Installation of a children's chair: Fastening and installation scheme, models, features and reviews. Car seats and armchairs

Going to the family car trip Parents are simply obliged to worry about child safety. In many countries mandatory condition Transportation of children in auto is the presence of a specialized chair. But the point is not even in compliance with traffic rules. Health, safety and comfort of the child, in this case, above all.

A little acquired good device. It is still necessary and consolidated correctly. Installation of a children's chair - the case is quite difficult. Depending on the model, the year of release, the systems of fasteners and other parameters of the car seat have many differences. Of course, the easiest way to seek help from specialists. And you can carefully examine the rules for installing a children's chair and perform work yourself.

Why need a chair for a child

The world around us every year is moving faster and faster. Children from the very first days of life become his active researchers. Secure transportation of a child in a car - care of responsible parents.

The installation of a child's chair in a car takes quite a bit of time. However, such a step will save your baby from many dangers. Convenient design, specially designed with the size of a child, built-in additional seat belts, a comfortable headrest - all this will protect the baby in case of accident.

When creating manufacturers are focused not only on the comfort of the baby, but also for the convenience for parents. The installation of a children's chair to the vehicle must be performed simply and quickly, without effort. It is also easy to remove the upholstery. In this case, it can be sized, providing a child necessary level hygiene.

You need to use right from the birth of crumbs. For this are provided special devices. Some parents argue that best defense The child gets in the event that when moving on his hands at mom. This error can cost baby health, and even life. The fact is that with a sudden encounter, the weight of the child's body instantly increases 20-25 times. Therefore, even if your crumble weighs only 4-5 kg, at the time of the accident at my mother in the hands will be at least 80, or even 120 kg. Hold this weight is almost unrealistic. Therefore, the installation of a children's chair is not just a whim of traffic police officers, but a vital necessity.

Pluses of a child seat

The main advantages of the car seat:

  • hold a child from chaotic movements by car salon;
  • the baby is reliably and do not allow him to be injured at the time of the accident or sharp braking;
  • allow the driver to not be distracted by driving a vehicle;
  • allow the rest of the passengers to free their hands and ensure their own security;
  • easy to install and do not require special skills;
  • have small sizes and do not occupy a lot of place in the car;
  • ensure the fine and unnecessary questions when communicating with the road police.

Cons of car seats

However, these devices have disadvantages:

  • children, especially small, not too love to limit the movement;
  • require the selection, taking into account age, weight and growth of the child;
  • need to frequent replacementbecause the child grows fast enough;
  • some models of seats require a special attachment in the car;
  • truly high-quality car chairs For children, it is expensive, and taking into account the fact that they will have to change them several times, buying and falls out of the category of budget.

What are children's car seats

The installation of a children's chair in the back seat is not so complex. It is important to choose such a device that will suit your baby by age, weight and other indicators. There are several types of car seats. For convenience, they are clearly divided into several groups.

Group "0". Such devices are used for the smallest passengers, weighing up to 11 kg. They are a special cradle equipped with additional safety belts, with which the device is attached to the back seat. Autolo equipment is equipped additional protection For the baby's head, and before the start of the movement, it should be fastened with special durable, but flexible belts.

Group "0+". Such a device looks like a bowl and is intended for the transport of passengers weighing up to 15 kg. Most often, these models are incredibly functional. They are used as a car seat, rocking chair for baby, chair or cradle. And if you put such a device on the wheels, it turns out a full stroller. For the convenience of transporting the car seat "0+" is equipped with a strong handle. Install it on the seat against the movement of the car.

Group "0 / + 1". This car seat is used to transport children weighing up to 17 kg and age up to 3.5 years. While the child is small, it is installed on the contrary, as the previous option. For the baby older age, the chair is allowed to flip and fasten along the movement of the machine.

Group "1". This option is used for kids who can confidently sit on their own, from 10 months to 3.5-4 years. There is a rigid base, backrest with adjustments, durable seat belts. So that the child missed on the road, many models are equipped with a desktop, you can place toys. The weight of the kid who can keep such a model from 8 to 17 kg.

Group "2". The chair can be used until the five-year-old age. It can withstand weight up to 24 kg. However, it is important to take into account the individual sizes of the child. This is especially important during the cold season, when the child is reliably "packed" into a warm jumpsuit. A large child can be just closely, while relatively small baby will fall deeply in the seat.

Group "2/3". This is a fairly universal option. Suitable for children from 5 to 13 years, weighing up to 38 kg and growth of up to 160 cm. Not internal, but outdoor seat belts are already present here, and the back has a light anatomical slope. A feature of such models is a unstable booster - special seatwhich can be used separately for older children.

Group "3". Such a model does not have a backrest and headrest and consists only of booster. Looks like an ordinary pillow with armrests. Such a car seat can be used not earlier than the weight of the child will reach 23-25 \u200b\u200bkg.

Group "1/2/3". The most versatile model that can transform as the child grows. Such devices are most expensive. However, the equipment is most complete. it excellent option For a child who is growing rapidly and has already come out of one group, but it is not Doros to another.

By the way, choosing a chair for a child, make sure the model is intended for the car. The installation of a children's chair on a bike is performed completely differently. Yes, and models vary greatly.

Options for fasteners

After the model is determined, the installation of a children's chair in the car begins. The location of the attachments and the sequence of actions is most often described in the instructions. There are 4 main varieties of car seat fastening systems for kids.

1. Fastening with regular car belts. This type of installation is suitable for almost all vehicles. The only nuance: Before buying a chair, it is important to make sure that the lengths of their own belts are enough to reliably fix the device in the cabin. If this is not the case, you need to contact the service where the belts can "increase" or notice for longer.

General instructions in this case can not be given. Depending on the model, the device can have different most often, belts guides have special pointers or crib signs. With their help, it is enough just to figure it out in the installation.

It is very important to carefully comply with the instructions and not allow self-jet. It is also necessary to closely make sure that the seat belts do not twist and not crushed. If you though you changed the angle of inclination of the seat back, it is important to adjust the position of the children's car seat.

2. Fastening with a rigid fixed base. The installation of a children's chair in the back seat will be as simple as possible if the model has a removable top and a special base. The latter is usually attached to the seat. It is enough once to firmly fix the database in accordance with the instructions, and the process of installing a children's chair will take at least time. It is enough just to snap it into special grooves.

A tight base car seat has a few more advantages. First, many of them have a special metal arc, with which the chair additionally relies on the back of the car seat. Secondly, there is often another level of security - a special leg for fixing in the floor of the car. This gives the design additional rigidity and stability.

3. Automatic fastening system ISOFIX. This method of fixing was designed specifically to simplify the installation of a children's chair to the back seat of the machine. It is all that most foreign cars are equipped.

Between the seat and back of the rear passenger sofa, special metal brackets are installed, which are rigidly attached to the body of the machine. At the bottom of the children's armchair there is a response part equipped with special locks. To install a children's armchair, it is enough to simply combine both parts of the mechanism and push them to a characteristic click.

Despite incredible convenience, such a system has several flaws. First of all, the rigid fastening contributes to the transmission of the vibration of the car body on the child's chair. In addition, it is possible to establish such a chair only in those brands of cars that are equipped with special loos. Well, the last detail of the car seat with the ISOFIX fastening system is quite a lot.

4. SURELATCH mounting system. This system is designed to minimize ISOFIX disadvantages. It also uses hard brackets installed on the car body. But the counter mount to them is made in the form of special straps. For forest sustainability, the third point of the support is provided. From the top of the backrest of a children's chair, a fixing fastening belt departs, which is attached to the bracket on the machine body or the back of the backrest of an adult seat.

Such a system does not allow to transmit vibration to child assets and provides additional depreciation. Belts are equipped with inertial tensioners. This allows you to fix the car seat without a regular fit of the belt length.

How to place a chair with the greatest security

The correct and safe installation of a children's chair depends on where to fix the device. There are several options:

1. On the right side of the rear sofa, behind the passenger. This place is considered fairly safe. According to statistics, less strikes occur into this part of the car in the event of an accident. It is located in the opposite corner from counter Strip cars. For the convenience of communication with the child it is better to fasten an extra mirror. In the main mirror of the rear view, the baby will not work.

The rear right place is also convenient than the fact that the landing / landing of a child in this case will be made from the sidewalk, and not with the roadway. This is an additional security factor.

2. On the left side of the rear sofa, for the driver. The installation of a children's chair in the back seat behind the driver's back was considered the most secure. It is believed that in the event of an accident, the driver will automatically display itself from under the blow, and, therefore, the child will not suffer. With this location behind the kid, it is convenient to observe using the traditional rearview mirror.

If the child's chair is placed behind the driver, the passenger sitting in front will be able to easily reach it if necessary. But if the driver is with a child one on one, then, in case of needing to reach the baby, he will not be able to do this. In addition, landing / disembarkation little passenger It will go straight from the roadway, and this is not always safe.

3. In the back seat, in the middle. This option today is recognized as optimal. According to the latest research data generated by the University of Buffalo, this situation of the child's chair is 16% safer than the rest. Whatever the parties followed, this place is located in the "uninforced" zone. Consequently, the child will suffer the least.

4. Side. Special type of installation have autolo. Manufacturers recommend placing them on rear seat, and the headboard must be in the middle of the car. That is, the child will be perpendicular to the move of the vehicle, legs to the door.

Can I put an armchair in the front seat

If the mother is driving, then in special cases it is permissible to place the cradle on front seat. At the same time, the installation of a children's chair in the course of the movement is prohibited.

It is important to weigh everything "for" and "against". Experts believe that the front passenger chair is the most dangerous place in car. After all, in the event of an accident, the driver instinctively tries to leave from under the blow and the right side of the car receives the greatest damage.

If there are no other installation options, specialists are recommended to turn off the right airbag. When triggered, she can hit the car seat and harm the child. In addition, it is recommended to push the front armchair back to the maximum possible distance.

In the course or against?

Parents are important to remember the rule: children under 1 should ride in a car solely back forward. This is due to the fact that the head of a small child is quite big and weighs a lot. In this case, the cervical vertebrae is still quite weak and in the case of sharp braking may not cope with the load.

Older children can ride face ahead.

Installation steps: Instructions

Each model is probably equipped with an instruction for installing a children's chair. If you carefully examine it, there should be no problems with the placement of kindergarten in the car. However, there is general principlesthat will help cope with the task.

Here is a small installation scheme of a children's chair with a traditional belt mount:

  1. Before starting work, as much as possible forward the front armor. So you free up more space and work will be more convenient.
  2. Place the car seat to the selected place. Take the locking belt and stretch it strictly according to the planned area. Use prompts located on the chair itself if they are.
  3. Making an effort to tighten the safety belt as much as possible.
  4. Make sure the strap shoulder area is also fastened.
  5. Watch that the belt passes exactly as indicated in the instructions. Do not let him contact with other details of the chair. With a sharp braking, the fastening may not withstand friction and spontaneously unbutton.
  6. Secure the locking belt in such a way that it is on the middle of the shoulder of the small passenger. If you fasten it too high, it will shift to the neck area and will become an additional threat. If you fix the scope of the retainer too low, it just crasles off the baby's shoulder and will lose its effectiveness.
  7. At the end of the work, pull the car seats. It is important to make sure that it is fixed firmly. However, a small backlash is allowed.
  8. Let's satisfy the baby in the chair and fasten it tightly. Make sure that the seat belts do not twist and not slip. Do not fasten too tight. Between the body of the child and the belt should be placed 1-2 fingers.
  9. If a baby car seat It has an additional fastening in the form of top straps, lift the headrest, impose it into a special bracket and secure on the back of an adult seat or on the car body.

AT modern car The seat is quite complicated technical system. Everything is done to ensure comfort and safety for passengers and the driver, without increasing the cost of the design. The shape of the elements of seats and materials from which these elements are made may vary. At the same time, the design scheme does not change for the last 20-30 years.

The car seat consists of several main elements: frame, flat springs and pillow material. As a pillow filler, a foam rubber is usually used, although more modern decision is the use of porous rubber. The frame is often manufactured from steel pipes, but here also options (fiberglass, aluminum, etc.) are also possible. Consider the main directions to improve the design of automotive seats.

Innovation

It turns out that flat steel springs can be replaced by elastic ribbons. In this case, we get a smaller load on the porous material. Ribbons that replace springs are made of special rubber or rubberizing. The second option, by the way, is the most modern. The base of the seat can generally be done hard by setting down the extruded steel frame below. But in the passenger car, such a seat must necessarily be telessen, that is, installed on the springs.

The use of porous rubber allows you to make a seat pillow, which will rely on steel bars, and not on elastic items. Such a seat does not creak, and the whole design is obtained very durable. Nevertheless, the most affordable material remains foam rubber, so most manufacturers continue to use it.

Development prospects

It is possible that in the future the "smart" seats will appear, the form of which will adapt under the figure of the passenger. But the creation of such seats does not imply the use of hundreds of mechanical parts and dozens of adjustable elements. Mainly, the design possibilities will be based on the use of "pneumocarners": the cavity equipped with a frame can be filled with air under pressure.

© Volvo Trucks.

The driver's workplace in modern trucks and buses compared to the previous one becomes more comfortable and comfortable. At the same time, one of the key roles in improving the interior is given to the seats that have recently significantly expanded their functionality in terms of reducing fatigue and improve the convenience of work. The trend characteristic of the driver's seat top-class is a binding to electronic car safety systems.

© Michael Ozherevyev

Seat - Key element of the internal equipment of the cab. From its design and style, innovation and technologies, functionality and comfort depends a lot. For example, if you consider that the average working time of the professional driver for the week is about 60 hours and 45 of them driving, it can be said that the increased comfort in the workplace is not only a pleasant wishes of the employee. For the degree of its fatigue or vigor, the forwarder, customer and all participants in the movement also won. That is why the driver's seats have always differed from the passenger wider arsenal of settings and adjustments. And today, depending on the designation of the vehicle (long-distance transportation, internal distribution or work on construction sites), the customer is increasingly proposed by various options for execution of the workplace.

Design

© Michael Ozherevyev

Modern standards that meet the requirements of drivers to ergonomics and convenience of seats include a number of key points. This is primarily the possibility of individual regulation, the use of the pillow and the backs of a special form and the ability to damping vibrations. The most important differences between constructive versions Seats are in the appliance device. On this basis, the driver's seats are customary to divide into three groups: static, with mechanical subressing and with a pneumatic suspension. By the way, numerous studies of scientists have established that fluctuations that transmitted to man when driving in a car have a negative impact on the body, contributing not only to nervous fatigue, but also the development of serious neurological diseases. In order to minimize the influence of vibrations, various damping mechanisms began to be used in the construction of the cabins and seats in the early 1970s.
The classic non-volatile seat can be considered a device in which the role of the elastic element performs a plate torsion that connects the moving and stationary part of the mechanism, and the role of the resulting device is a hydraulic shock absorber. The guide knot in such a suspension serves as a lever system that resembles a scissor lift scheme. The seat snap-in provides for the possibility of changing the elastic qualities of the Torsion depending on the driver's weight. The hardness controller can be made in the form of a miniature handle or in the form of an elegant plastic flywheel with a load scale in kilograms. The first option is found on the cars of the KAMAZ family, and the second was distributed in products of foreign car industry. The main advantage of mechanical suspension is the simplicity of design and low cost, but in efficiency, the steel spring is inferior pneumatic subressing.

© Michael Ozherevyev

A pneumatic closure, compressed in combination with a gas-filled shock absorber (sometimes adjustable), allows you to bring the frequency of own oscillations of the undercorns to 1.0 Hz. It is this magnitude that is considered the most familiar from a physiological point of view for a person. In modern designs, the control valve is responsible for the reference valve, which in its functionality is similar to the pneumatic suspension regulator on the chassis. Structurally, the valve is a miniature telescopic cylinder associated with a thrust and levers with a movable part of the seat. Pneumatic valve control is carried out from the two-position keys, which makes it possible not only to set the seat cushion to a certain height, but also pick up the rigidity according to the weight of the driver. With the adjustment key, the air blending button is usually adjacent, which allows you to quickly lower the seat to the lower position, for example, for more convenient input or output. If an indispensable condition for the introduction of air seats was the presence of pneumatic system in the car, now the lack of air is not a problem. Today offers autonomous designs. Let's say some models produced by the Turkish company Pilot, in the base version are completed with a miniature electrocompressor that is fed from on-board network 12 or 24 V. voltage in particular, such seats are found in tuning versions of minibuses.


© Michael Ozherevyev

In addition to adjusting the height, the main attribute of the driver's workplace is necessarily the possibility of adjustment in the longitudinal direction and on the corner of the backrest. The longitudinal adjustment mechanism is a system of salazzo and sliders, as well as a lock that allows you to securely fix the seat in the desired position. In turn, the device adjusting the angle of the back of the back relative to the pillow includes a mechanical latch released when turning the side lever. The backlord adjustment range is usually about fifteen degrees ahead and sixty back relative to the nominal position.

© Michael Ozherevyev

To ensure the requirements passive security and improving the comfort of the backrest of driver's seats is supplied with adjustable head restraints. And at the bottom of the most modern products have a loaf support device, which can adapt to the individual characteristics of the driver's physique. Rear support typically includes one or more airbags with separate adjustments.


© Michael Ozherevyev

A number of well-known foreign manufacturers have recently supplemented the range of seats manufactured by electrified modifications. In this case, a number of main adjustments (longitudinal movement, the tilt of the back and pillow) is performed using a servo-gearbox motor. Among other things, the height adjustment is automated - for this function respond electromagnetic valves. Increased energy transport is complemented by a three-step heating system.

Market news

Today, the development and production of driver's seats is highlighted as a separate direction of autocomponent business. The largest global manufacturers practice an integrated approach to the development of seats. This means that their activities covers all stages of development, production and supply - from design, threads, fabrics, covers to the finished product. Modern market trends can be traced on some new products.


© Michael Ozherevyev


© Michael Ozherevyev

One of the world leaders in the production of seats - german company ISRINGHAUSEN, currently in its production program, more than 20 models for trucks and buses, recently brought to the market. new Product - Model NGS (New Global Seat). The seat intended for installation in the top models of trucks is connected to the car's pneumatic system, as well as to the onboard network of a voltage of 24 V. An important feature of the novelty is its electronic binding to the main on-board systems. Through the CAN bus, the seat control unit can exchange information with different electronic vehicles, and thus it is possible to expand security and comfort functions. For example, after identifying the driver, an automatic adjustment of the seat is possible through an electronic tachograph card in accordance with previously programmed adjustments. Next, during the movement, the vibromotors built into the pillow and the back can assist the warning signals about the impairment of the movement of the movement. And after the notch of the key, the seat will not only automatically drop into the lower position, but will move back, facilitating the output.

© Michael Ozherevyev


© Michael Ozherevyev

Development and manufacture of driver's seats for different species Transportation and concern Grammer AG. For trucks and buses, this manufacturer offers an integer gamut modern models: Kingman, Linea and Tourea. The standard package of equipping these products includes the so-called active climate system. The innovation used in the upholstery material helps to preserve the feelings of comfort in the heat, and in cold weather the driver can use the heating system. For special conditions Operating Commercial Technology, for example on dirt roads or construction sites, Grammer offers seats with a low-frequency subressing system. Included in the system electronic sensors The acceleration of moving parts is recorded and the rigidity of the mechanism is adjusted for the fraction of a second. According to the information provided by the manufacturer, the vertical accelerations in such a system are reduced by more than 20% compared with traditional pneumatic designs.

Famous market players in the development and supply of driver's seats is the Swedish company BE-GE and the already mentioned Pilot company. At the exhibition "Komtrans-2010", the manufacturer from Bursa presented the X TREAM model. Among the features of the new armchair, adjustment of the stiffness of the shock absorber, adjustment of the tilt of the pillow, and pneumatic support for the lumbar region.

In our country, the production of car seats of various purposes is engaged in the Russian-Korean joint venture "Davon Sollers Elabuga", as well as a number of multi-public domestic enterprises, among which RIAT OJSC (Naberezhnye Chelny) and NPP "Mehinstrument" (Pavlovo-Oka).


© Michael Ozherevyev

"Tools" from the Nizhny Novgorod region recently brought the driver's seat SV-1 with an adaptive pneumatic subressing system. Raisin novelties - pneumatic elastic element, which is own development manufacturer. The detail resembles a multisective pneumatic closer, but non-tires are used as a material, but a fibrous polymer. Smooth adjustment of the rigidity of the air spring is performed using a miniature pneumatic tuctor. It is possible that in the future the seats of such a design will be equipped with the products of the groove, liaza and kamaz. In the meantime, the novelty is offered for re-equipment of vehicles in operation.

All of the above world of driver's seats is not limited. In modern commercial machinery, you can find products and other famous brands With its original designs, including computer control. For the future, it can be assumed that the flow of innovation in this market sector will not cease. This will be facilitated by tightening safety requirements.

The question of how we sit in cars, deserves serious attention. Since the invention of the car in the XIX century, a lot of time has passed, then there were no springs in the seats, and the lining was not so thick. As a result, a person felt every irregularity on the road. Today's seats provide much more convenience.

With lined and belts, modern seats have become a real comfort zone. Components are manufactured separately and delivered to this plant for assembly. They come on the basis of the needs of the production process, which leads to the absence of large warehouse stocks. Delivery of parts is constantly, because there are 400 different types Seats.

Details are brought to the conveyor exactly when they are needed there. On this assembly line 60 workers and each of their functions. They get and scan the assembly card for every detail. This allows the centerpiece to track the flow of parts and ensure the use of the desired parts to build the desired seating type.

The operator inserts the heating element with its wires into the seating pillow. It freely puts the fabric coating over the element and fastens it with a wire. Then the seat passes to another area, where the operator completes the grip process. Every worker has only 88 seconds to perform their operation, so there is no time to sit here.

The heating element is inserted into the back of the seating and close it. Airbag is inserted into a special sleeve. These seats are completed with springs that are attached to the frame to support the lower back. The pillow is assigned to the spring-loaded frame and tighten the cords. All folds are reclining - this is called finishing. And then insert the headrest.

Now they are accepted for the lower frame. It is supplied with a mechanism regulating the height of the seating. Next, electrical connections follow. Then they fasten the lower frame to the spinal cushion.

Next, the installation of the tension mechanism that establishes proper position Safety belt, and then connecting a set of electrocallers. Install the bottom pillow and the spinning spring. Plastic sidewall gives the design elegant look.

It is time to spend the test drive of this seating. They connect the source of energy and check in the working state of the Airbag and the seat heater. They smooth iron all the folds, as the tanning will return all the seats that look imaginably. The seat is folded and lay out to make sure the adjustment system is correct.

Rear seats are collected by the same technology. Here each employee has only 88 seconds to perform their operation. In the amount of the assembly of one seating takes 62 minutes.

Before sending to the car factory, they take pictures of each seat for the production protocol - this is proof that the products left the plant in perfect condition.

Now on these seats can be traveled to the road. Seats are fixed to the transport pallets and ship them to the trailer for 60 seats immediately. They will be delivered to the Avtozavoda at the moment when the cars for which they are intended to go from the conveyor. As soon as they are installed, you will only stay back to the seat, fasten and enjoy the trip.

The lack of a regular back is that only three springs are installed inside it, which are not capable of providing the necessary focus to the driver's spine. To refine the back will have to disassemble the seats (see the explanatory sub-standard).

If you install additional springs in the back of the seats (there are six total), then you will not notice special improvements, the springs itself is non-optimal. In order for the spine to be comfortably needed by a firm support, so as a result was the most simple designIn which the upper part of the back is closed with a piece of iron (by the way, a piece of plastic is installed on newest seats in this place), and the lower part of the back is closed with plywood or fiberboard. Springs can be left or dismantled, no matter.

By the way, similar to the help of a piece of plywood, you can solve the problem with seats.

Side Side Support

Unlike VAZ on foreign sides with lateral support. To add / enlarge lateral support, you can enroll as follows. Thick foam rubber cuts the desired shape and is installed in the sides of the seats (if desired, an additional foam rubber can be used and for the back). The form and size is selected individually, depending on the size of the driver.
Bitoplast can also be used as side support (sound-absorbing material, which is used with noise insulation) with a thickness of 10mm. The pieces of this material are cut out the desired form, and then glued on the metal sidewalls of the seat.

As for the seat (the lower part of the seat), then we do similarly. However, the load on the material in this place is much larger, and that the seat holds the shape and not slipped to the side at the plant in the pillow installed one needle (transverse, in the figure it is red). If you look closely, you can see that there are cavities in the frame and for longitudinal spokes, but they are not installed (in the image of green). It feels like the factory knew that the seats of the VAZ would be refined independently.


To install these two additional stretching, it will be necessary to find a carrier wire with a thickness of 2-3 mm. Then:
  1. Install two spokes in the middle of the thickness of the foam rubber, under the cavities. They will be the basis of fastening. (In fig. Lower red)
  2. Install six rings for communication (green).
  3. Install the removable needle with curved ears (they are for communication with the transverse needle), 2-3 cm. In short, the length of the cavity.
  4. Seat assembly, and the top needles after the assembly should be tightly lying on the foam rubber.

Add or strengthen the side support of the seats is not only for the back, but also for the head. The familiar, regular headrest seats can be converted by changing it. To do this, it will be necessary to disassemble it to the iron frame. Form a new skeleton using plastic PVC panels and mounting foam. So that the upholstery of the seats did not suffer, shrink it with a scotch. After the foam freezes, process it with a knife, giving the right shape. Now the foam rubber will be required, which should be seduced by our headrest.

In conclusion, we dress covers that were made with your own hands on a new seen shape:

Conclusion

If the regular shape of the seats VAZ does not suit you, then you can always try to change it. Do not make side backups too large, otherwise the regular covers will not be taken, and will have to