Not all drivers are familiar with towing rules vehicle: in driving schools, quite a bit of time is devoted to this section, and in practice, not many experienced themselves as a driver of a towed or towed vehicle.
In a real road situation, the lack of theoretical and practical knowledge causes certain difficulties.
This article will cover the basics of towing a car.
Towing prohibited / permitted
Let's start with when the PPD is prohibited from towing a vehicle:
The fine for violation of the rules of towing a car in 2019 will be 500 rubles... This, of course, is not much, but the collision of the "driven" and "leading" vehicles does not cause positive emotions.
And what is needed in order to help a car enthusiast in trouble?
In addition to the transport itself, there is also the corresponding state of the flexible coupling. It must be intact, free of damage and abrasion, loops and carabiners for fastening must be in good order.
The length of the cable is not less than 4 and not more than 5 meters.If it is shorter, then the chance of the second car to enter the front one tends to one hundred percent, and if it is longer, then the car driving behind will deviate greatly from the trajectory.
There must be warning signs or flags on the halyard... These are devices with diagonally painted reflective white and red stripes. If not, you can use pieces of red cloth.
Modern steel cables are made of colored threads: white, blue, red and others, some of which are covered with a reflective compound. That is, modern halyards are in themselves warning devices.
The tow hooks and shackles are checked last.
According to the changes in the traffic rules of 04/04/2017, the driver of the towing vehicle must have at least two years of driving experience.
Towing types
In our country, flexible coupling is still more common than rigid, but in Western countries, everything is completely different. Next, we will consider the features of each of them.
Video: Towing Motor Vehicles
The most common, but at the same time the most dangerous species. It is popular due to the fact that the cable gets into the vehicle along with a first aid kit and a fire extinguisher, as a mandatory kit.
With the help of special fasteners, the halyard clings to the rear part of the towing vehicle and to the front part of the towed one. But this method has several limitations:
- The driver must be behind the wheel of the towed vehicle.
- The distance between the two cars is in the range of 4 to 6 meters.
- The installation of reflective signs on the tow rope is mandatory.
- Carriage of passengers in towed vehicles is prohibited (except for cars).
If you don't have a special rope at hand, you can use a piece of a parachute line or a strong cord. How to tie the rope in this case? It is recommended to use one of several knots: a simple half-bayonet, arbor (bowline), Eskimo or special towing.
One end of the halyard is to the left eyelet of the "leading" vehicle, the other to the right "driven". This improves the driver's view of the towed vehicle.
Transport is towed using fixed, mainly metal, special devices. They can have different designs and several attachment points.
The simplest ones are attached to each car in only one place. At several points, more complex structures are fixed, which allow the towed vehicle to move on a straight section of the road along the same path as the towing vehicle.
This method is rarely used, since few motorists constantly carry a bulky rigid coupling with them. Although it has a number of significant advantages and allows you to move heavier vehicles.
Limitations of this method:
- The driver must be behind the steering wheel of the "driven" car, except for a straight-line movement, when the design of the hitch allows the vehicle to maintain a given trajectory.
- The distance between vehicles should not exceed four meters.
- Carriage of passengers in towed vehicles is prohibited (car body, trolleybus, bus, etc.).
- It is forbidden to transport a vehicle with a defective braking system, except for cases when the mass of the towed vehicle is 50% less than the mass of the towing one.
Partial loading method
Compared to the previous ones, a more complicated method of transportation.
In this case, you need a cargo "leading" transport and a crane that will help to carry out the loading. It is usually used for hauling freight vehicles.
The method of full loading does not apply to towing a vehicle. It is a way of transporting cargo, in a particular case - a vehicle.
Partial loading restrictions:
- It is forbidden to find people, not excluding the driver, in the towed vehicle and in the body of the towing vehicle.
- It is forbidden to transport vehicles with faulty brakes, except for cases when the mass of the towed vehicle is half the mass of the towing vehicle.
Features of towing vehicles with automatic transmission
Many believe that it is impossible to transport such a car on a halyard.... Yes, it is undesirable, but subject to certain rules, you can.
It is very difficult to tow a car with an automatic transmission with an inoperative engine. Since the oil pump does not work at this moment, and the transmission continues to express itself, there is no proper cooling. As a result, overheating and failure of the unit.
When towing over long distances, it is better to use the services of a tow truck, since subsequent repairs often come out more expensive than payment specialized equipment.
In other cases, you need to consider a number of recommendations.:
- Fill in maximum amount transmission fluid.
- Unblock steeringby turning the key in the ignition.
- Place the transmission selector in neutral.
- The speed limits for each vehicle are indicated in the instructions. If you don't have it at hand, then consider the 50 × 50 rule. That is, at a speed of 50 km / h, a vehicle can be towed no more than 50 km.
- Control temperature regime transmissions. Make timely stops to cool the unit.
Four-wheel drive vehicles are towed exclusively by the loading method.
Towing a car with automatic transmission of another car
- The mass of the “driven” vehicle must not exceed the actual weight of the “master”.
- The recommended speed is no more than 40 km / h.
- Observe a smooth ride. Do not make sudden jerks, as under dynamic load the mass of the towed vehicle increases several times.
- Use a rigid hitch if possible.
A few words in conclusion
The permitted speed is up to 50 km / h, and on the motorway - at least 40 km / h.
In the case of a towed vehicle, in case of its malfunction, an emergency stop sign must be attached to the rear of the vehicle.
On "driving" and "driven" vehicles, either dipped headlights, fog lights, or daytime running lights must be on.
Regardless of whether you need a towing vehicle or want to help a motorist in trouble, always follow the rules road traffic and don't neglect prohibitions. Good luck on the road!
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4 Comments
Do not use overdrive gears. You should start moving from "2", and when the speed rises to 3000 - 3500 switch to "L".
Yeah, this one clocked up to 3500 in second and stuck L (first gear). Well done! Everything is correct!
You write in the section "Restrictions for partial loading"
1) It is forbidden to find people, ... not excluding the driver, in the towed vehicle, ... and in the body of the towing vehicle.
2) It is forbidden to transport vehicles with faulty brakes, ... except for cases when the mass of the towed car is half the mass of the towing one.
I understand that it is forbidden to be in the towed vehicle and transportation with faulty brakes is prohibited.
I have a question:
1) Why good brakes if the driver is absent in the towed vehicle?
I remade the 2104 basin for technical equipment, welded a tackle with a rotating platform, I roll the pots to competitions, sometimes I shake the evacuation when I carry an empty tackle, I throw off a set of wheels from the roof rack so that the empty one does not jump. On the wheelbarrow, the team's stickers are glued, marked "TECHNICAL", they never stopped. Category B, C.
Labor protection instruction
when towing, coupling and uncoupling vehicles
1. General labor protection requirements
1.1 Drivers or specially appointed persons who have passed a medical examination, induction instruction, initial instruction, training and internship at the workplace, testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements, having the appropriate qualifications, are allowed to tow, hitch and uncouple vehicles.
1.2 Personnel performing work on towing, coupling and uncoupling vehicles must:
1.2.1 Perform only the work specified in the work instructions.
1.2.2 Follow the internal labor regulations.
1.2.3 Correctly use personal and collective protective equipment.
1.2.4 Observe labor protection requirements.
1.2.5 Immediately notify your immediate or superior manager about any situation that threatens the life and health of people, about every accident that occurs at work, or about a deterioration in your health, including the manifestation of signs of an acute occupational disease (poisoning);
1.2.6 Undergo training in safe methods and techniques for performing work and providing first aid to injured workers at work, instruction on labor protection, testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements.
1.2.7 Undergo mandatory periodic (during employment) medical examinations (examinations), as well as undergo extraordinary medical examinations (examinations) directed by the employer in cases provided for by the Labor Code and other federal laws.
1.2.8 Be able to provide first first aid affected by electric current, from laser radiation and other accidents.
1.2.9 Be able to use primary fire extinguishing means.
1.3 When towing, hitching and uncoupling vehicles, exposure to the following dangerous and harmful production factors is possible:
- moving machines and mechanisms;
- increased or decreased air temperature of the working area;
- high humidity air;
- sharp edges, burrs and roughness on the surfaces of workpieces, tools and equipment;
- insufficient or excessive illumination of workplaces;
- the appearance of explosive, fire hazardous and poisonous environments in the work area;
- physical overload.
1.4 When carrying out work on towing, hitching and uncoupling a vehicle, it is necessary to know and remember that accidents most often can occur when:
- work with an unreliable braked vehicle, trailer;
- when an employee is between a towing vehicle with a running engine and a trailer or towed vehicle during hitching or uncoupling;
- inconsistent actions of the drivers of towing and towed vehicles;
- using random items as a tug.
1.5 Each employee must be provided with overalls, safety footwear and other means individual protection in accordance with the Model Industry Norms for the Free Distribution of Special Clothing, Special Footwear and Other Personal Protective Equipment and the Collective Agreement.
1.6 In cases of injury or discomfort, it is necessary to stop work, notify the work manager and contact medical institution.
1.7 For failure to comply with this instruction, the perpetrators are prosecuted in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
2. Labor protection requirements before starting work
2.1 Put on overalls, special shoes.
2.2 Prepare the tools, devices necessary for work and make sure they are in good working order. Check the serviceability of trailers and their towing devices.
2.3 Remove unauthorized persons from the work area.
2.4 All shortcomings and malfunctions of the tool, devices found during the inspection, report to the work supervisor for taking measures to eliminate them.
3. Labor protection requirements during work
3.1 Before hitching and uncoupling the car and the trailer (semi-trailer), the latter must be braked parking brake, place wheel chocks (shoes) under the wheels.
3.2 During the delivery of the towing vehicle to the towed vehicle, no people are allowed between this vehicle and the moving vehicle.
3.3. Coupling or uncoupling should be carried out on a flat horizontal surface, and the longitudinal axis of the semitrailer being coupled must coincide with the longitudinal axis of the towing vehicle.
3.4 Before hitching a trailer (semi-trailer), the driver must make sure that:
- connecting hoses and electric wires do not interfere with the coupling;
- the sides are closed;
- fifth wheel coupling, kingpin and their fasteners are in good order;
- the front part of the semi-trailer is positioned in such a way that when hitching, the front edge of the support sheet falls on the slide or on the saddle.
3.5 When hitching or uncoupling the trailer drawbar, which does not have retaining springs, it should be installed on a support that prevents it from falling.
3.6 Release the trailer or semitrailer and remove the stops from under the wheels only after the end of the hitch.
3.7 Before the person making the coupling or uncoupling, gets between the car and the trailer, the driver of the car must brake his car with the parking brake, turn off the engine and put the gear (controller) lever in neutral position.
3.8 It is not allowed to tow vehicles by pushing.
3.9 Towing a vehicle on a rigid or flexible hitch should be carried out with the driver behind the wheel of the towed vehicle, unless the design of the rigid hitch provides straight motion following the towed vehicle along the trajectory of the towing vehicle.
3.10 When towing on a flexible hitch, the distance between the towing and towed vehicles must be within 4-6 m, and when towing on a rigid hitch - no more than 4 m.
3.11 Towing is not allowed:
- vehicles that do not have steering control (towing by the partial loading);
- two or more vehicles;
- vehicles with an inoperative braking system, if their actual mass is more than half of the actual mass of the towing vehicle; with a lower actual mass, towing of such vehicles is allowed only on a rigid hitch or by partial loading;
- in ice (on a flexible hitch).
3.12 When towing on a flexible or rigid hitch, it is not allowed to find people in the towed bus, in the body of the towed truck.
When towing by partial loading, no people are allowed in the cab or body of the towed vehicle, as well as in the body of the towing vehicle.
3.13 When towing on a flexible hitch, it is not allowed to pull the cable in jerks. It is not allowed to find people closer than 6 m from the tensioned cable.
3.14 Towed metal cables should have loops at the ends with special terminations.
4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations
4.1 In the event of accidents and situations that can lead to accidents and accidents, it is necessary:
4.1.1 Stop work immediately and notify the work supervisor.
4.1.2 Under the guidance of the person responsible for the performance of work, promptly take measures to eliminate the causes of accidents or situations that may lead to accidents or accidents.
4.2 In case of fire, smoke:
4.2.1 Immediately inform the fire brigade by phone "01". Notify the workers, notify the head of the unit and report the fire to the security post.
4.2.2 Open emergency exits from the building, de-energize, close windows and close doors.
4.2.3 Start extinguishing the fire with primary fire extinguishing equipment, if this does not involve a risk to life. Burning parts of electrical installations and electrical wiring that are energized must be extinguished with a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher.
4.2.4 Arrange a meeting for the fire brigade.
4.2.5 Leave the building and stay in the evacuation zone.
4.3 In case of accidents:
4.3.1 Immediately arrange first aid for the victim and, if necessary, deliver him to a medical organization.
4.3.2 Take urgent measures to prevent the development of an emergency or other emergency and the impact of traumatic factors on others.
4.3.3 Before starting the investigation of the accident, preserve the situation as it was at the time of the accident, if this does not threaten the life and health of other persons and does not lead to a catastrophe, accident or other emergency, and if it is impossible to preserve it, fix the current situation (draw up diagrams, carry out other activities).
5. Labor protection requirements upon completion of work
5.1 Remove the tools and tools to the place designated for storage.
5.3 Remove overalls and personal protective equipment in a specially designated place.
5.4 Wash hands and face with soap and water and take a shower.
5.5 Inform the person responsible for the performance of work about all the shortcomings noticed during work and the measures taken to eliminate them.
When a mining dump truck fails on the line and it is impossible to eliminate the malfunction on site, the dump truck is delivered to the garage using a specially equipped towing tractor. In this case, the towing of a faulty dump truck is carried out only on a rigid hitch using the towing device of the tractor.
The towing tractor must be equipped with a mechanism for unloading a faulty dump truck, a lifting and locking mechanism, a system for driving the service brakes of a towed dump truck, fittings for connecting the pneumatic system and a traction electric drive of the tractor to the towed dump truck.
Before towing, it is necessary to disconnect the pipeline leading to the rear from the brake system when the tractor diesel engine is not working. brake cylinders dump truck to be towed, shut off the hydraulic system of the dump truck service brake at the disconnection point and connect the tractor's elbow (after unscrewing the plug) with a hose to the pipeline going to the rear brake cylinders of the dump truck. When performing these operations prohibited press the brake pedal of the tractor. The parking brake system of the tractor must be equipped with a pneumatic booster - braking force and a drive to the parking brake system of the towed dump truck.
For work in the dark, a signal lamp is installed on the tractor.
Maximum speed towing should not exceed 5-6 km / h. When towing a faulty diesel-electric dump truck with a tractor over long distances, it is necessary to stop every 200-300 m for 5-10 minutes in order to avoid overheating of the traction motors of the dump truck due to the lack of cooling.
Unloading a faulty dump truck using the hydraulic system of a towing vehicle should be on a horizontal section of the road or on a slope of no more than 7% with mandatory installation stops for dump truck wheels.
When hitching and towing in the dark, it is necessary to provide illumination of the work front.
Categorically prohibited: tow the dump truck with an unloaded or partially unloaded body, as well as slippery roads, including during icy conditions, as well as without installing locking pins under the movable bracket of the towing device or without a safety pin installed in the opening of the frame cross member and the lower grip eyelet; to transport people on the platform and on the steps of the tractor; to be in the cab of a faulty dump truck during towing or in the coupling zone during maneuvering and movement; tow without connecting the hydraulic drive of the service brake system and the pneumatic drive of the parking brake system to the faulty dump truck; connect hoses and wires on a tractor and a faulty dump truck when the diesel engines of the tractor or dump truck are running; move the faulty dump truck from the traction electric drive of the tractor in case of malfunctions auxiliary drive steering or drive braking systems of a dump truck.
Drivers who have studied the rules for towing cars and operating a tractor, have experience working on dump trucks and a certificate for the right to drive a towing vehicle are allowed to operate a towing vehicle.
Instruction on labor protection when towing and uncoupling cars or a car and a trailer (semi-trailer)
Safety engineering
1. Introduction
1.1. This Manual regulates the basic safety requirements for towing, coupling and uncoupling of cars or a car and a trailer (semi-trailer).
1.2. The driver or a specially appointed person, when performing work on towing, hitching and uncoupling vehicles or a car and a trailer (semi-trailer), must:
- comply with the requirements of the labor protection instructions developed on the basis of this Model instruction;
- know and be able to provide first aid to the victim in accordance with the "Instructions for the provision of first aid in case of accidents";
- also follow the instructions of the representative of the joint labor protection committee (commission) or the authorized (trustee) person for labor protection of the trade union committee.
If you notice a violation of safety requirements by another employee, warn him about the need to comply with them.
2. General safety requirements
2.1. Towing, hitching and uncoupling cars or a car and a trailer is allowed by drivers or specially appointed persons who have received introductory instruction and initial instruction at the workplace on labor protection and trained in safe working methods.
2.2. An employee who has not been re-instructed in a timely manner on labor protection (at least once every 3 months) should not start work.
2.3. When towing, hitching and uncoupling, you must be careful not to be distracted by extraneous matters and conversations.
2.4. When towing, hitching and uncoupling, it is necessary to know and remember that accidents most often occur when:
- work with an unreliable braked car, trailer, semitrailer;
- an employee being between a towing vehicle with a running engine and a trailer or towed vehicle during hitching or uncoupling;
- using random items as a tug;
- uncoordinated actions of the drivers of the towing and towed vehicles.
2.5. For failure to comply with the requirements of the instructions developed on the basis of this Model Instruction, the employee who tows, couples, uncouples cars or a car and a trailer (semitrailer) is liable in accordance with applicable law.
3. Safety requirements before starting work
3.1. Before starting work, an employee who tows, couples, uncouples cars or a car and a trailer (semi-trailer) must:
- check the serviceability of trailers (semi-trailers), their towing devices, the presence and serviceability of devices and tools;
- remove unauthorized persons from the work area.
4. Safety requirements during work
4.1. Before hitching and uncoupling the car and the trailer (semi-trailer), the latter must be braked with the parking brake, and chocks (shoes) must be placed under the wheels.
4.2. During the delivery of the towing vehicle to the towed vehicle, it is prohibited for people to stay between this vehicle and the moving vehicle.
4.3. Coupling or uncoupling should be carried out on a level horizontal surface, and the longitudinal axis of the semitrailer being coupled must coincide with the longitudinal axis of the towing vehicle.
4.4. The hitching of a road train, consisting of a car and two or more trailers, must be carried out by three people - the driver, the person making the hitching, and the person coordinating their work.
In exceptional cases (long-distance flights, removal of agricultural products from the fields, etc.), the coupling is allowed to be made by one driver.
4.5. Before hitching a trailer (semi-trailer), the driver must make sure that:
connecting hoses and electric wires do not interfere with coupling;
- the sides are closed;
- fifth wheel coupling, kingpin and their fastenings are in good order;
- the front part of the semi-trailer is positioned in such a way that, when hitching, the front edge of the support sheet hits the slide or saddle.
4.6. When hitching or uncoupling the trailer drawbar, which does not have retaining springs, must be installed on a support that prevents it from falling.
4.7. It is allowed to release the trailer or semitrailer and remove the stops from under the wheels only after the end of the coupling.
4.8. Before hitching or unhitching between the vehicle and the trailer, the driver of the vehicle must brake his vehicle with the parking brake, turn off the engine and put the gear (controller) lever in neutral.
4.10. Towing a vehicle on a rigid or flexible hitch must be carried out with the driver behind the wheel of the towed vehicle, except for cases when the design of the rigid hitch ensures that the towed vehicle follows the trajectory of the towing vehicle in straight-line motion.
4.11. When towing on a flexible hitch, the distance between the towing and towed vehicles must be within 4 - 6 m, and when towing on a rigid hitch - no more than 4 m.
4.12. Towing is prohibited:
- vehicles that do not have steering control (towing by partial loading is allowed);
- two or more vehicles;
- vehicles with an inoperative braking system, if their actual mass is more than half of the actual mass of the towing vehicle. With a lower actual mass, towing of such vehicles is allowed only on a rigid hitch or by partial loading;
- in ice on a flexible hitch.
4.13. When towing on a flexible or rigid hitch, it is forbidden to find people in the towed bus, in the body of the towed truck.
When towing by partial loading, it is prohibited for people to stay in the cab or body of the towed vehicle, as well as in the body of the towing vehicle.
4.14. When towing on a flexible hitch, do not pull on the cable jerkily. It is forbidden to find people closer than 6 m from the tensioned cable.
4.15. Towing metal cables should have loops at the ends with a special termination.
5. Safety requirements in emergency situations
5.1. The employee must immediately inform the administration of the enterprise about each accident, of which he was an eyewitness, and the victim must provide first aid, call a doctor, help deliver the victim to a health center or the nearest medical institution.
If an accident happened to the employee himself, he should, if possible, contact the health center, inform the administration of the enterprise about the incident, or ask someone around to do it.
6. Safety requirements at the end of work
6.1. At the end of the work:
6.1.1. Remove the tools, the tool in the place provided for it.
6.1.2. Wash your hands with soap and water.
6.1.3. Notify your immediate supervisor about any shortcomings found during work.
See other articles section.
The instruction comes into force on February 27, 1996.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. This manual regulates the basic safety requirements for towing, coupling and uncoupling vehicles or a car and a trailer (semitrailer).
1.2. The driver or a specially appointed person, when performing work on towing, coupling and uncoupling of vehicles or a car and a side-altar (semi-trailer), must:
comply with the requirements of the labor protection instructions developed on the basis of this standard instruction;
know and be able to provide first aid to the victim in accordance with model instruction No. 22 on the provision of first aid in case of accidents;
also follow the instructions of the representative of the joint labor protection committee (commission) or the authorized (trustee) person for labor protection of the trade union committee.
If you notice a violation of safety requirements by another employee, warn him about the need to comply with them.
2. GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Towing, hitching and uncoupling cars or a car and a trailer is allowed by drivers or specially appointed persons who have received introductory instruction and initial instruction at the workplace on labor protection and trained in safe working methods.
2.2. An employee who has not been re-instructed in a timely manner on labor protection (at least once every 3 months) should not start work.
2.3. When towing, hitching and unhitching, you must be careful not to be distracted by extraneous matters and conversations.
2.4. When towing, hitching and uncoupling, it is necessary to know and remember that accidents most often occur when:
work with an unreliable braked car, trailer, semitrailer;
an employee being between a towing vehicle with a running engine and a trailer or towed vehicle during hitching or uncoupling;
using random items as a tug;
uncoordinated actions of the drivers of the towing and towed vehicles.
2.5. For failure to comply with the requirements of the instructions developed on the basis of this standard instruction, an employee who tows, couples, uncouples cars or a car and a trailer (semitrailer) is liable in accordance with applicable law.
3. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
BEFORE STARTING WORK
3.1. Before starting work, an employee who towed, coupled, uncoupled cars or a car and a trailer (semi-trailer) must:
check the serviceability of trailers (semi-trailers), their towing devices, the presence and serviceability of devices and tools;
remove unauthorized persons from the work area.
4. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK
4.1. Before hitching and uncoupling the car and the trailer (semi-trailer), the latter must be braked with the parking brake, and chocks (shoes) must be placed under the wheels.
4.2. During the delivery of the towing vehicle to the towed vehicle, it is prohibited for people to stay between this vehicle and the moving vehicle.
4.3. Coupling or uncoupling should be carried out on a flat horizontal surface, and the longitudinal axis of the semitrailer being coupled must coincide with the longitudinal axis of the towing vehicle.
4.4. The hitching of a road train consisting of a car and two or more trailers must be carried out by three people - the driver, the person making the hitching, and the person coordinating their work.
In exceptional cases (long-distance flights, removal of agricultural products from the fields, etc.), the coupling is diluted to one driver.
4.5. Before hitching a trailer (semi-trailer), the driver must make sure that:
connecting hoses and electric wires do not interfere with coupling;
the sides are closed;
fifth wheel coupling, kingpin and their fastenings are in good order;
the front part of the semi-trailer is positioned in such a way that, when hitching, the front edge of the support sheet hits the skid or saddle.
4.6. When hitching or pricing, the trailer drawbar, which does not have retaining springs, should be installed on a stand that prevents it from falling.
4.7. It is allowed to release the trailer or semitrailer and remove the stops from under the wheels only after the end of the coupling.
4.8. Before the person doing the hitching or uncoupling gets between the car and the trailer, the car driver must brake his car with the parking brake, turn off the engine and put the gear (controller) lever in neutral position.
4.10. Towing a vehicle on a rigid or flexible hitch must be carried out with the driver behind the wheel of the towed vehicle, except for cases when the design of the rigid hitch ensures that the towed vehicle follows the trajectory of the towing vehicle in straight-line motion.
4.11. When towing on a flexible hitch, the distance between the towing and towed vehicles must be within 4-6 m, and when towing on a rigid hitch - no more than 4 m.
4.12. Towing prohibited:
vehicles with no steering control (towing by partial loading is allowed);
two or more vehicles;
vehicles with an inoperative braking system, if their actual mass is more than half of the actual mass of the towing vehicle. With a lower actual mass, towing of such vehicles is allowed only on a rigid hitch or by partial loading;
in ice on a flexible hitch.
4.13. When towing on a flexible or rigid hitch, it is forbidden to find people in the towed bus, in the body of the towed truck.
When towing by partial loading, it is prohibited for people to stay in the cab or body of the towed vehicle, as well as in the body of the towing vehicle.
4.14. When towing on a flexible hitch, do not pull on the cable jerkily. It is forbidden to find people closer than 6 m from the tensioned cable.
4.15. Towing metal cables should have loops at the ends with a special seal.
5. REQUIREMENTSSAFETY IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
5.1. The employee must immediately inform the administration of the enterprise about each accident, of which he was an eyewitness, and the victim must provide first aid, call a doctor, help deliver the victim to a health center or the nearest medical institution.
If an accident happened to the employee himself, he should, if possible, contact the health center, inform the administration of the enterprise about the incident, or ask someone around to do it.
6. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AT THE END OF WORK
6.1. At the end of the work.
