Russian engineer Vasily Vasilyevich Shkondin invented a fundamentally new electric motor with amazing characteristics. The invention does not fit into the scientific theory of electromagnetism, which once again in practice proves the need to change the scientific paradigm ...
On the very border of the Moscow region, beyond the Oka River, 80 kilometers from the Moscow Ring Road, there is a charming "science town" Pushchino. Seriously pompous - "science city" - it somehow does not suit him, just a little more than 20 thousand inhabitants. They, however, account for as many as 9 research institutes and the Radiophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences. And one inventor is Vasily Shkondin.
Where genius hides
We are waiting for Vasily Vasilyevich in the parking lot of the Protein Institute - there he rents premises for a laboratory workshop. "Frost and sun is a wonderful day." A fresh foreign minivan appears, with Shkondin himself driving. Invites you to follow him. We drive along the winding paths of the institute and finally we park on a tiny area in front of the back of some large one-story building that resembles a medium-sized workshop. We get to know each other - at first glance (and at the second, too) the inventor does not at all pull on born in 1941. The pre-prepared image of the "unrecognized genius" melts like a park in the wind.
We are greeted and sniffed by a medium-sized hound. It can be seen from the eyes that he is not a puppy for a long time, he is a serious companion and he is Shkondin's first surprise. The inventor claims that the dog is 22 years old. He read the distrust on my face and called the assistants as witnesses - as it turned out, he nailed to the workshop as a very small puppy in 1992, from the first day of the lease. I thought - maybe the institute is not engaged in research on the structure and functions of protein, but long ago decided the question of how to overcome old age? And Shkondin is suspiciously young and energetic ...
Inside a small one, no more than 100 sq. m, a room divided into three spaces, the atmosphere of a typical bike shop. Wherever you look - frames, wheels, scooters and a solid three-wheeled bike. Closely ... A huge antediluvian milling machine takes up a lot of space. And only after looking closely, you notice that the wheels are unusual - there are discs inside the rims, outwardly something like boxes from a film strip. Testers, magnets and some other completely unfamiliar parts dominate on desktops.
Technique on the verge of fantasy
A weighty three-seater and three-wheeled rickshaw bike, with huge soft seats, a heavy frame, wide wheels and completely devoid of any fairings designed to save fuel and energy (shoe box aerodynamics, or even worse), can overcome 14 liters of fuel without refueling 1400 km - the merit of the Shkondin motor-wheels. Consumption - 1 liter per 100 kilometers. A large and powerful motor was thrown away, a small and weak gasoline engine was installed, which is designed to compensate for mechanical losses and recharge the batteries. The dynamics are brutal. It remains to create a structure with noble shapes, originally designed for the Shkondin's motor-wheels, and a revolution in the automobile industry will be inevitable.
It was possible to test in practice not the newest and most "simple" development of Vasily Vasilyevich - a bicycle with a motor in the rear wheel and several batteries. Shkondin looked at me doubtfully, at the snow and ice, switched the engine to low speed (up to 40 km / h), instructed: “The brakes are normal, do not turn the pedals. Here is the throttle, like on a motorcycle. "
I perched on the saddle (minus 22 Celsius, a thick sweater and a sheepskin coat are not the most comfortable clothes for "running tests" of cycling equipment) and turned the throttle handle towards myself. With difficulty he parried the desire of the great to stand on the rear wheel and overturn the rider. From behind I hear Shkondin's scream: "Caution !!!" Desperately I brake - less than a meter is left to the brick wall ... Only then I realized, realized what power lurks in these Shkondinsky motor-wheels. I got used to it, made a few laps, dreamed - oh, I would have such a miracle - to cut across Moscow in the summer.
Vasily Vasilyevich often flies on it to his dacha in the Tula region. It is not very far, a little over 30 kilometers. The advantage of its motor-wheels over all the others is not only low weight, many times large distances of runs on small and completely ordinary acid batteries (he also showed ultra-modern batteries, they will be installed on new models), but also a colossal thrust, a moment of force, expressed in newton meters (Nm). Uphill, like on imported electric bicycles, you don't need to pedal. Motor-wheels for bicycles and scooters at maximum electrical powercomparable to a compact grinder, have a torque of up to 65 Nm - confirmed by tests at MPEI.
For information: for a gasoline engine internal combustion subcompact car (the same "Zhiguli") this figure is 70 Nm... And efficiency - 30% ... For motor-wheels, the latter figure reaches the unthinkable 94% ... Therefore, to evaluate Shkondin engines by power in watts and horse power meaningless, and this was recognized by all experts from scientific institutions.
And Shkondin also boasted a motor suitable for a light helicopter or airplane. Held in hands - heavy, more 20 kg... But its power, in terms of thrust, in terms of torque, is 270 Nm... By automotive standards - a modern three-liter six-cylinder engine with a capacity of over 200 h.p.! For twin-engined aircraft 4-8 seats - the very thing.
Vasily Shkondin has exhibited his technique many times around the world. Gives for testing and testing in reputable domestic and foreign institutes and laboratories. Everything that was created by other designers and companies in this area is inferior to Shkondin's motor-wheels in all respects: with equal power, the weight is three times more, the energy consumption is twice as high, the speed is several times lower.
Fuss around the wheels
Shkondin patented his invention - the first generation wheel motor - in 1991. And since then he has been busy developing it. Today the fourth generation is ready. He keeps his know-how to himself, does not reveal all the secrets. The crooks have repeatedly tried to bypass it, they are attracted by the seeming simplicity of the design. It seems to be a minimum of details, no computer sophistication, "critical" technologies. But everything that is primitively copied (stolen) from him works, in best case, like a normal electric motor.
There was a moment - a couple of successful businessmen rushed to Cyprus on a private plane (some time ago he had the opportunity to spend time there for a long time). Spun around, looked at the equipment and said - we pay any money for a couple of bicycles. No question, Shkondin sold it. A month and a half later, the same couple reappeared on the horizon, but with disgruntled faces and the claim: "We made your motor-wheels one to one, but they don't work!" Shkondin was not surprised, advised not to follow the Chinese path, but to buy a license: “When you bought it, they said, will we ride? So go for a drive ".
Whole laboratories and research teams have been trying to unravel its secrets abroad for a long time, with solid, hundreds of employees, staff. There were both ours and English "partners". And all as one were engaged in attracting hundreds of millions of dollars, conducting marketing research, seducing themselves with the apparent simplicity of the design, admiring the prospects and, not having time to start serial production, out of greed, threw the inventor out of business... As a result, their copies remained ordinary fakes.
The only country where Shkondin's motor-wheels are produced is India... So "successfully" he once collaborated with a team of people from Alfa Group. Under his motor-wheels, they acquired the world's largest bicycle factory (10 thousand bicycles per day). Some of them are specially designed for the installation of motor wheels. But here, too, the lack of participation of the author of the invention affected - the motor-wheels of the Indian spill have long been inferior to his subsequent developments.
Not a perpetual motion machine
The efficiency of his inventions, of course, is unusually high, close to the coveted unit, but still, as Vasily Vasilyevich says, “a few amperes are not enough”. And these amperes must be replenished somewhere, with the help of the same classic internal combustion engines or storage batteries, which, when charging, consume energy not from "space", but generated at various hydroelectric power plants, nuclear power plants, thermal power plants, etc. It turns out that his case is by no means a revolutionary breakthrough into the unknown and is fully consistent with the postulates of generally accepted physical theories. Or is Mr. Shkondin darkening, hiding something?
At the exit from Pushchino towards the highway to Moscow, there is a banner over the road. Not the usual protocol "Bon voyage!" (read - "a tablecloth path" or "get out of here, but quickly"), and for the first time met - "Come back!".
Well, we will definitely return to the motor-wheels and generators of Shkondin. Today Shkondin's works are in demand, large concern prepares sites for mass production motor-wheels and related equipment, possibly for military purposes. His workshop moved to spacious premises under 2 thousand square meters. meters. And the situation is right, statesmen of all levels are recklessly talking about the need for "modernization" and "innovation". Here are the cards in their hands.
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Shkondin engine
Vasily Shkondin "Perpetual motion machine for a car"
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It is quite common to see a metal disc inside the axle of a bicycle wheel today. It is not difficult to guess that this is nothing more than a bicycle electric motor - a motor-wheel - an invention of the scientist Vasily Vasilyevich Shkondin. Several decades ago, it seemed quite incredible to convert an ordinary bicycle into an electric one with the help of a small set of electrical components, and therefore it is worth paying tribute to the Russian scientist, who has been actively introducing his main invention into the transport industry for more than 20 years - a pulsed-inertial electric motor-wheel.
The history of labor achievements of a person who has received awards for inventions related to electric transport technologies more than once deserves special attention of our readers. Pretty successful attempts combining the engine with the wheel together, so that there was no need for a transmission, were undertaken back in the XІX century. On April 14, 1900, a Lohner-Porsche electric car with electric motor-wheels was seen at the Paris World Expo. This propulsion system in the car was implemented by none other than the young engineer Ferdinand Porsche - worldwide famous manufacturer cars in the 19th century. People liked the design of Porsche's motor-wheels so much that starting in 1911, not only cars, but also trolleybuses, dump trucks, and railway locomotives began to be equipped with wheel electric motors of the Lonera-Porsche system. True, with development gasoline engines, motor-wheels began to be found in cars much less often, but the idea itself - such a development simply could not be forgotten. Then why did the motor-wheels begin to be used only in large vehicles and did the bicycles a little bypassed? Didn't two-wheeled vehicles deserve attention? The fact is that it was quite difficult for the designers of that time to achieve a combination of the high performance of a bicycle motor-wheel and its low weight. As a rule, the motor-wheels found on the vehicles of the 19th century were rather cumbersome, but in principle, we didn't have to bother with weight, because these electric motors were installed on rather large, weighty vehicles. A tiny bicycle is a completely different matter ... Between 1860 and 1895, several versions of electric bicycles were created, among which there were also models with motor-wheels. In 1895, Ogden Bolton received a patent for the development of a constant current brush-commutator motor, introduced in inner space rear wheel... Attempts to equip bicycles with motor-wheels have been made more than once, but due to the fact that bicycle electric motors were quite weighty and did not provide the development of a sufficient torque indicator, this invention was in oblivion for quite a long time.
It was possible to create a cheap electric bicycle motor-wheel of very small dimensions and low weight, but with excellent torque, and even with only one single rotating part, it was possible in the 1980s. engineer Vasily Vasilievich Shkondin. Having set himself the goal of creating an engine that is significantly superior to traditional motors in terms of performance indicators, an employee of the Institute of the Russian Language. AS Pushkin, a journalist by education V. Shkondin collected a working sample of a pulse-inertial engine. The principles of unipolar and alternating impulses were subsequently confirmed by a number of patents issued in the name of the inventor.
V. Shkondin's invention was truly revolutionary, because he was the first in many years to solve the problem of establishing an ideal balance between a bicycle and an electric motor. At the World Salon of Inventions "Brussels - Eureka - 1990" Vasily Shkondin was awarded the title of person of the year, and for his development of an electric wheelchair he received gold medal... Somewhat later, the Russian inventor received awards at exhibitions in Brussels, Geneva, Saule, Hanover, Paris. But sadly, world fame knocked on the door of Vasily Vasilyevich not immediately, few people showed commercial interest in his creations. The scientist's inventions were regularly patented, but for quite a long time the matter did not reach mass production. Having received no support at home, Shkondin headed west. In 1992 Shkondin received a patent for his invention in the USA. In the mid-1990s, appeals to representatives of foreign countries bore fruit - the assembly of electric bicycles based on the Shkondin engine was established in Cyprus. In 1997, the World Bank became interested in the program of electrification of V.V.Shkondin's bicycle transport, which, starting in 1998, decided to equip rickshaws in Bangladesh with motor-wheels of its development, but it did not go further than the release of a small edition of electric tricycles. But in 2003, true happiness awaited the Russian scientist - his invention was highly appreciated by the English company Flintstone Technologies, which, without hesitation, decided to make significant financial investments in the development of electric vehicles with Shkondin's motor-wheels, as it saw in this invention significant commercial advantages. To implement this project, the company "Ultra Motors" was even created, whose statutory capital at the time of its foundation was almost a million dollars. In this company, Vasily Shkondin, as expected, took the position of technical director. According to unofficial data, Flintstone Technologies owned more than 44% of the shares of the newly formed company. As they say, happiness is never superfluous ... In the same significant for Shkondin 2003, another financial "injection" took place in the implementation of his development - the company "Russian Technologies" also acted as an investor, placing "high hopes" on the project of Vasily Vasilyevich , estimated at more than one million dollars. I became interested in ecologically safe and efficient motor-wheels indian company Crompton Greaves. In 2005, she started producing the motor-wheels of the Vasily Shkondin system in order to complete bicycles, scooters, tricycles, wheelchairs, loading electric cars with them.
V. Shkondin positions his main invention as a motor-wheel. Although in itself a collector electrical engine can be modified and used in all kinds of electrical engineering, its main purpose is to expand the possibilities of bicycle transport. In order to understand the features and principle of operation of the Shkondin wheel motor, it must first of all be compared with a standard motor. direct current and a brushless electric motor.
Brushless version of the Shkondin wheel motor
Shkondin received several patents for his inventions, but most importantly, the Russian scientist considered the possibility of using an engine without a collector (brush-collector unit) in an electric vehicle. The Shkondin electric motor is a combination of magnetic tracks that dynamically change parameters when switching the windings of electromagnets.
Scheme of windings and brush assembly of Shkondin motor-wheel
First, Vasily Vasilyevich tested his engine in a wheelchair, after which he decided to install a motor-wheel on a bicycle, scooter, motorcycle and even a car. As noted by the developer, the motor proved to be excellent in all configuration options. Since the electric motor integrated into the inner space of the wheel vehicle, no longer had a gearbox, gears and transmission, it turned out to be much stronger and more durable.
As for the design, the Shkondin electric motor is arranged quite simply - it consists of only 5-6 main parts. The design of this impulse inertial electric motor is somewhat similar to the electric generator of John Searl, therefore, understanding the principles of the latter, one can easily figure out the operation of the Shkondinov motor-wheel. The main elements of the wheel motor are an internal stator with a circular magnetic drive and an external rotor. On the stator, at the same distance from each other, 11 pairs of magnets of neodymium-iron-boron composition are placed, forming 22 poles. On the rotor, separated from the stator by an air gap, there are 6 horseshoe-shaped electromagnets arranged in pairs and shifted by 120 ° in relation to each other. Due to the fact that the distance between the poles of the rotor electromagnets is equal to the distance between the stator magnets, when one of the poles of the electromagnets comes into contact with the adjacent poles of the stator magnets, there is no contact between the poles of other electromagnets with the poles of the magnets. When the position of the poles of the magnets relative to each other changes, a gradient of the magnetic field strength is created, which, in fact, is the source of the formation of torque. It turns out that at a certain point in time, the torque forms five rotor electromagnets and 20 stator magnets.
Other components of the Shkondin motor-wheel design are a distribution manifold fixed to the stator housing, consisting of separate conductive plates, isolated from each other, the number of which is equal to the number of electromagnets, and current collectors with current collection elements. Each of the plates is connected to one of the terminals of the coils of two adjacent electromagnets. Each of the electromagnets has two coils with sequentially opposite winding direction. The principle of creating the winding of these electromagnets is as follows: if one coil is wound clockwise, then the other is performed counterclockwise. The windings of the coils of neighboring electromagnets are connected in series, and the leads of the opposite ones are connected to each other. The number of turns in the windings of opposite electromagnets can be different.
The operation of the Shkondin electric motor is based on the action of the forces of electromagnetic attraction and repulsion observed during the interaction of the rotor electromagnets and neodymium stator magnets. When an electromagnet passes between the axes of neodymium magnets, a magnetic pole of the same name is formed with the pole of the magnet, which it has already managed to overcome, and opposite to the pole of the magnet to which it moves. In other words, an electromagnet is repelled from one magnet and attracted to another - the next one in the direction of rotation. This electromagnetic interaction ensures the rotation of the rim. If the electromagnet reaches the axis of the magnet, then it is de-energized, since this is where the current collector is located. The use of a kind of "pauses" allows you to significantly save the energy of the vehicle batteries, feeding the engine only when it is beneficial. The speed of rotation of the motor-wheel directly depends on the amount of electricity supplied to the conductive plates.
The efficiency of the electric motor is 83%. When creating thrust in the electric motor, back emf is not observed, however, at idling the design of the electric motor-wheel allows the most efficient way to return part of the energy to the batteries due to the formation of the back-emf, and not only at the moment of braking, thus significantly increasing the range electric bike (energy recovery function).
The outer body protective part of the Shkondin electric motor has holes for threading the spokes and connecting to the rim of the bicycle wheel.
Vasily Shkondin assumed the possibility of placing the rotor, as with outside stator, and from the inside (figure 1, figure 2). As for the design of the engine, its shape can also be changed from wheel-like, say, to a cylinder, like the one that is popular among a number of DC motors. The last moment is especially important, as it does possible use electric motors of the constructive development of Vasily Shkondin not only during assembly land transport, but also air, space. In addition to the electric motor, Vasily Vasilyevich assembled several options for generators that could be used in parallel with electric motors. When the electric motors provide the spatial movement of the vehicle, the electric generators will provide the generation of electrical energy to power the storage batteries, thus increasing the efficiency of the electrical installation up to 90%. Among the technological developments of Shkondin, the symbiosis of an electric motor and a generator, complemented by a solar battery, stands out.
Shkondin electric motor with a stator inside the rotor
Shkondin electric motor with a rotor inside the stator
As for the advantages of Shkondin motor wheels, they are characterized not only by their low weight and affordable price, but also with a higher performance than an electric motor of a standard design. Shkondin's invention with a relatively simple design free inertial motion, high speed rotation. So, on a 300W electric motor, released according to his idea, you can accelerate without pedals to 25-30 km / h at flat road... The speed of movement across the terrain from slopes of 8 degrees will not be entirely low - about 20-22 km / h. Supports energy recovery during braking and descending rechargeable batteries up to 180W of energy.
Thanks to the use of a small number of parts, it is possible not only to increase the reliability of the Shkondin motor-wheel, but also to reduce its cost almost twice as compared to other types of electric motors. Unlike most electric motors of bicycle transport, equipped with electronic unit management, shkondin wheel motor does not require an external control device. This electric motor is absolutely not afraid of saws, moisture, has no property to heat up during operation.
Simplicity of execution, low cost production, operation and repair, excellent quality characteristics make Shkondin's motor-wheels a weighty and valuable product. Currently, work is underway towards widespread implementation this electric motor into the mechanism of operation of different types of transport: electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric vehicles, water and air electric transport. This development allows us to weaken the dependence of vehicles on raw materials and increase their environmental friendliness.
Almost everything in our life depends on electricity, but there are certain technologies that allow us to get rid of local wired energy. We suggest considering how to do magnetic engine do it yourself, its principle of operation, circuit and device.
Types and principles of work
There is a concept of perpetual motion machines of the first order and the second. First order Are devices that generate energy by themselves, from the air, second type - these are engines that need to receive energy, it can be wind, sun rays, water, etc., and they already convert it into electricity. According to the first law of thermodynamics, both of these theories are impossible, but many scientists disagree with this statement, and they began to develop second-order perpetual motion machines operating on the energy of a magnetic field.
Photo - Dudyshev's magnetic engineOver development " perpetual motion machine"Worked a huge number of scientists at all times, the greatest contribution to the development of the theory of the magnetic engine was made by Nikola Tesla, Nikolay Lazarev, Vasily Shkondin, the variants of Lorenz, Howard Johnson, Minato and Perendev are also well known.
Photo - Lorenz magnetic engine Each of them has its own technology, but they are all based on the magnetic field that forms around the source. It should be noted that "perpetual" motion machines do not exist in principle, because magnets lose their capacity after about 300-400 years.
Homemade a is considered the simplest lorentz anti-gravity magnetic engine... It works by using two differently charged disks that are connected to a power source. The discs are placed halfway in a hemispherical magnetic shield, the field of which begins to gently rotate them. Such a superconductor very easily pushes the MF out of itself.
The simplest tesla asynchronous electromagnetic motor is based on the principle of a rotating magnetic field, and is capable of producing electricity from its energy. An insulated metal plate is placed as high above ground level as possible. Another metal plate is placed in the ground. A wire is passed through a metal plate on one side of the capacitor and the next conductor runs from the base of the plate to the other side of the capacitor. The opposite pole of the capacitor, being connected to ground, is used as a reservoir for storing negative energy charges.
Photo - Tesla Magnetic Engine Rotary ring of Lazarev so far it is considered the only working VD2, in addition, it is easy to reproduce, it can be assembled with your own hands at home, having in use improvised means. The photo shows a diagram of a simple Lazarev ring engine:
Photo - Koltsar Lazareva The diagram shows that the container is divided into two parts by a special porous partition; Lazarev himself used a ceramic disk for this. A tube is installed in this disk, and the container is filled with liquid. You can even pour plain water for the experiment, but it is advisable to use a volatile solution, for example, gasoline.
The work is carried out as follows: with the help of a partition, the solution enters the lower part of the container, and due to the pressure it moves upward through the tube. So far, this is only a perpetual motion, independent of external factors. In order to build a perpetual motion machine, you need to place a wheel under the dripping liquid. On the basis of this technology, the simplest self-rotating magnetic electric motor of constant motion was created, a patent was registered for one russian company... It is necessary to install a wheel with blades under the dropper, and place magnets directly on them. Due to the generated magnetic field, the wheel will rotate faster, water will be pumped faster and a constant magnetic field will form.
Shkondin linear motor made a kind of revolution in progress. This device is very simple in design, but incredibly powerful and efficient at the same time. Its engine is called a wheel in a wheel and is mainly used in the modern transportation industry. According to reviews, a motorcycle with a Shkondin engine can travel 100 kilometers on a couple of liters of gasoline. The magnetic system works for full repulsion. In the wheel-in-wheel system, there are paired coils, inside of which one more coils are connected in series, they form a double pair, which have different magnetic fields, due to which they move in different directions and a control valve. A self-contained motor can be installed on a car, no one will be surprised by a fuel-free motorcycle on a magnetic motor, devices with such a coil are often used for a bicycle or wheelchair. You can buy a ready-made device on the Internet for 15,000 rubles (made in China), the V-Gate launcher is especially popular.
Photo - Shkondin Engine Alternative engine Perendev Is a device that works exclusively thanks to magnets. Two circles are used - static and dynamic, on each of them in equal sequence, magnets are located. Due to the self-repulsive free force, the inner circle rotates endlessly. This system is widely used in providing independent energy in household and production.
Photo - Engine Perendev All of the above inventions are in the development stage, modern scientists continue to improve and search for them perfect option for the development of a perpetual motion machine of the second order.
In addition to the above devices, the Alekseenko vortex engine, Bauman, Dudyshev and Stirling apparatus are also popular with modern researchers.
How to assemble the engine yourself
Homemade products are in great demand on any electrician forum, so let's look at how you can assemble at home magnetic motor generator... The device that we propose to design consists of 3 interconnected shafts, they are fastened in such a way that the shaft in the center is turned straight to the two lateral ones. Attached to the middle of the central shaft is a lucite disc, four inches in diameter and half an inch thick. The outer shafts are also fitted with two-inch discs. They contain small magnets, eight on the large disc and four on the small ones.
Photo - Magnetic motor on the suspension The axis on which the individual magnets are located is in a plane parallel to the shafts. They are installed in such a way that the ends pass near the wheels with a flash per minute. If these wheels are moved by hand, the ends of the magnetic axis will synchronize. For acceleration, it is recommended to install an aluminum bar in the base of the system so that its end slightly touches the magnetic parts. After such manipulations, the structure should begin to rotate at a speed of half a turn per second.
The drives are installed in a special way, with the help of which the shafts rotate similarly to each other. Naturally, if you act on the system with a third-party object, for example, a finger, then it will stop. This perpetual magnetic motion machine was invented by Bauman, but he failed to obtain a patent, because at that time, the device was classified as a non-patentable VD.
For development modern version Chernyaev and Emelyanchikov did a lot of such an engine.
Photo - The principle of operation of a magnet What are the advantages and disadvantages of actually working magnetic motors?
Advantages:
- Full autonomy, fuel economy, the ability to organize the engine in any desired place from improvised means;
- A powerful device based on neodymium magnets is capable of providing energy to a living space up to 10 W and above;
- The gravitational engine is able to work until it is completely worn out and even on the last steel work maximum amount energy.
Disadvantages:
- The magnetic field can negatively affect human health, especially the space (jet) engine is susceptible to this factor;
- Despite the positive results of the experiments, most of the models are not able to work under normal conditions;
- Even after purchasing a finished motor, it can be very difficult to connect it;
- If you decide to buy a magnetic pulse or piston engine, then be prepared for the fact that its price will be greatly overstated.
The operation of a magnetic motor is pure truth and it is real, the main thing is to correctly calculate the power of the magnets.
The Shkondin wheel motor, in other words, the Shkondin wheel motor or the Shkondin motor, is a fundamentally new electric motor with unique characteristics. The uniqueness of the Shkondin engine is in its simplicity. The Shkondin wheel motor consists of only five parts, unlike conventional electric motors, assembled from 10-20 units, which affects its cost. Having created precise dies for these parts, it is possible to stamp Shkondin engines in the millions.
Description:
Shkondin wheel motor, simply put, shkondin wheel motor or Shkondin motor, - fundamentally new electric motor with unique characteristics.
The figure below shows one of the variants of the Shkondin engine.
The uniqueness of the Shkondin engine is in its simplicity. The Shkondin wheel motor consists of only five parts, unlike conventional electric motors, assembled from 10-20 units, which affects its cost. Having created precise dies for these parts, it is possible to stamp Shkondin engines in the millions.
The Shkondin wheel motor is a set of magnetic tracks that dynamically change their parameters by switching the windings of electromagnets at the right time and in the right place. Wherein windings electromagnets must not be connected with a star or a triangle.
Shkondin's wheel motor is device, which with high efficiency uses the interaction of magnetic fields, the parameters of which are skillfully changed due to the correct ratio between the pair number of magnetic poles on the stator and the number of pairs of electromagnets on the rotor, the number of pairs of magnets on the stator is greater than the number of pairs of poles of electromagnets on the rotor, a correctly designed collector or synchronization devices in a brushless version.
The Shkondin wheel motor has, with the same mass and current supplied to the rotor windings, much more powerthan an electric motor of standard design.
Structurally, the Shkondin engine can be given any shape, both in the form of a wheel (pancake), and in the form of a cylinder, like the shape that is given existing engines direct current.
The device of the Shkondin engine (design, scheme and principle of operation):
The figure above shows one of the variants of the Shkondin engine.
shkondin wheel motor consists of a stator (inside) and a rotor (outside). 11 pairs of magnets are installed on the stator at regular intervals, the poles of the magnets alternate. There are 22 poles in total. The rotor has 6 U-shaped electromagnets, which, it turns out, have 12 poles. Brushes are installed on the rotor, with the help of which power is supplied to the electromagnets, and a collector is installed on the stator, from which electricity goes to the brushes.The distance between the poles of any rotor electromagnet is equal to the distance between adjacent magnets on the stator. This means that at the moment of exact "contact" of the poles of one of the electromagnets with the neighboring poles of the magnets on the stator, the poles of the other electromagnets with the poles of the magnets on the stator do not "touch".
The shift of the poles of the electromagnets on the rotor and the poles of the magnets on the stator relative to each other creates a gradient of the magnetic field strength between them, and the latter is precisely the source of the torque. For the variant of the Shkondin motor shown in the figure, it turns out that at each moment of time, the torque is generated by 5 electromagnets out of 6. The electromagnet, the poles of which exactly "touch" the poles of the magnets on the stator, does not create torque. We get a kind of power efficiency of 83%. And this is in the absence of counter-EMF. And if we consider the efficiency in terms of the share of magnets participating in the creation of thrust on the stator, then we find that out of 22 magnets, 20 magnets create thrust, i.e. 91%.
The collector of the Shkondin motor is designed so that at the right time it switches the direction of the current in the windings of the electromagnets, which provides traction in only one direction. It can even be argued that in this motor Shkondin, 6 classic electric motors work at once. The motor really works as a motor, not a flywheel. This motor uses not only the power of the electromagnetic field, but also the collector-brush mechanism to the full extent. And yet the engine is surprisingly simple.
Benefits:
- high efficiency, at latest models – 94%,
– simplicity,
– low cost,
– three times less weight compared to electric motors of the same power,
- strength, reliability, long-term life time,
– energy savings of 50% or more,
- the speed is several times higher than electric motors of similar power.
How many of us have heard of such an invention as the Vasily Shkondin engine? Probably not. Nevertheless, our compatriot Vasily Shkondin made a revolution in the field of electric motors. In this article we will consider what the "Shkondin engine" is and what makes it unique.
This story began back in the 70s of the last century, when a journalist by education, an employee of the Institute of the Russian Language. A.S. Pushkin decided to create an engine superior to traditional electric motors. Vasily Shkondin claimed that only a few types of electric motors were produced, and they are used everywhere, from meat grinders to power plants. The inventor said that no one had yet studied the "variance of technical units." This idea was prompted by his philological dissertation. Its topic was the variance of grammatical and lexical units of the Russian language. The journalist had come a long way before they started talking about him, and his invention, now known as the Shkondin engine, was recognized. Over the course of ten years, he created about 70 variants of electric motors. An amateur engineer laid the original principles of alternating and unipolar impulses generated by an electromechanical trigger. For example, the Shkondin magnetic motor basically has a disk unit fixed on the drive wheel axle. It is driven without a transmission by adjusting the speed. The rotor, connected to the axle of the wheel, along the perimeter of which permanent magnets are attached, rotates in the stator, on which the solenoids are located. Current pulses are applied to the latter, as a result of which an alternating magnetic field is created, which pushes the magnets.
These inventions are confirmed by ten international patents. The peculiarity of such an invention as the Shkondin motor lies in its simplicity and a small number of units: not 10-20, as in traditional electric motors, but only five. It also lacks external electronic control... Due to the simplicity of such a unit, its reliability increases, and the cost price becomes two times lower than that of standard electric motors. Now the Shkondin engine is installed on wheelchairs, bicycles, scooters and motorcycles.
Since the beginning of the 90s, these inventions took first prizes at exhibitions in Brussels, Seoul, Geneva, Paris, Hanover, Orlando, etc. Despite the world awards, the Shkondin engine did not evoke commercial interest.
The turning point for the inventor came in 2002. A British investment company became interested in his creation. For about six months, the Shkondin motor was tested in the laboratory of the Oxford University. British scientists came to the conclusion that all the characteristics indicated in the patents are correct, the engine surpasses the performance of traditional analogues by 50% in terms of dynamics and 30% in terms of operational efficiency. As a result, in 2003 the Ultra Motor company was opened, the founder of which is Vasily himself.
The first electric motors of Shkondin were installed exclusively on light equipment, such as bicycles. However, now more powerful motors are almost ready for production. For example, Ultra Motor has signed a contract for the supply of a batch of electric vehicles for city services: medical care, gendarmerie, courier. So, great prospects are opening up for Shkondin's electric motors, perhaps such cars will soon appear in Russia.
