In this article we will tell about which factors adversely affect the driver's ability to control the vehicle.
The main factor that negatively affects the driver's condition is drunkenness behind the wheel; We hear about this almost with kindergarten. Moreover, the widespread error is that many believe: if we take a lot of alcohol "on the chest", nothing bad will happen.
So there is no way: numerous official studies confirm that the driver is dangerous both large and small doses of alcohol. Note: Taking 50 g of vodka increases the likelihood of a road accident at 2 - 3 times. Common opinions about sobering the action of ammonic alcohol, coffee, tea, short sleep, and the like. There are no grounds for them.
ATTENTION
The results of studies conducted using labeled isotopes showed the presence of alcohol in the cerebral cortex even 20 days after its reception. It turns out that even after the expiration of this time, alcohol can have a detrimental effect on the driver's condition. But many love to sit behind the wheel "after yesterday", with a sensitive "exhaust" from his mouth, believing that they are in " complete order"And forgetting about its reduced reaction and a significant content of alcohol residues in the body.
Why drunk driver is considered more dangerous for others than unhealthy or just overwritten? The answer is simple: In the last two cases, a person realizes that his capabilities are limited, and it tries to observe increased caution. Drunk behaves at least inconsistently, and often - also aggressively, and not able to adequately evaluate their actions.
ATTENTION
A drunk driver seems to be that the object on the road (before a pedestrian, to another car, etc.) is about 30 meters, whereas in reality it does not exceed 15 - 18 meters. He believes that he clicked on the brake instantly, and in fact - with a noticeable delay. Already after receiving 25 g of alcohol, a difficult and unreasonable desire to risk on the road appears.
In the new edition of the Code administrative offenses Russian Federation It is indicated that under the state of alcohol intoxication implies the presence of ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 0.3 grams and more per liter of blood and 0.15 milligrams and more than one liter of exhaled air (note to article 27.12).
Another negative factor is smoking at the wheel. Remember: At the time of the church, you look at the tip of the cigarette, and not on the road. But the traffic situation changes constantly, and may have enough one moment to not notice the obstacle on the road on time!
Also the driver is distracted to get matches or lighter, or shook the ashes into the ashtray. In this case, it seems to him that he instantly moves the look from one object to another, and in real body it takes about 1 second.
Remember: at a speed of 70 km / h car in one second passes about 20 meters! And since you translate not only from the road to a cigarette (ashtray, lighter, etc.), but also back, then this distance should be double.
Another problem is the conversations of drivers mobile phone During movement. No wonder in the new edition of the Codex on administrative offenses, punishment for the conversation on a mobile phone during the transportation of the vehicle without using the Hands Friend system is provided.
One of the most common causes of serious traffic accidents is the driver overwork. It should always be remembered by the unshakable rule of the driver: tired - rest! If you feel we were overworthy (especially when long trip) - Choose appropriate place, Stop and relax, at least not long.
There are three degrees of driver's fatigue. Easy degree is characterized by the yawn and the severity of the eyelids. With a moderately, there is a row in the eyes, dry mouth, some fantasy; A warm wave can pass through the body, and it seems that other cars go very slowly. With a strong extent, the fatigue will tear the head forward, the hands slide from the steering wheel, in the eyes of Ryabit, the person sweats and it seems to him that all this is not going with him.
You can remove a lightweight fatigue, waving cool water, or a little rested, or drinking strong tea. But with an average or strong fatigue, only sleep will help you.
If you plan to go on a long road - sleep before you leave for at least 7 hours, and do not take any sedatives. On the way periodically rest: stop, exit the car, disperse. If possible, do not go at night, and do not eat too much before the road - it contributes to drowsiness.
When driving a car driver accompanies quite a few negative factors, insignificant at first glance, but leading to the fact that such a favorite occupation becomes a nervous, tense and exhausting. It turns out that the point here is not at all in the increasing number of moving transport, and not in a large number of traffic jams, but all the way in the human itself! So what you need to fear the driver on the road:
1. Health itself.
The main danger on the road is the driver himself. As a rule, each driver believes that not a single driver, besides him to drive the car itself. But he also lies the danger where he is not waiting at all. For example, in a hurry somewhere, the road is not quite clear, and a truck slowly moves, and I want to go three times faster. You are going to overtake, but at the last moment something stops you, a couple of seconds passes and the wagon rushes towards ... A sufficient reason for thinking!
Minute gusts to drive on the red light, too, do not lead to anything good, in best case Stop the traffic police, and at worst, you can crash in you, wishing to catch green ones, and for this, bypassed everyone who was in front of him. Very many things in the car can distract the driver's attention: the lack of automatic windows, a conversation on a cell phone, flushing operating and so on.
The main rule for the driver is not to hurry, not to make risky maneuvers and in time to evaluate the situation, also not to break the signs, the non-compliance with which is dangerous for life and carefully look closely to the signs of speed limit signs. I want to sleep driving, you need to stop the car and relax.
2. Other drivers.
Most of the accidents occur not because of the violation of the rules of movement, and because of the misunderstanding of drivers, because in spite of nothing to fall into the accident. Most drivers when appearing emergency situation try to prevent it, the exception is the following category of drivers who need to determine on the road in time and beware:
- Substitors for which this kind of earnings.
- Pensioners who just lack the reaction to dodge.
- Inattentive, too, thoughtful drivers, are distracted and do not notice the danger.
- Women behind the wheel who believe, according to the reasons known only to them, that they are all just obliged to miss.
- Drivers large cars With the same complexes as women.
When passengers are sitting in the car and show how and where to go, then because of them there may be problems. Glass in the car from passengers often fishes, the visibility is bad, besides, you have to be removed from the naught routes, and you are imperceptibly becoming a puppet. Well, if the passenger himself is the driver and understands everything, and if not? That turn passed, you need to return, then something else.
4. Phone calls.
Agree, responding to phone calls during the movement is very difficult, not wise and hook some car, trying to steer and switch the speeds simultaneously with one hand. Tip - Get the Wireless Headset, this is no longer a luxury, but rather need.
5. Paschers.
Often it is impossible to predict that it will make a pedestrian next minute, well, when he is legitimately waiting for the transition when the green light comes on, but it is on the verge of fiction. Often, pedestrians pass the street where they do. Someone runs, fearing to be late for the tram, not noticing cars, and even with a child in their hands, the fatteral students are rushing to classes, hurrying to the entrance to the building of their institute. Granny, Babel to walk before the transition, run along the shortest path, waving the sticks, and it can be transferred infinitely.
6. Gaishnikov.
The main problem of all drivers is traffic cops. Many drivers will agree that there is some benefit from them. Sometimes they find stood in dangerous places in dangerous to overclock the places with a radar and frighten the likham, on this, perhaps the useful list of cases can be finished. The main reason for the danger of the traffic cop for the driver lies in the low salary of the first, and the work allows you to have an acquaintance and considerable, you can even trace the career growth of the security guard at the speed of changing their personal cars.
Since the work of the traffic cop is in the control of the driver's actions on the road, then according to the law, even in the case of a formal violation of the driver, a fine is waiting for the deprivation of a vehicle management. The driver understands that he is waiting for a fine, and he must pay. Since he is aware that then he will need to spend a bunch of time for the payment of the fine, and the size of the fine will be greater, then it is much easier to do it in place and the world to disperse.
We traveled, and we will ride. We all make mistakes, but, not looking at nothing to keep driving culture. And instead of anger and offense, let everything in the road accommodates only benevolence, start with yourself!
On the road, you should be as concentrated on driving - so teach us at the driving school.
Consider the most common factors distracting drivers from the road, or worsening attentiveness, the reaction, the ability to be concentrated and take adequate solutions.
Factor First: Alcohol
Eternal trouble of Russian car owners. Alcohol in any case and in any doses negatively affects the ability of the driver to control the vehicle. And there can be no reservation at the same time. Many mistakenly hope for the fortress of their body, believing that 50 grams of vodka or a glass of beer will not affect their condition. This is not true! Those who at least once participated in tests on special stands simulating the ride process, their eyes do not believe when they look at the test results!
Already after 25 grams of vodka, an unconscious desire to Pravka appears. After 50 grams of vodka, the reaction rate and other human biological indicators are significantly reduced; The likelihood of an accident at the same time increases at 2 - 3 times. After a more substantial dose, the driver becomes unable to correctly assess the distance from its car to the obstacle (for example, before a pedestrian). The driver seems to be 30 meters in front of him, in fact - only 15.
There can be no two opinions: alcohol driving is dangerous in any quantity. And even thinking should not be about the concepts of the type "Maximum allowable dose". By the way, traditional ideas about the sobering effect of some drugs - for example, coffee, tea or ammonia alcohol, do not justify themselves in practice. "In practice," it means, in the process of medical examination of the driver after the detention by his traffic police officers. The recipe here may be one: a long rest. "After yesterday's" fell, it is categorically not recommended to sit down. Is that "after the day before yesterday", and then it should be remembered that alcohol is stored in the body within a few days, which can also be determined by a medical path.
Factor 2. Smoking at the wheel
How many percent of Russia's population smokes? The same and on the road smoking drivers (among men this percentage above). Smoking behind the wheel - the phenomenon is so frequent that it does not follow it with attention, especially since it also becomes often caused by an accident.
Almost none of the smoking drivers at the time of cursing does not look at the road - the look is directed at the tip of the cigarette and light lighters. It lasts for 2-3 seconds. For an accident - more than enough, as the situation on the road is changing every moment. Already at a speed of 60 km / h in one second, the car passes 16.6 meters. Extra seconds inattention arise and due to the fact that you have to get a lighter, shake ash in an ashtray or distracted to omit the glass on the move.
Factor 3. Talk by phone
On this issue, the relevant chapter in the new edition of the "Code of Administrative Offenses" will tell more than this issue. Conversations on the mobile phone while driving without using the Hands-Free system are fraught with serious fines precisely because of their danger.
And in general, talking on the phone (even according to the rules), however, as conversations in the car with passengers, are also distracting factor. Walk the literary image to "jump up to the ceiling, having heard the stunning news" in conditions of ride embodies in a completely real traffic accident.
The same can be said about the distracting effect of music and audiobook, not to mention the car TV. Distributing, it is possible to run into trouble even in the "standing" plug.
Factor 4. Overwork
Another driver's axiom: tired, did not sleep - rest! Do not fight with the body, select a parking space, stop and shoot at least for a while. Remember the deadly tired Stirlitz, hurrying in cases. "He sleeps, but exactly twenty minutes he will wake up and go to Berlin." Do and you are just like ...
Sleepiness arises, in particular, after overeating, after taking potent sedatives. Easy fatigue, drowsiness is removed with cold wash, strong tea, coffee. Physical workout also helps on the sideline - literally several exercises. Soothing action of a soft driving chair prevents the massager. However, with an average and severe extent, the fatigue helps solely sleep.
Factor 5. Automotive baubles
It would seem that a trifle and, nevertheless ... the key rings hanging on the mirror before the driver, various kinds of decorations in the cabin can also serve as a distracting factor. Moreover, if the hanging baubles close the driver overview through windshield. Try without all this to do. For the driver in the car, everything should be devoted to ride - and only ride. By the way, it can seriously prevent a review even illiterately selected panoramic rear-view mirror.
Finally, the board of novice drivers: our first 1000 km try not to be distracted by anything, in addition, which is directly related to the management of the vehicle.
Igor Maslov, autoinstructor in Moscow, in the past - teacher of the theory at the driving school "traffic light".
Driver nerve other drivers and pedestrians? It is known that there are three stages of driver experience: 1. I interfere with everyone. 2. I interfere with everything. 3. No one bothers anyone. Up to the third stage reach units. I have already talked a hundred times about the fact that the drivers who are scared are worn around, sweeping behind the wheel on other drivers that those that are bothering them to go to the car badly. I always say and I will say that this is the first sign that you are an unimportant driver. And what is better than those who prevented him? And whether someone prevented him at all, or he himself so inevitably leads the car that he himself puts himself into uncomfortable situations? I think, the whole thing is here in the hyperbolized ego, in the imaginary overestimated importance of its own person, in an insurmountable desire to exalted his person over all others. This is a big psychological problem. In fact, the driver must fully adapt to the actions of the surrounding participants of the movement: drivers of cars, motorcycles, bicycles and simple pedestrians. The whole highlight of the secret is that the setting of rules is not important. The main thing is to correct the consequences of violations of other participants in the movement. And not think about the causes of these violations, and do not look at the faces of the violators! God forbid, from the desire to teach someone! The prefabitator may also be a pregnant woman, and another green, not referred to the newcomer, and maybe it is a disabled person on a car with manual control (This is not easy at all), or nonresident driver with difficulty oriented in someone else's city. If you can change, thus, your way of thoughts, then with surprise, find what no one bothers you on the road. Swear no longer for anyone!
What I do not like personally:
Strange television around the problem of "tuning" of people who did not understand the essence of the question.
A separate topic when you are backing up behind or overtake on the right side. It lacks the traffic police intervention on your side. Travel vehicles - a separate topic. Stream settlement at a speed of 79 km / h with a sign of 60 km / h - disgrace! The main Beach driving school is the insufficient formation of autoinstructors.
Organization of movement. On this issue, you can speak infinitely. I will not. The way everything is organized on the roads is a given. Yes, there are traps for inattentive, but driving a car always requires increased attention. And to traps and to the pits and to concrete blocks. For example, I upset the dangerous ends of the fences on the roads constructed and under construction, including motorways. It is in bewilderment of an erasure action along with the top layer of asphalt incorrectly applied markup and other blunders. Offering roadmakers to work in carefully? No, it's not for me.
So, I suggest:
1) to make a clear explanation of the requirements for "give way to the road" special transport (including ambulance). The definition today is outdated and does not prescribe drivers to free the left row while approaching special transport with flashing beacon And Sirena: "Save the road (not to create interference)" - a requirement meaning that participant road should not start, renew or continue to move, carry out any maneuver if it can force other participants in the movement with respect to it, change the direction of movement or speed.
2) Make the concept of "overtaking on the right" in the PDD and make it ahead of the right outside the settlements on the motorways. Also regard overtaking on the right side as "overtaking on the right." Penalty from 5 000 rubles and whether deprivation of rights is up to 4 to 6 months.
3) Cancel the non-excess speed of the speed limit 20 km / h in settlements, leaving it out of settlements.
4) Suggest to develop more secure measures to protect the ends of the bumps on the roads, especially on the development.
5) Allow learning rides on motorways. Enter mandatory practical work on driving in the program of driving schools on the country highway, at night and on motorways.
6) Develop a detailed and modern methodical manual for teachers and masters of production training of driving schools.
How do you know our roads constantly, which is very distracting the attention of any driver. Plus, on the roads you can meet drivers who have inadequate behavior on various reasons (someone due to lack of experience, etc.). In this situation, many drivers, because of such actions, their own safety is noticeably reduced on the road. You can no case be similar to such a mountain of motorists. Our Internet Edition has chosen ten definite ways for you to help keep your safety on the road while moving by car and make you hope more skillful and experienced drivers.
10) Feel personally yourself your car on a slippery road
How can it help and teach better driving a car: Select safe place to start to start. It can be any empty parking lot or driving training ground. After the past rain or snow, immediately go to a similar place to learn how to feel the car on slipping road. On a slippery road, you can find out the limits of your own car, as well as determine which specific situations it loses the clutch with the road.
In order to fully feel the car, it is necessary to try on a wet or icing road to do everything so that the car began to lose the clutch with the road. To do this, it is necessary, with a sharp set of speeds to rotate the wheels of the machine in different directions so that thereby reduce its clutch with road coating. Remember all this to do you should in strictly safe placewhere there are no lamppost pillars or other cars. .
9) car video games
You may think that such video games will not help you learn to better drive a car? Then answer one question why pilots of aircraft long time study on computer simulators? In fact, these video games can specifically help any driver to improve their driving skills. The point here is as follows, there are games that are practically the same virtual. It is these games that can be trained directly by the driver and attentiveness (without which it is not possible on the road), and the necessary reaction, and the visual trajectory of the car movement, and will also allow him on a subconscious level to consolidate some certain actions in its memory that will be necessary for further management Car in real life.
8) Learn to manage the machine with a manual gearbox
How can it help learn better driving a car: In recent years car park with automatic box The gear is steadily growing up. First of all, it is associated with such a factor that automatic transmissions are much more convenient and practical. But to our disappointment, such an automatic transmission does not give you the complete feeling of the entire car. Many newcomers on the road in our days, unfortunately know how to manage the car only with automatic transmission. The point here is what, you can study and now you can like car with mechanical gearboxand on the equipped automatic transmission.
In addition, you must learn from a certain practice of the so-called "situational awareness", it is very important in all aspects of our life, and even moreover, when you are driving your car. Driving a car S. mechanical box The gear allows the driver to evaluate on the road a more real situation and always be more attentive while driving. In order to be more attentive on the road, you must learn to see everything that surrounds you during.
Start first with a simple, try learning how to see during your movement. Next, during your trip you must learn not to miss any pedestrian crossing And not one path designed specifically for cyclists. Having learned without much difficulty to read all the signs and the same marking on the road, you gradually go to the next acquisition of the skills you need.
Now you need to learn how to move on the car and notice all the cars that move around you.
Including this also applies to motorcycles that you must learn not to release from the type and notice them instantly when they pass by you.
This is one of the key moments of attentiveness. In addition to the skill of automatic management, which is taught in any driving school sport driving. The point here is what can manage the machine but without having the necessary attentiveness on the road (for example, if you do not watch everyone vehicles located around you) in emergency situation Most likely you do not figure out what to do and how to do you, in which direction you need to turn. The reason is very simple - you were not aware of your surroundings on the road.
1) Ride more by car
How can it help learn better driving a car: L.come on what you can make to become a more experienced and skillful driver, it is primarily practice, practice and practice again. The more you go driving the car, the more experience you will receive. Having received a little experience in a driving school and further consolidating it independently at special sites, and perhaps even passing the courses of additional skill in car driving, you try not to give up further travel by car. Never be afraid to get driving. Keep in mind if you once again feared to go somewhere, then fear you will have even more than before, and get out of this vicious circle will be very hard.
Replacements and alternatives simply not. This is just like a game on a musical instrument or skiing. Without everyday practice, you will not be able to secure your driving experience and over time just lose it. After all, many of us are known that if the musician will play on a musical instrument only 4 times a year, then it is certainly for sure, he just join the perfection with his game skill (unless of course he is not Mozart). There is also a case with the skill of driving a car (if only you are not the second Great Senna).
So you just need to remember if you are bearing your car and recently got driver's license. Rights, then the very first thing you need to do so. Are you afraid of cars? It is fixable, train then specifically on a specially designated platform or go to the road at 4 am, when you have almost even empty roads in your location.
