It is a pulse-inertial electric wheel, and is the most important invention of the Russian scientist Vasily Vasilyevich Shkondin, who devoted more than 20 years of his life to its creation and implementation in electric transport.
Recognition history
A journalist by education and an engineer by vocation, V. Shkondin set himself the task of creating a motor-wheel for a bicycle that would surpass all existing ones in terms of efficiency. In the 1980s, a working model of such a wheel was assembled. The electric wheel had a small size and weight, high torque ratings and, moreover, had only one rotating part. This invention can also be called revolutionary because Shkondin for the first time managed to establish the perfect balance between an electric wheel and a bicycle. Unfortunately, after he received the title of "Person of the Year" at the Brussels Salon of Inventions in 1990 and a gold medal for the model of an electric wheelchair he developed, as well as many awards at other foreign exhibitions and patents, the commercial interest in Russia in his motor-wheel nobody showed it. As a result of unsuccessful attempts to promote his brainchild in his homeland, in 1992 the author patented this invention in the USA, and continued to search for investors abroad. As a result, in the mid-90s, the assembly of electric bicycles from the Shkondin MK in Cyprus was established. But real recognition and success came only in 2003 - the company "Flintstone Technologies" (Great Britain) became interested in the invention and decided to finance the production of electric vehicles with this motor-wheel. To develop the project, the company "UltraMotors" was created, where V. Shkondin became technical director. In the same year, the domestic company Russian Technologies also acted as an investor, having invested an impressive amount in the project at that time. A year later, the company "CromptonGreaves" (India) began to produce motor-wheels separately and install them on bicycles, tricycles, scooters, electric forklifts and wheelchairs for the disabled.
Despite the fact that the inventor presents his invention as a motor-wheel that increases the capabilities of a bicycle, collector motor can be modified and used in other types of electrical engineering.
MK Shkondin device
The device of this motor-wheel is quite simple, like everything ingenious. It only has a few basic details. The main components are an outer rotor and an inner stator equipped with a circular magnetic drive. The stator has 11 pairs of magnets (composition - neodymium-iron-boron), which are spaced from each other at the same distance, thus creating 22 poles. The rotor separates the air space from the stator; 6 horseshoe-shaped electromagnets are installed on it. They are arranged in pairs and are shifted 120 degrees relative to each other.
A distribution manifold is located on the stator housing, on which conductive plates are located around the circumference. One more element of the motor-wheel is current collectors that can interact with collector plates. The action of the Shkondin electric motor is based on the principle of action of the forces of electromagnetic repulsion and attraction, which are observed in 
the process of interaction of stator magnets and rotor electromagnets. When an electromagnet passes between the axes of a neodymium magnet, the electromagnet is repelled from one magnet and attracted to another, following in the direction of motion. This electromagnetic effect causes the rim to rotate. When the electromagnet reaches the axis of the magnet, a de-energization occurs, since the current collector is located here. Such "pauses" provide savings in battery energy, since the engine does not receive power all the time, but only when necessary.
On the outside of the body of the electric motor there are holes for the spokes and connections to the bicycle wheel rim.
Advantages
The efficiency of the electric wheel is up to 94%! Shkondin provided that the rotor can be located both from the outer part of the stator and from the inner part. The shape of the engine structure can be not only wheel-shaped, but also cylindrical, due to which this electric motor can also be used for land transport, and for air, and even for space.
Among the advantages of MK Shkondin is not only light weight and affordable price... The wheel is easy to operate and has a performance much higher than a standard electric motor. For example, on a 300 W electric motor, flat road you can accelerate to 30 km / h without pedaling. A small number of parts provides the device with both high reliability and a cost price that is 2 times lower than that of other electric motors. The Shkondin electric wheel does not need an external control device, it is protected from moisture and dust, and practically does not heat up during operation. The recuperation function returns up to 180 W of energy to the battery.
The use of this motor-wheel has serious commercial advantages, it can significantly reduce the dependence of modern transport on raw materials and ensure its environmental friendliness. This device is incredibly viable and promising, and I want to believe that the future lies behind it, and not only for ground transport. By the way, the electric cars that were used during the Sochi Olympics were based on the Shkondin motor-wheels.
Motor - Shkondin wheel is a modification electric motor bases on the principle of operation of a linear accelerator. Disc plates are attached to the drive wheel axle. The axle, in turn, is fixed with a rotor wheel, on which permanent magnets are located around the perimeter. When rotating in a stator with fixed solenoids, short current pulses act on them, and an alternating magnetic field is created. The movement is controlled by a relay trigger that creates current pulses of the required strength and sequence. it electromechanical device, modestly named in the patent for it "Shkondin's trigger", as the inventor explains, "intercepts the unused parts of the impulses and drives them back into the battery." Due to this, a much smaller part of the initial battery charge is spent on heating the windings and other extraneous purposes, and the engine efficiency increases significantly.
An engine of this type was invented in the 80s by Yan Lvovich Kolchinsky, but he failed to introduce it into production, Vasily Shkondin continued the idea of \u200b\u200bsuch an engine and in 1991 he managed to patent it. The Shkondin engine has a number of drawbacks, such as, for example, poor thermal conditions, inconvenience of adjustment, but the designers are looking for ways to eliminate these drawbacks.
The main advantage of the Shkondin electric motor over simple electric motors is that vehicle on such a motor, it can cover a much greater distance than on a conventional electric motor with the same battery capacity. Also, the Shkondin engine is quite simple, it consists of only 5 nodes, for this reason it is much cheaper than simple e-mails. engines.
The video shows an interview with Vasily Shkondin to the NTV television company, in which he explains the principle of the engine and its advantages ...
In the next video, Vasily Shkondin demonstrates two electric bicycles, the first sample accelerates to 70 km / h, and the second can travel 100 km on one battery charge !!!
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Huge and thick 26 "rim, 4mm spokes like a motorcycle. Great option for heavy tricycles, pedicabs, fat-bikes ....
The set includes a controller (Polaris, 12 transistors, current up to 40 amperes, voltage up to 60 volts), if you want to buy without it, then the price is 3000 rubles cheaper!
A few words about Shkondin itself and the history of its invention: shkondin patent to the "Shkondin wheel motor". This is a wheel, in the center of which there is a collector motor. direct current:
At Shkondin, each winding is "by itself". In the picture we see 6 electromagnets (EM), they are combined into 3 pairs of diametrically opposite EMs. Each pair has their own brushes.
When the EM poles are opposite the magnets, then the force of their interaction is directed radially and there is no point in spending electricity on this force. Here is a "pause".
When the EMs have moved a little to the side, a tangential force arises, useful. Then we apply current to the windings.
Efficient use of "pauses" allows EMs to be supplied in "energy-advantageous" positions. This provides both energy savings and high torque.
In the patent, Shkondin directly indicates the essence of his invention: " ... which allows, due to the placement of permanent magnets on the rotor, to simplify the design, increase power and speed due to the higher current and improve the thermal regime.".
In other words, the main word in the invention is "simplify" management collector motor .
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Our engine "modern motor-wheel Shkondin", completely repeats the essence of the invention, but on modern level development of technology, when instead of a collector and brushes, modern microprocessor control through a controller is used.
Just like in the Shkondin wheel invented in 1984, here are the same three independent windings and in the same way, depending on the angle of rotation, one winding is always off!
Let us recall the scope of application of such a motor-wheel, in total there are two options:
1. If you want to drive very fast, you need to apply about 80-100 volts to the wheel.
2. If you want to drive very slowly, you need constant start-stop, uphill or very slow speed. Then 36-48 volts is enough and you can never overheat (or otherwise) break this motor-wheel.
But if you do not have 100 volts and if you do not need a constant "start-stop" .... then there is no point in buying this wheel either!
Much better suited for easy and even movement on asphalt
The essence of the invention: the motor-wheel contains an armature 2 fixed on a hollow axis with a magnetic circuit 3, on which two groups of electromagnets 4.1 and 4.2 are located. The inductor 5 is movably fixed on the axis 1 and has a magnetic circuit 6 with permanent magnets 7, evenly spaced with alternating polarities. On the rotor 5 there is a distribution manifold, which is uniformly spaced around the circumference on an insulating base, conductive insulated plates 9, 10, 11. Plates 9 and 10 are grouped through one into groups and respectively connected to each other. The ring contact is electrically connected to one group of plates 9, the other group 10 is connected through the housing to the first terminal of the source regulated voltage... The distribution manifold can be located both on the rotor and on the stator. As a result, an inverted design with permanent magnets on the rotor is realized, which allows, by placing permanent magnets on the rotor, to simplify the design, increase power and speed by supplying more current, and improve the thermal regime. 14 p.p. f-ly, 3 dwg
The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used as a motor-wheel for transport, road and other vehicles. Known motor-wheel, containing built-in wheel asynchronous electric car, while the stator with the magnetic circuit is fixedly fixed on the wheel axis, the stator magnetic elements are located on the stator magnetic circuit, the rotor is movably mounted along the wheel axis and has a magnetic circuit with short-circuited windings
The known wheel motor has a number of disadvantages: poor thermal conditions and control characteristics, high-voltage power supply, a complex control system, and others. Known is a wheel motor, which, due to the greatest similarity in technical essence and a common feature, is chosen as a prototype containing a rim, an axis, an electric drive with an electric motor and an adjustable voltage unit, the stator of the electric motor is rigidly fixed on the axis, a stator magnetic core with stator electromagnets formed coils placed on the cores connected to the stator magnetic circuit, or on the teeth of the stator magnetic circuit, the rotor of the electric motor with the rotor magnetic circuit, mounted on the wheel axis with the possibility of rotation relative to the stator and carrying the rim, the rotor magnetic elements are placed on the rotor magnetic circuit, facing the stator magnetic elements so that the magnetic elements of the stator and rotor have magnetic interaction, a distribution manifold, current collectors with at least two current collection elements.Its disadvantages are the complexity due to the placement of electromagnets on the rotor, insufficient power and speed due to the impossibility of supply high current into the rotor coils through the brushes, insufficiently good thermal conditions due to insufficient air cooling permanent magnets (since they are stationary). The purpose of the invention is to increase power and rotation speed, improve thermal conditions and increase reliability. FIG. 1 shows a motor-wheel with groups of electromagnets on the stator; in fig. 2 diagram of electrical components for energy recovery; in fig. 3 schematically the electrical connection. A wheel motor with groups of electromagnets on the stator and one annular contact contains an armature (stator) 2 fixed on a hollow axis 1 with a magnetic circuit 3, on which groups (two) electromagnets 4.1 and 4.2 are located. The inductor (rotor) 5 is movably fixed (on bearings, not shown) on the axis 1 and has a magnetic circuit 6 with permanent magnets 7, evenly spaced with alternating polarities. On the rotor 5 there is a distribution manifold, which is uniformly spaced around the circumference on an insulating base 8, conductive insulated plates 9, 10 and 11. Plates 9 and 10 are grouped through one into groups and, accordingly, are electrically connected to each other. Additional plates 11 are located between them (and may be non-conductive). The ring contact 12 is electrically connected to one group of plates 9, the other group 10 through the body is connected to the first terminal of the regulated voltage source 13. An additional current collector 14 is attached to the armature 2, the element 15 of which has an electrical contact with the ring contact 12 and is electrically connected to the other terminal of the block regulated voltage 13. On the armature 2, current collectors 16.1 and 16.2 of the groups of electromagnets are rigidly fixed, the elements of which 16.1.1, 16.1.2, 16.2.1 and 16.2.2 have electrical contact with the plates of the distribution manifold and are electrically connected to the terminals of the connections of the coils of the corresponding groups of electromagnets 4.1 and 4.2. Permanent magnets and electromagnets in groups are placed evenly with angular distances between their centers 360 ° / 8 45 °. The groups of electromagnets are displaced (in this case by 22.5 o) to ensure starting and smooth movement. The wheel motor works as follows. When the block of regulated voltage 13 is turned on, the voltage is supplied to plates 10 through the body and 9 through element 15 of the additional current collector 14 and ring contact 12. From plates 9 and 10, voltage is supplied to the group of electromagnets 4.1 through elements 16.1.1 and 16.1.2 of the current collector 16.1. Due to the electromagnetic forces of attraction and repulsion of permanent magnets and electromagnets, the inductor 5 comes into rotation. When the elements of the current collector 16.2 of another group of electromagnets are on plates 9 and 10, the electromagnets of the next group 4.2 begin to participate in the creation of the forces of electromagnetic interaction, and when the elements 16.1.1 and 16.1.2 are on additional plates 11, then only group 4.2 creates a torque. Thus, groups 4.1 and 4.2 alternately (and in one cycle together) create a torque, the magnitude of which (and, consequently, the speed) depends on the voltage of the source 13. To the above, it must be added that the angular distances between the current collection elements of one current collector is a multiple of an odd number for supplying to the terminals of the connection of the coils of electromagnets voltage from the unit 13. In this case, when the elements of one collector are in the middle of the plates 9 and 10, then the elements of the other in the middle 11, and vice versa;
The groups are shifted by an angular distance / 2, since there are two groups of electromagnets, with N groups, the shift is / N, and in the general case it can be arbitrary. Increasing the number of groups increases average power and decreases jerkiness;
It is advisable to choose an even number of magnets and, depending on the diameter, in the range of 20-36. In the motor-wheels, point by point:
2 of the formula, there are two ring contacts, which avoids electrical connection through the "housing";
4 formulas introduced additional opportunity recuperation due to the removal of energy from the intermediate sections introduced between sections 9 and 10. The designs of such motor-wheels differ from the previous designs by the complication of the distribution manifold. FIG. 2 shows a schematic drawing of a wheel motor with energy recovery. It additionally has a storage contact 17, located concentrically to contact 12, a storage current collector 18 with its element 19 having electrical contact with the output of the storage unit 20. In the middle of the plates 11 there are intermediate plates 21, isolated from them and grouped into two groups: one is connected to contacts 17, the other through the body with the second terminal of block 20. Recuperation is carried out as follows: when the current collection elements 16.2.1 and 16.2.2 are located on the intermediate plates 21 (Fig. 3), the electric circuit with the block 20 is closed, and due to the change in the magnetic flux in the cores of electromagnets, the EMF induced in their coils charges unit 20. Unit 20 is, in the simplest case, connected through diode bridge battery. Placing electromagnets in groups and permanent magnets around the circumference of the inductor evenly allows you to obtain maximum power... The choice of one or two ring (storage) contacts depends in each particular case on the possibility of electrical connection through the housing. The implementation of the inductor or armature with two magnetic circuits or the arrangement of magnetic elements on their two sides allows you to achieve an increase in power. Thus, the proposed invention provides a significant increase in power and increased reliability and allows you to create a new design of the motor-wheel.
CLAIM
1. MOTOR-WHEEL containing a rim, an axle, an electric drive, consisting of a source of adjustable voltage and an electric motor containing an inductor with permanent magnets located evenly on the surface of its magnetic circuit, an armature with a magnetic circuit and winding coils, which are located around the circumference of the magnetic circuit of at least one group and placed in groups so that the angular distance between the axes of any two coils is a multiple of the angular distance, while any two coils of the same group create oppositely directed magnetic fluxes if the angular distance between their axes is a multiple of an odd number a and equally directed if this distance is a multiple of an even number a, the groups of coils are displaced relative to each other in such a way that when the axes of the coils of at least one group coincide with the axes of the permanent magnets, the axes of the coils of at least one other group do not coincide with the axes of the permanent magnets, the current collectors for each group of coils of each with at least two element amy current collection, a distribution collector made with the possibility of angular displacement relative to permanent magnets and formed by insulated conductive main plates located around its circumference, electrically connected through one to each other, forming two groups of main plates, while the width of any current collection element is less than the distance between any two main plates, characterized in that, in order to improve the control properties, increase power and increase reliability, the electric motor inductor is fixed on the wheel rim, the armature is fixed on the wheel axis, the distribution manifold is located on the inductor, the current collectors are located on the armature, the permanent magnets are placed so that the angular distance between the axes of any two magnets is a multiple of the angular distance a while any two permanent magnets have opposite polarity, if the angular distance a is equal to an odd number, and the same if an even number, additional current collection is installed a microscope fixed to the armature and containing at least one current collector element and at least one ring contact fixed on the inductor and connected to the corresponding one group of the main plates of the distribution manifold, each of the current collection elements of each current collector is electrically connected to the corresponding one terminal of the winding coils, the other to the other their output, while when the axes of the winding coils of any one group are located in the middle between the axes of the corresponding permanent magnets, the current collection elements of the current collector corresponding to this group of coils have electrical contact with the main plates, which are electrically connected to different terminals of the regulated voltage source. 2. A wheel motor according to claim 1, characterized in that in the design of an electric motor with two annular contacts, the additional current collector contains two current collector elements electrically connected to different terminals of the regulated voltage source and installed with the possibility of electrical contact with the corresponding annular contact, each of which electrically connected to the corresponding one group of base plates. 3. A wheel motor according to claim 1, characterized in that in the design of an electric motor with one annular contact, the additional current collector contains one current collector element electrically connected to one of the terminals of the regulated voltage source and installed with the possibility of electrical contact with an annular contact electrically connected to one group of main plates, and the second group of main plates is electrically connected to the other terminal of the regulated voltage source. 4. A wheel motor according to claim 1 3, characterized in that a storage unit (battery), at least one storage contact made in the form of a conductive ring, a storage current collector with at least one current collector element and conductive intermediate plates are additionally introduced, each of which is located between two adjacent base plates, electrically connected through one to each other, forming two groups of intermediate plates. 5. The wheel motor according to claim 4, characterized in that in a design with one storage contact and one element of the storage current collector, the storage contact is placed on the inductor and is electrically connected to one group of intermediate plates, the second group of which is electrically connected to one terminal of the storage unit , the second terminal of which is electrically connected to the collector element of the storage current collector, located on the armature, having an electrical contact with the storage contact. 6. A wheel motor according to claim 4, characterized in that, in a design with two storage contacts and two storage current collector elements, the current collection elements of the storage current collector are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the storage unit and have electrical contact with the corresponding storage contacts located on the inductor and electrically connected to the corresponding groups of intermediate plates. 7. A wheel motor according to claim 4, characterized in that in a design with one storage contact and one element of the storage current collector, the storage contact is located on the armature and is electrically connected to one of the terminals of the storage unit, the second terminal of which is electrically connected to one group of intermediate plates, the second of which is electrically connected to an element of the storage current collector, located on the inductor, which has an electrical contact with the storage contact. 8. A wheel motor according to claim 4, characterized in that in a design with two storage contacts and two elements of a storage current collector, storage contacts are placed on the armature and are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals of the storage unit, the elements of the storage current collector have electrical contact with the corresponding storage contacts and electrically connected to the corresponding groups of intermediate plates. 9. A wheel motor according to claim 1 8, characterized in that the winding coils in any group are evenly spaced with alternating circumferential poles, while the angular distances between the axes of any two adjacent winding coils are equal to each other and equal to a, a \u003d 360 / m, where m is a natural even number equal to the number of coils. 10. The motor-wheel according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that the inductor is equipped with a second magnetic circuit with permanent magnets, a distribution collector and current collectors with current collection elements made, located and connected similarly to the main magnetic circuit, distribution collector and current collectors. 11. A wheel motor according to claim 1 10, characterized in that the winding coils are located on both sides of the armature magnetic circuit, the magnetic circuits of the inductor with current collectors are located on the sides of the armature magnetic circuit, the permanent magnets are located opposite the winding coils, and the magnetization axes of the permanent magnets are parallel to the wheel axis. 12. The motor-wheel according to claim 1-10, characterized in that the magnetic circuits of the inductor are located on the sides of the magnetic circuit of the armature, the permanent magnets are placed opposite the winding coils, and the axes of magnetization of the permanent magnets are parallel to the axis of the wheel. 13. A motor-wheel according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that the axes of magnetization of the permanent magnets are radial. 14. A wheel motor according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that the armature is equipped with at least one additional magnetic circuit with winding coils and current collectors, the inductor is equipped with at least two magnetic circuits with permanent magnets and current collectors, arranged and connected like the main armature and inductor. 15. A motor-wheel according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that the current collectors are made with the possibility of angular displacement relative to the winding coils.
On the very border of the Moscow region, beyond the Oka River, 80 kilometers from the Moscow Ring Road, there is a charming "science town" Pushchino. Seriously pompous - "science city" - it somehow does not suit him, just a little more than 20 thousand inhabitants. They, however, account for as many as 9 research institutes and the Radiophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences. And one inventor is Vasily Shkondin. Where genius is hiding We are waiting for Vasily Vasilyevich in the parking lot of the Protein Institute - there he rents premises for a laboratory workshop. "Frost and sun is a wonderful day." A fresh foreign minivan appears, with Shkondin himself driving. Invites you to follow him. We drive along the winding paths of the institute and finally we park on a tiny area in front of the back of some large one-story building that resembles a medium-sized workshop. We get to know each other - at first glance (and at the second, too) the inventor does not at all pull on born in 1941. The pre-prepared image of the “unrecognized genius” melts like a park in the wind. We are greeted and sniffed by a medium-sized hound. It can be seen from the eyes that he is not a puppy for a long time, a serious companion and he is Shkondin's first surprise. The inventor claims that the dog is 22 years old. He read the distrust on my face and called on the assistants as witnesses - as it turned out, he nailed to the workshop as a very small puppy in 1992, from the first day of the lease. I thought - maybe the institute is not engaged in research on the structure and functions of protein, but long ago decided the question of how to overcome old age? And Shkondin is suspiciously youthful and energetic ... Inside a small, no more than 100 sq. m, a room divided into three spaces, the atmosphere of a typical bike shop. Wherever you look - frames, wheels, scooters and a solid three-wheeled bike. Closely ... A huge antediluvian milling machine takes up a lot of space. And only after looking closely, you notice that the wheels are unusual - discs are installed inside the rims, outwardly something like film boxes. Testers, magnets and some other completely unfamiliar parts dominate on desktops. Technique on the verge of fantasy Weighty three-seater and three-wheeled rickshaw bike, with huge soft seats, a heavy frame, wide wheels and completely devoid of any fairings designed to save fuel and energy (shoe box aerodynamics, or even worse), on 14 liters of fuel able to overcome 1400 km without refueling - the merit of Shkondin's motor-wheels. Consumption - 1 liter per 100 kilometers. Big and powerful motor thrown away, installed a small and weak gasoline, which is designed to compensate for mechanical losses and recharge the batteries. The dynamics are brutal. It remains to create a structure with noble shapes, originally designed for the Shkondin's motor-wheels, and a revolution in the automobile industry will be inevitable. It was possible to test in practice not the newest and most "simple" development of Vasily Vasilyevich - a bicycle with a motor in the rear wheel and several batteries. Shkondin looked at me doubtfully, at the snow and ice, switched the engine to low speed (up to 40 km / h), instructed: - The brakes are normal, do not turn the pedals. Here is the throttle, like on a motorcycle. I perched on the saddle (minus 22 ° C, a thick sweater and sheepskin coat are not the most comfortable clothes for "running trials" of cycling equipment) and turned the throttle handle towards myself. With difficulty parried the desire of the great to stand on rear wheel and overturn the rider. From behind I hear Shkondin's scream: "Caution !!!" Desperately I brake - less than a meter is left to the brick wall ... Only then I realized, realized what power lurks in those Shkondinsky motor-wheels. I got used to it, made a few laps, dreamed - oh, I would have such a miracle - to cut across Moscow in the summer. Vasily Vasilyevich often flies on it to his dacha in the Tula region. It is not very far, a little over 30 kilometers. The advantage of its motor-wheels over all others is not only low weight, many times large distances of runs on small and completely ordinary acid batteries (he also showed ultra-modern batteries, they will be installed on new models), but also a colossal thrust, a moment of force expressed in newton meters (Nm). Uphill, like on imported electric bicycles, you don't need to pedal. Motor-wheels for bicycles and scooters at maximum electrical power, comparable to a compact coffee grinder, have a torque of up to 65 Nm - confirmed by tests at MPEI. For information: gasoline engine internal combustion subcompact car (the same "Zhiguli") this figure is 70 Nm. And the efficiency is 30%.
In the farm of the inventor Vasily Shkondin in the Pushchino science town near Moscow, everything is still the same. Himself - the embodiment of energy. Only the long-lived dog does not meet - he died at the 23rd year of life. He was replaced by the hefty "yard terrier" Fock, who took care of the inventor's workshop and with his bass constantly intervened in the conversation. Where are the Chinese against the Russian Lefty ... It seems that it has become even tighter on the legendary 100 sq. meters rented from the institute. Wheels, bicycles, scooters ... Plaster hangs from the ceiling like burdocks and periodically falls. Nearby, behind the wall, a room of 370 sq. meters, light, much more comfortable. But moving is akin to a fire, and on the desks of process engineers there is a wild heap of devices, diodes, magnets and many small parts. It's scary to touch - you won't find the ends. At the entrance to the laboratory workshop, there is a slightly gutted motorcycle scooter. Vasily Vasilyevich explains: - This electric motorcycle was brought from Shanghai, there it is a squeak of fashion. The maximum speed is not a motorcycle - 45 km / h, the range on a single charge is 45-50 km. We are now installing our own motor-wheel, it is 10 kg lighter, the current source remains the same - there is no point in remodeling, the apparatus is assembled and manufactured perfectly. As a result, we get a speed of over 80 km / h, the range has increased to 130 km. I had to put my own speedometer - the old, native, digitized up to 45 km / h. Mentally, looking at the electric motorcycle, licked his lips. With the Shkondin motor-wheel, this is no longer a toy, but a normal vehicle, and even firing from a traffic light to maximum speed in a matter of seconds. Very comfortable, low center of gravity is provided due to the proper placement of the batteries. Shkondin laughs: "You can put a bear in the circus, in the arena." They want to take the upgraded electric motorcycle back to China and demonstrate its new capabilities to the director of the manufacturer. I was worried: - They will copy, the Chinese are masters in this area! “No, they won't be able to do anything without us,” Shkondin soothes. Sadly something else, and Vasily Vasilyevich voiced the problem: - If we start to compete with them, then never mass production We will not bypass China.
We have the simplest aluminum casing of a bicycle motor-wheel turned on a machine at a price equal to a whole Chinese electric bike - fully equipped, with batteries and a motor. An ungainly electric bike got rid of the thoroughbred Germans. The electric motorcycle was taken out so that it would not interfere with rolling out the tricycle (three-wheeled vehicle) into the world and allowing the journalist to "grab" it along the long institute paths. The tricycle was made from an ordinary ATV, instead of two rear wheels fitted one motor-wheel, threw out the motorcycle engine and transmission (it is not needed!), installed the batteries. First, Vasily Shkondin saddled him - I photograph. Standing beside gray-haired master Volodya quietly, under his breath, mutters: "Well, to hell with him, you can kill ..." The device passes to me. Minus one wheel behind the stability has not added, you have to brake before turning, but on the straight - delight! Instant racing speed - just hold on. The designer explains that they made the tricycle to demonstrate the capabilities of large diameter wheels. In general, all of Shkondin's wheeled vehicles make you concentrate - a huge moment of "frail" motors, by the standards of internal combustion engines, requires gentle and careful handling of the handle or the gas pedal. The engine with a capacity of only 300 watts produced 70 newtons per meter at the stand - a thrust comparable to a motor of a small passenger car... History of disabilities In the 80s, Shkondin, having a diploma from the Faculty of Journalism of Moscow State University, worked as a director of a publishing house. And he earned money by organizing concerts of his friend, singer and composer Vladimir Miguli (which brought more). And he spent everything he earned on a dream - he created the most efficient motor in the world. Since childhood, a fanatic radio amateur made devices, served in the army at air defense radar stations. It is recognized that exactly design features The radars gave him the idea to create an "electromotive". He assures us that hundreds of models were born in the garage and in the kitchen, before the very first development ready for mass production - a self-propelled wheelchair - was embodied in hardware. But the time for implementation was unfortunate - 1990. Perestroika, meetings, the collapse of industry. This stroller is still on the move, traveled with the inventor all over the world, collected a whole mountain of medals and diplomas from the most prestigious exhibitions. In the early 90s, it was shown in the government of the Russian Federation. “Look, the tires are worn down to the cord, it is impossible to buy new ones, this size is not produced now,” explains Shkondin. I respectfully touch the “bald” rubber and ask: - Really, nobody needs a self-propelled wheelchair today? - Still as needed! Finally signed a contract, they will do it. It was this wheelchair (more precisely, his original electric wheels) that became the first in a series of inventions stolen from Shkondin. Then it was made by NPO Kompozit from Korolev. Shkondin came to the State Committee for Inventions - "What to do?" They were advised to urgently cede the license to the Americans. He gave in and earned 600 thousand dollars. For 1991, the amount is fantastic. The Americans refused to pay the money and offered real estate - they bought the inventor a house in Cyprus, an apartment in Moscow and a dacha not far from Yasnaya Polyana. They knew the situation in the country, they knew that cash could be snatched away. The overseas company is doing well now. Taking advantage of V. Shkondin's starting patent, they invested $ 90 million and produced 15,000 electric bikes for the US Army and 10,000 for the police. When on television they show American soldiers in full military gear rushing across the desert on electric lights, you should know that without Russian brains such a picture would have been impossible. Vasily Vasilyevich is familiar with this technique: - They have developed the first generation of my motor-wheels, especially their application. But I already have much more advanced and powerful designs. Now for our power structures prepared samples of electric bikes, only the Ministry of Internal Affairs will need about 10 thousand pieces. Motor wheels for them are being prepared for serial production at several factories. NASA's golden cage I ask Shkondin: "Is the engine speed limited?" - In theory, yes. But in practice, what we have is enough. For example, we are now making a car wheel. It requires, say, 1600 rpm, the speed of the car in this case will be about 190 km / h - nonsense. The McLaren group addressed - they need 400-460 km / h. No problem, that's about 2500 rpm of the wheel motor. Czech businessmen dream of getting their hands on the technologies of Vasily Shkondin. They persuade: “Whenever you come to us, you won't want to work anywhere else. There will be a laboratory and whatever you want. We will agree on the price! " The Slavic brothers felt the opportunity to wipe their nose to the whole world. For the Czechs, the industry has significantly subsided over the post-Soviet years, the owners of enterprises have mainly become german concerns... A couple of months ago I brought my new outwardly unprepossessing electric bike to Germany, on a wretched Chinese frame - the main thing is a motor-wheel. The Germans looked, laughed, offered to compete with their "coolest" models from "Audi". After the first "arrival" of the Russian miracle, the Germans abandoned the comparison competition and immediately offered Shkondin a contract for $ 6 million. In my presence, Shkondin received a phone call from the United States with persuasion: "Come, we will make a motor-wheel for the rover, the money is colossal." Refuses: “I understand - prestigious, interesting. But I am 72 years old, and I do not want to be confined to one thing, ideas are still seething. " Explains already to me: - I do not want to get into the "golden cage". Here I am a free man. NASA won't let you do anything else. What didn't I see there? I don't like America. Knowing my passion for fishing, they offer a yacht and go out to sea for tuna, they say: "Then you, Vasily, will change your position." I will not change. You need to do your own, domestic. Russia has everything for this. In the defense industry, there are super-strong magnets, not like the Chinese ones I work with. There is room for development. Promising direction - Turboprop aircraft engine aircraft engine make sure to reduce the speed of the gearbox - the speed of rotation of the turbine is about 10 thousand rpm. The propeller, or propfan, is effective in the range of revolutions from 1 to 2 thousand per minute. The rotational speed of the main rotor of the helicopter is even lower, up to a maximum of 700. The Shkondin engine just falls into this niche, giving out huge torque practically from a standstill without any gearboxes. It can be the ideal propulsion system for many aircraft. The helicopter pilots have already "sniffed out" about this and visited the inventor. The benefit is fuel efficiency, even if you have to use a traditional power plant to recharge the batteries and power the Shkondin engine. Yes, traditional, but ten times less power than is required today to lift an apparatus heavier than air into the sky. We would not "sleep through" a promising direction. Under the roof of Airbus (Airbus), AeroComposite Saintonge is already finalizing and testing the E-Fan electric aircraft. This is a two-seater aircraft from composite materials, over half a ton in weight, equipped with a pair of electric motors with a total power of 60 kW and two lithium-polymer rechargeable batteries... Flight time on one charge is 1 hour. A 4-seater version with a hybrid propulsion system is being developed, which will be able to stay aloft for 3-4 hours. Fortunately, European aircraft manufacturers are not familiar with V. Shkondin's technologies. He is confident that two motors of his design, 10 kW each, will easily pull a 4-seater aircraft. Install propellers instead of rims and tires - and the transmitted force will correspond gasoline engine with a capacity of about 300 liters. from. Everything has been counted, it's just that the inventor and his team have not gotten their hands on this topic yet. But here it should already "smell" of government funding or participation of a fairly large enterprise familiar with aviation technologies and interested in creating power plants a new type. Then there will be a chance to wipe the nose of arrogant Europe and the rest of the world. But no one saw the walkers from the United Engine Corporation (UEC) visiting Vasily Shkondin.
