Each driver who received rights after 2015 should carefully examine all the changes to some categories. It may even be so that you can no longer get driving your vehicle. The punishment for managing the machine, without having an appropriate open category in a driver's license - this is a very serious offense, so treat this most responsible.
Categories: General Characteristics
The following designations can be seen on the rights of the new sample:
Subcategory: General characteristics
These include:
- Subcategory "A1". It is needed for moving on a motorcycle, the volume of the engine of which ranges from 50 to 125 cubic centimeters. This category of transport includes a scooter.
- Subcategory "B1". The presence of such a designation in the rights allows you to move on overall roads on the tricycle and quadrician. At the same time, the mass of the vehicle should not exceed 550 kilograms. Maximum speed It should not exceed 50 kilometers per hour, and the volume of the engine is 50 cubic centimeters.
- Subcategory "C1". She will need if a need for controlling a car weighing from 3500 to 7,500 kilograms and a trailer, whose weight does not exceed 750 kilograms. At the same time, on the car, falling under the category "D", move, having this subcategory, it is impossible.
- Subcategory "C1E". Owning it can be controlled by means of movement, whose mass is from 3.5 to 7.5 tons and a trailer weighing more than 750 kilograms. At the same time, the aggregate mass should not exceed the mark of 12 tons.
- Subcategory "D1". In the presence of this subcategory, you can carry citizens on the vehicles, the capacity of which does not exceed 16 seats. In addition, a trailer weighing no more than 750 kilograms can be attached to the vehicle.
- Subcategory "D1E". Thanks to such a mark, you can move in the transportation of the category "D" with a trailer weighing no more than 750 kilograms. At the same time, the aggregate mass should not exceed 12 tons.
Age of obtaining a driver's license
The rights in our country are citizens only after the occurrence of a certain age. Many believe that the driver's license of all categories can be obtained only after the occurrence of 18 years. In fact, control some vehicles can be used before.
Residents of our country can become owners of rights depending on the onset of the following age thresholds:
- from the age of 16, you can move on settlement on vehicles that fall under the category "M" and "A1";
- from 18 years, citizens are allowed to move on machines that fall under the category "A and B";
- after the onset of 21 years, you can get the rights in the directions "D", "D1", "TM" and "TB".
Additional marks
Drivers, quite recently received a driver's license, may notice in the document 2 graphs "Special marks". They contain various restrictions on all open categories or certain vehicles.
Do you need to change the rights due to the emergence of new categories?
After the emergence of new categories, in accordance with the law, citizens are not required. Replacement driver's license Mandatory every 10 years. At the same time, the loss and further restoration of rights to this time does not affect.
Getting a certain category gives you the right to manage the appropriate vehicle, so it is better to cover several directions in a driving school if they are in the future, in your opinion, you may need.
Such a decision will allow you to save money well, since when receiving several categories, driving schools usually make discounts. In addition, you do not have to spend your time again, if desired, open another direction.
By signing the contract, carefully examine all items concerning various subtleties, in particular payment.
For example, driving schools often convince that the cost of gasoline is included in the training fee, and then it turns out that the documents are written in the documents and, referring to the relevant item of the contract, you will take an additional fee.
Many drivers who add to the BBC authorities with a statement about replacing the old plastic on the driver's license of the new sample introduced since 2017, drew attention to a number external changes in new "rights". Changes in existing standards regulating the form of the Russian driver's license were caused by the desire to bring a national sample in accordance with the requirements of the Vienna Convention "On road traffic"On November 8, 1968
Now, according to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1097 "On admission to the management of vehicles" (together with the "Rules for conducting examinations for the right to manage vehicles and issuing driver's licenses") of 24.10.2014 in new driver's license there are subcategories of vehicles that were not previously We used, and more precisely combined with larger categories.
The driver's license of the new sample - changes and differences
If we take into account the fact that new Russian driver's licenses began to look different, many drivers have a question about changing the document. But it is not necessary to worry about - to change the old rights to new will not need. The rules say that the replacement for documents of the new sample is subject to lost documents (theft, loss) or invalid legal force. As before, the driver's license of the new sample will really have for ten years. If the car owner can confirm the fact that he studied in a driving school and passed all the stages of examinations, then when issuing new rights to rent additional exams.
Categories and subcategories in a new driver's license
If you are sitting driving a moped, then you should get a driver's license of a new sample, where the corresponding mark will stand - new types of categories and subcategories of vehicles are announced in the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation No. 6 dated January 9, 2014. The law establishes that the moped refers to the TC category "M". If you turn the driver's license, then the grid contains such new categories: TB - trolleybuses, and TM trams.
Photo: Maxim Paros / RIA Novosti www.ria.ru - A - motorcycles;
- A1 - Light motorcycles with engine working volume from 50 to 125 cubic meters. mass media maximum power up to 11 kW;
- In - cars permitted maximum mass which does not exceed 3.5 tons and the number of seats, in addition to the driver's seat, does not exceed eight;
- B1 - tricycles and quad bikes, in the column 12 at the same time there is an additional mark "AS" (with automotive system control) - if the category "A" and "MS" is not open (with a motorcycle control system) - if the category "B" is not open;
- Ve - cars of category B with a trailer, permitted maximum mass of which exceeds 750 kilograms;
- C - cars, permitted maximum mass of which more than 3.5 tons, including with a trailer up to 750 kg;
- C1 - includes cars with a permitted maximum mass of from 3.5 to 7.5 tons;
- CE - Categories C categories with a trailer, allowed maximum mass of which exceeds 750 kilograms;
- C1e - CE cars, permitted maximum mass of which exceeds 3.5 tons, does not exceed 7.5 tons;
- D - Cars intended for the transport of passengers and having more than eight seating places, in addition to the driver's seat, including a trailer up to 750 kg;
- D1 - Cars equipped with 9-16 seats in addition to the driver;
- DE is a category D car, adhesioned with a trailer, permitted maximum mass of which exceeds 750 kg, but does not exceed 3.5 tons;
- D1E - Categories DE, permitted maximum mass of which exceeds 3.5 ton, but does not exceed 7.5 tons;
- M - mopeds, scooters, as well as light quadrices with an engine working volume up to 50 cubic meters. cm;
- TM - trams;
- TB - trolleybuses.
Additional marks in the driver's license of the new sample
The driver's license of the new sample (on the revolving side of the ID, at the very bottom) now contains the "AT" mark, it means that the driver has the right to control only the vehicle in which the automatic transmission is worth. And if he decided to transfer the car's wheel, where the manual KP is standing, then he needs to pass additional exams in the traffic police. In connection with the changes entered, in driving school, the procedure for training drivers has become different. If earlier the driver had to know in theory and in practice, how the speed of the mechanical box is switchal, now it is already optional.
Today, many car owners acquire cars exclusively with automatic box Gears, so for them there is training on vehicles with a machine gun, as in the driver's license of the new sample will be the corresponding mark "AT". The "AT" mark also refers to the restrictions for the driver, and the one who has a given category in rights, has no right to drive cars with manual mechanical box Transmissions.
Another limitation is a specifically arranged vehicle designed for drivers with physical disabilities, as a result of which they are not able to drive an ordinary car.
For example, the driver has a disability (there is no one or both legs), then it can be obliged to led a car that is equipped with a complete system manual control Car without pedals.
Although the corresponding changes have already been made at the legislative level, their implementation in practice occurs gradually. This is due to the fact that to specify the scheme of passing the preparation of drivers in the framework of transportation of new categories, the adoption of clarifying and explanatory documents is required. Driving schools will have to upgrade with new legislative requirements.
(23
Votes, Average: 4,96
Out of 5)
The concept of " driver's category»The vehicles are denoted by drivening the shovel. Each car refers to a specific category. Driver with prescribed category B ( passenger cars) There can not drive a bus, ranging to category D. We will understand which categories of driver's rights exist in 2016.
- A - motorcycles (A1 - lightweight motorcycles).
- In - "Light" machines (B1 - tricycles, vehicles - lightweight cars with an attached trailer).
- C - Trucks (C1 - Light Trucks, CE - "Heavyweights" with a trailer, C1E - low-hand trucks with a "wagon").
- D - bus vehicles (D1 - small buses, DE - bus With the "cart", D1E - mini-buses with a trailer).
- M - mopeds.
- TM - trams.
- TB - trolleybuses.
The driver is allowed to manage exclusively by the transport, which is designated in his documents the necessary category. Otherwise, a penalty penalty is facing 5-15 thousand rubles for the lack of the desired category.
Categories A: Since how many years and how to get
A driver's document with this mark gives the right to control any motorcycle even with a carriage. Also permits to sit behind the wheel of such a rare type of transport in a modern car stream, like motorcycle.
By definition of traffic rules, a motorcycle is two-wheeled transport that may have or not "cradle" on the side. The rights of category and are also issued by the drivers of three-wheeled and four-wheeled motorcycles weighing no more than 400 kg (in the oven).
- Subcategory A1.TO this kind These are motorcycles with certain parameters - the engine voltage (up to 125 cm³) and power (up to 11 kW). Chauffeur with category A, automatically gets the right to drive a motorcycle subcategory A1.
Rights of category B: Auto, Quadro- and tricycles
Vehicles are assigned to it with the following characteristics:
- mass of transport - up to 3.5 tons;
- the number of places for passengers - up to 8 (the driver's seat is not considered);
- auto with a trailer, the permitted mass of which is up to 750 kg (and does not exceed the mass of the machine itself without the cargo), and the total permitted mass of the whole "design" is not higher than 3.5 tons.
Specified requirements besides passenger cars Also answer some buses, small trucks, jeeps and motocoles.
Subcategory B1.
These rights are intended for persons who want to "drive" on tricycles and quadricycles. "Quadricycle" do not need to be confused with the "quadrocycle". Therefore, the driver's documents are needed by others.
Quadricycle is a motorcycle with 4 wheels and possessing the following constructive features:
- developing minimum speed up to 25 km / h;
- sAMI high power Engine - 15 kW;
- mass with folds - up to 400 kg (for models intended for the transportation of the bag - up to 500 kg).
Tricycle - vehicle on three wheels (trains, auto, bicycles).
Subcategory
If the car has a heavy trailer, then the driver's subcategory will be required. It refers to the machine with the following parameters:
- auto with a heavy "wagon", the mass of which is lighter than 750 kg and exceeds the mass of the machine itself without load;
- auto with a trailer, the mass of which is less than 750 kg, and the permissive total mass of the entire design is more than 3.5 tons.
Take a driving of a car with a heavy "trailer" from 18 years. The process of 1.5 months lasts.
Category C: Trucks of all kinds
These are trucks of different gravity (excluding means of category D). These include:
- auto with a permitted mass exceeding a border of 3.5 tons;
- trucks with an attached design, the allowed mass of which is lighter than 750 kg.
Sea subcategory
If the truck trailer is heavy 750 kg, then the rights of the CE subcategories will be needed. They allow driving a vehicle with a "cart" heavier than the specified mark.
Subcategory C1.
This caste includes trucks in the range by weight of 3.5-7.5 tons, plus funds with a trailer (C1) are not heavier than 750 kg.
Subcategory C1E.
It permits to manage the C1 category truck, but with a sweaty "trailer" (more than 750 kg). In this case, the total mass of such a "steam room" should not go over the mark of 12 tons.
If there are law rights, they are allowed to sit behind the wheel of the C1E.
Category D: Buses
This car, structurally intended for transporting people with the following parameters:
- buses with more "human" 8 seats (excluding a driver's seat);
- buses with the same seats and a trailer, which is easier than 750 kg.
- The document permits the management of buses regardless of its mass. You can get them after 7 months of study already at 21.
Subcategory DE.
If the bus has a heavier trailer, you will have to get a category DE. Again, we are talking about the allowing mass of over 750 kg.
Subcategory D1.
These are miniatures with seating places in an amount of 9 to 16 (including the driver's seat), as well as the means D1 with a trailer easier than 750 kg.
Subcategory D1E.
If the means D1 have a heavy "wagon" (more than 750 kg), which is not suitable for transportation of travelers, then the category D1E will be needed. At the same time, the general pervolored mass of such a bus with the "trailer" - up to 12 tons.
Category M.
It includes various mopeds and quadricycles (not heavy). This category was introduced only in 2013. Her cunning is that persons and having a category M can be controlled by these agents, but possessing other rights.
You can already receive per 16 years.
Category TM and TB
Previously, trolley buses and trams were not a separate Castow. They were indicated by special marks in the document. Now they have identified individual categories.
Learn to the driver of such public transport You can half a year if it turned out 21.
How to get driver's license in 2016
To obtain the rights of any category in our country, only after the training course in the driving school and the successful examination of the examination part. The algorithm is:
- Submit documents for driving courses.
- Commission, observing the internal rules of the educational institution.
- Pass the exam, separated theoretical part and practice. To prove its driver's consistency will have to examiner from the traffic police in the conditions of a training landfill and on the streets of the city.
- If the exam tests are overcome successfully, you need to pay the state duty and take a picture of the rights to the traffic police.
- The resulting driver's document is valid 10 years.
Outcome
Before signing up for training a specific category, you should decide which one you need and immediately choose the appropriate option, guided by your plans for the future (will you have a big family car or trailer). It will save money, time and nervous cells.
There are 5 main categories: a - motorcycles, b - cars, C - trucks, D - buses, m - mopeds, 4 subcategories: A1, B1, C1, D1, and special categories for managing cars BE, CE, DE, C1E, D1E.
Category A.
Driving license of this type allows you to control a motorcycle with a side trailer or without it. The total cutting mass of the vehicle should not exceed 400 kg. In this case, the motorcycle may have a two-wheeled, three-wheeled or four-wheeled execution.
Category B.
Cars (with the exception of the vehicles of the category "A"), the allowed maximum mass of which does not exceed 3,500 kilograms and the number of sedentary places of which, in addition to the driver's seat, does not exceed eight; Cars of category "B", linked with a trailer, the allowed maximum mass of which does not exceed 750 kilograms; Cars of category "B", adhered to the trailer, allowed maximum mass of which exceeds 750 kilograms, but does not exceed the mass of the car without load, provided that the total permitted maximum mass of such a composition of vehicles does not exceed 3,500 kilograms.
The driver's license of the category in allows you to control passenger cars, as well as small trucks, minibuses and jeeps that comply with the above requirements. Also, the category B allows you to control motocoles and cars with a trailer (permitted maximum mass of which is not more than 750 kg).
If the permitted maximum mass of the trailer exceeds 750 kilograms, then additional requirements are presented to the composition of the vehicles:
1. The allowed maximum mass of the trailer should not exceed the mass of the car without load.
2. The total allowable maximum mass of the car and the trailer should not exceed 3.5 tons.
Category "Be"
Cars of category "B", linked with a trailer, the allowed maximum mass of which exceeds 750 kilograms and exceeds the mass of the car without load; Cars of category "B", lifted with a trailer, allowed maximum mass of which exceeds 750 kilograms, provided that the total permitted maximum mass of such a composition of vehicles exceeds 3,500 kilograms.
Category C.
Cars, with the exception of cars category "D", allowed maximum mass of which exceeds 3,500 kilograms; Cars of category "C", linked with a trailer, allowed maximum mass of which does not exceed 750 kilograms.
Subcategory "C1"
Cars, with the exception of cars category "D", the allowed maximum mass of which exceeds 3,500 kilograms, but does not exceed 7,500 kilograms; Cars subcategories "C1", linked with a trailer, allowed maximum mass of which does not exceed 750 kilograms.
Drivers who have the main category C can manage the C1 subcategories and vehicles.
Subcategory "C1E"
The cars of the subcategory "C1", linked to the trailer, the allowed maximum mass of which exceeds 750 kilograms, but does not exceed the mass of the car without load, provided that the total permitted maximum mass of such a composition of vehicles does not exceed 12,000 kilograms.
Drivers having the older category CE can control C1E category vehicles.
Category "D"
Cars intended for the transport of passengers and having more than eight seats, in addition to the driver's seat; Cars of category "D", linked to the trailer, the allowed maximum mass of which does not exceed 750 kilograms.
The driver's license of category D allows you to control buses of various sizes, regardless of their allowed maximum mass, as well as buses with a trailer, the allowed maximum mass of which does not exceed 750 kg. For heavier trailers, a DE driver's license is also required.
Subcategory "D1"
Cars intended for the transport of passengers and having more than eight, but no more than sixteen seats, in addition to the driver's seat; Cars subcategories "D1", linked with a trailer, allowed maximum mass of which does not exceed 750 kilograms.
Subcategory "D1E"
The cars of the subcategory "D1", linked with a trailer, which is not intended to transport passengers, the allowed maximum mass of which exceeds 750 kilograms, but does not exceed the mass of the car without load, provided that the total permitted maximum mass of such a composition of vehicles does not exceed 12,000 kilograms .
Please note that the trailer, firstly, should not be designed to transport passengers, and secondly, the total allowable maximum mass of the bus and the trailer should not exceed 12 tons.
I note that drivers having a category D can control the D1 category buses, and drivers having a category D1E can control buses with a D1E category trailer.
Category "M"
The new category M, introduced on November 5, 2013, allows you to control mopes and light quadricycles.
Drivers who do not have Category M can also control the vehicles of category M, but there is any other category of driver's license.
notethat the tractor driver certificate does not allow you to manage mopeds.
Category "TM" - trams; Category "TB" - trolleybuses;
Since 2015, special categories of driver's license have been required to control trams and trolleybuses. Previously, trolleybuses and trams did not stand out in certain categories of rights.
In 2015, a decree on new categories of driver's licenses came into force. In practice, every car owner must pass the retraining to be legal effect. Consider the most significant changes.
Description of categories of driver's license from 2015
An important point is the emergence of a new discipline - psychological tests. They are already included in the standard program of retraining motorists. With their passage, the accuracy of the eyereer, the driver's response, his psychomotorique will be measured.
In order to deal with the current categories, let's analyze each of them:
- M - mopeds. Certificate can be obtained from 16 years;
- A - motorcycles. The ability to manage this type of vehicle appears only from 16 years.
- Subcategory A1 (maximum volume power aggregate 125 cm³, power of about 15 hp). Rights are issued from 16 years;
- B - passenger cars. Their mass should not exceed 3.5 tons, the number of passengers is not more than 8, the weight of the trailer is up to 750 kg. Obtaining rights is possible from 18 years;
- Subcategory ve. Carsin which the mass of the trailer may exceed 750 kg;
- WITH - trucks. Their weight is more than 3.5 tons. With a trailer weighing up to 750 kg;
- CE subcategory. Trucks categories "C", but with a trailer more than 750 kg;
- Subcategory C1. Trucks with weight from 3.5 to 7.5 tons and a trailer no more than 750 kg;
- Subcategory C1E. It includes road trains, whose weight does not exceed 12 tons;
- D - buses. For them, the number passenger seats must be more than 8;
- Subcategory DE. For articulated buses;
- Subcategory D. Bus transportation with the number of places for passengers from 8 to 16;
- Subcategory D1E. Buses whose total number of passenger seats exceeds 8, the mass of the trailer can be more than 750 kg, but the total weight of the composition should not exceed 12 tons;
- TM - trams;
- TB - trolleybuses.
