History of Rolls-Royce. Brand history: Rolls-Royce Machine Machine Rolls Royce

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(Rolls-Royce Motor Cars Ltd).

Rolls-Royce In the form in which we know the brand today, was created under the enormous influence of its founders. In fact, all stages of the company's activities were laid by Charles Stewart Rolls and Frederick Henry Royce. They were not buddies since childhood, as it often happens when two young people organize their business. Moreover, they were representatives of completely different, if not to say the opposite layers of society. But their association gave life to the most luxurious car of the 20th century.

Frederick Royce born 27 Martha 1863 . In his early years, he also could not dream that in the future would be a very rich and respected man. Frederick was born in the city of Alvator (Lincolnshire county). His father was a miller, but not at all for a long time, because he spread very quickly. Poverty led to the fact that already at the age of 10, Frederick found his first job - he didn't do at the time! Young Royce earned for any, ranging from the separation of newspapers and telegrams, and ending with the work on the railway.

However, early work absolutely did not beat the desire to learn from Frederick. They understood that his future fully depends on how good knowledge he would possess. Therefore, in the non-working time, Royce studied foreign languages, mathematics and the foundations of electrical engineering. It was especially attracted by the last discipline. The boy had an obviously engineering mindset. In addition, such work delivered him true pleasure.

The first work associated with the capture of Frederick was the post in the company High Maxim, a famous machine gun called by the author's name. The work was liked Royus, but his real dream was his company, and therefore he began to postpone the money from the very first months, which would have to make the starting capital of his future firm.

And such a company as a result was born together with his friend Frederick founded in Manchester FH Royce & Co.

The cases slowly gained momentum. The key point in this story was 1903 when Royce acquired his first car. French Decauville. The car was terrible. She had many technical problems that were discharged Frederick. Engineer indignant in his soul. It all resulted in the fact that he decided to construct his car, which will fully arrange it and far exceed Decauville.

As it was obvious that Frederick has an engineering genius, since exactly one year later he really presented his first car. He was superior to all French cars on his head, and received a very flattering reviews in the press. The Rosis's brainchild had excellent driving characteristics, a high degree of reliability, and at the same time it costs quite acceptable money - 395 pounds. Of course, at that time it was a lot of money, but not those who will be required after a while to buy Rolls-Royce.

The legendary Rolls Royce company was registered on March 15, 1906. However, the plan of the enterprise originated at the hotel "Midland wanted" in Manchester May 1, 1904. On this day, Charles Rolls met - the racer, who began his business from the sale of British car aristocrats from the continent, and Henry Royce - the designer and manufacturer of electric motors and cranes, which It was dissatisfied with the sold cars and dreamed of developing - "The car is above all criticism."

A joint venture on the production and sale of cars was called "Rolls-Royce". Moreover, Rolls took the commercial part over, and the production and technical side of the case lay on Royce. The ambitions of the young aristocrat extended so far that he put himself a goal to produce the best cars in the world.

The genuine birth of the legendary brand happened in
the same 1906 on the London Olympia Motor Show, when Rolls-Royce introduced the first chassis "Rolls-Royce 40/50 HP under the factory number 60551. The new model did not repeat the precursors. Sale 40/50 HP began in 1907. And since until World War II, Rolls-Royce plant did not produce body, they were made by body workshops on the customer's order - giving rise to a huge number of Rolls-Royce options with a single chassis.

40/50 HP chassis itself was worth 985 pounds. At about the same price, it was worthwhile to the client of an equally luxurious body produced by the famous workshops, such as: Hooper, Barker, Park Ward, Thrupp & Maberly, H.J. Mulliner and others soon gave an unusual name - "Silver Ghost" (Silver Spirit). By this name, the car is obliged to silverly external details of one of the first samples and an extremely silent engine. According to the legend, the loud sound in the cabin was ticking hours.

The car could develop speed up to 150 km / h - the indicator is not available for many sports models of that time. "Silver Ghost", has become, almost the most famous car in the world. Already in 1907, the creators advertised it as " best car in the world". The Rolls Rois company emblem became one of the most prestigious in the world, appeared in 1907. One legend states that Royce saw the RR emblem on the tablecloth in the restaurant and decided to buy this tablecloth. First, the letters RR emblems were red, but in 1930 they began to perform them in black.

Another integral attribute of Rolls-Royce cars is the "spirit of delight". In 1909, one of the Rolls-Royce cars acquires the personal use of Sir John Montagus Lord Leli. To highlight your car from a common stream, Lord orders in 1911 to his friend, the sculptor-modernist CHARLSI SAKSU to develop a nasal talisman.

The artist found a simple and elegant solution: he created some kind of manochable deity-figurine, strived forward, with his hands twisted back, in the fluttering of the robe. She, as it were, handed the spirit of the car - reasonable speed, grace and beauty. At first, the official name of the figurine was "impersonation of speed", but later Sykes sold his copyrights of Rolls-Royce, and she was renamed "Spirit of Ecstasy" ("Spirit of delight or Spirit inspiration).

In 1921, a branch in Springfield was opened in America. One of the first buyers of the American Silver Ghost became Nelson Rockefeller. In the States until 1926, 1703 cars were built. Silver Ghost faithfully served to the hosts for decades. In the US, for example, in the 1930s, the "Eternal" chassis of the Silver Spirit simply put new fashionable bodies.

Thanks to the stable British market, where wealthy buyers suffered from the Great Depression, the company and the crisis 1930s managed to maintain their positions on automotive market. And in 1931, Rolls-Royce even acquires its competitor who has fallen into a difficult financial situation - Bentley, has a well-established reputation for producer of good, expensive and reliable sports machines And limousines for the main parameters are very similar to Rolls-Royce. Brand "Bentley" is stored so far. Starting from 1949 classic cars Class »Suite» The Silver Ghost Silver Wraight, Silver Dawn (Silver Dawn), "Silver Cloud" (Silver Dawn) are obtained by the Spirit of Nostalgia Silver Cloud.), in 1965 changed the "silver shadow" (Silver Shadow).

Consequently, the firm flourished, but the foundation laid down by the founders was only 30 years after the death of Royce in 1933. In the 60s, the recession began, and the financial position of the Rolls-Royce, occupied at that time by creating a new aircraft engine and the Rolls-Royce-Corniche model, became very shard, and on February 4, 1971 the company was officially announced bankrupt.

Rolls-Royce as a national heritage, saved the British government, invested about $ 250 million in the case. But at the same time, Rolls-Royce Motor Holding was divided into car company Rolls-Royce Motor Cars Ltd, which produces cars, components for the automotive and aircraft industry, diesel engines, locomotives, light aircraft, and on Rolls-Royce Ltd - Aviation unit for the production of jet engines, which from 1971 to 1987 was under The management of the state and was privatized in 1987, after which she changed the name on the Rolls-Royce PLC.

Vickers Military Industrial Concern - The ONE largest in the UK Syndicate manufacturers military equipment, Performs the United Kingdom Ministry of Defense - in 1980, acquired Rolls-Royce Motor Cars Ltd for 38 million pounds, when the company, due to the deterioration of financial indicators and the development of a new model Rolls-Royce Silver Spirit, once again turned out to be on the verge of crisis.

Vickers did for Rolls-Royce during the possession of this legendary brand a lot: invested about 40 million pounds of sterling, the concern was modernized to obscure the plants in KRU. At the factories in the CRC, a real conveyor was also installed at a speed of 0.01 miles per hour. But rationalization touched only unqualified labor, Rolls-Royce remained in the other Rolls-Royce - cars were manually manufactured and only on orders. However, thanks to the measures taken more than twice - from 65 to 28 days - the full cycle of the manufacture of one car has decreased. And in the early 90s, the company began to return profits again. So, in 1997, the company's profit, despite the small number of cars sold (1380 cars Bentley and 538 cars Rolls-Royce), amounted to $ 45 million at a turn of $ 500 million.

However, the situation remained unstable: with an unsuccessful economic situation, such a volume could easily fall twice. So it happened - until the end of the 90s further existence, development and compliance of Rolls-Royce products high quality They demanded new investments - according to the chairman of the board of Vickers, Sir Colin Chandler, more than 200 million pounds of sterling, who did not have a military-industrial concern: "We did for Rolls-Royce all that could. We saved it, we returned to him "health" and a good form, but it was time to part ... "- he said.

In October 1997, negotiations began with stakeholders about the sale of Rolls-Royce. For control over the company, several groups were fought, including two British financial and industrial groups, German-industrial grants: Daimler-Benz, Volkswagen, BMW and RRAG organization, consisting of a group of patriotic and wealthy owners of Rolls-Royce cars and Bentley led by Lawyer Michael Shrіprpton.

The result of the struggle for the legend of the British Automotive was the agreement on which Volkswagen acquired Bentley and Rolls-Royce plants, and BMW bought the name Rolls-Royce. Evaluating the sale of Rolls-Royce won in the fight for the brand in 1998 by the German cargoant BMW, the Berlin newspaper Welt wrote: "Now the oldest British automaker will receive the strength that is necessary for the future." Soon BMW began production of cars under the famous brand at a new factory in Goodwood (South England).

There, the concern built "the most exclusive in the world of the factory" for the production of a new family of the prestigious British brand Rolls-Royce. The company is located in the town of Chichester in the County West Sussex. It is noteworthy that nearby from there, in the town of West-Westtering, lived from 1917 to 1933 and Sir Henry Royce died. His design bureau was also here. In addition to the picturesque surroundings, South England has a developed infrastructure and the ability to attract additional staff from the yacht industry to their usual manual work.

The company's cars never differed low-cost, and the price policy formulated by Royce remains relevant today: "Quality remains when the price has long forgotten." The first Rolls-Royce cars are 10 liters. from. sold at a price of 395 pounds sterling. Today, these antique models can purchase any aesthete for $ 2500,000. Approximately six out of ten of all ever built Rolls-Royce cars still "on the go."

In 1907, one of the "silver ghosts" establishes a record - passes without stopping 24 thousand km. What a huge distance of the car overcame with the only malfunction - the fuel crap failed. At Rolls-Royce factories, the cars are called "Royce" in the Rolls and London machines. They are never called "Rolls". The grill of the radiator in the Rolls-Royce car is done manually with the help of the eye. Just "prinokіdku", without any tools.

For the manufacture of Rolls-Royce radiator, one person is needed. And five more people on his polishing. Opening the ashtray in the modern Rolls-Royce, you will never find a cigarette cigarette - ashtray empty automatically. None of the members of the factory personnel will never say: "Rolls-Royce broke." Instead, you will hear: "Rolls-Royce refuses to continue to function." In the old Rolls-Royce factories (in Circular and London), you can see the inscriptions: "Beware of a silent car!"

The cooling spotability of the air conditioner in the modern "silver spirit" is equal to the productivity of 30 household refrigerators. Each glass part in the "silver spirit" is polished by hand with a special pimple, which usually use when polishing optical lenses. Once after chanting the grudge hymns in honor of the Rolls-Royce cars, one aristocrat, thinking, asked: "But, Sir Henry, and what would happen if your factory released bad car? " Royce replied: "Madame, a security guard at the central gate would not release it from the territory."

The last words of the dying Henry Royce were: "I regret only that I did not devote more time to work." The Personal Secretary of the Luch of the Elektriation was the Personal Secretary of the Lord-Eleonor Tornton, in which the sculptor was hopelessly in love. Representatives of the "Park Ward" series are considered the most elite of Rolls-Royce, called the "Royal Rolls Royce". It is these underlined conservative cars prefer monarchs. It is impossible to buy or order in an expensive car dealership, because "Park Ward" is the brainchild of the company's branch where cars are not even assembled, and they are fully manufactured manually, for special orders, each of them only under a certain customer.

Rolls-Royce style, without exaggeration, unique. Amazes the value that the company gives small. Salons "Rolls-Royce" has always been inherent in a special, nothing comparable fine fragrance, which radiated the best grades of genuine leather and valuable wood species used for interior decoration of machines. And suddenly customers of the new exclusive model - "Silver Seraphim" - felt that the smell in the cabin was not the same. They began to find out - and found that instead of the former rosewood and mahogany, some first wooden details of the interior decoration were replaced by plastic.

At the sight and to the touch, it is not distinguished from the tree, but the smell is no longer the same. And the manufacturers were seriously engaged in solving this problem. They developed the composition of aromatic oils for processing salons of all Rolls-Royce, which again began to smell the road and wood. "Rolls Royce" is a car-palace, a car-status, a car symbol. This is a high position attribute in society. We should not forget that there are many millionaires on the planet, and Rolls-Royce is substantially less, so there is a queue among those who wanted to pay several hundred thousand dollars for a means of movement - the entire circulation of cars is scheduled for several years ahead.

Among the happy owners of Rolls-Royce were Charlie Chaplin, and Benito Mussolini, and Muhammed Ali, and Emperor Nicholas II, and Elizabeth Taylor, and Rudyard Kipling, and Gullylmo Marconi, and Alfred Nobel. The prince of Yusupov and his accomplices were brought to Rolls-Royce. Due to the fact that the Japanese emperor decided in the 1920s to buy Rolls-Royce, in Japan still left-sided movement.

The prestige of the Rolls-Royce brand was so great that in the 50s the company becomes a supplier of cars for the British royal house and many ruling and aristocratic families of the world. So, for example, Princess Elizabeth and Duke Edinburgh ordered in 1950 for its own use of the Rolls-Royce of the Phantom-IV model with the body of the company Mulliner-Park-Ward. Since then, the garage (so-called royal stables) is equipped with no machines "Daimler", but Rolls-Royce. Last summer, during the celebrations dedicated to the fiftieth anniversary of Elizabeth XI in the English throne, the Queen rode on one of the last models of Rolls-Royce-Bentley limousine.

By order of Indian Maharaja, Nabi english engineers created for the "silver ghost" the body in the form of a swan figure, washed out of a massive piece of wood and covered with gilded lotus flowers. To increase the smoothness of the stroke, a suspension was used with an additional longitudinal spring. Even brushes from horse's hair appeared in this version of Rolls Royce, designed to consider dirt from rotating wheels. This masterpiece of design and designer thought, which is more like an illustration for "fairy tales of 1000 and one night" than a car, and now you can see at the exhibitions of automotive rarities.

Not less originality - the truth, in a somewhat different style, "Rolls-Royce", John Lennon, was painted with psychedelic vignettes of absolutely incredible colors. The perturbation of patriots, offended so shining abuse on the legend of the British car industry, there was no limit. However, for some time to sighten the respected public, July 5, 1968 Lennon his Rolls-Royce sold.

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin was the happy owner of the "tunned" Rolls Royce. As a matter of fact, the leader of the world proletariat served two Rolls-Royce at once, but one of them, the "Elpain Needle" with an open body, is not specially famous for anything. But the second, brand "Continental", was bought for 4 thousand pounds of sterling through the mediation of the Soviet sales representative of Lev Krasin, then delivered to Petrograd and was recycled there in ... NEIVGUSENICHNY AVTOSANI. Handsome "Rolls-Royce" was equipped with the so-called leader of Kegrass, named by the name of the creator, the head of the royal garage Adolf Kegres.

Instead rear bridge Installed a cart with rubberized cotton ribbons. For better controllability on the front wheels, wide skis were put on. This design weighed more than 500 kg. At the rolled snow, the car with Kegresse was confidently walked at a speed of 60 km per hour. The mass of the machine reached 2700 kg. Fuel consumption amounted to 37 liters per 100 km. Crawler "Rolls-Royce" was also equipped with a warmed cabin, heater, a thermostat, an improved ignition system.

In general, Rolls-Royce enjoyed the Honored Love of the Soviet Nomenclature. From 1922 to 1925 - notice, the era of ruin and hunger - 73 cars were purchased in England, mainly with open bodies. Czech writer Gofmeister in those years wrote: "I have never seen such a cluster" Rolls-Royce ", which watched one evening on the Embankment of the Moscow River ..."

There was a personal "Rolls Royce" and in Brezhnev. What is interesting, "Silver Ghost" never belonged to Brezhnev personally, like many other cars with the mythical "collection". However, the car was created taking into account the complex of the Secretary General and its desire to sometimes get behind the wheel.

This is still reminded by dashboard Switch with two positions: one "adjusts" the driver's seat under the figure of Brezhnev, the other - under the dimensions of the driver. The car was ordered by the 9th control of the KGB for the "maintenance of the members of the Central Committee" in 1971 and in less than a year he entered Russia. In general, there are five cars like this at the factory: one - for arab SheikhIt is capable of moving freely in the sands with a cell mounted in a salon for the beloved Sheikh Yaguar, the other ordered a gold miner from Alaska, which, on the contrary, it was necessary to move through the snow.

Ordering two other machines comes out of the coast of Amazon and assumed the special stability of cars to the tropical climate. The fifth car was to combine the demands of all other four orders - albeit without a cage for jaguar. It was he who was intended for Brezhnev. Almost entirely made of aluminum housing, "proclipped", as in aviation, spars, made in a single copy of rubber and plastic parts, hydroaccumulators on all four wheels, twelve layers of paint - what to say, masterpiece ... I wonder what unique car Today is actively exploited: Eduard Teniakov, Vice-President of the Moscow Central Stock Exchange, goes on it.

Rolls-Royce is a real legend automotive world. A total of more than 20 models of this car for the long-term stamp of the brand were released, much different from how otherwise other known car brands Release new models. Nevertheless, Rolls-Royce never chased due to the amount of quality. Mark primarily associated with prestige, and this continues until today, and therefore the company always tries to bring each model to perfection.

The fact that Rolls-Royce releases little models contributes to the fact that each of them becomes a legend of its time, and successfully sold for a long time after the release. On these British cars in the 20th century, famous businessmen, politicians and stars of show business from around the world traveled.

Today, Rolls-Royce affairs are not so good as in the past years. The end of the 90s was marked by a long-lasting company selling, which ended only in 2003. As a result, the company passed to the property of BMW. However, the golden years of Rolls-Royce left irrevocably. Sales are no longer so high as before, and the brand is not so popular. Of course, it is impossible to say that he died or something like that. Not. Just his golden years passed. Together with the XX century.

History

Henry Royce made his first car, two-cylinder Royce 10 at its enterprise in Manchester in 1904. He presented his product to the owner of the dealer company CSrolls & Co. Fulham Charles Rolls, whom Royce 10 impressed. The contract was concluded that Csrolls & Co. It will be implemented by the entire Rois product line. It included four models at that time.

All cars had a brand Rolls Royce and sold exclusively Rolls. First Rolls Royce 10 hp It was introduced in Paris in December 1904. Rolls-Royce Limited was formed on March 15, 1906 and by this time it became obvious that new production facilities were needed. The new plant was largely designed by Royce, and production on it began in 1908.

In 1906, Royce developed an improved six-cylinder model, called 40/50 hp, it was the first products of the new company. This model was in demand and sold a total of more than 6,000 cars. In 1925, 40/50 was renamed Silver Ghost. In 1921, the company opened the second plant in Springfield, Massachusetts.

After the First World War, faced with the Silver Ghost sales drop in 1922 introduced a cheaper twenty model. In 1931, Rolls-Royce acquires Bentley who did not cope with the onset of the Great Depression. Since then until 2002 cars Bentley And Rolls-Royce is often similar to the grid of the radiator and small parts.

Production of cars Rolls Royce and Bentley moved to Cru in 1946, where the company began to collect cars completely. Previously, the company has only released a chassis, leaving the body's production to other manufacturers. The company accompanied the success so much that it was already using the 50th products exclusively aristocracy and even the Royal House.

There was enough of the foundation to the sixties, but the financial situation became worse, and by February 1971 the company went bankrupt. But the government saved the situation, since Rolls Royce was considered national heritage. However, the company was divided into a division for the production of auto and components and aviation.

Another crisis happened in 1980 and this time saved the position of the Vickers concern, who bought Rolls-Royce Motor Cars Limited. Upgrading equipment, Rolls-Royce released Silver Seraph, which was designed using the latest technology and saw the light in 1998. However, the reforms did not touch the manual method of assembly, characteristic of Rolls-Roisu and work exclusively by pre-orders.

Rolls-Royce Motor Cars Limited was created as a subsidiary of BMW AG in 1998 after purchasing BMW licenses of rights to brand name, logo and branded symbolism with Rolls-Royce. Rolls-Royce Motor Cars Limited is engaged in the production of Rolls-Royce branded cars since 2003.

Products

Phantom

Since 2003, the 4-door sedan. The car has a 6.75 l engine V12 production of BMW, installed only on this model. Rich leather Salon, the interior decoration by valuable wood rocks is carried out at a new factory in Goodwood.

After the war, Rolls-Royce resumed the production of cars and opened its first plant in the United States in 1921. The engine "R" was designed to participate in the seaplane in the Schneider Cup in the UK in 1929. It seemed that Royce sketched his design to the cane, walking on the sands of Western Westering. It was this engine after refinement that became the legendary Merlin, which was then installed on allied airplanes Spritfire and Harricsein.

Production of Rolls-Royce 20 HP, the Rolls-Royce named "Bayby" was launched in 1922. Designed for owner drivers, the car has become very popular with the cubized strength of the middle class - professional doctors, lawyers and businessmen. It was installed in a row six cylinder engine volume of 3127 cubic meters Cm, developing the maximum speed of 62 mph.

In 1925, the Silver Ghost model changed the "New Phantom", later became the famous Phantom I. The last armored cars Silver Ghost were collected in 1927 for the Russian Trade Office "Arkos". Phantom was going to both in the UK and at the New Plant in Springfield, Massachusetts.

The 30s of the 20th century were the epoch of new records on land, at sea and in the air. Sir Malcolm Campbell in 1933 he broke the speed record on land at 272.46 mph. In 1937, George Eston on his dandebolt with two engines "R" Rolls-Royce broke this record, developing the speed of 312.2 mph. Sir Henry Sigrowow on Miss England II with the engine "R" broke the world record of the sea at sea 119 mph, almost immediately died, encroaching on a flooded stump.

The Phantom II chassis was significantly reworked, and it made it an ideal choice for those who coming out on Friday night from work, went for a weekend to the south of France. The most famous steel Barker convertible with hard riding, Park Ward Continental and Barker Torpedo Tourer coupe. Park Ward Continental developed speed up to 92.3 mph and accelerated from 0 to 60 for 19.4 s.

Phantom III was first Rolls-Royce With the V12 engine - with an angle of 60 degrees and a volume of 7340 cubic meters. See the most famous bodies: Limousine Park Ward and Sedan de Ville; Sedan de Ville Hooper. Dynamics of Limousine Park Ward: 91.84 mph and acceleration from 0 to 60 for 16.8 s.

During the Second World War, on the order of the Ministry of Aviation, all attention in Derby Works and at a new factory in KRU, which has become the Rolls-Royce hometown in 1946, has switched to aviation engines. The war changed the attitude towards Rolls-Royce as a "brilliant fish in the sea of \u200b\u200btechnology" on the applicant in world leaders in the construction of aircraft engines. This clearly demonstrated Gloucester Meteor with Rolls-Royce Derwent V engines, setting a new world speed record 606 mph.

All bodies for Silver Wraith were made to order. The production of these cars continued until 1959, they installed a 4887 cubic engine. see, copefully "heavyweights" as Sedan de Ville H.J. Mulliner and limousine Hooper Touring.

Silver Dawn became the first Rolls-Royce serial car with a standard steel case. All cars were exported. Nevertheless, some bodies were made to order, turning these cars in the pearls of collectors. Six-cylinder row engine of 4257 cubic meters. See in 1951, it was finalized to 4.5 liters, and in 1954 to 4.9 liters.

In the second half of the 20th century, Rolls-Royce began their many years of cooperation with the royal family, replacing such a privileged vendor of cars for monarchs like Daimler.

In 1950, her Royal Highness of Princess Elizabeth and Duke Edinburgh violated a long-time royal tradition and moved to the first Phantom IV. All 18 Phantom IV cars, created exclusively for the Royal Persons and Heads of State, are still the most rare Rolls-Royce Motor Cars in the world.

1955 is valid for the first advent of Silver Cloud. Its engine with a volume of 4887 cc, the same as at the DAWN model, allowed to develop the maximum speed of up to 106 mph, and a completely new and luxurious serial steel body created J.P. Blahatchley.

At the end of the decade, Phantom V replaced Phantom IV. With the V8 engine and the body to order, he had much more fans than his predecessor.

Liche's sixties turned the Rolls-Royce to the new "breed" owners. Actors, pop stars and heroes of their time increasingly began to choose cars of this brand. So Rolls-Royce has not for the first time became the star-screen star.

In 1965, Phantom II with a yellow body Barker shared universal attention together with Omar Sharif, Ingrid Bergman and Harrison Rex in Yellow Rolls Royce. In the same year, John Lennon acquired Phantom V. And although the original car was white, Lennon repainted it into a black matte. When new color He was bored, Lennon squeezed him in a psychedelic style, and this Rolls-Royce to this day is one of the most valuable relics of pop stars.

Presented in 1965 Silver Shadow I was the first car Rolls-Royce with carrier body. 220 hp Under its hood, with 4500 rpm accelerated it to the maximum speed of 118 mph.

The 1970s of the 20th century turned out to be a difficult decade for Rolls-Royce. The company had to divide into two independent enterprises - Rolls-Royce Limited, specializing in aircraft engines, in 1985 renamed Rolls-Royce PLC, and Rolls-Royce Motors Limited, producing cars. But despite this, these years are marked by the release of many famous models.

Stylish two-door body to order Corniche was designed on the basis of Silver Shadow, but manually built Mulliner Park Ward. Corniche was produced in two modifications - with rigid riding and with folding riding. Through history, 1306 such cars were created.

For Mulliner Park Ward on the Silver Shadow platform, the PinInfarina team also created the Camargue Body. It was the first Rolls-Royce created in the metric system and offering the most exclusive innovations at that time, for example, automatic layer-by-layer air conditioning. Silver Shadow II came to change, the changes touched not only his appearance - the curved black bumper and the lower spoiler appeared - the characteristics of its manageability also improved.

In 1980, the British defense company Vickers bought Rolls-Royce Motors Limited and continued the production of Rolls-Royce and Bentley cars. In 1985, the company was renamed Rolls-Royce Motor Cars Limited and registered on the stock exchange.
In 1983, the power of Rolls-Royce cars installed a new speed record. Richard Nobl Thrust 2, equipped with a Rolls-Royce Avon 302 jet engine, reached 633,468 mph.

Silver Spirit retained the lower part of Silver Shadow, but the upper part of his body has become more modern and elegant.

Model Corniche has a lot general damn With Silver Seraph, but an ordinary V8 was installed on it. Thanks to the magnificent torque, the V8 ideally suited a rapid Corniche.

Today, Rolls-Royce headquarters and the assembly plant are among Sussex Hills in Goodwood, United Kingdom. The beauty of the surrounding nature inspires not only the world-famous architect Sir Nicholas Grimshou, but also all those who do the history of the legendary car brand every day.

Creating the first new Rolls-Royce car on the 21st century began with the task to create the best car in the world. The decision was Phantom. It was followed by a Phantom Extended Wheelbase with an elongated wheelbase, a more free coupe of the Drophead Coupé and an elegantly seductive compartment Phantom Coupé. Inspired by the words of its founder, in 2012, the Rolls-Royce team set itself the task of creating the most perfect cars in the world. And the decision was Phantom Series II.

The beginning of the release of Ghost and Ghost Extended Wheelbase with an elongated wheelbase labeled the next stage in the development of the brand. This led Rolls-Royce to the creation of two exclusive families, each of which has a bright personality, but they are one, embodying all the power of Rolls-Royce. To design and create the most technically perfect cars, Rolls-Royce Motor Cars requires significant investment in personnel resources and the assembly plant in Goodwood.

What associations do you have when you hear the name of this Rolls-Royce car brand? Luxury, prestige, comfort, reliability? You are absolutely right. All this invariably characterize cars produced here for more than a hundred years by Rolls-Royce, the story that we will tell.

Rolls-Royce cars have become a real legend in our day. In the entire history of this brand, a little more than 20 models were released. This is how the firm is different from other well-known car manufacturers who constantly produce new and new models. But the company Rolls-Royce has always cared not about the number of grades, but about their quality. The firm always first identified a brand with prestige. This trend has been preserved in our time. Every company is striving for every model to bring literally to perfection.

Rolls-Royce produces little models. It is because of this that each company model turns literally into the legend of his time. Even if the car's release occurred for a long time, cars are still well sold. In the twentieth century, these British cars were very popular with stars of show business, famous politicians and businessmen of the whole world.

How did it all start?

One of the founders is Charles Stewart Rolls.

The founders of Rolls-Royce were Charles Rolls and Frederick Henry Royce (Frederick Henry Royce), the names of the brand, and their initial letters - the logo - two intertwing letters "R" on a red background, replaced by black After the death of Henry Royce. Fathers - founders essentially laid down all stages of the company's development. It often happens that business organizes people who were friends in childhood. It was not the case at all. They were not only not familiar, but also occurred, we can say from the opposite sections of society. But they were able to unite. Thus, they provided the appearance of the most luxurious car of the twentieth century.

Frederick Royce was born in the city of Alvator (County Lincolnshire) on March 27, 1863. As a child, he could not dream about becoming a respected and very rich man. His father was a miller, but he spread very quickly. Already at 10 years old Frederick was forced to start working. What only in those days did not have to do it! He had a chance to work a peddler of newspapers and telegrams. He worked on the railway.

But, despite the fact that Frederick was forced to start working very early, the desire to learn from him did not disappear. He perfectly understood that all his future depends on those knowledge that he could get. In his spare time, Royce mastered the Aza electrical engineering, studied mathematics and foreign languages. Especially fascinated by its electrical engineering. Royce possessed an engineering warehouse of the mind. It is this work he gained great pleasure.

Frederick Henry Royce

The first work, which was directly related to the passion of Royce, was the position at High Maxim, the owner of which is known to the whole world as the inventor of the machine gun called by his last name. Royis really liked this work. But he did not leave the dreams of creating his company. From the very beginning, he began to postpone the money. They should have become a starting capital for his future firm.

In the end, his dream came true. Together with a friend, Royce organized F.H. in Manchester. Royce & Co. The firm's affairs went very well. In 1903, Royce acquired his first car. It became a turning point in the history of the company. He acquired french car Decauville. The car was just terrible. Technical problems that constantly arise when using the car caused indignation from Frederick. For his soul engineer, it was just unbearable. It ended the fact that Royce decided to create his car, which would fully arrange it.

Frederick turned out to be a truly brilliant engineer. In just a year he managed to present his car. The press responded about the car very well, as it was incomparably better than French cars. The car was very reliable, had wonderful driving performance And cost only 395 pounds. Of course, at the time it was a lot of money. But it is impossible to compare with those sums that after some time have become needed to buy a Rolls-Royce car.

Charles Rolls has developed a different life. He came from a very rich and noble family. Rolls received a wonderful education. He had diplomas from Cambridge and ITON. Engineering business Rolls became interested in while studying. The first car, which appeared at Rolls, was Peugeot Phaeton, who he bought his father while studying at Cambridge. Charles quickly managed to master this car. Moreover, he very often took part in various races. Once he even managed to establish a world speed record.

Rolls love for cars was truly limitless. And it does not have to be surprised that after graduation, he decided to associate his life with cars. He opened a company that was engaged in selling cars.

In 1902, CS Rolls & Co. was organized. Mostly this company was engaged in selling cars. Rolls managed to attract Claude Johnson, a man, very famous in this industry. The company's affairs went fine. Very soon, Rolls became one of the largest British vendors.

Although Rolls began its activities from the sale of finished cars, he continued to dream of creating such a car that would glorify his last name. He did not seek to organize production from scratch. He wanted to find a small but a talented firm that could become his partner. It was this firm that the Manchesterskaya F.H. Royce & Co.

Frederick Royce and Charles Rolls met in 1904. They managed to agree very quickly, despite the fact that when traveling to Manchester, Rolls was very skeptical. Leated from the city, he is already with a signed cooperation agreement. Very soon the public was presented the first joints of joint development. Press and critics responded about them very well. Already at the end of the year, a joint company Rolls-Royce was organized.

Sale of the first cars went very bolko. Royce created the wonderful cars from a technical point of view. Rolls skill them to trade. At this time, he had a very large network of distributors. When her assistance, cars applied without any problems throughout the country. It should be noted that the company was not going to work at all only in the UK. Very soon, the cars of the company began to sell in Europe. In 1906, the car was demonstrated by New York. Americans accepted this car with great enthusiasm.

One very important point should be noted. Between the founders of the company authority were completely distributed. Famous Larry Ellison very often said that a person can be either a merchant or the creator. Therefore, it is desirable as quickly as possible to understand who you actually have, and select partners so that they complement your abilities in another area. In this firm the creator was Royce. It was truly a brilliant engineer who designed lovely cars. Rolls sold them. One of the main secrets of the company's success was most likely exactly the fact that the creators of the company perfectly complemented each other.

Car Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost 1906.

In November 1904, Rolls-Royce introduced the world to the world's first two-cylinder creation and from now on began its victorious procession in the automotive market of Britain and other countries. Due to the victories on the races of the luxury "cars won the increasing success among the wealthy British, who in 1906 a new model Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost was presented. This car produced a real extension, but the most interesting was still ahead ...

A large influence on the activities of the company was a trip to the United States. And it was not only in excellent sales success. In the US, Royce met the brothers Wright. Aviation immediately mastered his heart. He became seriously involved in flights. Charles very quickly learned to control the aircraft. He even managed to become famous for the flight through La Mans.

This passion is very soon turned into a business. The company begins to engage in the production of aircraft, which is still doing very successfully. This direction of the company's activity helped to survive it during the First World War, when the demand for expensive cars sharply decreased.

But in 1910, the company was defeated. At 33, Charles Rolls crashed at airplane. From this time, the company fully passes to the ownership of Royce with all its problems.

At this time, the company's cars became very popular in sports. The heart of Europeans begin to own the race. Cars of firms become the main participants and winners of all major competitions. It is for these successes after a while Frederick Royce will become a knight.

In 1925, the light saw the Rolls-Royce Phantom I - an impressive and very expensive car equipped with a six-cylinder topless engine with a volume of 7668 cubic centimeters, obviously not approaching the chassis.

A total of 3463 such cars was released, and already in 1929, Phantom II came to replace Phantom I. This apparatus with an updated chassis developed speeds up to 120 km / h and was released until the appearance of Phantom III in 1935. The new phantom received a V-shaped 12-cylinder engine with the ability to achieve a speed of 148 km / h. He became last model Rolls-Royce released before the war, as well as the last of the line of cars, fully developed and manufactured by the company itself.

Meanwhile, in 1933, Rochs died. From now on, the history of the company begins without its founders.

What was the company Rolls-Royce?

The foundation of the brand was laid out Rolls and Royce. They have formed the basic principles of the company and made it known worldwide. But in our time, the cars of the company are not just a toy for a well-secured public. This is more. Now this car demonstrates the status of its owner, his chosenness.

It is clean english carintended for aristocracy. Such a car owned real cream of society. For example, Hollywood stars loved to be photographed against the background of their Rolls-Royce, thus providing additional free advertising for the company. There have been cases when the acquisition of such a car was considered as a sign of a bad taste. If you do not meet this car in the social hierarchy, it is better not to try to acquire it.

It should be noted that, among other things, cars of the company possess a truly amazing quality. All these cars were going to hand. All parts of the cars are brought to perfection. Best Rolls-Royce can be characterized by two words - the standard of quality.

Impeccable reputation helped Rolls-Royce survive the Great Depression of the 30s without loss. But,bentley. He fell into a very difficult position, her cases dramatically went to the decline, which led, ultimately, to bankruptcy. The leadership was thinking about the service of the tastelessness of furniture, which could be provided at their factories.
Therefore, in 1931, Rolls-Royce leadership decided to buy all its assets. Thanks to this, Bentley brand, producing sports cars, exists so far.

With the death of one of the founders, as well as with the beginning of World War II, Rolls-Royce significantly reduced the pace of car production. But in 1949, Rolls-Royce Silver Dawn was launched into the mass production of Rolls-Royce Silver Dawn, and a year later, another new car market was appeared - Silver Cloud.

Also in 1950, the release of Phantom IV, intended exclusively for members of the royal family and first persons of states. This car could develop speed up to 160 km / h, however, it was not worth it in this, but in the ability to go for a long time with a pedestrian speed during official ceremonies and at the same time not overheat, it became possible, thanks to a well-thought-out engine cooling system.

And in 1959 there was even more majestic and perfect. Phantom V, he had a characteristic Phantom car not too much space for the driver, but truly a huge and elegant space for aristocratic passengers.

1968 was marked for the company Rolls-Royce by the release of Phantom VI, the engine capacity of which by tradition was not declared, but the maximum speed equal to 180 km / h, said herself for himself. The car was produced exclusively in Limousine and Landol bodies. This Phantom model was removed from production only in 1992.

In the early 1970s, the Rolls-Royce company has comprehended the crisis, and in February 1971 she officially declared themselves bankrupt. However, the Government of Great Britain could not lose the pride of its auto industry and to save Rolls-Royce, invested about 250 million dollars.

And in the same year the company reappeared the release of cars. The first model, which appeared after the crisis, became Rolls-Royce Corniche - a first-class coupe-convertible, which lasted in the automotive market until 1995.

In 1975, the Rolls-Royce first launches a car into mass production, the body of which was completely designed by foreign designers from the Italian Bureau of PinInfarina. This car was Rolls-Royce Camague, equipped with an eight-cylinder V-shaped engine, an independent suspension and automatic transmission.

On Geneva automotive exhibition 1977 was first introduced four-door limousine Rolls-Royce Silver Wrait II. Following him, in 1982, two more models of the "silver series" appeared: Silver Spirit and Silver Spur. Rolls-Royce Silver Spur won its special popularity among wealthy Americans.

The International Salon in Frankfurt, held in September 1991, also did not cost without new on Rolls-Royce. The Park Ward model, intended only for executive purposes, was performed in the Limousine Body on 6-7 passenger seats.

In 1994, Rolls-Royce turned 90 years. This event she decided to mark the release of a limited series of cars a specially designed model Rolls-Royce Flying Spur. Such cars were released only 50 and all of them quickly separated worldwide.

The most prestigious model of the company became Rolls-Royce Silver Spur II Touring Limousine. The production of this brand does not exceed 25 per year, because such a luxury, worth about 300 thousand dollars, is available only for the real elite of society.

Rolls-Royce Silver Seraph, which appeared in 1998, became a fundamental innovation of the company, the development of which began in 1994. The year of release of this model coincided with the transition to the control over the company in the hands of the German concern BMW.

Brand Bentley, as well as automobile plants Cru moved to the Volkswagen Group concern.

In January 2003, there was a complete transition of the Rolls-Royce trademark to the property of the company BMW. In 2004, by the company's century, the current owners of the Germans, together with the British, released a model called the Rolls-Royce 100, which marked the round date.

The transition to another concern in no way prevented the development of the Rolls-Royce brand. He still keeps the leading position in its luxury car segment and continues to use unchanged popularity among Hollywood celebrities and aristocratic families of the whole world.

There is still a lot of legends around the history of Rolls-Royce, most of which are pure truth. Each assembled car is subject to tests in the form of two thousand kilometers of test run, and then again disassemble, each it is checked in a thoroughly checked and only after that the body color and final assembly occurs.

By the way, staining is carried out in 12 layers of nitrocracies, because Synthetics does not sensate the color depth, and each of the layers is polished before the next one will be applied. Each figure on the hood is also mandatory by the polishing procedure ... powder of grinding cherry bones.

And most importantly: Rolls-Royce is collected only in the UK. Still, because he is the real, purebred British aristocrat.

On the basis of the new Phantom in 2006, a model of a convertible called Drophead Coupe with an aluminum alloy body. The novelty received a corporate design, the suspension from the 7th generation "Phantom" (fully independent pneumatic active suspension) And the same 6.75-liter 453-strong engine.

In 2008, a new Phantom CoupeBuilt based on the concept of 101Ex. The serial novelty received the front racks made of polished aluminum, 21-inch wheels and a 453-strong motor, an aggregated 6-speed automatic transmission.

In the fall of 2009, the British automaker presented his new model Under the legendary name Ghost. Specifications The car is impressive: 12-cylinder gasoline engine with a volume of 6.6 liters and a capacity of 563 hp Allows you to overclock the car up to 100 km / h in 4.9 seconds. It is also worth mentioning 8-speed automatic box Transmissions and innovative suspension with adaptive shock absorbers.

The world premiere of the car Rolls-Royce Ghost, took place within the Shanghai Motor Show in 2011.

In the novelty, in comparison with the original 17 cm, the wheelbase is stretched. Another innovation is the possibility of ordering a glass panoramic roof.

The technical equipment of this car remains the same. Representatives of Rolls-Royce say that a novelty is designed for those who are the basic version of the Phantom car is too large.

Rolls-Royce cars to this day remain a symbol of elitism and exquisite taste. All company models pass 2000 mileage kilometers, then disassemble. All parts of the car have stigma workers who have been manufactured. These parts and nodes are carefully checked, the car body is painted, and the car is going again. The quality of cars of the brand is evidenced by the fact that 60% of all the cars issued to the present "on the go".

In general, it would be interesting to find out how much is the price approach, what kind of machine?

History of Rolls-Royce. Brand history: Rolls-Royce Machine Machine Rolls Royce

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