pendulum lever is attached to the right side member with two bolts with self-locking nuts. Case bracket - cast, from aluminum alloy. It has two plastic bushings in which the axis of the pendulum lever rotates. On top and bottom to the axis, the washers are put on, which push the sleeve to the bracket housing. The lower washer rests on the pendulum lever, fixed on the axis self-locking nut, the top - in the nickety with a pin. This nut is tightened on the removed bracket so that the pendulum lever does not turn under its own weight, but only under load 1-2 kgf. Litol-24 lubrication is laid on the working surfaces of the sleeves and into the space between the axis and the case. To protect against dirt, two rubber sealing rings installed between the washers and the lever housing are served. When wearing the bushings, they are replaced by, with the wear of the housing or axis, replace the bracket.
The steering mechanism is attached by three bolts with self-locking nuts to the left side member. Its housing is cast, from aluminum alloy. In its lower (elongated) part, two bronze bushings are pressed, in which the shaft of the steering tower rotates. On the lower slotone end of the shaft of the nut the steering tower is fixed (it is installed on the shaft only in a certain position). At the top of the shaft, a tide with a neckline was made; It has a two-graze roller, rotating in ball or needle bearings. The T-shaped groove on the top end of the shaft includes a screw head that is regulated by the gap between the roller and the worm (see below). Axial backlash head in the groove should not exceed 0.05 mm; This is achieved by the selection of the thickness of the adjusting plate worn on the screw. The screw moves along the thread in the steering cover and stops the nut and the curly washer.
There are two options for installing the roller of the tower tree roller: on needle or on the ball bearing.
The worm of the steering mechanism rotates in two balls of radially resistant bearings, the gap in which is regulated by the selection of pads between the housing and the bottom cover (the oil is poured out of the mechanism, at the end of the adjustment it is necessary to restore its level). With a properly adjusted gap, the moment of turning the craft shaft (with the filmed tower shaft) should be within 20-49 N.SM. If it is less, reduce the thickness of the package of pads, if more - increase. After installing the tower shaft, the gap in the engagement of the roller with the worm: the moment of resistance to turning the Worm shaft when turning 30 ° to the right-left from the middle position should be 88-118 N.Sm, and at large angles - no more than 69 N.Sm. In practice, the simplest control is as follows: on the removed steering mechanism, the worm shaft must turn from the hand with a noticeable increase in effort near the middle position, the axial loft of the shaft should not be.
For filling the oil into the steering mechanism, a hole closed with a threaded plug is provided in the top cover. Transmission oil They poured to the edge of this hole (0.215 l), they control the level. Oil leakage is possible from under the bottom of the Worm shaft bearing cover (due to its deformation) or through the glands of the cushion shafts and the worm. Repair of the gearbox at home (with the exception of adjusting the gaps and replace the glands) is not recommended.
The steering shaft is doublable, consists of top and intermediate shaft. The upper shaft rotates in two bearings with rubber sleeves spangled in the tree bracket tube. In the lower part to the shaft, a ring with a groove, which includes shut-off rigl anti-theft device. A steering wheel is fixed on the top slot end of the shaft, the nut of its attachment is blocked.
The intermediate shaft has on the ends cardan hinges with cut slotted tips, tightened by bolts; The bottom is connected to the Worm shaft, the top - with the upper steering shaft.
The injuries of the steering is ensured by folding the steering shaft due to driven hinges and a special fastening of the steering shaft bracket. The latter is attached to the body bracket at four points: on top - on welded bolts with nuts and washers, from below - with special tear-off bolts with fixing plates. In the collision of the edge of the locking plates deform and skip through the rectangular holes of the steering shaft bracket. At the same time, due to the folding of the steering shaft, the steering wheel moves not back, and up and forward, reducing the likelihood of injuries of the driver's chest.
Steering steering mechanism assembly with 1 - tump; 2 - average traction; 3 - body of the bracket of the pendulum lever; 4 - lever axis; 5 - pendulum lever; 6 - sleeve; 7 - adjusting nut; 8 - the inner tip of the thrust; 9 - adjustment coupling; 10 - lower ball support; ...
18.1 Features of the design
Features of the design steering - with a mechanical connection, without an amplifier. The steering mechanism is a global worm - a two-graze roller, gear ratio of the gearbox - 16.4. The steering trapezium is formed by three steering traction (one average and two side), compass, pendulum lever and swivel fist levers. Side traction consists of two tips connected by threaded ...
Replacing the oil in the steering gearbox The work order is carried out on the observation ditch or the lift. To check the oil level in the gearbox (on the photo, the vacuum amplifier is removed for clarity) ... ... 8 turn over the oil-tapping plug. The plug has a conical thread. Rod Pr ...
Adjusting the gap in the engagement of the roller with the worm of the steering mechanism Procedure to perform work on the observation ditch or lift. Adjustment we produce when the free movement of the steering mechanism is detected. Before adjustment, you must make sure that there is no axial movement of the worm in the bearings (see the removal of the steering mechanism and the r ...
Removing the side traction Processing work on the observation ditch or lift. We post and remove the wheel. To remove the right side traction turn the steering wheel to the left left. Passages take out the pin ... ... and the key on 22 turn the nut mounting the side traction to the lever ...
Removing the average traction OPERATION ORDER WORK WORKS ON THE WATER DANAGE or Lift. Passatages remove the pin ... ... and the key on 22 turn the nut of the fastening of the middle thrust to the pendulum lever. Wilk puller make a ball finger of high thrust from the hole of the pendulum lever ....
Replacing the dirt-proof caps and tips of the steering crash The order of execution of the dirt caps and the tips of the steering can be replaced by car. For clarity, these operations perform on the removed thrust. To replace the dirt-proof cap ... ... bring it off with a soft metal. Clean the ball ...
Removing and disassembling the bracket of the pendulum lever The procedure for performing work is carried out on the observation ditch or lift. Remove right wheel. Press the ball fingers from the holes of the pendulum lever: medium (see the removal of medium thrust) and side (see the removal of the side traction). Head on 17 turn away ...
Removing the steering wheel The execution order by disconnecting the minus wire from the battery. We use a slotted screwdriver to reflect the decorative lining of the sound signal switch ... ... and remove it. Head on 24 turn the fastening nut of the steering wheel. Shiking ...
Removing the steering column The execution order remove the steering wheel (see Removing the steering wheel). Remove the facing housings of the steering column (see Removing the submissive trigger switch). Remove the ignition switch (see Removing the ignition switch). The key to 13 turn the nut bolt bolt fastening the bottom of the lower cardan ...
Dear buyers, in order to avoid errors when sending the steering mechanism of the gearbox, VAZ 2131 columns assembled, short shaft, in the "Comment" line specify the model and year of release of your car.
The steering is necessary in order to transform the rotation of the steering wheel around its axis in the rotation of the wheels. Moreover, the rotation of the wheels must be performed synchronously to ensure the smoothness of the stroke. A gearbox is installed on the VAZ 2131 as a power transducer worm-type. Its design has one important element - a worm gear. It is at the expense of it that the rotation is transformed into the transverse movement required to change the position. steering crag
1 - Carter; 2 - Cup; 3 - lower crankcase cover; 4 - adjusting gaskets; 5 - exterior ring bearing Worm shaft; 6 - separator with balls; 7 - Tree shaft; 8 - adjusting screw; 9 - adjusting plate; 10 - lock washer; 11 - Worm shaft; 12 - the top cover of the crankcase; 13 - sealing gasket; 14 - Tumble shaft sleeve; 15 - cradle shaft worm; 16 - Tower Shaft Oil
Worm steering mechanism 21213-3401035, Cup 21213-3401090.
Reducer, otherwise called the steering column, is located in the windscarethe space, immediately under vacuum amplifier brakes. As such maintenance, the steering gearbox VAZ 2131 does not require, it is enough to ensure that oil does not flow out of it. Attention: The backlash in the gearbox causes some inconvenience, since the WAZ steering wheel has a large enough free move And maneuvering becomes problematic.
To reduce the handle of the steering wheel, you need to perform several simple manipulations. First of all, you must call an assistant who will rotate the steering wheel during adjustment. Prepare the tool - the key to 19 and a wide flat screwdriver.
The steering column is only one adjustment, when the most optimal option - full of it replacement.
Loosen adjustable plate 9. on the adjusting screw 8., you can even turn it out completely. The assistant rotates the steering wheel in different directions on a quarter of turnover from the initial position. At the same time, you, using a screwdriver, screw the screw until the backlash is disappeared. Such adjustment will decrease free move, the steering wheel will turn a little tight. At the end reliably tighten the screw. A little more difficult to replace the gearbox, but the steering will become more reliable.
In stores you can purchase Repair Kit to restore the column. It is worth noting that such a repair is extremely undesired, because the gearbox body has its own production, which may be an interference when installing new gears. Because of this, the rotation of the wheel of VAZ 2131 will be either tight, or will be carried out with the jams.
When the handle of the steering wheel, the column can be proper, but fixing connections to the car body can be released. They must be checked primarily, since there can be cracks on the spar and because of this column can hang out.
Reducer is subject to repair if the threaded part is damaged on its shafts, and due to damage or strong wear the threaded part of both shafts that are in the gearbox, bearings, the following problems with the steering control may occur, namely the steering wheel can rotate and have the backlash, in addition, the steering wheel can rotate, but there are no wheels, as well as the wheel can simply Blocked in one place and not moving anywhere and will stand, just from the steering gearbox can still flow oil, but it will already happen for another reason, the gearbox body is damaged and has through-cracks (after corrosion it can be). If with the glands, something happened, then the oil will also flow constantly from the gearbox and in connection with this the steering wheel will be severely (the oil follows everything) and on the body or at the bottom of the cars you have noticed constant traces of the resulting oil from the gearbox.
When the leakage is detected, it is advisable to repair or replace the node. If you do it impossible, try to maintain the oil level in the norm.
Other articles of goods and its analogues in directories: 21213340001010.
VAZ 21213-21214i, VAZ 2131, VAZ 2120.
Any breakdown - This is not the end of the world, but a completely solved problem!
Causes of the failure of the steering gearbox VAZ 2131at the car of the Niva family.
How to replace the steering reducer VAZ 2131on the car of the Niva family.
With the online store Avtoazbuka.repair costs will be minimal.
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Removing Cushkin
Control torment torque dynamometer
Disassembly
Order procedure
1. Drain the oil from the steering mechanism. Secure the crankcase on the A.74076 / R bracket with A.74076 / 1 support.
2. Having unscrewed the fastening nut 2 (see fig. Parts of the steering mechanism) and removing spring washer, remover A.47043 Remove the sushka (see fig. Removal of the bump).
3. Upper clutch crankcase mounting bolts to the cylinder block.
4. Having unscrewed the mounting bolts, remove the cover 12 (see fig. Parts of the steering mechanism) of the steering mechanism, along with the cap, adjusting screw 8, adjusting plate 9, retainer washer 10 and lock nut. Remove from the steering wheel 1 of the steering wheel 7 of the bumps assembled with the roller.
5. Having unscrewed the fastening bolts, remove the lid 3 of the stubborn bearing of the worm shaft together with the adjusting gaskets 4.
6. Tree 11 Worm Put out the outer ring 5 of the bearing out of the crankcase and remove the shaft along with the Bearing Separator 6. Remove the oil seal 15 of the Worm and 16 shaft seal.
Assembling Procedure for execution 1. Hold the steering mechanism on the Bracket A.74076 / R in the sequence, reverse disassembly. 2. Outdoor ring of the Upper Bearing Worm Press the mandrel 67.7853.9541, having rearranged the nozzle on the handle of the mandrel with the opposite side.
4. After installing the tower tree, check the absence of a gap in the engagement of the roller with a worm in the Worm shaft positions turned to the right and left 30 ° from the neutral position of the bump. Possible gap in the engagement is removed by the adjusting screw 2 (see Fig. The cutting of the steering mechanism) and tighten the locknut 4.
5. After adjusting the gap in the engagement of the roller and the worm, check the torque torque torque torque, which must be equal to 68.7-88.3 N · cm (7-9 kgf · cm) when the worm shaft is 30 ° rotated, so And to the right of the mean position and should decrease smoothly to 49 N · cm (5 kgf · cm) when turning from an angle of 30 ° until it stops.
6. At the end of the assembly, check the angles of the turning of the bump from the neutral position, which should be 32 ° 10 "± 1 ° both to the left and right until the bolt stops in the bolt head; fill in the steering mechanism 0.215 liters of transmission oil.
Niva Soughhead. Checking and repairing the steering mechanism
Order procedure1. Carefully inspect whether there is no roller and worm of traces of wear, jammed or rice. Replace worn and damaged parts.
2. Check the size of the gap between the sleeves and the tower shaft, which should not exceed 0.10 mm. If the gap is more specified, then replace the sleeve using the mandrel A74105.
3. On the inner surface of the sleeve sleeves, there are spiral grooves, which come out only in one side of the sleeve. When pressing the sleeve is pushing so that their ends, having the output of the grooves, were inside the opening of the crankcase, and the groove outputs were against each other. The ends of the bushings must drown in the crankcase hole by 1.5 mm.
4. New sleeves before pressing with a transmission oil.
5. After pressing in Carter, finally process the sleeve with a scanner A.90336 to size 28.698-28,720 mm. Mounting gap Between the tower and sleeves shaft should be within 0.008-0.051 mm.
6. Check the ease of rotation of the tower tree roller on the ball bearing. Ball bearings Worm and roller must rotate freely, without jealous; On the surface of the rings and balls should not be wear and damage.
7. Check the axial gap between the head of the adjusting screw 8 (see fig. Parts of the steering mechanism) and the groove of the shaft shaft 7. The gap should not exceed 0.05 mm. If it is greater, replace the adjustment plate 9 on a plate of greater thickness.
Warning
The spare parts are supplied by adjusting plates of eleven sizes, thickness from 1.95 mm to 2.20 mm; The increase in each size is 0.025 mm.
8. Check the condition of the locking plates 5 (see Fig. Steering Parts). If they are deformed, replace them.
VAZ-21213 (Niva). Disassembly and assembly of the steering shaft
Order procedure1. Unscrew the plug bolt cardanian hinge And disconnect the intermediate and upper steering shafts.
2. If the top shaft is damaged or its bearings, the folding places of the bracket tube and remove the shaft 15 from the pipe (see Fig. Steering) assembled with bearings 11.
3. If the shaft rotates in the bearings without jealous and in the bearings does not feel a radial free course (elastic radial movement of the steering shaft is allowed), disassembling the upper steering shaft is not recommended.
4. When wearing or damaged the shaft or its bearings, replace them with new ones.
5. Conduct the assembly in the order, reversible, drawing attention to the fact that the locking bolt of the cardan hinge passes through the rings of the upper shaft. After that, turn the bracket on both sides on both sides to fix the shaft bearings.
Steering is designed to change and maintain the direction of the vehicle. The car uses the steering with the left location, front controlled wheels and with a trauma-safe steering wheel.
The steering wheel in the car is located on the left in the direction of movement, which provides better visibility when driving with moving towards transport. Eastern security is ensured by the design of the intermediate shaft of the steering wheel and the special fastening of the steering tree to the car body.
Steering (Fig. 42) consists of a steering mechanism and steering drive.
Fig. 42. Steering:
1 - lateral thrust; 2 - steering tump; 3 - average traction; 4 - pendulum lever; 5 - adjustment coupling; 6 - swivel fist; 7 - turntable lever; 8 - bracket of the pendulum lever; 9 - Bearing; 10 - steering bracket tube; 11 - steering pal; 12 - steering mechanism; 13 - intermediate shaft steering wheel; 14 - steering column; 15 - steering wheel; 16 - bracket; 17 - ball finger; 18 - rubber case; 19 - the tip of the thrust; 20 - insert; 21 - Spring; 22 - plug.
Steering gear Increases the driver's effort and transmits it to the steering drive.
A worm wheel mechanism is applied by car.
The steering mechanism includes: steering wheel 15, steering shaft 11, intermediate shaft 13 and steering pair (worm and roller).
Steering wheel Two-spoke, plastic, with steel frame. It is fixed on the slots of the upper end of the steering shaft 11, which is installed in the pipe 10 of the bracket 16 in two ball bearings 9. The steering shaft with the steering column 14 using the bracket 16 is attached to the car body.
The mounting bracket to the body is made so that with accidents, the steering shaft 11 with the steering wheel is slightly moved towards the driver than its safety is ensured. The lower end of the steering shaft through the slots is connected to intermediate shaft 13, representing cardan Val. With two hinges. The intermediate shaft is also connected to the shaft 12 (Fig. 43) worm 11. The worm is installed in the crankcase 4 in two ball bearings 14, the tightening of which is adjustable using pads 15 installed under the cover 16. The worm is in engaging with roller 6, which Mounted 5 steering collar on the axis 17 on the needle bearings 18. The steering shaft is installed in the crankcase 4 in the bronze bushes 3. The engagement of the worm and roller is adjustable using the adjusting screw 7, the head of which is included in the shaft groove 5 steering tower. The adjusting screw will be screwed into the lid 10 and the nut is contacted 8. On the slotted end of the shaft 5 installed steering bump 1.
Fig. 43. Steering mechanism:
1 - steering bump; 2, 13 - glands; 3 - sleeve; 4 - Carter; 5 - shaft of the steering tower; 6 - roller; 7 - adjusting screw; 8 - nut; 9 - Flower plug; 10 - cover; 11 - worm; 12 - Worm shaft; 14 - Bearing; 15 - adjusting gaskets; 16 - lower cover; 17 - the roller axis; 18 - needle bearing.
Steering wheel drive Transmits effort from the steering mechanism to controlled wheels. The steering wheel provides the correct rotation of the car controlled wheels.
Steering wheel drive (see Fig. 42) includes: steering tush 2, pendulum lever 4, side 1 and middle 3 thrust with hinges and levers of 7 swivel fists. A steering wheel drive with a split steering trapezium is used. The steering trapezium provides a rotation of the car driven wheels different angles (Inner wheel for greater angle than outer). It is located behind the axis of the front wheels. The steering trapezium consists of three transverse traction and levers 7, hingedly interconnected. The average thrust 3 steering trapezoid is performed solid. One end is connected to the steering tower 2, and the other - with a pendulum lever 4, which is fixed motionless on the axis installed in two plastic sleeves in the bracket 10, fixed on the car body. Side traction 1 consists of two tips, interconnected by adjustment clutch 5, fixed on the tips of the clamps. This allows you to change the length of the side of the steering trapezium when adjusting the convergence of the front controlled wheels of the car. The connection of medium thrust and side railway tape tape and the pendulum lever, as well as side loads with levers 7 of the swivel fists, is made using ball hinges, which provide the possibility of relative movement of the steering parts in horizontal and vertical planes while simultaneously reliable transmission efforts between them. Ball hinges are placed in the tips of the 19 steering. Finger 17 spherical head relies on a cone plastic liner 20, which is pressed by spring 21, eliminating the clearance in the hinge when wear. The ball hinge from one end is closed with a cap, and with another protected by a rubber cover. A hinge finger with its conical part is hard to fasten into the parts of the steering drive, to which the steering thrust joins.
Stabilization of controlled wheels. The forces acting on the car seek to reject the controlled wheels from the position corresponding to the straight-line movement. To prevent the rotation of the wheels under the influence of the disturbing forces (the impacts from the drum on the irregularity of the road, the gusts of the wind, etc.), the controlled wheels must have appropriate stabilization. What it is better better management Car, higher traffic safety, less wear tire and steering.
By car, the stabilization of controlled wheels is provided by inclons of their axis of rotation in transverse and longitudinal planes and the elastic properties of the pneumatic tire.
Transverse slope Turn axis (Fig. 44, a), characterized by an angle β, when rotating the wheel causes the front of the car to some height H. At the same time, the mass of the front of the car seeks to return the wheel to a position corresponding to a straight-line movement.
Longitudinal tilt axis (Fig. 44, b), determined by the angle γ, creates a shoulder A, on which reactions occurring when the wheel turns between the bus and the road at the points of their touch. These reactions help return the wheel to a neutral position.
In the car "Niva" VAZ-2121 tilts of the axis of rotation of controlled wheels are: transverse β \u003d 3 ° 30 "± 30", longitudinal γ \u003d 6 ° 10 "± 30". The transverse tilt of the axis of turn on the car is adjusted using the adjusting washers 39 (), which are mounted between the axis of the 38 of the upper levers and the front suspension bracket 2. The longitudinal tilt of the turn axis is regulated by washers 44 (), which are installed on the axis 46 of the lower lever 1 of the front suspension.
