In its September (No. 9) issue, Za Rulem magazine traditionally reviewed and published tests of winter tires for the upcoming snowy and frosty season. The leaders in the studded tire rating are positioned exactly as in. Comes first again Nokian Hakkapeliitta, only not "seven", but "eight", in second place Continental ContiIceContact, closes the top three of the best tires Michelin X-Ice North 2.
We will not list here all the parameters, intermediate estimates, measurement results and points, anyone interested can buy a magazine and read it.
Stud tires 175/65 / R14
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A place |
Make and model |
Country of Origin |
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Finland |
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Continental ContiIceContact |
Germany |
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Michelin X-Ice North 2 |
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Gislaved NordFrost 100 |
Germany |
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Out of offset * |
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Cordiant Polar 2 |
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* tires from an experimental batch, they are not on sale yet, so their price is unknown.
Non-studded tires 175/65 / R14
| A place |
Make and model |
Average price in online stores |
Country of Origin |
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Nokian Hakkapeliitta R2 |
Finland |
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Michelin x-ice 3 |
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Continental CVC 5 |
Germany |
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Bridgestone Bizzak Revo GZ |
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Pirelli Winter IceControl |
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Cordiant Winter Drive |
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Yokohama iceGUARD IG50 |
A few words about Finnish tires, which have received the highest marks. Za Rulem experts recognized the best studded tires in 13 out of 16. Friction non-studded tires Nokian Hakkapeliitta R2 also lead in most indicators - they scored 952 points out of 1000 possible, ahead of the closest pursuer by 44 points.
The main innovations in the tire concerned the concept of the Nokian Eco Stud 8. The number of anti-skid studs has been increased by almost 48-50% (depending on the size), the studs are placed over the entire tread area, no stud overlaps another (pictured). At the same time, the cleats themselves are lighter, the new shape of the cleat flange reduces cleat deflection and maximizes grip. Rubber compound friction car tires The Nokian Hakkapeliitta R2 and Nokian Hakkapeliitta R2 SUVs are distinguished by a special composition with multi-faceted particles, shaped like crystals, which act as micropips.
About the best summer tires oh for the 2014 season read.
"Michelin"- a French company, one of the world leaders in the production of car tires... It has about 70 enterprises around the world, as well as 5 research technology centers (in France, the USA and Japan) and 5 test sites (in France, the USA and Spain).
In addition to the main brand of the same name, the Michelin group of companies owns other well-known brands such as Kleber, Goodrich, Wolber, Riken, Tyremaster, Uniroyal, Taurus and others.
Site: www.michelin.ru
Michelin also has its own tire manufacturing plant in Russia. It is located in the village of Davydovo, Orekhovo-Zuevsky District, Moscow Region. The production capacity there is not the largest - about 2 million tires a year, but it is there that the only tire studding workshop in the company is located, in which all the tires produced by Michelin in Europe are studded.
In Russia, Michelin tires are sold either of our own production, or produced at the European factories of the company in Italy and Hungary.
"Michelin X-Ice North 3" Is a new winter studded tire that has incorporated a wide variety of innovative technologies developed by Michelin. Most of them are combined into one complex called the Smart Stud System and includes:
- Thermoactive rubber compound, which is used as the inner tread layer and which is able to change its elasticity depending on the temperature the environment: at high temperatures, it becomes soft and the studs seem to be pressed into the tread, significantly improving grip on asphalt; at low temperatures, it becomes stiff, making the very fixation of the studs more rigid and thereby increasing grip on icy surfaces.
- Ice Powder Remover technology designed to remove ice crumbs and is a system of 6 wells that absorb this ice crumb around each spike.
- The design of the spike itself, which looks like a cylinder with a tapered tip, which is installed on a wide base, which ensures reliable fixation of the spike.
The tread pattern of the Michelin X-Ice North 3 has an increased number of grip edges for improved grip on snowy roads. The angle of the drainage channels was also changed, which increased resistance to aquaplaning and slashplenning. These tires use the new Flex-Ice 3 rubber compound, which contains proportionally natural and synthetic rubber, thus achieving improved grip on wet road... In addition, it contains silicon additives that contribute to wear resistance.
To strengthen the tire carcass, the IronFlex technology was used, which consists in the use of an additional layer of steel filaments and provides additional impact resistance.
Verzhinsky Alexander Anatolievich 394
And then winter suddenly crept up again. Many car owners are thinking again what tires they should install for this season. Where is the line between optimal driving performance and adequate, reasonable price... Let's talk about everything in order.
Naturally, not only car owners, but also rubber manufacturers thought about the coming winter. A huge number of new products will appear on store shelves. In order to make it easier for you to decide which one to choose, this review was written. In order for the opinion to be objective, this article is based on the tests of experts from the well-known magazine "Za Rulem".
Let's start with Finnish tires:
This rubber, as we all know, is famous for its quality and excellent behavior on winter roads.
Nokian Hakkapeliitta 8 tops the rating for studded tires. If we turn to the tests of the magazine "Za Rulem", we will see that this tire is confidently leading in 13 out of 16 tests. How do they differ from previous generation? First, the number of spikes has been increased. There are almost 50% more of them. Secondly, their location on the bus itself has changed. Now they do not overlap, which ensures more better grip with the road. Finally, the shape of the cleats has been redesigned to prevent excessive deflection and to extend the service life. Thanks to all these changes, the tire's grip properties have been improved, both on ice surfaces and on snowy roads.
 |
Tire shop | 3 840 RUB | |
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kolesa-darom | 4 860 RUB | |
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Tire shop | 2 690 RUB |
The Nokian Hakkapeliitta R2 is another novelty that holds the first place among studless tires. The whole secret of the remarkable performance properties of this tire is in its composition. They are made from a rubber compound with the addition of crystalline multifaceted particles. Thanks to this composition, the quality of the grip properties of this tire does not decrease as a result of the wear of the tread. The advantages of this rubber can also be attributed to high acoustic comfort and reduced fuel consumption, in comparison with its "toothy" counterparts. Naturally, there are also disadvantages, for example, this tire shows slightly weaker results when braking on asphalt.
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Tires-Wheels | 9 943 RUB | |
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kolesa-darom | 5 980 RUB |
Japanese tires:
Bridgestone Blizzak Spike-01. A prominent representative of Japanese winter tires. This tire was created using high tech... It is worth noting the innovative shape of the spikes. They were made cruciform, which made it possible to increase the threshold for overloads acting on the spikes. Also, the unique shape of the spikes helps to clean the slats from snow and ice dust. On the plus side, I would like to note the new tread pattern with cross and shoulder grooves, which adds off-road properties to the tire.
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Black tires | 5 750 RUB | |
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master-shina.ru | 6 500 RUB | |
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S-Shina | 5,030 RUB |
The Bridgestone Blizzak VRX is also one of the leading non-studded Japanese winter tires. An improved Multi-Cell Compound rubber compound was used to create these tires. The protector was completely developed using the latest software... This rubber was designed mainly to combat snowy surfaces. It combines two completely different tread patterns. The first is swept for uniform traction. The second is the cross grooves, which provide a stable and firm grip on the snow-covered surface. Both patterns are implemented asymmetrically on the tire to effectively improve off-road properties.
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Black tires | 11 450 RUB | |
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kolesa-darom | 9 240 RUB | |
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Tires-Wheels | 11 795 RUB |
French tires:
The Michelin X-Ice North 3 is one of the few tires designed specifically for cold temperatures and snowy ice surfaces. A special feature of this rubber is the new shape of the studs. It is she who provides excellent grip of the car with the road, both on snow and on rolled ice. This type rubber excellently resists skidding without negatively affecting handling. This tire combines the innovative smart spike design with a new thermosetting rubber compound. The result is a 10% shorter braking distance and stronger stud retention. Also, the tire has a reinforced sidewall, which provides an increased level of safety and wear resistance.
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kolesa-darom | 5 590 RUB | |
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kolesa-darom | 3 720 RUB | |
 |
Italian tires:
New for the 2013-2014 season is the Pirelli Ice Zero. In the production of its product, Pirelli has applied a new rubber studding technology. All cleats are now supported by a double reinforced tungsten carbide core. Their base became wider, which had a positive effect on load distribution. In addition, the spike itself has acquired a bi-directional shape, which allows for more successful contact with both ice cover and snow.
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New tires Pirelli Formula Ice has been specially designed for excellent grip on ice and superior braking on snowy surfaces. The studs used in this tire differ from the usual ones in that they have a hexagonal high-strength core and are made of aluminum. Thanks to this, they can easily cope with overloads. Also, the difference from other winter tires is the more frequent arrangement of studs, which has a positive effect on the braking distance, acceleration dynamics and tire stability on any surfaces. If we add to all this a new tread pattern, which contributes to the effective removal of water and snow from the contact patch, then we get almost perfect winter tires.
Conclusions:
And, finally, we present the test results of the automobile magazine "Za Rulem". Many tests were carried out, on the basis of which the tires received rating points. V end result points were added up and best tire... For convenience, the results are divided into two main groups - the first is studded winter tires, the second is non-studded.
Group # 1:
1. Nokian Hakkapeliitta 8
2. Continental ContiIceContact
3. Michelin X-Ice North 2
4. Gislaved NordFrost 100
6. Kama Euro 519
7. Cordiant Polar 2
8. Amtel Nordmaster ST
Group # 2:
1. Nokian Hakkapeliitta R2
2. Michelin X-Ice 3
3. Continental CVC 5
5. Bridgestone Bizzak Revo GZ
6. Pirelli Winter IceControl
7. Cordiant Winter Drive
8. Yokohama iceGUARD IG50
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List of the best tires
Michelin X-Ice XI 3 named Best Tire of the Season- winter
non-studded with directional tread pattern. During the test, she typed
the highest number of points is 62 out of 100 possible. During trials
used tires of dimension 215 / 60R16 with speed index H (up to 210
km / h). Michelin X-Ice XI 3 demonstrated excellent traction in the snow and
short braking distances on ice. In addition, she has an extremely low
rolling resistance, which allows the driver to save fuel. Among
disadvantages X-Ice XI 3 - relatively long braking distance on dry and
wet road. For indicators such as handling and resistance
aquaplaning, these winter non-studded tires have demonstrated quite
acceptable result. ConsumerReports experts left this review about
Michelin X-Ice Xi-3: These tires are a great choice for those above
appreciates stable grip on the winter road. Michelin X-Ice XI 3
Received a 'Recommended' rating from Consumer Reports.
Michelin X-Ice Xi-2 came in second, winter
studless tire with a tread designed for 65,000 kilometers
mileage - rare wear resistance for winter tires of this class. How
and more new model the same manufacturer, model X-Ice Xi-3, she
scored the highest number of points according to the test results - 62. For
the test used tires with a speed index T (up to 190 km / h). Michelin
The X-Ice Xi-2 showed the best performance on the winter road. Her
strengths - excellent traction on snow and effective braking on
ice. Besides, X-Ice tires Xi-2 boasts low noise
and low rolling resistance as well as good for winter tires
manageability. The weak points of these Michelin winter tires are long
braking distance on dry and wet roads. Protection level against
aquaplaning, although not too high, is still sufficient for
safe driving in winter time... ConsumerReports experts left
such a review about the X-Ice Xi-2: for those who appreciate reliable grip on the winter
road, definitely worth buying these winter Michelin tires... Michelin
X-Ice XI 2 received a 'Recommended' rating from Consumer Reports magazine.
In third place was Hankook i * cept evo- winter model.
For the test, tires with a speed index H (up to 210 km / h) were taken.
Neshipovka Hankook i * cept evo scored 60 points according to the test results - on
2 fewer than the review leaders. Hankook i * cept evo showcased
good behavior under almost all conditions. Strongest sides
of these studless tires - very good traction on the snow, very low
noise level, comfort and good protection from aquaplaning. Good ones
results have been demonstrated in disciplines such as
braking on an icy and dry track, handling. The only thing
the weak point of the Hankook i * cept evo is wet braking, however
length braking distance proved to be sufficient for safe driving.
ConsumerReports review Hankook i * cept positively
evo. These studless tires are worth buying for drivers looking for
good grip and reliable handling in any weather, on any
road. Hankook i * cept evo scored by Consumer Reports
"Recommended".
In fourth place is the Pirelli Winter 210 Sottozero II,
non-studded model. For testing, tires were taken with
speed index H (up to 210 km / h). These studless tires by Pirelli
the test results scored 58 points. The advantages of the Pirelli Winter 210
Sottozero II - perfect aquaplaning protection, very good
traction on snow, high comfort and very low level noise.
In addition, the Winter 210 Sottozero II showed good
handling, effective braking on dry and wet roads, low
rolling resistance. The only weak point of this model was
relatively long stopping distance on ice. ConsumerReports Experts
have left positive feedback about the Pirelli Winter 210 Sottozero II: it is
balanced model, ideal for use in areas where
ice is rare. Pirelli Winter 210 Sottozero II received from
Consumer Reports magazine rated "Recommended."
The following tire brands have also proven themselves well:
Uniroyal Tiger Paw Ice & Snow II
- winter studless tires. For the test, tires with an index were taken
speed S (up to 180 km / h). These winter tires are tested according to the test results.
Uniroyal scored 58 out of 100 points. Talking about the strengths of Uniroyal
Tiger Paw Ice & Snow II, Worth Noting First
fantastically high traction on snow, reliable grip and very
effective braking on ice; and low rolling resistance.
The level of protection against aquaplaning is quite high. Weaknesses of these
Uniroyal winter tires - mediocre wet and dry braking
road, poor handling, high noise level. What a review about
Uniroyal Tiger Paw Ice & Snow II left by experts from Consumer magazine
reports? They believe that it is good model which you can
recommend for use in the cold season. Uniroyal tiger paw
Ice & Snow II is rated by Consumer Reports
"Recommended".
The specialists of the magazine have a good opinion about Bridgestone Blizzak WS70
- studless tires designed for cold weather
of the year. According to the results of tests carried out by the experts of the publication, this
the winter tire model Bridgestone scored 58 points out of 62.
test used tires of one of the most popular for passenger cars
cars of standard sizes - 215 / 60R16 with speed index T (up to 190
km / h). On the Bridgestone track, Blizzak BC70 demonstrated flawless
traction on snow, effective braking on ice and a high level
comfort. The experts praised the good level of aquaplaning protection,
very low noise level and low rolling resistance, allowing
car spend less fuel while driving. A little pumped up
braking on a dry road. Weak spots this model has a long brake
path on wet roads and rather slow transmission of steering effort,
deteriorating controllability. According to the test results, the specialists of the journal
ConsumerReports provided the following feedback on the Bridgestone Blizzak WS70:
these tires are worth buying for those drivers who live in cold regions with
severe snowy and frosty winters. Bridgestone Blizzak WS70 received
Rated "Recommended" by Consumer Reports magazine.
Studded Nokian Hakkapeliitta R with speed index R (up to
170 km / h) scored 58 points. Nokian Hakka R tires tested
demonstrated impeccable traction in the snow, and also pleased
experts with very low noise and equally low resistance
rolling. The undoubted advantages of this model should also include
short braking distances on ice, high aquaplaning threshold, good
handling and a high level of comfort. Braking distance dry
the road turned out to be too long, however, within the acceptable range. Achillesova
the heel of the Nokian Hakkapeliitta R, like many other models of winter tires, -
braking distance too long on dry road. Consumer Reports
left this review about the Nokian Hakkapeliitta R: it is a good choice for
drivers in northern regions with severe snowy winters.
Goodyear UltraGrip Ice WRT
with a speed index T (up to 190 km / h) scored according to the test results
58 points out of 100. UltraGrip Ice WRT demonstrated impressive
traction on snow, short braking distances on ice, high level of protection
from aquaplaning and reduced rolling resistance. Moreover, this
the non-studded model was distinguished by a high level of comfort. but
Goodyear engineers should definitely work on improving
controllability, reduced noise levels and shorter braking distances by
dry road. According to the test results, Consumer Report specialists
left this review about the Goodyear UltraGrip Ice WRT: this model does not have
palpable weaknesses. Thanks to its excellent grip on snow, it is good
suitable for regions with moderately cold or harsh climates.
Unsticked BFGoodrich Winter Slalom KSI
with a speed index T (up to 190 km / h) demonstrated outstanding traction
on snow, very high comfort level, low noise level, very
good aquaplaning protection and low rolling resistance. except
In addition, the Winter Slalom KSI showed a short braking distance in the snow,
and the braking distance on dry and wet roads and handling, although
leave much to be desired, but still do not go beyond the acceptable limits for
winter tire performance. Testing BFGoodrich Winter Slalom KSI
earned 56 points - 7 points less than the test leader, but 10
more points than the outsider.
Continental ExtremeWinterContact
- winter studless tires. For testing, a kit was taken with
speed index T (up to 190 km / h). Continental ExtremeWinterContact tires
with an asymmetric tread pattern demonstrated very good
traction on snow, effective braking on ice and low noise levels.
In addition, this model has good handling, effective braking.
on dry roads and high efficiency. Pretty mediocre
proved to be the braking distance on a wet road and the level of protection against
aquaplaning. During testing, this model scored 56 points.
The next were General Altimax Arctic
with a speed index Q (up to 160 km / h), earned 56 points. During
these spike tires have demonstrated flawless traction on
snow, very high level of comfort, sufficiently effective braking
on ice, relatively low noise level and good protection against
aquaplaning. The most weak side this model turned out to be long
braking distance on a dry road, its qualities turned out to be a little better,
like wet braking, handling and rolling resistance.
What is the opinion of the magazine's experts on the General Altimax Arctic? They
believe that this model of winter studded tires is worth buying for drivers,
operating a car in harsh winter conditions.
Studded tires Hankook Winter i * Pike
scored 54 points during the tests. For the test, tires with an index were taken
speed T (up to 190 km / h). The magazine's experts were impressed by the impeccable traction
on snow, very good aquaplaning protection and a high level
comfort. These studded tires have shown short stopping distances
on ice and low rolling resistance to save fuel.
At the same time, the Winter i * Pike turned out to be weak in handling and
high noise level. The most weak side this model is long
braking distance on dry and wet roads. In general, experts with
ConsumerReports reviewed the Hankook Winter i * Pike as follows: this
the model will demonstrate its best qualities in the harsh and
frosty northern winters.
Non-studded tires Falken Espia EPZ with
speed index Q (up to 160 km / h) demonstrated outstanding traction
properties on snow, very high comfort level, low resistance
rolling and short braking distances on an icy road. At the same time,
Espia EPZ turned out to be a high noise level, a long braking distance for
dry road and rather weak aquaplaning protection. Weaknesses of this
models - sluggish handling and long braking distances on wet roads. V
during the test, the Falken Espia EPZ scored 54 points.
Another tested steel model Graspic DS-3,
Dunlop studless winter tires. For the test, a kit with an index was taken
speed Q (up to 160 km / h). In the test, this model scored 54 points out of
100, while the best tires in the review scored 62 points and the worst
only 46. The strengths of the Dunlop Graspic DS-3 were very
good traction on snow, short braking distances on ice and low
rolling resistance, which allows the car to spend less
fuel while driving. The experts found Dunlop Graspic DC-3 very
comfortable model and found out that it has an extremely low noise level. Not
the strongest points of this model were sluggish handling and
mediocre aquaplaning protection. In addition, she has quite
long braking distances on dry and wet roads. Experts left
such a review of the Dunlop Graspic DS-3: these winter studless tires are good
for use in frosty northern winters.
The next was iceGuard iG20
- winter studless tire of the Yokohama company. This model scored 50
points, 12 points behind the testing leader. For the test was taken
set with speed index R (up to 170 km / h). The magazine's experts praised
very good traction on the snow and a high level of comfort. For such
indicators such as braking distance on ice and tire rolling resistance
also did not raise any complaints. As for the noise level and threshold
aquaplaning, here iceGuard iG20 was able to demonstrate only
mediocre result. The weak points of this model are the braking distance on
dry and wet, sluggish handling. In general, experts with
ConsumerReports reviewed the Yokohama iceGuard iG20 as follows: This
Firestone winterforce
scored 46 points, 16 less than the leader of the review. For the test were
Tires with a speed index S (up to 180 km / h) were taken. These winter studded
tires impressed the experts with impeccable aquaplaning protection, very
good traction on snow, high comfort level and rather low
rolling resistance, allowing the driver to use less fuel.
However, at the same time, Winterforce did not show too much
effective braking on ice, dry and wet roads, mediocre
handling and slightly increased noise levels. In general, experts with
ConsumerReports reviewed Firestone Winterforce as follows: This
good model for changeable, not too harsh winters.
Winter is approaching, and in this regard I would like help drivers to choose the most correct winter tires... Many not very knowledgeable motorists will say that there is no difference between one or another winter tires... Others will argue that the more expensive the better. There is, of course, common sense in this statement.
Features of tire production
In the production of tires, up to 20 different types rubber to ensure various indicators and characteristics of the tire, metal and textile cords, bead rings made of high-strength metal. The chemical composition of all these materials is kept in the strictest confidence. The cost of tires is very important. Renowned manufacturers of expensive tires spend colossal amounts of money on research, testing, introducing new materials and technologies, unlike recently opened Chinese firms or domestic manufacturer... So, for example, the Michelin company could not achieve decent results in the first year of participation in Formula 1 races, but after a few years it came out of this championship as an absolute winner. In the same year, Michelin tires also helped their owners win victories in motorsport and the 24 Hours of Le Mann.
Types of winter tires
Each manufacturer produces tires for different climatic conditions. Some of them are not even supplied to Moscow, as they are designed for temperatures below -30 degrees Celsius. In addition to the division of winter tires into studded and non-studded, studless are divided into Scandinavian and European type tires... It is important to know that studded tires, for the most part, show low performance when driving on asphalt, not because of the presence of studs, but because of the soft rubber of the tread.
Scandinavian studless tires
When choosing studless tires scandinavian type, you need to know that the performance on asphalt may be even worse than that of "studs". Distinctive feature such tires have a low speed index, usually Q - 160 km / h. A tire with such a low speed rating has a very soft rubber and is designed to operate at very low temperatures... This tire provides good performance on snow and ice, provides acoustic comfort, but can make you nervous on asphalt, especially at temperatures close to zero. Having installed such tires on your car, you need to immediately abandon summer habits such as cornering at the speed limit or braking at a traffic light at the last moment. These tires can only be recommended for very leisurely riders who value comfort. The most famous representatives of this type of tire are
- Michelin X-Ice 3 (the first Scandinavian type tire with an H speed index),
- and finally, for the first time this year, the "Queen of winter velcro" - Nokian Hakkapeliitta R2.
Non-studded tires of European type
Non-studded (or non-studded) tires of European type have, as a rule, speed indexes H - 210 km / h and V - 240 km / h. I would like to note that winter tires of any manufacturer can have a different speed index, while maintaining the same pattern for each model, and a tire with a higher speed index will definitely show better performance on asphalt when braking from any speed. It is not at all necessary to accelerate to the indicated values. Just like the speedometer with its markings up to 260 km / h, the speed index is not a guide to action, but serves to indicate one of the main characteristics of the tire. By the way, summer tires can have up to three speed indexes for each model... In fact, they are different tires with the same tread pattern. The tire pattern of modern summer tires only affects aqua and slash planning - the ability of a car to lose contact with the road under the influence of water or wet snow (slush) with increasing speed. In winter or off road tire the protector is responsible for driving along loose snow or dirt. For the rest of the characteristics of the tire, its chemical composition is responsible, which differs depending on the speed index. This is why it would be inappropriate to compare models different manufacturers without specifying their speed index, just like arguing which car brand is faster, without specifying the power and weight of the models under discussion.
Non-studded tires of the European type are the exact opposite of the tires of the Scandinavian type. European type tires are designed for high speeds and almost summer behavior of the car on dry and wet asphalt, rolled snow at low temperatures. At the same time, on ice and icy snow, these tires require low speeds and careful pedaling. Recommended for sporty drivers, but ready to drive very carefully on icy conditions. European type non-studded tires are presented
- Hankook Winter I Cept Evo W310 and many others.
These tires are often sold under the guise of all-season tires, as they provide the smoothest and most stable performance in the off-season and perform better than studs in summer and much better than off-road tires on ice.
Studded tires
Studded tires have average stiffness in the winter tire class and very good, flat performance on any surface except ice, where they are the clear favorites. These tires are usually presented with a T index - 190 km / h. They are presented
- Michelin X-Ice North XIN 2
- Michelin X-Ice North XIN 3
- super bestseller Nokian Hakkapeliitta 7
- and the novelty of this season, the trendsetter of tire fashion for the near future - Nokian Hakkapeliitta 8.
Their disadvantages are harm to the asphalt road in the absence of an ice crust and the noise they produce. These tires can be safely recommended to everyone, except for residents of megalopolises. The only exception can be made for motorists who daily overcome a steep rise at the entrance to a house or garage. For those who once or twice a month need to go to the snowy road to the dacha - thorns will not help, they are advised to turn their attention to wheel chains anti-skid, which at times increases the vehicle's cross-country ability in snow or mud. Moreover, the installation and removal of branded chains on wheels takes several minutes and is within the power of even the weak half of humanity, since the most expensive sets have large and rounded plastic handles of locking mechanisms.
Impact of road surface
Finally, I would like to add that there are no winter tires that can provide top scores both on ice and on asphalt at the same time. The laws of physics do not allow. Just as there are no absolute world champions in all sports at once, there are no absolutely best tires. One person cannot be a champion in swimming, weightlifting, running, boxing, and shooting. Same way one tire cannot be better than all others on ice, snow and asphalt... But in Moscow, several types of asphalt are used, the ice can be smooth or rough, and the snow is hard or soft, from fluffy snowflakes or hailstones. And even on the same asphalt on a given stretch of road at different ambient temperatures, different tires will be the winners.
Someone may wonder why the characteristics of tires on asphalt are constantly mentioned, because we are talking about winter tires. The fact is that asphalt, even in winter, is one of the most common types of pavements in most of Russia, and in Moscow in recent years this type of pavement dominates over snow and ice. The point is not only in warm winters, but in a huge number of snow-removing equipment and snow-melting chambers, a huge amount of used anti-ice reagents and a high density of transport, houses and businesses in the capital, providing a higher air temperature in the city compared to the periphery. The greatest number of severe accidents in the capital and on the main highways occurs precisely on asphalt, on high speed, often due to the mistake of motorists when choosing speed mode. Dry asphalt deceives people in addition, it is often doused with incomprehensible reagents, and the capabilities of the tires installed on the car fail. When installing winter tires on a car, do not forget about their limited capabilities on the asphalt and immediately reduce the selected speed by a quarter, try the braking dynamics of the car, first making sure there are no other cars behind and warning your fellow travelers. Also, do not neglect the use of seat belts for both front and rear passengers.
- All four tires must be changed. Braking properties of different tires various. This leads to an increase in braking distance and a double danger on a winter road with poor grip, for example, in icy conditions;
- It is reasonable to purchase studded tires with frequent use of the car on country roads, in the presence of areas with ice and ice. And also subject to a small driving experience of the owner of the car, with a lack of driving skills in ice;
- When driving on asphalt in the city, where the streets are well cleared of snow and treated with reagents, Velcro is quite suitable. For clean city roads, tires with a smaller tread pattern are suitable, which creates less rolling resistance and reduces fuel consumption;
- All season tires can only be used on city roads with limited winter use. In this case, you need to be extremely careful - the grip of these tires on snow and ice is several times lower
