It is planned to introduce a new Dubdecker model, which is planned to be commissioned since 2011.
London bus service from 1855 to 1933 was engaged in London General Omnibus Company ( english), This company purchased buses for the entire capital. Since 1911, buses under the needs of the city are specially designed: in 1911, LGOC B-Type came out on the line ( english) Own production in a wooden body on a wooden chassis, the second floor is open. In 1922, he was changed by the NS-Type bus, he originally had an open second floor, but in 1925 the city authorities introduced a ban on the operation of open-top buses and almost 1,700 copies were modifications. In the early 1930s, a three-storey single-storey LT Class bus was released, which was distinguished by increased passenger capacity. He was changed by a bus released after the war.
1956-2005
On the other hand, this bus has become part of the English culture and the completion of these buses was perceived by society as act of cultural vandalism. In addition, the role of conductors in the cabin of the bus contributed to improving the safety of passengers and a decrease in the number of vandalism facts in the buses cabin. In addition, people with disabilities did not receive large advantages from the release of other types of buses, as the advertised ranks for disabled worked far from all machines.
After 2006.
In December 2007, on the eve of the Summer Olympic Games of 2012, a project for the development of a new urban bus for London started. The project was called "New London Bus" (in the original - New Bus 4 London), officially the result of the competition was presented in 2010. The project began the mayor of London Ken Livingston, the final version presented Boris Johnson.
A fundamentally bus is a hybrid scheme, drive on the front wheels - a diesel engine with a volume of 4.5 liters. The rear wheels are rotated by electric motors from lithium-ion batteries. Batteries charge from solar batteries On the roof of the bus, at night the battery nourishes electric generator. Balance system between energy sources manages on-board computerThis computer also controls the bus acceleration. Management systems are created jointly TFL ( english) And Wrightbus.
Structurally, it resembles a rutmaster, the aluminum body is installed on the frame. There are additional doors in the bus construction and the second staircase to the second floor. The classic rear area remained, but it is closed with a light door.
Separate cars
Separate two-storey machines were widely known:
Notes
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Categories:
- Cars presented in 2011
- Cars 2010
- Cars by alphabetic
- Expected events
- Expected cars
- Transportation London
- Double-decker buses
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London double-decker buses are considered one of London's business cards. And it is not surprising, because the colorful and possessing an unusual design, they decorate the streets of the city for many years. Today we collected a dozen interesting facts About the capital Routemaster and share with you!
Why the Routemaster is red
Until 1907, each bus route in London had its color. To stand out on the background of competitors, London General Omnibus painted its buses to Red. Later he became dominant among all, and red buses filled London roads.
When the first analogue of the modern bus appeared
On Saturday, July 4, 1829, George Silibe launched the first Omnibus to London's streets - the cartbed of the top three horses in which 22 people could fit. The idea of \u200b\u200bsuch urban transport he borrowed from Paris.
Photo: Shutterstock 3 Why "Rootmasters" appeared on the roads
London Dubdekers Routemaster was commissioned in 1959 as a replacement of trolleybuses.
When buses changed red color to another
In 1977, the metropolitan "Routmasters" painted in silver color in honor of the Silver Jubilee of the Queen - 25 years on the throne. In 2012, they found the Golden Color - in honor of the Diamond Jubilee Elizabeth II on the throne.
Photo: shutterstock 5 What functions still performed Routemaster for their history
During World War II, buses were used to transport postal pigeons.
Is there a vintage "Rotmaster" on the streets of London
Despite the fact that doubledeckers are a symbol of London, in 2005 the first samples of "Rootmasters" removed from flights. But two vintage buses are still running through the streets of the city.
Photo: Shutterstock 7 How much did the passage in the first Omnibus
The fare in the Omnibus of George Shiliber was one shilling for a trip from Paddington station to Bank and six pence for a trip to half the route.
Is it easy to become a driver of a London bus
To get behind the wheel of a London bus, drivers need to pass the 55-hour training course.
Photo: Shutterstock 9 Is it possible to track the location of buses
Metropolitan doubledeckers are equipped with GPS navigators, thanks to this, you can learn about the movement of buses using a map.
Mystic and buses
There is a legend that the ghost bus travels through London roads. It is said that at the intersection of Saint Marx Road and Cambridge Gardens often see the bus at number 7, which suddenly appears and also disappears. Perhaps this story would not take care among urban legends if there were many accidents in this place under mysterious circumstances.
Photo: shutterstock Which places it is better to occupy in the London bus for contemplating urban attractions, read.
London bus is the second most popular public species Transport in the British capital. First place he is inferior to the metro, as the subway does not know the words "traffic jams". For a hundred years of its existence, Dubdkener, besides the means of movement, has become for London one of the essential business cards.
Company London Buses.
This division of the Public Law Corporation Transport For London is responsible for the services provided by the public transport services to Londoners and residents of nearby counties. London Buses manages the current routes and the creation of new, bus stops, and also observes the quality of service. Every year, about two billion people enjoys buses, metro and other vehicles in London.
History of production
Surely many know how the London bus is called. Modern English term "doubledecer" in translation means "two-story". In 1911, the first LGOC B-Type bus was designed. Its body and chassis were wooden, and the second floor is open. After 10 years, NS-Type came to replace him. The second floor of the new bus was also open, as in the previous model.
In 1925, a ban was imposed on public transport Without the roofs, therefore almost two thousands of previously issued copies were subject to modifications. To the Second World War in London, LT Class single-storey buses were kicked, which transported the same number of passengers as the two-storey.
Rotmaster, worked on lines from 1956 to 2005 inclusive. The external and inner view of the bus changed over time, he was constantly improved for the needs of passengers. The low-floor Rotmaster was created for the elderly and disabled. Later, London double-decker buses were redone under the control of one person - the driver.
In 2005, the work of Rotmaster on the routes was discontinued. This event society perceived as an act of vandalism, since this species Transport has become an integral part of the culture of England.
Rotmaster today
At the time of termination of this model of buses of these machines, there were more than 500 pieces. Spinned Rothemasters are still sold to everyone. The price of the bus is about 10 thousand English pounds. Five cars are located in the London Museum of Public Transport. Many rootmasters carry the guests of the capital during excursions.
There is a Routemaster Association club, which includes owners of this buses. The purpose of the Organization is educational work on this technique, as well as supporting connections with spare parts suppliers.
Symbol of the British capital - DoubleDecker
To date, London runs 8 thousand red buses. Doubledekener has hybrid schema and diesel engine by 4.5 liters. Two rear wheels Rotate due to the electric motor with lithium-ion batteries. Interesting is the fact that externally dubdekener is practically no different from its predecessor. However, the modern bus has an extra door and a staircase to the second floor.
To travel on Dubldecere, you must purchase a ticket in advance or use the Oyster Card, because the conductor services are not provided in the cabin. Between the floors of the bus is the scoreboard, on which the direction of movement and the bus number is written in yellow. In the capital there are specially equipped stops (markup on the road with the inscription "BUS STOP"). In addition, the driver at the request of passengers can land them in a convenient place for them.
Rating reviews
As residents of London and guests of the city speak well about this type of transport. Most people celebrate the prevailing comfort of trips on the second floor of the bus. According to passengers, there is a lot daylight and fresh air. On the first floor of a doubledecker ceiling is lower than on the second. This creates a feeling of cramped. Armchairs are very comfortable. They are covered with matter and remind office chairs. Everyone passenger place It has a handrail with a button to open at the request. The distance between the chairs is quite wide. Drivers of doubledecers are polite, tidy dressed people. Many salons are equipped with video surveillance cameras.
The speed of two-storey buses is small. This is due to the impressive car size and with an abundance of another transport on the roads. So if you are in a hurry - use the metro, the rest of the London Red Bus - perfect optionBecause the passage on it will still be faster than walking.
Big Bus Company Double Adcursion Excursions
The journey organized by this company is an excellent solution for inspecting the British capital for 48 hours. Buying a ticket via the Internet, you save the cost of the journey itself is about 30 English pounds. At the same time, the daily and night tour includes a trip to the boat on the Thames and hiking. A friendly character will meet you on the bus. In a two-story doubledecer on the blue route there is an audio guide for Russian-speaking guests. During the trip, you will learn a lot of exciting stories with historical details. From the windows of the bus offers a beautiful view of the majestic London.
Cognitive routes of London Bus
Flight 15 from Trafalgar Square, traveling through Strange and Olvil, and a route at number 9 from Albert Hall is performed on the Rutmaster who loved by all Londoners. Travel is the same amount as the journey on a modern doubledecere, so the townspeople often use it as everyday trips to work.
The 74th route leaves from the Putney Bridge metro station by Palace Full. The bus passing by Museums and Kensington's Museums, Dorchester Hotel and Harrods Department Store. Then goes on the guide park to the final stop next to the museum and the apartment of Sherlock Holmes on Baker Street.
The path of the 24th route begins in an unusually bright area of \u200b\u200bLondon called Camden Town, on the territory of which restaurants, bars and ethnic market are located. A bus trip to the London bus is performed through the Trafalgar Square, West end, the Royal Guard building, Big Ben and Westminster Abbey. The final station of the 24th route is at Scotland Yard.
For the history of the London bus, he managed during the Second World War to visit indispensable transport for the transport of postal pigeons. To become the driver of the Capital symbol, who wants to pass the 55-hour special course of study. Passengers have the ability to track the location of the bus of interest using Internet cards, since dubdecors are equipped with a GPS-navigator.
Some concerns the question of what color London buses were in the past? Here the answer directly depends on the time frame. At the beginning of the last century, public transport was multi-colored, but among all the colors still prevailed blue. Later, this tint was recognized as inexpedient, because in the fog to see it was very hard. By the way, for the same reason, the black color of the telephone booth has been changed to red. The tragic case occurred on July 7, 2005 with the Dennis Trident 2. It was blown up during a series of terrorist attacks. Route number 30 has become fatal for 13 people.
It is no secret that England has always been a mystical country. Therefore, it is not surprising that such a fate did not bypassed London buses. According to one of the legends, at the crossroads of Cambridge Gardens and Saint Marx Road, many see a red two-storey bus with number 7. "Eyewitnesses" claim that it suddenly appears and as if it dissolves in the air. Probably, this mystical story would not take care among other legends of London, if it were not for the fact that many car accidents occurred at inexplicable circumstances.
20.12.2011
The legendary Red London Dubdeks will serve Londoners and guests of the city from February 20, 2012. It was this date that the Mayor of London's Mayor Boris Johnson, who presented the first of the new London Dubdecors on Trafalgar Square in the capital of Great Britain. The last of the legendary two-storey buses of the Routemasters model ceased to go to the route in December 2005, although some still serve tourist excursions.
The mayor of London, during his speech, promised that the new doubledeckers would be "environmental."
The first of the new doubledecker buses belongs transport company "Arriva". It will begin to discuss passengers on February 20, 2012 to the trice in the eighth route (which runs from Victoria Station to Hackney in the eastern part of London). Boris Johnson in his speech noted: "It will be the most modern, most stylish buses, an excellent achievement of engineering and design. I am sure that they will love them in the same way as the previous one, the most that have long become one of the symbols of our city. "
The book "History of the London bus" of the authorship of John Christopher, published by the History Press publishing house, tells in detail the history of one of the most recognizable symbols of the capital of the UK. The first bus company began to serve customers in 1829. She was headed by the specializing in the design of the buses George Scheilber, who took a similar bus service service, which already existed in Paris. George Shotbera service has several horse crews that served clients. The company quickly became popular and caused many imitations. By the end of the nineteenth century, the monopolist in the industry was the company "London Omnibus Company" - London General Omnibus Company (LGOC). In the photo - the traditional bus company London Omnibus Company London General Omnibus Company (LGOC), approximately 1910, Piccadilly.
The journey on the harness of Horses Omnibus was not the most pleasant pastime, the author of the book "History of the London Bus" John Christopher says. Omnibus was driving with very low speed, the wooden seats were tough and uncomfortable. One of the possible solutions to the problem with the speed of movement was the innovation - the horses were dragged by the Omnibus trailer on special smooth metal rails. Such omnibuses began to call "horse trams", they were, in fact, were predecessors of ordinary trams, which appeared at the end of the 1930 century. In the photo - the electric tram, the next route from Clapham to Westminster.
The first buses with the engine appeared in 1899. The first bus with the engine running in mass productionIs the so-called B-Type Bus bus that appeared in 1910. By 1913, approximately two and a half thousand such buses served passengers, developing maximum speed up to 16 miles per hour. Over the next few years, they roldled with Omnibus at London streets, and the Omnibuses, of course, were forced to give up, because the horses were played in comparison with the engine. "
When a war began in August 1914, hundreds of buses were withdrawn by the needs of the army. Some turned into mobile hospitals, others were responsible for shipping food and ammunition to soldiers. Nezhotyr even turned into mobile pigeons - pigeon mail was still actively used on the front. In the photo - British troops on the second floor of buses of type "B-Type Bus", Arras.
After the end of the war, the rapid expansion of the territory of London in combination with a high cost of serving trams led to the fact that more and more bus routes began to appear. By 1930, for the year about two billion bus trips were committed in the year, which was doubled the number of bus travel ten years ago. Many of the bus companies of that period even handled their buses for the solemn events. In the photo - a poster advertising the rental of buses, 1924, Derby.
In 1933, London buses were joined by the newly created company London Transport. There are many new buses, including Stl-Type (pictures) buses. "These buses had a separate driver's cabin and the indoor second floor, they had already resembled modern buses," John Christopher says in their book.
One of the main priorities during World War II was to preserve the London transport system for the London transport system to ensure uninterrupted transportation of workers, physicians and staff. The buses window closed with special grids to prevent possible passenger injuries if the glass breaks near the bomb explosion nearby. The headlights of the buses began to make more dull so that they do not become targets for enemy bombing. Nevertheless, many of the London buses were destroyed during the London Blitz.
GUY ARAB II G35 bus model, designed and built in 1945 from cheap materials low quality. This bus had rigid wooden seats from raw wood.
By 1946, the victim during World War II London transport system began to recover. Buses at this time used a greater number of people than ever before. The last tram was removed from the route on July 5, 1952, as finalized popularity of transport. The number of buses increased, new jobs appeared - after all, new drivers and conductors were constantly required. Women were very hard for this work.
After the war in London, buses of new models appeared. In the photo of the one-storey bus LEYLAND Tiger PS1 model, built in 1949. By the end of 1953, the London Transport transport company was at the disposal of London Transport more than seven thousand double-decker buses dubldecors and 893 buses with one floor.
In 1956, for the first time, the most famous London bus appeared - the very "Routemaster". The embodiment of London of the sixties of the last century, he is innovative on the design decision. The bus received great popularity among Londoners and guests of the British capital. The reason for this was main feature Bus designs - the presence of an open platform from behind, through which the input and output was carried out. Doors have no doors. The open platform allowed to quickly go out and enter the bus, not only at stops, but also when standing at the intersection or in traffic. A total of about 3,000 such buses were built.
In 1968, the production of these buses was stopped, more modern and efficient models appeared, which did not need a team of two people for service. Many buses of Routemaster were still used, but in 2004 Ken Livingstone, which was then the mayor of the British capital, announced the termination of this model of buses. This decision caused a wave of public protests. As a result, the buses of this model continue to serve two sightseeing tourist routes: from Trafalgar Square to the Tower Bridge, and from Albert Hall on Strand to Alvitz. On the photo - the Routemaster bus on Trafalgar Square.
Some of the buses currently operating in the capital. were designed specifically for London streets. On the photo - the Daimler DMS1 bus1 bus (left) next to the Routemaster bus bus, which he has to be replaced. Alas, the Daimler DMS1 bus has not been popular with Londoners.
Another bus that did not like Londoners is the so-called "Harmoshka Bus", which presented Ken Livingstone in 2002. These buses could be easier to maneuver in the streets, they had other advantages, but they were criticized for the danger they represented for pedestrians and cyclists. One of the readers of the newspaper The Daily Telegraph wrote a letter to the editors, where he claimed that such buses were evil to pure form. To date, they are all removed from the route.
Lilac London bus that has changed in honor of the premiere of the third film about Harry Lost. London buses are usually red, but after the company in 1980, in the conduct of which they are privatized, many of them changed their painting. 25 buses were repainted in 1977 to the Silver Anniversary of the Queen Elizabeth, 25 was repainted in the golden color to the monarchy anniversary of the monarchy in 2002.
Original taken from Aganian
In the UK very much attention It is paid to the symbolism of the state. The British adore the royal family, consider the style of the style of their own flag and constantly talk about British weather, so she gained world glory.
Two-storey buses are used completely extremely popular, which, by the way, are used in a variety of countries in the world. But it was the London Red Double Decker that became one of the brightest symbols of his country. Today we will see how the story began famous busesAnd let's talk about what they have become in recent years.
So, the very first buses appeared in England in the first half of the 19th century, namely - in 1829. They wore the name "Omnibuses" and were harnessed by horses. The first prototypes of modern two-storey buses had a closed first class for wealthy citizens and an open second for ordinary people.
Over time, the links were laid for Omnibus, and with the arrival of electricity, the Omnibuses themselves were replaced with two-storey trams. Then they were replaced by trolleybuses, in parallel with which modern buses appeared.
The most famous two-storey bus can be called Routemaster (from the English: the owner of the roads). This bus appeared in the capital of England in 1956 and became a popular symbol of London himself and the whole country as a whole. There were many reasons for such mad popularity, but the main one of them was undoubtedly the unique design of Rutmater. This bus has no doors, and the inlet-out of passengers was produced through the open rear platform. Thanks to this unusual design, it was possible to get off the bus not only at stops, but also in traffic jams, on traffic lights and intersections.
A few years ago, Routemaster was decided to remove from London's streets, as he did not meet modern security requirements. However, on routes 9 and 15 old buses are still driving. After the write-off of "Rutmaster" was put up for sale, and with hunting, museums, individuals and commercial companies repented them. Today, these popular buses can be found in Canada, Malaysia, Japan and other countries of the world.
The last few decades, London double-decker buses are constantly changing, become more comfortable, safe, environmentally friendly and modern, but not one new model Can't compare with Routemaster. That is why at the end of 2011, a new, more modern and safe two-storey "Rutmaster" appeared on the streets of London, which already managed to love the inhabitants of the city.
