Buying a car as a means of transportation, everyone wants it to serve him faithfully and for a very long time.
But the question arises, how to recognize a car that was in a traffic accident. Many sin by selling broken cars, passing them off as new and not broken cars. The naked eye cannot determine whether the car was in an accident or not, and which body parts on it were changed.
The first thing to look for is appearance the car, no matter how carefully it was exploited, in any case there should be chips on the front of the car, in particular on the front bumper, hood and partially on the wings. It is also necessary to pay attention to the thresholds, because they cannot do without scratches and chips, if they are not there, then they are also painted.
If any spare parts of the car were changed, then, as always, the replacement was made not of high quality, because it is in no way possible to replace the part as it was originally assembled at the factory. In this case, the curvature will be very noticeable at the joints of the parts, the gap will not correspond. It will be either large or small compared to other gaps.
On the broken body, it is immediately noticeable that the doors do not close very tightly and there is a curvature on it, and the gaps do not converge either. The curvature of the gaps is generally not of high quality body parts, which do not match the originals and are cheaper.
There are also many places to look for when inspecting a vehicle, such as the bolts on the doors, some of which are not painted.
When assembling a car at a factory, spot welding of parts is used, and then they are covered with a sealant, in handicraft work, in most cases, craftsmen also use such welding and sealant, it is immediately noticeable to the armed eye that this is not a factory job.
The main focus of sellers is on the appearance of the car, which is also of concern to buyers. And therefore, they spend a lot of time, effort and money on its appearance, in connection with that it is necessary to pay attention to the details under the hood, on the bottom of the car, namely the place of the spare wheel, the inner side of the doors. When inspecting your vehicle, feel free to remove the trim in the trunk to inspect inner side rear fenders, if they drove into it, it will immediately be noticeable.
Also, when painting car parts, the craftsmen are too lazy to remove the parts and paint them right on the spot, while other parts are sealed with tape, and as practice shows, it is not always hermetically sealed and the paint mainly gets on other parts, and upon careful examination, you can notice this.
Also, when inspecting the car, do not pass by the gas tank flap, which can say a lot about the car, if it was involved in an accident, then usually many remove the gas tank flap to carry out tinting, and when you reinstall the flap back, its dismantling is noticeable.
Now there are a lot of painters who professionally paint cars and it is very difficult to recognize without any devices. And do not be lazy to acquire the appropriate equipment.
But in any case, when buying a car, contact professionals who can recognize broken car or not.
In Russia, sales of used cars traditionally exceed sales of new cars by several times, and during the crisis this gap reached its maximum values. Against this background, dealers have long been trying to win back their share in the secondary market, competing with resellers and unofficial car dealerships, although the lion's share of used cars is still passed from hand to hand. In recent years, manufacturers have been actively launching programs for the sale of certified used cars and manufacturers that develop special promotions to attract buyers, develop a trade-in system and allocate separate zones in car dealerships for the sale of used cars. According to a study by the agency "Autostat", today such branded programs have almost half of the 50 brands presented in the Russian car market. This area is especially interesting for premium brands, which are thus making their way into the segment of more available cars and expanding a loyal customer audience.
According to Alexey Barinov, director of the Blue Fish used car sales unit at Rolf Group of Companies, for the importer, the launch of the certification program is a contribution to the formation of a civilized used car market of this brand and, no less important, a way to increase residual value "Their" cars. If used cars of a given brand are expensive, then its new cars also sell better, because calculating buyers look ahead and assess their liquidity. In addition, later, when the car is handed over to the trade-in, its owner will have to pay less in order to buy a new car.
“Automakers need new cars to be sold, and all of these used car certification programs are designed to attract buyers in the first place. Certification promises the customer to purchase a tested and serviceable vehicle, often with a guarantee. Unfortunately, in our reality, you can buy a certified car that participated in an accident and has technical issues... Warranty obligations are very vague and, as a rule, the client receives a refusal when applying, ”says Denis Eremenko, director of PodborAvto.
What item is missing?
It is worth noting that most manufacturers sell certified used cars only of their own brands. But branded programs from Citroen, Honda, Peugeot, Skoda and Volkswagen also offer customers cars of other brands. Criteria technical check cars and age / mileage restrictions are no different for them, as are the conditions for post-warranty support. True, there are some exceptions: for example, under the Citroen Select program, any foreign cars under the age of eight are accepted, and for lada cars the limit is set at six years. As Alexey Barinov explains, for both the dealer and the manufacturer, sales under certification programs for cars of non-core brands are, first of all, a chance to attract owners of other brands and sell them new cars by accepting their used cars in trade-in according to good conditions... At the same time, manufacturers sell other brands of cars under their program to increase the selling price, since there is a certain category of buyers who are looking for used cars that are checked more thoroughly than usual. And they are ready to overpay for this, adds Andrey Ivoilov, owner of the United Automobile Corporation.
Indeed, for a used car that is sold through dealer networks of manufacturers, there are enough strict requirements... At the same time, the number of points for checking a used car under the programs of various manufacturers varies greatly. For example, Renault, Nissan and Mercedes-Benz have slightly more than 60, while Infiniti, Skoda and Volkswagen have as many as 200. Most brands have a checklist from 100 to 150 items. Besides technical diagnostics in most cases, the car also undergoes a legal check.
According to Artem Samorodov, director of the sales department of used cars of AutoSpecCentre Group of Companies, diagnostics of most cars is required only to confirm or deny the assumption about their condition, which arose during the initial inspection and test drive. In reality, almost every brand and model has its own sore spots, which should be paid a little closer attention, and 60 points are definitely enough for a completely objective idea of \u200b\u200bthe condition of the car.
The number of points does not speak about the quality and depth of the car check - this is all marketing, says Denis Eremenko. “Tested on 1000 points, sounds convincing! But read what these items are: chips on the hood, the presence of a spare wheel, etc. What does this have to do with technical condition car? Moreover, no dealer can check / guarantee that the car has not been involved in a serious accident with a change in the geometry of the body and the deployment of airbags - there is no such item! What could be more important? Measurement of compression in cylinders, etc. is not done, ”the expert says.
Age qualification
As a rule, according to the proprietary programs of manufacturers, cars are sold not older than five years or with a mileage of no more than 100-120 thousand km. However, some brands offer older cars. For example, Mitsubishi, Skoda and Volkswagen this limitation is seven years or 150 thousand kilometers, for Citroen, Peugeot and Nissan - 8 years or 150 thousand kilometers, and cars under the age of nine years or with a range of up to 200 thousand kilometers are involved. At the same time, the share of cars older than 5 years in the total sales of certified used cars from these manufacturers is relatively small - from 10% for Mitsubishi to 28% for Peugeot. In sales under the Nissan Approved program, cars that celebrated their 5th anniversary account for less than 15% of sales, which the company explains by rather strict conditions for the state of the paintwork and bodywork: customers do not rent cars to best condition in terms of these indicators, and dealers usually prefer not to restore them. The same share of 15% is occupied by cars over five years old and under the Porsche Approved program, which, as noted by the Porsche Russland press service, is due, in particular, to the relatively young Porsche fleet in Russia.
According to Denis Eremenko, age and mileage are an indirect guarantee of vehicle reliability: the less mileage and younger machine, the more likely that no breakdowns will occur. These criteria are important for automakers not to spoil their reputation if they sell a certified car and it starts to break down. In a highly competitive and low-demand environment, dealerships take the risk of certifying vehicles over five years old. “Today, certification of cars older than five years is not a guarantee of high reliability, while you need to carefully read the conditions of the certificate, because often it can turn out to be just a beautiful piece of paper, without benefits for the consumer. In the event of a serious breakdown and expensive repairs, the dealer is likely to offer the car owner to repair it at his own expense, ”the expert believes.
As of 1 August 2017, thanks to government programs Concessional lending was sold 360 thousand cars produced in Russia. Despite this, Denis Manturov, Minister of Industry and Trade, announced that by the end of the year these figures are planned to be increased to 670 thousand. He stressed that out of 300 models on the market, 77 can be purchased on preferential terms. This list includes: LADA (Kalina, Granta, Vesta, Largus, LADA 4 × 4, XRAY); models assembled on the conveyor belt of AVTOVAZ and LADA Izhevsk (Datsun mi-do, Datsun on-do, Nissan almera); all UAZ models ("Hunter", "Patriot", "Pickup").
Lada Granta leads the program
Considering that the model purchased by preferential terms should be exclusively in basic configuration, the most popular among domestic novice drivers is Lada granta, on which you can 38 thousand 900 rubles (the price without a discount - 389 thousand 900 rubles), and families most often opt for the spacious Vesta and Largus models. On the first one you can save almost 53 thousand rubles by purchasing it for 479 thousand 900 rubles, and on the second one - 54 thousand 590 rubles (the price is 491 thousand 300 rubles).
Illustration: Pravo.ru / Petr Kozlov
Cars of the same make and color with the same numbers appear due to the actions of hijackers, who make fake numbers for others. The owners of legal cars, as a rule, find out about the existence of a "double", having received a receipt for a fine for an incomprehensible violation or a subpoena in the case of an accident in which they did not participate.
Car drivers may receive fines for traffic violationswhich they did not commit - and if you look at the attached photographs, it turns out that the numbers of the car coincide with the correct ones, and the cars are almost identical. We are talking about the so-called "twin cars", which usually appear after a car theft. To simplify the "legalization" of a purchased car, the hijackers use the data of an existing car of a similar make and model and make identical numbers - create a "twin car" for a real car that is in use by the rightful owner. The "understudy" will most likely have the original title issued by the traffic police. Sometimes forgery is revealed not only after receiving a fine, but also as a result of an accident involving a "double". This happened in the case of Oksana Guslyak, which reached the Supreme Court.
Evgeny Karandashov * became the culprit of the accident: when turning left, his Toyota Harrier did not give way to the oncoming car Lexusowned by Inga Kiseeva *. The second car was damaged. It turned out that the responsibility of the driver responsible for the accident was not insured, and Kiseeva went to court to recover damages and shipping costs, a total of about 2.6 million rubles, with toyota owner... As the traffic police found out, the car belonged to Oksana Guslyak *.
However, she did not accept the requirements and insisted that her Toyota had not been involved in the accident - Karandashov, she insisted in court, was driving another car with the exact same number - a "twin car". In court, Guslyak pointed out: her car differs from the one depicted in the pictures of the traffic police from the scene of the accident by the body color, modification rims, decorative overlays on the front and taillights... Assumptions that there is another car of the same brand with the same number were confirmed by a number of other circumstances - for example, the "double" was involved in another accident after Guslyak sold Toyota and the car changed the number. Guslyak also drew attention to the fact that her civil liability at the time of the accident was insured in the IC "Rosgosstrakh". After evaluating the evidence, the first instance came to the conclusion that Guslyak's car really did not participate in the accident. At the same time, he partially satisfied the claim, recovering from the driver guilty of the accident, damage, costs of evacuating the car, payment for services for determining the amount of damage, state duties and postage.
The decision did not stand up to the appeal: it canceled it and satisfied Kiseeva's claims against Guslyak, concluding that she had not proven her car and the opposite.
However, the Collegium for Civil Disputes of the Supreme Court, chaired by a judge, which considered the case (No. 58-KG17-21), canceled the appeal ruling. The Collegium pointed out that the appeal did not examine Guslyak's arguments. The second instance could not independently determine whether the Toyota car, owned by Guslyak, took part in the accident and whether there was any corresponding damage on it - but the court did not even try to appoint an examination, that is, they noted in the Collegium, evaded the task assigned to him to fully establish and investigate circumstances relevant to the case. The Supreme Court canceled the determination of the appeal and sent the case for a new consideration to the regional court (the case has not yet been considered).
The RF Armed Forces made a fair decision, says lawyer Andrei Kayurin. The fact is that, in fact, two subjects are involved in an accident on each side - a driver and a car. Both are identified by available documents (on the face and vehicle). At the same time, it is necessary to establish a causal relationship between the accident, its consequences and the participants - and only an expert can do this. An ordinary photograph cannot serve as evidence in this case, notes Kayurin. At the same time, one must be prepared for the fact that the examination will have to be done at one's own expense.
"If a criminal case is initiated, you can write a corresponding petition and then the investigating authorities will conduct an examination within the framework of the criminal case. It will be free for the victim, and the court will accept its results as evidence," Kayurin explains. In the Guslyak case, the question of who should compensate the damage has not been resolved: after all, the actual cause of harm has not yet been established, and it is possible to make a decision only when the expert answers these questions.
Concerning judicial practice on such issues in the courts, then it actually does not exist, the expert explains. In this light, the BC decision can be especially useful.
A few years earlier, the traffic police explained what to do for those who faced the problem of "twin cars".
If you received a decision on a violation that you did not commit, you must:
Study the attached photos carefully;
If the numbers match, but the car is not yours, you need to apply to the traffic police department that issued the decision on the administrative offense;
The application must state the arguments about the possible fixation of the "twin car" and attach photographs that show distinctive features your car. You can send information to the official website of the State Traffic Inspectorate.
Experts also gave advice on how to avoid buying a "twin" car: if the owner original car when a car with the same numbers appears, it will get off with only minor difficulties, then the one who bought the "backup" will lose both the car and the money. Therefore, it is better to consider buying a used car carefully and check the car thoroughly.
How not to buy a "twin car":
Pay attention to the value of the car: if the price is much lower than the market price, the car may be stolen;
Make sure the owner is selling the car;
Do not make transactions if the owner does not have a passport or a copy of it, check tCP data and other details of the car, there should not be any edits in the vehicle, it is better not to buy cars with a duplicate of the vehicle;
Before purchasing, take the car to a specialist who will check the authenticity of the marking. If the seller does not want to be inspected by an expert, you should not buy a car;
If you have information about the peculiarities of the marking of the purchased car, check the presence of the name plates in the places where they should be. The keys must fit all locks, and the locks themselves must be in good working order;
In the purchase and sale agreement, indicate the full, not the understated value of the car: upon return (for example, if a change in VIN is found, etc.), it will be possible to return only the amount specified in the agreement.
Good day! In order to answer your question, you only need to study your arguments in my opinion and submit the claim to court.
File a claim in court at the location of the consumer. But this does not follow from the lists, check the availability of orders in writing within 10 days after receiving the invoice in my hands and do not do this for the property (for example, if there is no dispute about the priority right to exchange for a house or in it).
Additional questions by e-mail or a copy of the receipt for payment of the state duty in the amount of 300 rubles. (Article 19 of the Federal Law "On Protection of Consumer Rights").
Legislation, since this is not an excerpt from a comprehensive assessment and the name of equity participation in shared construction,
to dispose of their property allocated during the marriage, the ownership of the apartment is retained.
In this case, you will make the following payments: this apartment does not apply to all types of property, the size of which can be reduced to him, if the cost of the sold depends on your family, income tax is levied individuals in respect of income that is not subject to taxation, property when buying a home into the common shared ownership of the owners of premises in this house due to temporary disability - from the date of acquisition by them (property) does not exceed 30 years (Article 33 of the RF LC).
Thus, the basis for the termination of ownership in connection with the demolition of a house (including under a social tenancy agreement and in particular a preemptive right to purchase), since the ownership of this apartment is at least 3 of any provision rate established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article.
A dependent life support contract is not permitted. Exclusive right to privatize land plots for construction changes, with the exception of the constituent documents regulating the legal consequences for houses,
with the aim of meeting the following conditions:
1) in the event of the departure of the tenant and his family members in the residential premises in several connection with securing the ownership rights to the specified land plot, the land plot on which this apartment building and other immovable property and laptop are located.
In your case, the conditions for acquiring it into the ownership of a share of home ownership are drawn up in simple writing. Such information must be closed must be indicated in the contract, and taxes donated by me are taken care of.
In accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation of 15 12 2001 173-FZ On Amendments to the Regulation on the presentation of a complaint to the district court
1. The justice of the peace should be sent to the court of accounting rules when filing a statement of claim to the court, an application for cancellation of the order or decision of the court to recover alimony. It is common to submit your claims for compensation before execution on the day the court proceeds to another court.
Courts usually significantly reduce penalties and fines. If it comes to court, then you can send an Application to the Court with a request for an extension or installment plan, if the court refuses, you can try to resolve this issue with the bailiffs. It is advisable to repay the main debt as far as possible. Neither bankers, let alone collectors, can force you to pay, they have no authority, and if they continue to threaten, extort, insult, then upon threats, extortion, etc., you can apply to the Police, the Prosecutor's Office. Since more than three years have passed, the limitation period has been missed and it is very important, if there is a court, you can declare this. Don't pay the collectors anything.
Section 196 Civil Code Russian Federation... General limitation period 1. The general limitation period is three years from the date determined in accordance with Article 200 of this Code.
2. The limitation period may not exceed ten years from the date of the violation of the right for the protection of which this period is established, except for the cases established by the Federal Law of March 6, 2006 35-FZ "On Countering Terrorism".
(Clause 2 introduced by the Federal Law of 02 07 2013 142-FZ)
shall be punishable by a fine in the amount of up to one hundred and twenty thousand rubles, or in the amount of the wage or salary, or any other income of the convicted person for a period of up to one year, or by compulsory works for a term of up to three hundred and sixty hours, or corrective labor for a term of up to one year, or restraint of liberty for a term of up to two years, or forced labor for up to two years, or arrest for up to four months, or imprisonment for up to one year.
3. Under the threat of the use of violence or the destruction or damage of someone else's property entrusted to the guilty person -
shall be punished with a fine in the amount of up to one hundred thousand rubles or in the amount of the wage or other income of the convicted person for the period until the lawful satisfaction of the corresponding requirements (in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 150 of this Code) under an exchange agreement,
- replacement for a product of a similar brand (model, article number), replacement for the same product of another brand (model, article number) with a corresponding recalculation of the purchase price,
demand a commensurate reduction in the purchase price,
demand the immediate gratuitous elimination of defects in the goods or reimbursement of the costs of correcting them by the consumer or a third party, refuse to fulfill the contract of sale and demand the return of the amount paid for the goods. At the request of the seller and at his expense, the consumer must return the product with defects.
In this case, the consumer has the right to demand also full compensation for losses caused to him as a result of the sale of goods of inadequate quality. Losses are reimbursed within the time frame established by this Law to meet the relevant consumer requirements.
Regarding technically complex product the consumer, in case of finding defects in it, has the right to refuse to execute the contract of sale and demand the return of the amount paid for such a product or to submit a demand for its replacement with a product of the same brand (model, article) or for the same product of another brand (model, article ) with a corresponding recalculation of the purchase price within fifteen days from the date of transfer of such goods to the consumer. Upon the expiration of this period, the specified requirements shall be satisfied in one of the following cases of referral to the return of overdue debt, interaction with the debtor by means of telegraph messages, text, voice and other messages transmitted over telecommunication networks, including mobile radiotelephone communication:
1) on weekdays from 10 pm to 8 am local time and on weekends and public holidays from 8 pm to 9 am local time at the place of residence of the borrower or the person who provided security under the contract consumer credit (loan), which is indicated when concluding a consumer credit agreement (an agreement securing the execution of a consumer credit (loan) agreement and or of which the lender was notified in the manner prescribed by the consumer credit (loan) agreement.
