Which trailers can be transported with category c. Do I need a category for a light trailer: we understand in more detail

Hello! Trailer owners often ask many legal questions and are interested in the nuances of operating this type of trailed vehicle.

Therefore, I decided to talk a little about this topic. IN to a greater extent Today we are interested in driving with a trailer in a passenger car according to the new rules of 2017. I will say right away that it was 2017 that became the most significant in terms of changes than 2016 or the current 2018.

If you are planning to purchase a trailer for the transportation of various types of goods, or if you want to know what the rules are in the current year, I will try to help you. Let's consider the main issues and the most relevant topics.

General rules

Here I would advise you to look into the previous materials so that I do not have to repeat myself.

First, read the rules for the carriage of the trailer, a link to which I will leave ... Equally important, I consider the topic of the category of driver's license for operating a caravan. The link will be ... And since every trailer must be registered, that is, put on record, I also have a useful article as an instruction on these issues. you will find out what documents will be needed for registration, as well as what awaits you in case of operating a trailer without registration.

In general, the rules for driving a car with a trailer do not differ much from general rules to control the machine itself. But there are a few things to be aware of. Namely:

Operating speed limit on motorways outside settlements is 90 kilometers per hour. On all other roads, no more than 70 km / h or within the framework of valid road signs. This is true for a car with a trailer with a total mass of more than 3500 kg;
If you are driving at night, be sure to turn on the parking lights on the trailer. This rule also applies when driving through tunnels and poorly lit road sections;
Trailers without documents cannot be used. Well, here the rule has been in effect for a long time. Nothing new was invented on this score;
Trailers can only be connected to towing hitch that has ;
It is forbidden to connect a trailer with a self-made towbar that does not have certificates of conformity or has not passed the appropriate safety check;
It is strictly forbidden to transport people in trailers. There is a separate material regarding transportation in a dacha trailer. The link will be .

All these rules are valid in the Russian Federation. Although many visitors to our site are from the Republic of Belarus (Belarus) and Ukraine, I am still talking mostly about Russian legislation.

What the traffic rules say

To obtain the right to drive vehicles, a person must have a driver's license. There is a list of open categories, that is, the types of vehicles that the driver can drive.

In 2016, some changes were made to the traffic rules, as a result of which the importance of category E increased. It includes various tractors and caravans. You can read more about this category. .

In the traffic rules there are specific situations in which the driver is allowed to drive a trailer on public roads:

there are no restrictions in terms of visibility;
there is no difficulty in driving the car itself;
the installed trailer does not cover the main lighting on the rear of the machine;
the trailer does not pollute the road;
in poor lighting and at night, the trailer has its own lighting equipment;
in the OSAGO there is a note about the operation of the caravan (in this regard, read a very useful );
in driving license there is a mark that allows you to drive a car with a trailer;
the trailer has been registered with the traffic police and is equipped with its own license plate.

If you follow all these conditions, you will not have any obstacles to driving with a trailer.

Penalties

I understand that the most pressing issue is precisely the fine that the driver risks getting if he violates the rules for driving with a caravan.

If you do not follow the rules, violate traffic rules, do not take documents with you or don’t get them corny, do not register a trailer, then the chances of issuing a fine are enormous.

There are several legislative acts in this regard. I suggest you familiarize yourself with them:

If you incorrectly install a trailer on the car, or violate the rules of transportation, get ready to pay 500 rubles for the violation. Sometimes you can get by with a simple warning, but don't count on it too much;
A similar amount of a fine is provided for troubleshooting a trailer or a car connected to it. You will also pay 500 rubles if you find any nuances that interfere with the normal and safe operation of the vehicle;
You did not add a mark about the operation of the trailer to the CASCO policy, Do you drive a car with it yourself? This is a common way to save money on insurance. But usually such a trick turns into a fine of 500 rubles;
If the trailer does not have its own numbers, which are issued after registration with the traffic police, the fine already increases to 2,500 rubles;
If according to traffic rules for operating a trailer you need to have category E, but there is no corresponding mark in the certificate, then 5000 rubles will be taken from you according to the law.

By the way, when identifying technical malfunctions you won't get off with a simple fine. You will have to stop driving, fix the problem, and only then continue your journey. And then you pay a fine, because you violated the traffic rules regarding the operation of the trailer, and also created a dangerous situation on the road.

When buying a trailer, motorists ask questions: “Is it worth opening into an additional category? Which trailer do not need a license? " - It is worth noting that rights are required when using all vehicles, rights to a trailer, including, before purchasing which, you should carefully study all the legal and operational subtleties. Otherwise, random traffic violation, is fraught with not only getting a fine, but creating an emergency on the road.

Types of trailers and their designation

Sometimes it is possible to drive a car with a tug if only category “B” is available. For a better understanding of the situation, you should understand the acceptable category for driving a trailer:

О1 - light units with a mass of up to 0.75 tons;
О2 - trailers 0.75-3.5 t;
О3 - heavy, not exceeding 10 tons;
O4 - super heavy equipment from 10 tons.

Carrying capacity, equipped and gross vehicle weight

The topic of the trailer and operating conditions carries with it a terminological series:

The trailer is vehicle not equipped with a motor;
Towing vehicle - transport used in the role of a tug;
Light trailers - trailers with a full load up to 750 kg;
Heavy - trailers from 750 kg with brakes;
Full weight: vehicle + cargo;
Curb weight - the weight of the tug;
Carrying capacity - max. weight supported / transported by the trailer;
Permitted maximum load: vehicle weight + driver + passengers. It was set by the manufacturer as the maximum allowed.

Conditions for the use of trailers weighing more than 750 kg

When driving a heavy machine with a maximum permissible weight exceeding 750 kg, the categories of rights "B" or "BE" are not enough, so you should take care of obtaining the following, namely "D" or "C".

When Category B is Enough

If the unit corresponds to the class "O1", the mark "B" will suffice. The rule also applies when the total load is exceeded by the specified data, which also applies to "C" and "D". Consequently, the basis of the concept is hidden behind the mass of the vehicle.

Option 1. BMW X3 2,5i with a device towed by KMZ 8284 21 and basic parameters:

Auto = 2.24 tons.

Category "B" is allowed to drive the above road train even with full load, since the total mass is up to 3.5 tons, although for this case it is not significant - the towing device belongs to "O1". "BE" is not required.

Toyota LC 100 with off-road trailer

Option 2. Toyota LC 100 with towed device LAV-81011, the main parameters of which:

Max. trailer weight = 0.7 t;
Cars - 3.26 tons.

With the total of the full loads,> 3.5 t comes out, but the mass of the trailer is less than 0.75 t, therefore "B" is sufficient.

When you need categories "BE", "CE" and "DE"

More often motorists ask the question: "Do I need category" E "for driving? by car with a trailer? " Federal Law N 196-FZ "On Security road traffic»It is indicated what category of rights is needed for the operation of the road train:

The need for the subcategory "BE" arises at a load of 0.75 tons. If it belongs to the class "O3", or even to "O4", then "BE" is small;
With the total mass of the trailer from 0.75 tons, the exception is the presence of the total load of the car with the towed device up to 3.5 tons. Then the “B” mark is enough in the rights;
For loads exceeding 3.5 tonnes, marks "C" and "D" are assumed. "E" is mandatory for them.

How to open the category of rights to drive a trailer

"BE", "CE" or "DE", as well as subcategories "C1E" or "D1E" open after a certain period, the driver will also have to retake some exams:

Knowledge of the theory of traffic rules. This exam is taken with tickets.
Practical driving around the city;
Practical driving on the autodrome. Includes two exercises: direct movement reverse and back parking.

It is worth considering: "E" is issued only if you have driving experience "B", "D" and "C" for at least one year. For example, to open "DE" you need to drive a bus for a period of 12 months with the corresponding category "D".

What the law actually says

The rules for passing exams for obtaining the right to drive a vehicle and obtaining a corresponding certificate from the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation are established by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 24.10.2014 N 1097 (as amended on 23.03.2017) “On admission to driving vehicles” (together with “Rules conducting exams for the right to drive vehicles and issuing driving licenses ”).

Drivers of categories "B", "C" or "D" can drive a road train with a maximum permissible trailer load of up to 0.75 tons;
If it is higher, but less than the loaded weight passenger car, and the total mass of the train is within 3.5 tons, mark "B" is enough for control (p. 8);
In the presence of "E", the motorist can drive a tractor "B", "D" or "C" with a towed unit (p. 5, p. 4).

TCP (p 14);
Vehicle registration certificate (last line of the front side).

Who is entitled to receive an additional mark "E" for the operation of the vehicle train:

Categories "BE", "CE" or "DE" - a citizen who has a certificate of "B", "C" and "D" for a period of one year;
“C1E” or “D1E2” - a person certified with categories “C” or “D”, subcategories “C1” or “D1” for a period of at least one year.

Rules for the use of light trailers

Safe operation of a transport vehicle for all road users with the movement of cargo by means of a trailer must comply with several rules.

Cargo movement rules:

The center of gravity must be evenly distributed over the entire surface, the permissible weight is specified in the relevant documents for the hitch.
The only means of securely securing the load is the hitch. It is worth considering that for difficult trails, a safety rope / chain will be required.
Even if the towed implement is parked separately, the braces must always be used.
The maximum permissible level of protrusion beyond the device of bulky goods and special designations for this day and night are determined by the rules of the road.
Transportation of passengers, fire / explosive substances by means of a trailer is prohibited.
The permitted speed for moving on asphalt is 60, for hard surfaces - 40, on a primer - up to 20 km / h.

What documents are needed for a light trailer

Any vehicle must register within ten days from the date of its purchase through the registration department of the traffic police. The design of towed devices is similar to any car.

List of documents for registration of a trailer

Before registering a caravan, the following list of papers should be prepared:

Registration application, filled in at the department;
Applicant's passport;
Power of attorney, when issued by a representative;
Title deed;
Receipt for payment of the state fee;
CTP policy, when registering a trailer for a non-passenger car or for legal entities;
Transit signs, if any;
Vehicle registration certificate, if any.
Technical inspection certificate for legal entities.

After registration, the owner will receive:

Vehicle registration certificate;
Registration mark, when replacing an old one or registering a new one;
Notes in the PTS about the registration plate.

What may the lack of rights to a trailer threaten

Sometimes out of ignorance, and sometimes out of neglect, the owners of the vehicle do not have the appropriate permission to carry out traffic in this way. But such situations of inconsistency of the masses of transported goods with the established tonnage or a certain speed of movement often become causes of road accidents... Such situations with operation without category "E" are legally equated to driving without a driver's license and are punished with a fine of 5 to 15 thousand rubles and evacuation of the vehicle.

In order to avoid conflict situations with law enforcement officers, car owners who have a trailer with a load of up to 0.75 tons should have a printed excerpt from the traffic rules with them.

When purchasing a towing device, it is necessary to take into account that its mass must necessarily correspond to the towing characteristics of the car.

Having understood the rules for managing a transport train, the driver forever protects himself from proving the correctness of the inspectors. You only need the appropriate documents for the vehicle, depending on the weight and type, and the appropriate category of driver's license.

Since 2017, there have been more driving categories. Previous changes in the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation No. 365 took place in January 2014, and now, three years later, it was decided to change again appearance driver's license (and it is determined by this order). Old-style documents are valid until the date specified in them. Meanwhile, the news of the changes rocked the forums: motorists are interested in whether they can drive calmly with the previous type certificates and, if they have category B, whether it is possible to drive with a trailer as before.

Those who have long been disaccustomed to a driving school are somewhat at a loss with the documents of the new sample and the items that are now listed in them. For example, with those paragraphs that replaced the single group B. But everything that corresponded to the characteristics of a passenger vehicle fell under it.

What has changed in 2017

The number of subcategories has increased, and now there is a separate explanation for driving a car with a tow hitch. It is important to determine if the car can be driven with old rights or it's time to go to the traffic police and urgently open new category for an SUV or the usual "Lanos".

Experienced members of the forum assure that there is no need to worry, old certificates have all the basic parameters. To drive a car, a B license is enough, which from now on look like this:

B - for driving passenger cars. ... B1 - for driving tricycles and ATVs. ... BE - for passenger cars with a trailer.

Category B rights

Certificates "B" are allowed to drive a car weighing less than 3500 kg with a number passenger seats no more than 8 (excluding the driver's seat). Minivans such as Mitsubishi Grandis are still cars, and even many GAZelle owners live quietly with B-licenses. It is important to remember that for these vehicles the permitted maximum mass(RMM) trailer - 750 kg... Documents are issued from the age of 18.

Thus, the previous point has remained practically familiar. However, there is a moment that more fully reflects which trailer can be towed with category B.

BE rights

Subcategory BE applies to drivers who plan to equip vehicles with a trailer weighing more than 750 kg... If the vehicle meets the acceptable parameters, you will not have to change the license.

What other trailers fall under category B? The driver will not be fined if the total mass of the train with a trailer weighing more than 750 kg remains within 3.5 tons. It is possible to obtain a BE certificate from the age of 19, provided that driving experience- not less than 12 months

So, we figured out which trailer can be driven with category B. It remains to figure out how to get the missing permit in case the subcategory BE is needed. The law obliges you to go to a driving school again, pass exams and, based on their results, become the owner of a new certificate.

Hello dear friends! On the topic of choosing trailers and towbars, we have already talked a lot, discussed a number of important points selection and operation.

But another logical question arose, the answer to which I am simply obliged to give. It's about whether you need a category for light trailer.

It's great when you know how and you can tell me about it better. But do you have the legal right to drive your vehicle behind which a towed vehicle is moving?

We will understand this in detail.

Basic terminology

You have decided that you want to buy a brand new or some good caravan, trailer, and maybe a large caravan trailer for your car. it will be, it is not fundamentally important. We're not talking about that now.

For some reason, many people think that any trailer can be towed with category B. There is another group of people who do not have a trailer itself, but they know that in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, you do not have the right to use it without a corresponding mark in the driver's license rights.

Who is right and who is not? To navigate the new rules, I will tell you about some legislative acts that are relevant in 2015, 2016 and our 2017. What will happen next, I do not know. Someone may want to drastically change the rules. So far we have what we have.

There are two sections of terminology:

for cars;
for trailers.

They interest us. Having understood these concepts, it will be much easier for you to navigate in the further information.

Cars

This terminology is often used here:

Car weight without load. This is the weight of a completely empty car;
Curb. This is the mass of a car that is fully fueled, has everything necessary spare parts, but does not include the weight of the cargo and the people inside (the driver is among them);
Maximum allowed. The curb weight is added here, as well as the transported cargo and people inside.

What is the mass in the case of your car? I dont know. Each machine has its own specifications. Therefore, open your registration certificate. No, not marriage, but a vehicle. There you will find all the information you need.

Trailer

Now Additional Information regarding trailers. It also has its own terms and concepts that you should understand.

Carrying capacity. This is the weight that the trailer is capable of carrying according to its specifications. It can weigh up to 500 kg, but standard light trailers go up to 750 kg;
Curb weight. Here, as with a car, we have the own weight of a trailer with accessories, but no load;
Full mass. It is also correct to call it permitted. Here we summarize curb weight and payload.

Already starting from the indicators of the total mass, all car trailers were divided into 4 categories.

О1. These are light trailers, the total weight of which is no more than 750 kg;
O2. This includes vehicles with a gross weight in the range of 750-3500 kg;
O3. Category of trailers up to 10 thousand kg;
O4. Trailers with an indicator of 10 thousand kg and more.

But let's talk about everything in order. There it will be easier for you to figure out whether you need to open an additional category E, or you can get by with the standard category B.

Before the trailer itself, as well as thinking about the design, make sure that you are allowed to drive the purchased vehicle with your rights.

Let's analyze each weight category of trailers separately.

Category O1

If your trailer is among those that have a total mass (do not forget, this is the dead weight and the indicator of the carrying capacity together) up to 750 kg, then everything else does not matter.

In such a situation, you have the full legal right to drive a car with a trailer, having only category B in rights.

With a gross trailer weight of 750 kg or less, you do not have to issue subcategory E.

Category O2

This is where the fun begins for car owners.

To drive a vehicle equipped with a trailer weighing up to 3.5 tonnes, you will have to register subcategory E in your driver's license.

But don't jump to conclusions. There are always exceptions to the law. They did not pass by this case either.

If you have category B, you will be able to drive a vehicle with a trailer with a total weight of up to 3.5 tons (permitted weight of a car + total weight of a trailer). That is, if the maximum weight of a car and a caravan falls within these limits. But with the condition that the total mass of your towed vehicle does not exceed the unloaded weight of the vehicle (empty vehicle weight).

In simple terms, you cannot pull a weight that exceeds the weight of the car that pulls if you only have category B.

Now more specifically with examples:

For the category of trailers O3 and O4, initially with the mark "B" in the driver's license, under no circumstances are you allowed to drive such a vehicle and road train. Therefore, the topic of passenger cars is also closed on the O2 category.

Important nuances

There is one more important note. When choosing a caravan, do not forget about such an indicator as towing characteristics.

Each car has its own restrictions on the load that the car is able to pull with it. For example, if the specifications for the vehicle indicate the maximum towing performance of 2 tons, and your trailer weighs 3 tons, then you are not allowed to pull it. Choose those trailers that match the capabilities of the machine. Otherwise, problems will not be avoided.

If you have an urgent need to operate car trailer category O2, but you do not fall under the conditions of exclusions, then it will be logical.

By adding a new subcategory, you will significantly expand your opportunities for cargo transportation.

Although there are people who want to make themselves a category C or D right away, in order to safely operate trailers of various weights. This is a misconception, because even with these two tolerances, you will not be able to drive a caravan.

You will definitely need to additionally draw up subcategories E, that is, so that you have it indicated in the CE or DE rights. No other way.

To solve their economic problems, some car drivers buy heavy equipment and trailers. In this case, it is important to understand that some types of such equipment require the opening of an additional category in the VU (driver's license).

Before buying a trailer, you need to study the nuances associated with this issue so that ignorance of the rules does not make you a violator. Indeed, in certain cases, driving a vehicle with a trailer without opening the rights of a separate category is equivalent to complete absence rights (with all the ensuing consequences).

It is important to know and follow the rules that exist for driving a car with trailers. This is the only way to be sure that the documents are executed correctly, and driver's license and the categories open in them allow you to manage such transport.

In principle, all drivers who have an open category "B" in their rights can drive a car with a trailer, however, some nuances are spelled out in the traffic rules, which we will now consider in detail. So it will become clear in what cases a driver's license for a trailer will be needed and what will be required to obtain one.

What are the VU categories for trailers?

Modern legislation provides for 16 categories of rights that allow you to drive a vehicle (vehicles) different types... Among these categories, only 5 ("BE", "CE", "C1E", "DE", "D1E") are for cars with trailers. Their exact description is contained in the table:

In this case, it is the weight of the trailer that is decisive. The ability of the driver to drive a car without opening an additional category in the VU depends on this indicator.

The main types of light trailers

Among all the options, four main types are distinguished, namely:

О1 - light trailer (weight less than 750 kg);
О2 - light trailer (weight 750-3,500 kg);
О3 - a trailer weighing up to 10 tons;
O4 - a trailer weighing more than 10 tons.

In which case is category “B” sufficient?

According to the established rules, driving a car with a trailer of the type O1 does not require the opening of an additional category in the license (even if the total mass of the entire road train exceeds that set in the main category). This rule applies to both categories "B" and "C" and "D".

For example, consider several options:

Example # 1.

Suppose the driver is driving by BMW X3 2,5i (weight 2240 kg) with a KMZ 8284 21 Kurganmash plant trailer (weight up to 750 kg - refers to the "O1" type). The total mass of the road train does not exceed 3,500 kg, therefore, to operate it, no additional category will need to be opened.

Example # 2.

The driver drives by Toyota LC 100 (weight 3 260 kg), which is equipped with a trailer LAV-81011 (manufactured by LLC "Vector"), the weight of which is 700 kg.
If we sum up the mass of the car and the trailer, then the resulting value will be more than 3,500 kg. However, since the trailer belongs to the "O1" type and has a low weight, it is possible to drive the road train without opening additional categories, and this will not be a violation of the rules.

Please note that a driver with only category B in his rights can drive a passenger car with a trailer weighing more than 750 kg, but the total weight of the road train does not exceed 3,500 kg.

Category "BE": when should you receive?

To drive a car with a trailer that belongs to the type "O2" (and higher), you will need to open the category "E" in the license. At the same time, persons who have a driving experience of at least 1 year are admitted to training and passing exams for this category (category "B" is open 12 months before category "E" is obtained).

We repeat once again that a driver who has only category B in his rights can drive a car with a trailer weighing more than 750 kg, but the total weight of the road train will not be more than 3,500 kg. In this case, you do not need to receive "BE".

Trailers type "O3" and "O4": control features

The use of these types is separately regulated by law. To drive a road train, which includes such a trailer, you should have an open category "E" in the rights.

It should be borne in mind that the categories "C1E" and "D1E" assume that the total weight should not exceed 12,000 kg, and the weight of the trailer cannot be higher than the weight of an unloaded vehicle.

Obtaining a license for a light trailer: the main steps

In addition to the process of obtaining the rights to the trailer, the car driver needs to prepare Required documents that allow you to use the vehicle legally.

In this case, the following documents are considered the main ones:

Trailer license plate and corresponding certificate - issued after the vehicle is registered with the traffic police. This process should be carried out at the place of residence of the car owner. In this case, registration should be carried out within 10 days after the purchase of the trailer;
Technical inspection - the frequency of its conduct is determined depending on the age of a particular vehicle.

CTP policy for a trailer

The current rules do not provide for the receipt of a separate insurance policy for a trailer of any size. This means that if you have a trailer for a car for your personal use, then you do not need to buy a compulsory motor third party liability insurance for it. At the same time, to use trailers for trucks, buses, scooters / motorcycles, as well as trailers belonging to legal entities, you will need to issue a special insurance policy.

Summing up the above, we can say that when registering a trailer for passenger car, which belongs to an individual, it will be enough to simply contact the traffic police department (for registration). In other cases, you will need to obtain an OSAGO policy, undergo an inspection, and then register.

Inspection: is it necessary for the trailer?

Inspection in this case is regulated by a separate Federal Law.

Starting from 01.01.2012, it is not necessary to undergo technical inspection for light trailers that are owned by individuals.

If such a light trailer is owned by a legal entity, then the inspection will need to be carried out at a frequency that depends on age:

New (age from 0 to 3 years) - exempted from technical inspection;
From 3 to 7 years old - once every 2 years;
Older than 7 years - once a year.

Separately, it should be noted that trailers designed for transportation dangerous goods, must undergo a mandatory inspection once every 6 months.

The frequency of technical inspections for other trailers weighing more than 3,500 kg, which are not intended for the transportation of dangerous goods, is not stipulated in any way and is not regulated by federal law.

What is the threat of the lack of the required category in the VU?

Not all drivers are aware of what kind of driving category is needed for a trailer, and some of them, although they know, deliberately neglect such rules.

It is important to understand that such neglect exposes the life and health of other road users to a certain risk, and non-observance of the order of transportation of trailers (in accordance with tonnage) often causes an accident.

Thus, the case when a trailer without category E is used is legally equivalent to driving without a license, which can be punished with a fine in the range of 5,000-15,000 rubles. In addition, the traffic police inspector has the right to pick up the vehicle for the impoundment, for which you will have to pay a lot of money.

For drivers who have a trailer weighing less than 750 kg, we recommend that you have with you in the printed form the corresponding extract from the rules, which will help to avoid unnecessary conflicts when communicating with the traffic police.

In conclusion, it should be noted that at the time of purchasing a trailer, it is important to remember that its total mass should not be more than the towing characteristics of your machine (set by the manufacturer).

Once you understand all the nuances and rules of driving a road train, you can forever protect yourself from the need to prove your case to the traffic police inspectors. It will be enough to have the necessary documents for the vehicle (depending on the type and weight), as well as the corresponding open categories in your driver's license.