There are motorists who believe that it is very easy to ride the vehicle with a trailer. But it only seems to them because of the absence of experience.
In fact, the wrong behavior of the driver or illiterate installation of the trailer - the frequent causes of the road accidents with the sad end.
Category Rights and Trailer Weight
Trailer trailer retail - you need to remember this. Drivers with a certificate of category "B" can use trailers that do not exceed the weight of the machine without load. To manage a heavy trailer, you will need a category "BE". If you have the rights "C" - Categories, you can use the design weighing up to 750 kilograms. The same applies to the category "D".
Stop signals and wedges
Before you go on the road by car with a trailer, make sure that there are stop signals and turn signals. If a trailer or van is wider than a car, install the mirrors of the type of special extension cords to be able to follow the road. Also do not forget to get clins for wheels. They will need you if you are attached to the slope, even if it turns out to be small.
Fuel and braking
While driving with a van always increases the consumption of fuel. Be prepared for the fact that the benzobak will empty the usual faster. And also the brand smoothly and neatly, otherwise the trailer will put on the sides.
Going in the way
Going on the road, be sure to inspect the trailer and make sure it is working. In addition to turn signals, pay the maximum attention of the fastening lock - it must be fixed securely and firmly. Evaluate the status of safety chains and cables. Attach them to the car so that the cables do not jumped while driving. To reduce friction, lubricate the pork using graphite lubrication.
It happens that the trailer during the ride throws from side to side, even if the driver goes carefully. It is to blame for this unevenly punched wheels or "killed" trailer shock absorbers.
Place the cargo
By downloading the trailer, you should follow certain rules. Heavy things should be set closer to the axis of the structure, slightly shifting them forward. It is impossible to feed the van intern, otherwise he, leaning, will raise the back of the car.
The result is low braking efficiency. However, to put all the goods in the front of the trailer are also wrong, because in this case the car will be lifted in the air "nose" that complicates control.
The weight of the cargo needs to be distributed evenly. Then the machine will be easy to control, and the trailer will become "obedient" and stop jumping and turning out in different directions.
the trip
Equipped with a trailer car longer and harder than usual. It is very noticeable in motion - the car longer picks up the speed, and it takes a lot of time for overclocking. This fact should be taken into account when overtaking, because with a trailer it is difficult to return to your row.
Therefore, once again do not overtake others. vehiclesIf you doubt that you have time to make a maneuver. Better to care their nerves and do not risk life.
If your car with a trailer overtakes a big wagon, be sure to slow down and give right. Otherwise, the air flow coming from the truck will push your trailer to the side. So it's better to stay for a couple of minutes longer on the road than to collect pieces of trailer and cargo on the side of the road.
Be a bow
On the way you need to follow the trailer all the time. He should not constantly:
- twitch;
- vil;
- jump there and here.
Such behavior indicates the wear of the headquart, the incorrect distribution of cargo or uneven pressure in the tires. Also periodically look at the rear view mirror on the wheels of the van. If it is not loaded, you may not feel the puncture of the tire. Moving with navigated wheels, you completely spoil them.
Turns
Turning, do it carefully, leaving the "stock" of the free space from the car to the curb, equal to a minimum of 1.5 m, so that the trailer will not be listed. And yet - do not brake the car, entering the turn.
Maneuvers of this kind do not like the trailer. Turning, move with a stable speed, without increasing or lowering it, otherwise the trailer will "lead" the car to the side. In other words, you need to act like this: slow down before turning, then wrap it smoothly and continue to move on.
If, during the turn, the trailer will still begin to throw in different directions, accurately accelerate. Here the law of physics will come into force - the oscillations subside from acceleration.
According to country roads
Moving along the country hilly roads, be vigilant. Do not develop most speed And do not make sharp turns. This is fundamentally important, because the primers have a rut and the trailer must move along the one that drives the car.
Reverse
To fully master the ride with a trailer, you need to learn how to give buildings. Remember that the steering wheel must always be turned to the other side, which is the opposite turn of the van. If you are a novice driver, be sure to try in some safe place Perform this maneuver before going off the cargo.
Observe the distance
There is another important ride rule with a trailer concerning the observance of the distance. Most trailers have no brakes, which means that the loaded car increases braking distances. For example, on a good road when moving at a speed of 70 km / h, the difference in the brake path of the machine with a trailer and the car without it is 8 meters.
Winter, cold
It is more difficult to move with a trailer in winter, because the mounted snow significantly reduces the tire grip with the surface of the road. Because of this, the risk of lateral drift in braking and turns is increasing.
In order not to get into unpleasant situations, keep a large distance in relation to other vehicles, do not make sharp turns and smoothly press the brake pedal when the clutch is enabled. However, on icing and slippery roads it is desirable to slow down the engine.
You can make overtaking in winter only in the areas of the road, on the side of which the risen snow lies. If the snow is loose, the trailer can move into it. On the roundabilities of the road covered with a snow carpet, be careful. Sometimes it is better to reduce the speed of the car to progress.
Riding on the roads of our country requires constant attention and caution drivers regardless of the season. However, in the winter, when on the roads appears, and a huge amount of snow appears on the roads, driving becomes even more extreme. This is especially true of those who continue to exploit their car with a trailer in winter.
So, everyone knows that the clutch of the wheels with the road covered by frozen or the rolled snow is very bad and it is necessary to keep an enlarged distance until the car is ahead. When driving with a trailer, this distance must be kept even more, since the loaded trailer significantly increases your braking path. Braking should always be very smooth (it is advisable to perform it by the engine), since any short press The brakes will provoke lateral skid. If necessary emergency braking, then make it short impulse presses on the brake pedal. If you plan to often use the trailer in winter, it is better if it is equipped with a brake system.
When turning, try to minimize the speed and enter the most common trajectory. Pressing the gas pedal also needs to be performed smoothly. Any mistake on slipping road Inevitably provokes a skid.
When driving around narrow and country roads, you pay close attention to the sidelines. A large amount of snow accumulates on the side of such roads, which can provoke the trailer skid and its tightening into a ditch, and this is very dangerous. The higher the speed of your road train, the more difficult it is to avoid tightening, so when driving with counter cars on narrow roads, try to reduce the speed. Overclocking on such roads, only if you are fully confident that the sideline of the oncoming strip has a solid coating.
Especially carefully needed to the roads covered with fresh snow. Many people think that the grip of the wheels on such roads is better, but it is not at all. Usually under this snow there are iced plots and fresh snow when braking or on the turn only will enhance the skid.
If you hit deep snow, It is necessary to move slowly on reduced transmission and ensure that there is no wheel slip. Try not to stop and do not make steep turns. If your car traya is still stuck in the snow, then try using a star or simply use the shovel to clear the road in front of the wheels.
How to properly exploit a passenger trailer in winter so as not to fall into the accident and not to represent threats to other participants in motion? What kind of driving nuances should be aware of not to allow such situations as trailer and tipping into a ditch?
Winter tires
Each year on the eve of a long winter period, issues devoted to the need to change on tire cars are discussed on all motor enthusiastic forums. Substantive discussions are underway whether it is necessary to transfer the trailer for a thorough rubber. As a rule, the opinions of drivers do not coincide.
Some car owners are confident that the tires must be changed and the tractor and the trailer necessarily. Others do not agree, in their opinion, if they accelerate and slow down calmly, the winter tires are not required. There are also such drivers who prefer in winter on passenger trailers to put the so-called "all-season" or ride on awkward winter tires.
In winter, the road can be slippery, another danger is a loose snow, drifts on the roads. The driver must be able to correctly respond correctly if he sees in the mirrors, as a trailer enters. And the dangers from all sides. If the left turn, the trailer goes to the side of the road, gets frightened in a loose snow and pulls the machine. At the right turn, the trailed platform with summer rubber In general, it flies into the oncoming lane, if an inexperienced driver driving.
Do not allow sharp braking
The biggest threat to the trailer is ice on the road, when the clutch of the wheels is not enough, the road train can become uncontrollable. On the icing road you can not dramatically drop speed. A trailer unfavorable with his own brakes pushes a tractor, which causes the rotation of both vehicles. In addition, a pop train can occur, while the trailer platform will hit the tractor in the side. To avoid this, to all maneuvers, the driver must prepare in advance, to slow down the engine, passing to low transmission.
Do not allow trailer swinging
In the event of transverse oscillations, it is necessary to immediately take measures so that the trailer stops swing. For this, the driver must smoothly accelerate, stretching the road train and preventing rhythmic drift. In the case when the trailer begins to jump out of the rut, it should also be added to gas, the "bolt" will stop.
Loose snow and drifts
To leave deep snow on full drive include low gear. If the machine with the front-wheel drive, put the first transmission, make sure that the wheels are not started to buck. If your car tray is stuck in deep snow, it should be removed at least before the front pair of the wheels and, moving forward, then back, try to leave. If this method does not give the result, it remains only to unload a trailer.
In our specialized you can always get recommendations on how to manage the machine with a trailer in winter. Call!
In the cold season, the road surface is usually very inhomogeneous: the ice, a rinker or snowy "porridge" can suddenly appear on the asphalt. This feature significantly affects the safety of driving.
Change style ride
First of all, it is necessary to realize: as soon as the trailer appears, the car behaves differently: the brake path increases, and the places for maneuver need much more. And if you are accustomed to rapid accelerations and cutting braking, then with a trailer about this practice will have to forget, otherwise it will bring. Speed \u200b\u200bneed to be reduced by 20 km / h from the usual for you in a particular situation. If on the track, let's say, the limitation of 90 km / h is valid, then with the trailer it is worth it is not faster than 70 km / h. By the way, frequent cause Alarms on a snow-covered or icing track is that car owners are not installed on a trailer winter tires. We strongly recommend "re-overwhelming": in this case, the trailer will bring much less.
Brake with mind
The greatest danger on the winter road is ice. On the ice of the wheels there is no adequate clutch with road coatingSo the car can suddenly become unmanageable. Sharp braking on a slippery road in winter almost 100% guarantees the occurrence of drift. And if the trailer does not have its own brakes, then it further aggravates the situation: he faces the rear axle of the car, causing the rotation of the entire road train. Happiness if at this moment opposite Lane It turns out to be empty! But even this does not guarantee that the accident will be able to avoid: the trailer itself can hit your car in the side. Therefore, the driver's task is to avoid sharp braking by any ways. We need to prepare for maneuvers in advance and reduce the speed at dangerous areas. If the machine is not equipped with ABS, it is necessary to brake short and frequent presses on the pedal to avoid blocking the wheels. And the very the best way - braking engine, that is, a sequential transition to reduced transmission.
Avoid swinging
The driver of the road train must be followed not only for the behavior of the car, but also the trailer. Felt transverse oscillations - the trailer began to swing as a pendulum - add gas to "stretch" the road train and avoid rhythmic drift. You also need to do the same if the trailer began to throw out a ride - pressing the gas will pay off "Boltanka".
Carefully with the siders
On country tracks need to be especially attentive. On the side of the road, a high snow "border" is often formed, which can cause a drift and dumping a car with a trailer into a ditch. In order not to hook this "border", you need to move slowly, and if you need to disperse with the oncoming machine, further reduce the speed. Obgon make only when full confidenceDo not back on the counter side.
Deep snow
Another attack of country roads in winter is deep snow. If you have a all-wheel drive SUV - turn on the reduced transmission. On the front drive Move on the first gear and avoid slipping the wheels. If stuck, you need to clear the snow in front of the wheels and try to get out "into the star", moving on the car forward-back. If it did not help - you have to unload the trailer, getting rid of the extra ballast.
Tips for safe driving Prepared specialists of the direction "Trailers" Expedition "" "Krasnokamsky repair and mechanical plant"
Such an addition to a passenger car as a trailer, significantly expands the capabilities of the car itself, and for many car owners is often simply necessary.
As a rule, for these purposes, that is passenger cars, uniaxial trailers are applied.
Uniaxial trailers
These trailers, depending on their mounted maximum mass, it is customary to divide on "light", in which the allowed maximum mass, installed by the manufacturer, does not exceed 750 kg, and "heavy" trailers, with a permitted maximum massexceeding 750 kg.
Uniaxial trailer
These types of trailers are distinguished not only by their "lifting capacity". Unlike the "heavy" trailers, "light" trailers are not always equipped, while "heavy" trailers must have brakes necessarily.
Than the car should be equipped
In order for a car to drive with a trailer, it must be equipped with a standard type that has a plug outlet through which the electric temperature of the trailer is connected to the car electriable.
Coupling device
Also, if the trailer is wider than a car-tractor and thereby worsens the rear view for the driver, the car must be equipped with rear-view mirrors with elongated brackets.
Going on the road with a trailer, you always need to have two anti-digit wedge in the car, placed under the wheels if the car stops on the slope.
Rules Riding with Trailer
Driving a car with a trailer has its own characteristics:
1. It should always be borne in mind that the trailer will significantly change the "behavior" of the car on the road, and its presence requires special attention from the driver. When driving with a trailer, the braking pathway of the road train is necessarily increasing, and the dynamism and time of acceleration decreases, even if the trailer is empty.
At the same time, the passability of the car and its maneuverability will be worse on the contrary. These factors make way trading at low speed, avoiding sharp accelerations and braking.
2. When performing various maneuvers, it is always necessary to take into account the length of the road train, its large dimensions, and created by the road train, the so-called "corridor of turning", that is, the trajectory in which the car and the trailer move in turn.
By performing such maneuvers, such as overtaking or braking when driving with a trailer, you need to have a sufficient stock of distances and time, and take into account that the dynamic characteristics of the car have become worse.
3. Troce from the place, when towing the trailer you need as smrior as possible, without jerks. Otherwise, the wheels can start slipping, which leads to intensive wear of the tires, increases fuel consumption, and can cause a transmission failure or a coupling device.
4. An obstacle or other vehicles found on the road or other vehicles need to be engaged, making a greater than the interval usually, as well, to return to its lane after performing a detachment, is needed on more than usual removal from these objects.
5. Such a maneuver, like overtaking, is quite dangerous, so it is necessary to perform it only if there is a need for this, while it is necessary to take into account that the overtaking zone has become more, by reducing the vehicle dynamism.
6. We must not forget that for a car with a trailer, a tendency to "folding" is characterized, that is, the "incision" of the trailer for the car, which can cause a skid.
As a rule, this effect occurs during braking, especially on turns. To avoid such trouble, you need to reduce speed in advance before turning. If you avoid "folding" yet, it was not possible to align the road train, stopping braking and increasing the speed.
7. Moving with a trailer on dirt roads, try not to go between rings, as the trailer can get into one kopeva, and the car itself is in another.
8. Do not have the experience of driving a car with a trailer, it is advisable to practice on a safe playground reverse - It is such a maneuver who often causes difficulties.
9. The right placement of cargo on the trailer also needs to pay special attention. Most optimal option The "ravings" of the trailer is considered to be this, in which it is drawn to rely on the coupling device with an effort from 35 to 95 kg.
Proper and improper placement of cargo on the trailer
With incorrect cargo placement, that is, when weighing weight forward or backward, relative to the trailer axis significantly increases the load on the coupling device, which can cause bad car handling.
During long trip It takes from time to time to stop, and check the reliability of the cargo fastening in the trailer.
10. Going on the road with a trailer, you need to check the reliability of the traction-hitch each time, the serviceability of the light alarm, lead to the rate of the car and the trailer, check their condition, check the reliability of the wheel attachment, correct the location of the cargo in the trailer.
Video - Movement with a trailer around the city:
I hope that the article responded to all your questions. Good luck on the roads!
