All invented engines to today internal combustionFor all its diversity, although they are greatly improved, do not bring the desired result.
Achievements of modern science are already suitable for a new technical solution and develop motors with a variable degree of compression that are capable of working on any form of fuel. The right direction in the automotive is also the fact that they are made by hybrid, consisting of a generator and engine with a lightweight mass of the body. This can be fully agreed with this, since I also have such inventions and it right directionBut these are just half measures to achieve good economical and tactical and technical results.
In a new invention, I can offer not only the engine with a smooth variable and adjustable degree of compression capable to work on any type of fuel, but also the engine that will be difficult to name the two-stroke, since in one working stroke of the motor shaft can make more than one turn into a minute.
The new engine will also work with a variable degree of compression on any form of fuel, in which the compression process and gas emissions will be combined in one cycle. The main advantage to all existing new engine will have a smooth and adjustable compression of the gas mixture in the pistons, which will be carried out on the mass of the car, which was not done in this world until today and this will make the engine even more powerful, economical and environmentally friendly. For such an engine there are no problems to create pressure in the piston from 1 to 100 kg. Just this invention is already needed new technologies and new materials.
This technical solution will not be issued as an application for the invention. Now everyone moved to market relations, so it is not profitable for me to distribute progressive ideas for free. This problem is not only that expensive duties are applied for the invention, but after receiving the patent, most of the inventors in Russian Federation Unable to maintain your patents even in my country. These patents are further becoming the property for production and use in other countries. I, like many inventors, too, can also support my patents not only abroad, which I do not have, but also in my country.
Now young scientists, students or pensioners are wishing to invent anything, faced with big challenges. Why the inventor of the Ravenist new idea It is necessary to embody it in the form of the invention, to protect in the form of a patent, and not only in Russia, but also abroad, since it can even be released in neighboring states and not even ask the inventor. In order to start conducting a dialogue with the Customer, the inventor should not only make sure that this invention is not used by anyone, but also to provide in accordance with clause 2.2 of the license agreement necessary and sufficient to use the invention according to paragraph 2.1 technical and other documentation, as well as to provide technological and other assistance, and if necessary, put samples, materials and special equipment. At the same time, it is not yet indicated that the inventor before all of this will have to pay:
For filing an application for the invention 1650 rubles,
For issuing a patent for the invention 3250 rubles,
For consideration of the application by expertise on the merits of 2450 rubles,
For conducting information search on one object of 6500 rubles.
Produce for their funds R & D,
Develop a snap for the present invention,
Make design and technical documentation,
Purchase material and make an experimental sample of the invention,
To test the prototype of the claimed invention,
Inform the Customer as the invention is new and not used by anyone,
Inform the customer about the payback period of the project according to this invention,
Produce all duties and intermediate payments for maintaining a patent and so on ...
If the inventor does not protect the patent for the invention, then no one will speak with the inventor. At the same time, it is necessary to emphasize that the customer must pay for the use of an exceptional or non-exclusive license for the invention of only 1650 rubles, and how much will receive the inventor for this ...
See confirmation that an exceptional and non-exclusive license for the use of the invention costs 1650 rubles and draw conclusions ...
In a scientific environment, new laws and patent duties have created a full imbalance of relations between the inventor, a patent office, manufacturers and consumers. I do not want to translate these attitudes to the medical level, but it looks like this - when an independent head does not answer what makes her right hand or left leg. In such an atmosphere, it is easier for me to buy a license for those who took such laws and patent duties so that from the category of the poor do not move into the discharges.
Now everyone switched to market relations, so we should inventors or scientists need to do the same. It is necessary to cooperate in their inventions on a contractual basis with large companies having not only their laboratories, material and technical baseBut also a team of like-minded people with which you can bring any invention to serial release. Let's hope for a good future ...
Universal engine Belashov
Designed for use as a power actuator in any sectors of national or military economy. In the universal engine, a system for regulating the volume and compression of the mixture was applied, where the compression ratio is determined by the ratio full volume The main cylinder and the additional cylinder to the volume of the combustion chamber, for the engine operation from any motor fuels or gases, which allows you to create an environmentally friendly engine of internal combustion, zoom to kp., Power, efficiency of the internal combustion engine and reduce its thermal losses.
The universal internal combustion engine contains a crank-connecting mechanism, a gas distribution mechanism, a power system, ignition, mixing, which are placed in the piston cylinder with the combustion chamber and head, the volume control system and compression system, and the piston head is made in the form of a cylinder with a lid, inside Which is a candle and nozzle. Bandwidth device, intake and exhaust valveit interacts with the inner surface of the piston combustion chamber, made in the form of a glass. Between the cylinder of the block and the cylinder of the piston head, an additional chamber is placed, a system for regulating the volume and compression of the mixture, which is associated with an additional chamber. Management, opening and closing the valves of the volume control system and compression of the mixture is carried out from the piston, the camshaft, the speed controller or the automatic coupling. The inner cavity of the piston and the lower base of the piston head, which are associated with the combustion chamber are made of a durable heat-resistant compound and have a heat-resistant gasket. The bandwidth device is made in the form of bandwidth valveassociated with the mixing system. The combustion chamber mixing system is made in the form of a deflector with channels, spiral grooves, predominantly alternating cross-section with holes, screen, nozzles.
The universal engine increases the economy and power of the internal combustion engine, using any motor fuels or gases, due to the use of the volume control system and compression of the mixture, and also reduces thermal losses when applying the piston and piston heads made from heat-resistant compound having a heat-resistant gasket. When operating a universal engine, the oil film on the cylinder of the block and the cylinder of the piston head does not contact the combustion chamber, which will never cause a locking and burning piston rings, Motor oil pollution and increase the engine's operation. For overhaul The universal engine is enough to disconnect the piston head from the block head and insert a new block, which is much simplified and reduces its design. When the system for regulating the volume and compression of the mixture and the mixing system, when working on any engine fuel, high intensification and stabilization of the combustion process in the piston are achieved, which allows you to create an environmentally friendly internal combustion engine.
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Universal Rotary Engine Bears
The universal rotary engine of Belasov, made in the form of a separate module, each module contains a flywheel rotor, a cam-eccentric mechanism with which the piston interacts, the return mechanism, the working pressure mechanism, the outlet nozzle, through which the exhaust gases is released, the reflector system, performed In the form of deepening and protrusions interacting with the openings of the output nozzle, the system of end seals interacting with the flywheel rotor and the case, the system of input and injection of water or chemical components. The operational pressure installation mechanism is associated with a bandwidth device made in the form of a flow valve and a spring that interacts with the input and injection system of chemical components. Depending on the method of formation of a combustible mixture and the type of fuel used, a universal rotary engine converts thermal energy to mechanical work Directly on the flywheel rotor.
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Universal reactive-rotor engine Belash
Works from any motor fuel or gases. In the process of operation (to increase the temperature of the working gases), you can additionally use solid finely absorbed fuel. For example, a stone coal with an air or gaseous mixture, and water or liquid waste is used to increase the volume of working gases in the rotor motor.
Scope - Shipbuilding, Mechanical Engineering, Mobile Energy Modules, Industrial Enterprises, Energy and Transport, as environmentally friendly clean engines Small, medium or high power. For military purposes, for the disposal of poisoning substances and bacteriological weapons of mass lesion.
The advantages of the universal reactive-rotor engine Belashov:
Small dimensions and weight,
Modular design,
High efficiency,
The engine does not have a cooling system,
In the engine there is no crank-connecting mechanism,
The working part of the rotor is automatically cleaned of nagar sediments and is disposed of harmful connections.
With the invention of the universal rotary-piston vacuum pump of Belashov, which can simultaneously create big Pressure And a large discharge in one cycle, the challenge to ensure the smooth operation of the universal jet-rotary engine of Belarus is solved very simply:
The construction of the jet-rotor engine is reduced,
Simplifies the design of the reactive-rotary engine,
The engine becomes easy to maintain and repair,
Increases kp. jet rotor motor,
The mass of the reactive-rotary engine decreases,
It is simplified by the cooking mode of the working mixture,
The list of component parts is reduced,
A constant redundant discharge is created,
A constant overpressure is created,
The injection of the working mixture and its ignition on the flywheel rotor can occur in a pulse or constant mode, - there is no need to have a system of ignition system in the engine, since this can cope with a simple incandescent thread, which can be turned on constantly.
Progressive technical solution that is aimed at creating jet-rotor, economical and environmentally friendly hybrid engines Internal combustion, which operate on hydrogen fuel, reaching a high degree of intensification and stabilization of hydrogen combustion process, when adding water or water vapor. At the same time, in a reactive-rotary engine, it is possible to change the volume and compression of the working mixture in a wide limit.
The universal reactive rotary engine of Belasov is able to work from any motor fuel or combustible gases. In the process of operation in the engine, you can add any additives, water or water vapor, which increase the volume of the working fluid and reduce contamination ambient, improve the engine operation, increases its efficiency, power and kp. D .. The universal reactive-rotary motor is made in the form of a module that has all systems, parts, nodes and mechanisms are identical and interchangeable, which facilitates the process of manufacturing and repairing each Module, and also reduces its cost.See a comment on the universal reactive-rotor engine of Belash.
2017, the Scientific and Technical Community flew out news - the young scientist from Yekaterinburg won in the All-Russian competition of innovative projects in the field of energy. The competition is called "Energy of a breakthrough", scientists are allowed not older than 45 years old, and Leonid Carpenters, Associate Professor "Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin "(URFU), awarded in it a prizes of 1,000,000 rubles.
It was reported that Leonid developed four original technical solutions and received seven patents for the inlet and outlet systems, both turbocharged and atmospheric. In particular, the finalization of the inlet system of the Turbomotor "according to the Method of carpenter" is able to exclude overheating, reduce noise and quantity harmful emissions. And the modernization of the exhaust system of turbocharged 2% increases efficiency and 1.5% reduces the specific fuel consumption. As a result, the motor becomes more eco-friendly, stable, powerful and reliable.
Is it all true? What is the essence of the proposals of the scientist? We managed to talk with the winner of the competition and all to find out. Of all the original technical solutions developed by carpenters, we stopped just on the above two: finalized intake and output systems for turbocharged motors. Perhaps the style of the presentation at first will seem difficult for you to perceive, but read thoughtfully, and at the end we will reach the essence.
Problems and tasks
The authorship of the developments described below belongs to the group of scientists URF, which includes Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Brodov Yu.M., Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor Zhilkin B.P. and Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor Plotnikov L.V. The work of this group was a grant of a million rubles. In engineering working out of the proposed technical solutions, specialists of the Ural Diesel Motor Plant LLC were helped, namely, the head of the department, Candidate of Technical Sciences Shestakov D.S. and deputy chief designer, candidate of technical sciences Grigoriev N.I.
One of the key parameters of their research was the heat transfer, which comes from the gas flow into the walls of the intake or exhaust pipeline. The heat transfer is lower, the less thermal stresses, the above reliability and performance of the system as a whole. To estimate the intensity of heat transfer, a parameter is used, which is called a local heat transfer coefficient (it is indicated as αh), and the task of researchers was to find ways to reduce this coefficient.
Fig. 1. Change the local (LX \u003d 150 mm) heat transfer coefficient αh (1) and air flow rate WX (2) in time τ for the free compressor of the turbocharger (hereinafter - TC) with a smooth round pipeline and different frequencies of rotation of the TC: a) NTK \u003d 35,000 min-1; b) NTK \u003d 46,000 min-1
The question for the modern engine is serious, since gas-air paths are included in the list of the most thermally loaded elements of modern internal combustion engines, and especially sharply the task of reducing heat transfer in the intake and graduation paths is for turbocharged engines. Indeed, in turbogo, compared with the atmospheric, the pressure and temperature on the inlet are increased, the average temperature of the cycle, above the gas pulsation, which causes thermomechanical stresses. Thermal content leads to the fatigue of parts, reduces the reliability and service life of the engine elements, and also leads to non-optimal combustion conditions of fuel in cylinders and power drop.
Scientists believe that the thermal tension of the turboving can be reduced, and here, as they say, there is a nuance. Usually, its two characteristics are considered important for the turbocharger - the pressure and air flow and air flow, and the node itself is accepted in the calculation of the static element. But in fact, the researchers note, after installing the turbocharger, the thermal mechanical characteristics of the gas flow are significantly changed. Therefore, before learning how αh changes on the inlet and the release, it is necessary to explore the gas flow itself to the pump. At first - without taking into account the piston part of the engine (as it is called, for a free compressor, see Fig. 1), and then - with it.
An automated system for collecting and processing experimental data was developed and created - with a pair of sensors were removed and the values \u200b\u200bof the gas flow rate of the WX and local heat transfer coefficient αh were taken and treated. In addition, a single-cylindrous engine model was collected based on the VAZ-11113 motor with a TKR-6 turbocharger.
Fig. 2. Dependence of local (LX \u003d 150 mm) The heat transfer coefficient αh from the corner of rotation crankshaft φ in the intake pipeline of piston internal combustion engine with reducing at different frequencies of rotation of the crankshaft and different frequencies of rotation of the Rotor TK: a) n \u003d 1 500 min-1; b) n \u003d 3 000 min - 1, 1 - n \u003d 35 000 min-1; 2 - NTK \u003d 42,000 min-1; 3 - NTK \u003d 46,000 min-1
The studies have shown that the turbocharger is the most powerful source of turbulence, which affects the thermal mechanical characteristics of the air flow (see Fig. 2). In addition, the researchers found that in itself the installation of a turbocharger increases αh on an engine inlet by about 30% - partly due to the fact that air after the compressor is simply much hotter than on the inlet of the atmospheric motor. The heat transfer on the production of a motor with a mounted turbocharger was measured, and it turned out that the higher the excessive pressure, the less intensively heat transfer.
Fig. 3. Scheme of the intake system of the engine with a superior with the ability to reset parts of the injected air: 1 - intake manifold; 2 - connecting nozzle; 3 - connecting elements; 4 - Compressor TK; five - the electronic unit motor control; 6 - electropneumoclap].
In total, it turns out that to reduce thermal loading, the following is necessary: \u200b\u200bin the intake path you need to reduce the turbulence and pulsation of the air, and on the release - to create additional pressure or vacuum, accelerating the stream - this will reduce the heat transfer, and besides, it will be positively affected by cleaning cylinders from spent gases .
All these seemingly obvious things needed detailed identifications and in the analysis, which no one had not done before. It is the figures that the figures allowed to work out measures that in the future are able to be able to make a revolution, it is certainly inhales, in the literal sense of the word, new life In the entire industry engineering.
Fig. 4. The dependence of the local (LX \u003d 150 mm) heat transfer coefficient α from the angle of rotation of the crankshaft φ in the inlet pipeline of the piston internal combustion engine with a superposition (NTK \u003d 35,000 min-1) at the speed of rotation of the crankshaft N \u003d 3000 min-1. The share of air discharge: 1 - g1 \u003d 0.04; 2 - G2 \u003d 0.07; 3 - G3 \u003d 0.12].
Reset an excess air on the inlet
First, the researchers proposed a design that allows you to stabilize the air flow on the inlet (see Fig. 3). Electropneumoclippa, embedded in the intake path after the turbine and at certain points, the discarding part of the air compressed by the turbocharger, stabilizes the flow rate reduces the ripple of the speed and pressure. As a result, this should lead to a decrease in aerodynamic noise and thermal stresses in the intake path.
And how much should you drop the system to work effectively without weakening a significantly turbocharging effect? In Figures 4 and 5, we see the results of the measurements: how the studies show, the optimal proportion of the air of the air g lies in the range from 7 to 12% - such values \u200b\u200breduce the heat transfer (and hence the thermal load) in the inlet engine of the engine up to 30%, that is, , lead it to the values \u200b\u200bcharacteristic of atmospheric engines. Further increase the share of discharge no meaning - this does not give it anymore.
Fig. 5. Comparison of local dependencies (Lx \u003d 150 mm, d \u003d 30 mm) The heat transfer coefficient αh from the angle of rotation of the crankshaft φ in the inlet pipeline of piston internal combustion engine with supervision without reset (1) and with a discharge of air part (2) with NTK \u003d 35,000 Min-1 and n \u003d 3 000 min-1, the share of overhaul reset is 12% of the total flow].
Ejection on the release
Well, what is the graduation system? As we talked above, it also works in a turbocharged motor in conditions of elevated temperatures, and in addition, the release always wants to make as much as possible to maximize the cleaning of cylinders from the exhaust gases. Traditional methods of solving these tasks have already been exhausted, are there any other reserves for improvement? It turns out there.
Brodov, Zhilkin and Carpenters argue that improving the gas cleaning and reliability of the exhaust system can be created in it additional praises, or ejection. The ejection flow, according to the developers, as well as the inlet valve reduces the flow ripple and increases the volume flow of air, which contributes to better cleaning of cylinders and increasing the engine power.
Fig. 6. Scheme of the exhaust system with an ejector: 1 - cylinder head with a channel; 2 - exhaust pipeline; 3 - exhaust pipe; 4 - ejection tube; 5 - electropneumoclap; 6 - electronic control unit].
Ejection has a positive effect on heat transfer from exhaust gases to parts of the graduation path (see Fig. 7): With such a system, the maximum values \u200b\u200bof the local heat transfer coefficient are 20% lower than in the traditional release - with the exception of the intake valve period, there is the heat transfer intensity, on the contrary, somewhat higher. But in general, the heat transfer is still less, and the researchers have assumed that the ejector on the release of the turbomotor will increase its reliability, as it will reduce the heat transfer from the gas walls of the pipeline, and the gases themselves will be cooled with ejection air.
Fig. 7. Dependencies of local (LX \u003d 140 mm) The heat transfer coefficient αh from the angle of rotation of the crankshaft φ in the exhaust system at an overpressure of the release of Pb \u003d 0.2 MPa and the rotational speed of the crankshaft n \u003d 1 500 min-1. Configuration of the outlet system: 1 - without ejection; 2 - with ejection.]
And if you combine? ..
Having received such conclusions on an experimental installation, scientists went further and applied the knowledge gained on the real engine - as one of the "experimental" Diesel 8DM-21LM production of the Ural Diesel Motor Plant Ltd.. The motors are used as stationary power plants. In addition, the "younger brother" of the 8-cylinder diesel engine, 6DM-21LM, also used V-shaped, but having six cylinders.
Fig. 8. Installation of an electromagnetic valve for resetting a part of air on a diesel engine 8DM-21LM: 1 - electromagnetic valve; 2 - inlet; 3 - casing of the exhaust manifold; 4 - turbocharger.
On the "younger" motor was implemented a system of ejection on the release, logical and very witty-combined with a pressure reset system on the inlet, which we looked at a little earlier - after all, as shown in Figure 3, the air dropped can be used for the needs of the engine. As we can see (Fig. 9), the tubes are laid over the exhaust manifold, in which the air rushed from the intake is the most overpressure that creates turbulence after the compressor. The air from the tubes "distribute" through the system of electroclap, which stand immediately for the exhaust window of each of the six cylinders.
Fig. 9. General view of the upgraded exhaust system of the engine 6DM-21LM: 1 - exhaust pipe; 2 - turbocharger; 3 - gas feeding nozzle; 4 - Ejection system.
Such an ejection device creates an additional vacuum in the exhaust manifold, which leads to equalizing the flow of gases and weakening the transition processes in the so-called transition layer. The authors of the study measured the speed of air flow WX depending on the angle of rotation of the crankshaft φ using ejection on the release and without it.
Figure 10 shows that with ejection, the maximum flow rate is higher, and after closing the exhaust valve, it drops more slowly than in the collector without such a system - it turns out a kind of "purge effect". The authors say that the results indicate the stabilization of the flow and the best cleaning of the engine cylinders from the exhaust gases.
Fig. 10. The dependences of the local (LX \u003d 140 mm, d \u003d 30 mm) of the gas flow rate WX in the exhaust pipe with ejection (1) and the traditional pipeline (2) from the angle of rotation of the crankshaft φ at the rotation frequency of the crankshaft n \u003d 3000 min-1 and initial overpressure PB \u003d 2.0 bar.
That in the end
So, let's in order. First, if a small part of the compressed air compressor is reduced from the intake manifold of the turbomotor, it is possible to reduce the heat transfer from the air to the collector walls to 30% and at the same time maintain the mass flow rate of air entering the motor at a normal level. Secondly, if applying ejection on the release, the heat transfer in the exhaust manifold can also be significantly reduced - the measurements performed give a value of about 15%, and also improve the gas cleaning of cylinders.
Combining the scientific finds for intake and graduation paths into a single system, we get a comprehensive effect: taking part of air from the intake, transmitting it to the issue and accurately synchronizing these pulses by time, the system will align and "soothe" the flow processes and exhaust gas. As a result, we must get less thermally loaded, more reliable and productive compared to the usual turbo engine.
So, the results were obtained in laboratory conditions, confirmed by mathematical modeling and analytical calculations, after which a prototype was created, which carried out tests and confirmed positive effects. While all this is implemented in the walls of Urals on a large stationary turbodiesel (the motors of this type are also used on locomotives and vessels), but the principles laid in the design could come across the smaller motors - imagine, for example, that gas Gazelle, UAZ Patriot or Lada Vesta. A new turbo engine is obtained, and even with the characteristics better than that of foreign analogues ... Is it possible for a new tendency in the engine starting in Russia?
There are scientists from Urals and solutions to reduce the thermal capacity of atmospheric motors, and one of them is profiling channels: transverse (by introducing an insertion of a square or triangular cross section) and longitudinal. In principle, in all these decisions it is now possible to build work samples, testing and at their positive outcome to launch mass production - the specified design and design directions, according to scientists, do not require significant financial and time costs. Now interested manufacturers should be found.
Leonid Plotnikov says he considers himself primarily a scientist and does not put the goals to commercialize new developments.
Among the goals, I would rather call further research, obtaining new scientific results, the development of original designs of gas-airing piston engine systems. If my results are useful to industry, then I will be happy. According to the experience, I know that the introduction of results is a very complex and time consuming process, and if it is immersed in it, then there will be no time for science and teaching. And I'm more prone to the field of education and science, and not to industry and businessassociate Professor "Ural Federal University named after the first president of Russia B.N. Yeltsin "(URFU)
However, adds that the process of implementing the results of the research on the Energyshine PJSC Uralmashzavod has already begun. The deployment rates are still low, all work is at the initial stage, and the specifics are very small, but there is an interest in the enterprise. It remains to hope that the results of this introduction we will still see. And also to the fact that the work of scientists will find the application in the domestic auto industry.
And how do you assess the results of the study?
While all the same basic principles that lead the first car engines are still used today, modern motors have strongly evolved to meet the requirements of power, environmental friendliness and efficiency to fulfill the needs of modern drivers and, of course, the legislative framework.
Think about old engines, like wolves and about modern, as dogs. Both types of animals have the same heritage and similar characteristics, but the second type perfectly performs its functions in modern situations, while the first simply could not adapt to life in the city or suburb; The first perform one task: to hunt to survive, the second perform a number of tasks and have their subspecies to perform specific functions, like: hunting, security, participation in exhibitions and others. Also engines: from earlier versions needed only a bit - simply lead to the movement of cars, so that it moved at least no slower horse, while the modern engine requires much more: to be quiet, and at the same time have enough power To meet modern criteria, and maybe even be the subject of pride for your car for its owner.
Before we talk about what modern car engines differ from the old, it is necessary to understand the car. In any case, the principle is one: a mixture of gasoline and air flammifies in the chamber called cylinder. In the cylinder, the piston, which receives pressure due to the explosion, moves down, and then again up the inertia and under the action of another piston, which is in the exact opposite location relative to the first. The piston is attached to the crankshaft. When the piston moves up and down, it causes the crankshaft to rotate. Crankshaft Then goes to the gearbox, which transmits this rotation, and then the box transfers the chassis, whose apogee is the wheel wheels. Sounds simply, right? With modern engines, everything is absolutely also, but there is a huge bunch of nuances.
Meanwhile, the modern gasoline engine is still very far from the ideal of efficiency - only imagine, from all the existing chemical energy in gasoline, only about 15 of its percent is converted into mechanical energy, which ultimately drives the car. Statistics says that even more than 17 percent of the energy is lost and the colossal 62 percent is lost in the engine at the expense of heat and friction.
On the photo on the left: old engine Saab; In the photo on the right: modern MINI COOPER engine
Modern engines have a number of technologies to make them more efficient in operation. For example, a direct injection technology that mixes fuel and air before they are moved to the cylinder, can improve the efficiency of the engine by 12 percent, because the fuel combines more effectively. Turbocompressors and turbochards that use compressed air from exhaust system Auto, make effective combustion cycle. Compressed air leads to more efficient combustion. The technology of gas distribution and deactivation of cylinders are such innovations that allow the engine to use only such a quantity of fuel, which is necessary for the engine, similarly increasing its effectiveness.
But one of the main differences between modern car engines and the "elderly" motors is that modern engines Work as it were in the "Standby" mode, in the minimum mode when they do not need to accelerate the machine. In the old 8-cylinder engine, all eight cylinders worked regardless of whether the car is at idle or gets accelerated from the accelerator pedal as quickly as it could. In addition, all eight cylinders received the same amount of fuel in any time.
Today's engines have a technology that allows them to work smarter. Deactivation of cylinders is a system that allows some cylinders in the engine to turn off when they are not needed, for example, when the car works at idle or moves rolling, and the accelerator pedal is not pressed. But when all the power of the motor is needed, then these covered cylinders "wake up" and help the rest. Deactivation of cylinders helps engines to work more efficiently, as it means that the engine uses only the fuel that is necessary and makes only those efforts that are necessary to ensure that the engine does not stalled and to make enough energy for the operation of electronics, climatic control. and other additional functions of the machine.
The technology of gas distribution, in turn, helps modern engines work "smarter". Without this system, the valves are opened for the same amount of fuel during the same amount of time and with the same gap at any time, no matter how hard the engine tried to work. This generates large fuel waste. From a variable timing of the valve holes is optimized for the type of work, which the engine does. It helps the motor consume less fuel and work much more efficiently.
Modern engines have many technologies that help to use less fuel producing more energy than old engines, but they have another thing that the "elderly" engines neglected are partners.
Today's car engines are not only complex technological achievements, but this is a whole chain of nodes and units operating harder all the components of such high-tech achievements that help them better do their work. So, earlier, two-three gears in the box was quite enough, today four- and even five-speed gearbox are already obsolete - modern engines are equipped with modern gearboxes with family and even eight speeds. The greater the number of gears, the better the engine runs immediately in two directions: first, in a wider range of speeds, more diverse engine speeds can be achieved, and it means to accelerate slowly or quickly depending on the desired needs; Secondly, saving fuel more efficiently due to the same revolutions. But even if eight gears in the box are missing, modern engines may have "partnerships" and at all with a stepless transmission (variator). In the principle of operation of the variasts, an infinite number is laid gear ratiosWhat makes them able to pass the engine power to the wheels in the most efficient way in any range of vehicle speed.
Modern engines get help from electric motors working on batteries. While the electric motor can feed the car at slow speeds or only to feed electrical equipment in the machine when the car stops, it can also generate additional power when it is necessary, for example, when the car accelerates is not enough.
But the main partner, which allowed to significantly increase the efficiency of the engine - this is, of course, the on-board computer, the "brains" of the car, which manages and switching the box (except for the mechanical gearbox), and enrichment and the amount of fuel-air mixture injected into the cylinders A huge number of functions.
Diesel with four turbines, the world's first motor with an electric supercharger and a revolutionary unit capable of breathing into the engine a new life: "Motor" represents an overview of power plants with the most non-standard solutions shown in the last few months.
From the beginning of 2016, we have shown impressive diesel engines for the flagship model BMW and the "charged" version of the Audi Q7, a small, but very "smart" gasoline motor Volkswagen, the G8 for the new "Panamera" and the unusual product of the joint work of Koenigsegg and the Chinese from Qoros.
What is common to "seven" BMW and supercar Bugatti Veyron.? Number of turbines in the motor! This spring, the Bavarian flagship received a new diesel unit: three liters of working volume, six cylinders and four supercharger. Four! This is not only the first in the history of the serial engine "on heavy fuel" with so much turbines, but also the most powerful diesel "six" in the world.
Engine develops 400. horse power 760 nm of torque - on 19 forces and 20 nm more than the previous unit with three compressors. Motor, working in a pair with an eight-step "machine", allows the "seven" to accelerate from the spot to a hundred kilometers per hour in 4.6 seconds (the long-base sedan does the same exercise for 4.7 seconds) - by 0.3 seconds faster than the predecessor . But for sure in the design of this motor is laid much more potential.
The system of multistage superior of this motor consists of two minority blowers high pressuremounted in a single block, as well as two low pressure compressors. All turbines are included in the work sequentially, the second high pressure compressor is activated only with sharp acceleration and only on crankshaft turns above 2500 per minute.
The new unit turned out to be a little easier and theft: the first 450 Nm of torque is already available with 1000 revolutions per minute, and on the shelf at 760 nm, the motor comes out in the range from 2000 to 3000 revolutions per minute.
An additional low-pressure turbine allowed not only to increase the return of the motor, but also to increase fuel savings by 11 percent - up to 5.7-5.9 liters per hundred kilometers of run.
Volkswagen Concern at the Symposium in Vienna presented a new 1.5-liter "turbocarity", which will replace the current up-to-date unit of 1.4 liters. The main innovation of this engine is a turbine with a variable impeller geometry, which for the first time in the world will appear on massive models with ISR with spark ignition.
Compressors with a variable geometry of Peugeot, Citroen, Honda and Chrysler were used in the late 1980s, but now this technology is used only at sports and supercars, like Porsche 911 Turbo, as well as on new turbocharged "four" models 718 Cayman and 718 Boxster. Well, B. diesel aggregates, of course.
The peculiarity of such a turbocharger is a ring with special guide petals that are able to change their angle to optimize the power of the turbine at specific loads. The possibility of changing the section increases the return, improves the response of the motor and reduces the level of fuel consumption. The maximum torque is achieved with smaller turnover and is available in a wider range compared to motorcycles with a traditional supercharger.
One of the first models that received the engine with a turbine with a variable impeller geometry was the small-siever hatchback Shelby CSX-VNT 1989
A new 1.5-liter unit will be offered in two power options: 131 and 150 horsepower. The peak torque of the basic motor in 200 nm is reached at 1,300 revolutions per minute and is accessible up to 4500 revolutions.
Another innovation - this motor will work on the Miller cycle, in which the intake valve remains open for some time at the beginning of the compression cycle and closes a little later than on standard engines. As a result, the geometric degree of compression increased from 10.5: 1 at the same engine to 12.5: 1.
In addition, the new "Four" received a cylinder deactivation system, which turns off two of them at low loads, an improved fuel injection system with an increased up to 350 bar pressure, fully new cylinder block head and electronically controlled cooling system.
Dieselgate has not yet managed to guess, and Audi has a new 435-strong four-grade "eight" with a triple superior, which debuted at the "charged" SVT SUV. Two traditional turbines here work in a pair with a compressor with electrical drive. A similar scheme was applied on a serial car for the first time.
The compressor is spinning 7-kilowatte (9.5 horsepower) electric motorwhich accelerates the rotor to 70 thousand revolutions in just a quarter of a second, allowing the turboyama to avoid. The electric motor is powered by a separate electrical system with a voltage of 48 volts and a block of lithium-ion batteries located under the trunk of the "charged" crossover.
The four-liter Motor V8 itself is also new. Turbocompressors are located in the collapse of the cylinder block and operate on a two-stage scheme. On small and medium turns, the Valvelift system opens one of the two outlet valves in each cylinder, spinning the first turbine. As the load increases (2200-2700 revolutions per minute), the electronics opens the second outlet valve, another compressor is activated. The electric supercharger works in the "bottom" itself.
As a result, the four-liter unit develops 435 horsepower, and the maximum torque of 900 nm is available in the range of 1000-3250 revolutions per minute. Motor, working with an eight-adjusted "automatic", allows a seven-sized SUV to recruit "hundred" in 4.8 seconds. Maximum speed Limited by electronics 250 kilometers per hour.
The new Audi motor will later appear on other models of the Volkswagen concern, including a new Porsche Panamera. And Cayenne, as well as a diesel modification of Bentley Bentayga.
Another "global" engine, which first debuts on Porsche Panamera Turbo and Cayenne Turbo next generation, and will later get to audi models, Bentley and even Lamborghini. This is the newest four-liter twin-turbo Motor V8, which will be replaced by the current 4,8-liter "turbo-eight".
Reducing the working volume, in addition to unification with other power plants, the Volkswagen concern will allow the flagship models of Porsche - Panamera Turbo and Cayenne Turbo - to bypass the increased tax on cars with a volume of over four liters, operating in China.
In the basic version, the new engine will develop 550 horsepower and 770 nm of torque, which is 30 forces and 70 nm more than the previous unit 4.8. At the same time, the Porsche says that on the versions of Panamera Turbo S and Cayenne Turbo S, it will produce over 600 forces and 810 nm.
In addition to high recoil, the new motor will be significantly more efficient than the previous one. And therefore more economical. After all, he will receive a deactivation system of half cylinders at low loads (ranging from 950 to 3,500 revolutions per minute), which will allow 30 percent to improve fuel savings.
Twin-turbo "Eight" is unified with a three-liter turbo engine V6, developed by AUDI, and was created taking into account its application as modular platform MLB and on the MSB chassis. The first architecture is designed for cars with front and fully drive (Read, Audi A4, A5, A6 and Derivatives, including crossovers), and the second - with the drive to the rear or on all the wheels (used on large Porsche and Bentley models).
Therefore, in addition to the new Panamera and Cayenne, the four-liter motor will replenish the ruler engines Audi. A6, A8 and Q7 of the following generations, as well as two Bentley models - Bentayga and Continental. Finally, the Lamborghini Urus crossover, which should be equipped with the Lamborghini Urus crossover, which should take away the title of "fastest serial SUV in the world."
The article is taken from third hands, but initially from the expert: http://expert.ru/expert/2016/49/dvigatel-energorevolyautsii/
The internal combustion engine (DVS) with mechanical efficiency of 95% practically does not have harmful exhaust gases and is capable of three liters fuel consumption per 100 km to develop a capacity of 300 liters. with. And the overall efficiency of the miracle engine operating on gasoline is about 60%. It seems incredible, because the efficiency of mass automotive gasoline вс does not exceed 25%, diesel - 40%. This project is a actually working prototype collected in the "basement" of a small furniture plant. New technologies applied in this engine are patented in Russia, the United States and even in Japan. All attempts of foreign companies buy these development by patriot-Kulibin were rejected, although sums were offered, 20 times higher than the cost of its entire business. It seems that this project can create a serious competition of electric vehicles.
Rotor for ammonia and welding transformer
The engine creator turned out to be the author of more than 50 patents, including international ones. Alexander Nikolaevich Sergeev - The developer of the original technology of welding rotors for the production of ammonia, power sources of welding arc, aerodynamic spoilers for VAZ cars and more than 50 products that are still used in six industries. Sergeev received his first patent for the invention of Sergeev, while still a student, in the 1970s, and was awarded the honorable title "Young Scientist of the Year", and after three years, enrolling the engineer to the plant "Azotremsh" (now part of Togliattiazot Holding - The world's largest nitrogen producer), produced a technological revolution in the industry. The technological welding technology of centrifugal compressors developed by it allowed us to increase the resource of these aggregates several times and refuse to deliver similar devices from the United States.
For the first time in the world they made a all-welded rotor, "explains Alexander. - This is the main in the production of ammonia node - a gas compression unit to a pressure of over 300 atmospheres with hypersonic circumferential velocities of compressor working wheels. On the topic of welding of the magnetic controlled arc, I have about fifteen copyright. If briefly, there, in fact, the discovery on the influence of the electromagnetic field on electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity was made.
Workouts in the field of welding created within the framework of the Himprom were useful in other industries. Sergeyev was developed a welding transformer, in its characteristics exceeding those sold on the market, while its cost was 30% lower, and the space of the space occupied five times. In the 1980s, the inventor wanted to suggest his development to the authorities, but the restructuring was killed in the country, a cooperative movement began; Sergeyev left the plant and, taking with him the back of his team, organized an enterprise, producing industrial welding equipment.
I came to Gosbank, said that we want to organize a cooperative. Speak: Write a business plan. I have a hand on the format of A4 format, right with them. Sixty thousand rubles the first loan we took. Just a girl came from the bank, checked the target use, "the scientist remembers.
From spoilers for vases to furniture
In 1999, Sergeev began developing in the field of plastics chemistry. He founded the company "Technok", which, using its invention, created spoilers for new models of AvtoVAZ. If briefly, Sergeev came up with how to make polyurethane foam durable and easy - the fact that many years of autogencies could not be carried out by companies claiming to contract with AvtoVAZ. As a result, a composite material that maintains mechanical loads at the level of technical plastics was obtained. For several years, the company has delivered over a million spoilers for the main conveyor AvtoVAZ. Sergeev defended the project in the Venture Fund of the Samara Region, having received funding for the purchase of equipment, as well as sowing investments in a whole 70 million rubles. Three years later, the company "Technocom" began to produce products from polyurethane foam for the furniture industry - elements for the design of facades of buildings under the brand name Modus Decor. Today, Technokom includes the top three of the leaders of this market, in which, by the way, before the arrival of Togliatti, the imports reigned almost unprisoned. To the question, if Sergeyev was pleased with his furniture business, I received an unexpected answer: "This business I launched only to earn money for the real case of my life - creating an internal combustion engine working on new principles." In the "basement" modus Decor Sergeev has been developing a new engine for many years, and this year built a working prototype.
Dream engine
In front of me was at the sight of the usual engine - the internal combustion engine, which are used in vehicles, low energy, small aviation and many where else. It was only strange that, firstly, it was a two-stroke, and secondly, I did not find any throttle in it. The engine was connected to a standard industrial gas analyzer, which makes it possible to determine the composition of exhaust gases with an accuracy of hundredth fractions, and their quantitative characteristics - CO, CO2, CH, O2, as well as an excess air coefficient λ is the so-called lambda. Sergeev launched the engine (on gasoline), which began to publish quite recognizable sounds of the working piston mechanism, but the gas analyzer began to show strange things - the composition of exhaust gases was not very different from the composition of ordinary air (except for a meager amount of hydrocarbons): CO - 0.1%, CO2 - 3%, CH - 250 units, and O2 - 18%. It is worth recalling that in the air that we breathe, oxygen is just 18% (from 17 to 21%, if you are accurate). And in the exhaust even the most expensive four-stroke engines of the highest environmental Standard Gas content is: CO - 0.5%, CO2 - 15%, CH - 220 units (without a catalytic neutralizer), O2 - 0.5%. Lambda (λ) in a new engine - 2 ÷ 5.
Look, no throttle, but this is a two-stroke cycle. One cylinder twists the four-cylinder kinematic scheme, - shows Sergeev on the engine details, enjoying the effect on me. - I now close the intake manifold. This is like throttle valve. It is to show that the gas analyzer works fine. For specialists, it is immediately clear. Now Lambda will begin to appear. Here Lambda is 1.43 - it means that the device works. Now the oxygen is less and already dragged with a thousand with superfluous. Now discovered, started working with full filling. All: oxygen grows, with falls, CO2 falls. When specialists come, who understand in the subject, they simply do not believe. The engine works in almost air.
The engine from the "basement" of Togliatti furniture maker does not pollute the atmosphere at all. In this case, the fuel consumption is obtained by some fantastically low: 2.7-3 l per 100 km with a developed power of 300 liters. with. In terms of power, it is an internal engine, for example, in "Infiniti", which is eating at least 14 liters per 100 km. Such parameters are ensured due to the fact that in the combustion chamber, the fuel mixture combines completely. But how is it achieved? First, the engine is designed according to the scheme of the frightened mechanism that engineer Sergey Balandininvented back during the Second World War. Stalin's scientist did not have time to complete its development, as the turbojettaeuctive thrust appeared, and his piston engine ideas were never embodied. Nevertheless, interest in this scheme among inventors remained. Balandina had a lot of followers, but the further in the industrial use was advanced Alexey Vul. Sergeyev managed to develop the technology to an effectively working prototype and achieve the result. In addition, in the engine of Sergeyev used invented fundamentally new methods for mixing and fuel combustion.
All ingenious simply
What is interesting to the Balandine scheme? When this engine is running, there is no lateral pressure of the pistons on the cylinder walls, "says Alexander Sergeev. - Due to this, the mechanical efficiency increases to 95 percent. Second: there you can increase the linear speed of the piston. So you can increase power. Until now, no one has implemented this kinematic scheme in industrial volumes.
Ten years ago Sergeev wondered: here is an ancient device that exists "thousand years", - Primus. In it, fuel is burned almost one hundred percent, and no one cares. Why? Because in primus kerosene, first evaporates, moves from the liquid phase to the gas and only then burns. To burn, fuel should pass preparations for a chemical combustion reaction - go from the liquid phase to the gas. Previously, a carburetor was carburetor, where the mixture was prepared. But still it was the liquid phase. Now done direct injectionWhen high-pressure nozzles injected fuel directly to the working cylinder. However, also in the liquid phase. Otherwise, in the engine Sergeev: after gasification of the fuel-air mixture, the homogeneous mixture enters the combustion chamber of new geometry with deep density bundle. This provides a concentration of the rich fuel-air mixture in the area of \u200b\u200belectrodes of the spark plug electrode, which ensures its confident ignition, and after the mixture is ignited, the poor fuel and air mixture combines, providing almost complete combustion with the minimum toxicity of spent gases. Combining the advantages of gasoline and diesel engines, as well as a sacrificing kinematic scheme made it possible to create a piston engine with fantastic characteristics.
"Special opinion" of AvtoVAZ and "ROSTEKH" - I looked that in the world have recently done. The Americans invented to wait for gasoline kerosene. Hybrids. But here you have to see what ecology in the production of batteries. And then - how to dispose of everything. Where these are charging stations put And still need a gasoline engine that will twist this generator, "the scientist is rightly arguing.
Our Togliatti Kulibin patented its inventions, and not only in Russia, but also in the United States and even in Japan (it is incredibly difficult to get a patent in Japan, all technical specialists in the world know about it). After publication in the federal journal of US patents (compulsory procedure), this patent was elected from 28 thousand in a hundred "most interesting", and an article about the new technologies of Sergeev with the heading "New Birth of the DVS" published an authoritative American magazine Science. Immediately after publishing publication, literally the next day, Sergeyev fell out letters from American manufacturing companies and venture capital funds; Requests for the sale of technology came from the defense enterprises related to the giants Lockheed Martin and Darpa. Most offered to pay for the arrival of our scientist in the States and there to negotiate, without calling the price, and some immediately went to the Va Bank and the transaction amount was called. The biggest amount marked in these letters (copies are at the disposal of the Expert), - 220 million dollars. Given that the cumulative value of all assets of the inventor does not exceed $ 10 million, the proposal is more than attractive.
There were proposals on cooperation and from Japanese corporations. In one letter, it is indicated that in Japan, a private-state program for the development of a new internal combustion engine is adopted, in which the goal is made by the creation of an internal engine, which will be 30% more economical and more environmentally friendly (CO2 output to reduce by 20%, with 35%) than existing today. The program allocated $ 10 billion, of which 50% - financing from the government of the country. Posted by 2020 to enter the demonstration of the working prototype. How they were all upset there, when they learned that in Russia there was already such a prototype, and with characteristics an order of magnitude higher than those were laid in their ambitious program. However built by buyers from different countries All as one received a refusal, and Sergeev himself firmly decided to remain a true patriot, find Russian investors.
But in AvtoVAZ - the main enterprise that could implement development in the field of internal combustion engine, when Sergeyev showed documents and video of his engine, simply dismissed.
Back in 2009, the chief designer of Vaz Peter Mikhailovich Prusov wanted to convene the All-Russian Engineering Conference to make I report. But then Muscovites with the French arrived at the plant, the power here began to change, and all this was noticed. I showed data and video to the current plant management, but they said that this could not be. They thought it was falsification, "Sergeev is surprised.
In Rostech, where I turned for a comment, just a month and a half simply "fed with breakfasts." Then the answer came from there, but the corporation did not even contacted Sergeyev. "The layout of the single-cylinder two-stroke engine of the internal combustion of the development of A. N. Sergeyev is not applicable to the products of the state corporation" Rostech ": ADC is developing and creating aviation, rocket and gas pumping engines. For drone production of OPK and Kalashnikov, systems are used to which this engine is not applicable. The engine is not suitable for current cars production AvtoVAZ. In other situations for cars, it will be necessary serious technical refinement Designs and control systems, in addition to this, no issues of ecology have been worked in connection with the cycle two-phase. " That is, translating to the human language, the answer can be decrypted: ADC - United Engine-Building Corporation - Despite the Targets and Tasks of the Development of Total Existing Spectrum of Engineering Technology, it does not want to take for a new direction, and redo the designs of drone and vehicles under The new engine, on the development of which "Rostech" has already spent money and time, specialists of the state corporation consider it inappropriate. Despite the fact that this simple fit under the main node (engine) will lead to a real technological and energy revolution. About the "Ecology Questions in connection with the cycle doubletack" I am generally better willed, for here the valiant "Rostech" simply "slept" is that his specialists did not even read the protocol sent by the Commission of the University of Samara University.
From the CJSC came generally a strange letter, reflecting the monstrous incompetence of people from the board of state ownership. Quote: "The proposed power ranges (up to 300 liters) are already being mastered by the GMZ" Agat "together with Ciam (Central Institute of Aviation Instrumentation. Baranova. - "Expert") And the OKB MOTOR-STRANCE ... "Although any student knows from the heat engineering course that a frightened kinematic scheme (Balandine scheme) is just valuable in that it does not have restrictions on an increase in engine power (from the same 300 l. with. You can easily jump to 1000 l . with. and more, if necessary), because due to the lack of lateral pressure on the walls of the cylinder, the linear piston rate can be increased almost to infinity. Further specialists are written: "The market of domestic LA C FEAs is very limited, perhaps will develop in the near future, but as long as it is extremely narrow." Iron logic ... if someone will release to the world market, say, a drone (or a small plane used by a piston engine), which consumes in three or four (!) Times less fuel than existing modern analogues, and which, accordingly, can autonomously Fly several times longer, guess what hysterically crazy demand will be at him.
However, the rational grain in the answer is still found. The company's specialist reported that "the existing editorial office of the" Piston Engineering Development Strategy "offers the creation of a competence center for aviation piston engines based on CIAM"; In my opinion, it is now right, because there is no time alone, and nothing (in the sense of the base) is to do, therefore developers make sense to appeal in Ciam. Now the structure of the competencies of the state in development has become clear piston engines. But the appeal to Cyam turned out to be useless. The press secretary of the Institute only reported: "Documents transferred to those skilled in the art, maybe they will contact you ..."
Adequate scientists
Sergeev showed the development of one of the main scientific institutions by theme of DVS In Russia - the Department of Heat Engines of the Samara National Research University. S. P. Queen. Her specialists came to the furniture factory literally the day after receiving the letter. The Delegation was headed by Academician of the Russian Academy of Transport, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Vladimir Biryuk - a peaceful scientist who is the main expert of the Energia Rocket and Space Corporation, Roscosmos, Ministry of Industry, etc., the Commission also included the chief engineer of the Scientific Center of Gas Dynamic Research Igor Nippardengineer Alexey Goršalyvand the worship of the University of Samara University, Candidate of Technical Sciences Dmitry Sarmin. In an "Expert" interview, Vladimir Biryuk said that he was amazed seen in Togliatti, but after checking all the engine indicators there was no doubt left. The exit commission decided to urgently do this project in priority.
The Protocol of the Joint Meeting states: "They discussed the work of the working layout of a single-cylinder, two-stroke engine of internal combustion with technical characteristics and indicators exceeding existing ones in global engineering analogs. The main difference of this engine is: a fundamentally new scheme of mixing and fuel combustion, providing almost complete combustion of fuel with an excess air coefficient in modes idle move and partial loads in the range 3 ≤ λ ≤ 5, which ensured a significant decrease in fuel consumption in these modes and reduced the toxicity of exhaust gases. CO \u003d 0.1%, CH \u003d 250 ÷ 350, CO2 \u003d 3 ÷ 5%, O2 \u003d 12 ÷ 18%. New decisions of mixing and fuel combustion are protected by Patents of the Russian Federation, USA and Japan. This engine is multi-fuel and can operate in idle mode and partial loads in a double blowing cycle, reducing fuel consumption at these modes, and a two-stroke cycle on power modes, which allows you to develop maximum power Engine. Demonstration and discussion of the work of the single-cylindrical model presented by the presented DVS makes it possible to decide: to recognize it appropriate to create a joint working group for the further development and manufacture of an experimental sample of the engine with a volume of 2 l, with a capacity of 250 ÷ 300 l. p., With a torque of at least 300 N · m and weighing no more than 150 kg, to recognize it appropriate to develop a prototype engine with a capacity of 30-35 liters. with. With minimal mass. "
One of the world's leading experts on the thermal physics professor of the department of computer thermal physics and energy imaging monitoring of St. Petersburg National Research University ITMO Doctor of Technical Sciences Nikolai Pilipenko It did not believe in the existence of an engine with a mechanical efficiency of 95%. In an interview with "Expert", he stated: "This simply cannot be. There is some kind of trick. Otherwise, it would be a real world sensation at the level of creating an atomic bomb. " The scientific luminaries surveyed in the field of thermal physics, heat engineering and piston engines in other countries also only jumbled into the tube, pointing to the existence in the world of thousands of all sorts of "revolutionary" projects, starting with vacuum trains and ending with ionic or plasma engines, but it's all "projes on paper", which in reality are unrealizable due to either structural featuresor lack of demand. However, after presenting international patent certificates, people mainly asked to give the coordinates of the inventor. Professor Osax University Yukio SakeThirty years has been developing gas-dynamic engines for Japanese autocontracens, suggested creating a joint Russian-Japanese enterprise to complete the development and organization of engines. And the leading engineer of the center of heat engineering engineering in Frankfurt am Main (maintains a contract for a contract with BMW and Volkswagen) Gabriel Weinzit was surprised that the "project still did not" swallowed "some enterprising investor" and invited Sergeev to Germany to work together and organizing an international conference. However, this investor, according to the logic of things, the state should be, since new engines have great potential for use in military equipment and weapons.
Ice started
In the meantime, the state in his monstrous nervousness thinks, Sergeev's inventor is already doing the following steps. Now, he, together with the specialists of the University of Samara, forms a team of developers to bring the engine to perfection, the introduction of other technologies developed by him and create power plants for various tasks - cars, drones, small aircraft, low electric generation, ships, etc. Documentation for 35 new Patents that make it possible to protect know-how, which are still to be implemented in a new engine. It is clear that there is no money from the university and today the project urgently needs a strategic investor. The developments of Sergeev was already interested in the RCC Energia and the company - the developer of drum drone for the Ministry of Defense.
The mass introduction of the internal combustion engine with a qualitatively higher efficiency will definitely allow the economy more energy efficient. You are just thinking: Today, more than 80% of energy in the world produce internal combustion engines. Electricity will cost a penny (it will be possible to autonomously dump the house with electricity from a mini-power station at a price three times lower than from the main networks), and the generation itself will become affordable even in a deaf taiga. And cars? Imagine a jeep with a 300-power engine that consumes only three liters of combustible per 100 km, or ordinary car, literally "sniffing" fuel of 0.5 liters per 100 km. At the same time, it will be possible to pour into the tank not only gasoline octane numberAnd literally everything that burns: there is no location nearby - poured a bottle of vodka and drowned.
Application for sensation
The mechanical efficiency of the proposed motor in 95% is achieved by using the kinematic scheme of the frightened mechanism (Balandin mechanism), in which the losses for overcoming the friction forces are significantly reduced by eliminating the side pressure of the piston on the walls of the working cylinder. At the best internal engine crank mechanism Mechanical efficiency remains at 90%.
The fuel efficiency of the engine of Alexander Sergeeva reaches 98% due to the organization of the new patented process of mixing and fuel combustion, providing full fuel combustion in the working cylinder.
Thermodynamic efficiency of the proposed development is 60-65% due to the organization of work gasoline engine In a two-stroke cycle with a full filling of the working cylinder with atmospheric air on all modes of its operation, with the degree of compression ε \u003d 14 ÷ 20 without detonation.
The developed engine is steadily operating in a two-stroke cycle with a double purge, in idling modes and partial load (the main modes of the engine in urban mode and movement along the highway, which is ≈80 ÷ 85% of the work of the engine), that is, one move works, the next purge That ideally prepares the working cylinder to the next working cycle. This allows you to further reduce fuel consumption and ensure optimal temperature mode Engine operation, which also contributes to the increase in thermodynamic) motor efficiency.
