It is a mandatory element of the car's salon. It is intended to reduce the likelihood of injury during the accident. rules road Indicate the obligation to apply this device. Therefore, if for some reason I broke, it must be fixed in urgent order. It can be done with your own hands.
If you can make a number of actions that will help to quickly solve this problem. Experienced auto mechanics are ready to give several tips, how to correctly eliminate breakdown. It will be possible to avoid visiting the car service and additional costs.
If the belt does not get out of the nest, most likely he sworn. To eliminate the problem, it is necessary to understand the principle of this element of the car. With such a breakdown, the probability is great that the blocking mechanism works incorrectly. Sometimes the belt may not be pulled out after an accident. There is a special technology how to eliminate similar breakdowns.
First of all, it should be understood by safety belt teach. Inside the mechanism of the block, there is a special element that is responsible for fixing. It has the appearance of a ball that moves through the lever. At the same time, he clings to the gears of coils.
Reacts to too fast stretching, while blocking the ball. It is in this system that problems can manifest themselves. In this case, the belt may not be pulled out or, on the contrary, fix in the fastened position.
Causes of malfunction
There are several main reasons why the security belt is not pulled out. First of all, it should be noted the banal wear of the system. Moreover, this may only apply to one element one, for example, may fail due to wear pretensioners of seat belts or blocking device. The roller mechanism can also be worn.
Adverse weather conditions also provoke such malfunctions. It may cause this phenomenon.
Sometimes seat belts pretensioners fail after the accident. In this case, the castle of the coil or the entire main mechanism can break. After the accident in many cars, the belt may not be drawn back into the place intended for it. This is due to the triggering of the system of the system.
If the car fell into an accident, even with smooth pulling, it can jam the mechanism. Then you have to look for the cause of the breakdown and eliminate it.
What will required for repair?
At the above reasons sometimes the seat belt is not drawn. What to do? Soviets of experienced car mechanics will help. First of all, you will have to disassemble the skin and remove the coil. In some models, you will have to dismantle the seats in the place where there was a breakdown.
To do this, it is necessary to prepare screwdrivers (flat and cruciform), as well as their diameter should be different. Also, you should purchase a universal lubricant. Seats must be protected from random oil entering. Napkins and wire will also need.
Repair can be simple and more complex. In some cases, it is necessary to completely change the coil. For some models, cars will need to prepare special tools. But dIY repair The seat belt will help save a fairly large means of the family budget.
Repair coil
Most often performed in the coil area. To get to it, you need to remove the lining of the sidebar. It can be fixed with clips or bolts.
To comply with the safety rules, it is necessary to remove the terminal from the battery for a minus conductor. Also disconnect the contacts that lead to (if possible). The colors of the corresponding wires are spelled out in the operating instructions.
These simple actions will prevent a random triggering of a pyropatron. Otherwise, you can get injured in the repair process.
The coil housing must be opened. Most likely, the spring was faced a tape refund mechanism. This element can be replaced. It will be easier to get it than to set for your previous place.
How to disassemble the system?
If a not pulling the seat belt, you need to correctly disassemble the system. On the bottom lining of the door stand (medium) 4 bolts are unscrewed. Next, the pad is neatly dismantled.
It is necessary to prepare the stationery clip. Now you can remove the belt. In a special eye, it is fixed with a clip. After that, you can unscrew the bolt that holds the coil. So that the belt does not twist, it is fixed by the same clip.
The coil is easily extracted out. The blocking mechanism is located on the other side where the ball will ring. You can shake the device and easily identify right direction. 4 piston are unscrewed, the lid is removed in the horizontal position. So you can get to the ratchet.
Influence of frost
Sometimes security belt lock may not work because strong frost. It does not need to change any details. In some old cars, the insulation of the mechanism may be insufficient. This becomes the reason why the belt encourages.
In this case, the oil that lubricates the system, becomes more dense in the cold. We will have to disassemble the coil and lubricate its elements with a special substance. It should be resistant to frost. This, for example, maybe silicone Grease or Litol.
In some cases, the situation allows you to correct bending at a smaller body "foot" from metal of the ball mechanism. With a vertical arrangement of the coil, the retainer should not be in contact with gear teeth. This should be happening only with the slope of the bobbin.
Replacing the coil
In some cases repair the seat belt do it yourself Requires full replacement coil. If, after the actions produced, the tape is still not removed from the bobbin, this action is likely to be avoided.
Characteristic features when the coil should be replaced, is the lack of changes after cleaning this system. If, after extracting it and lubricating it with a new substance, as well as the bending of the metal foot, the belt does not all be getting, it is necessary to purchase a new mechanism.
For each brand of the car, you must select your special type of device. Therefore, in the store you need to show the forst coil. This will make it possible to choose the desired mechanism.
Diagnostic device
If a not pulling the seat belt, the cause of the breakdown can show high-quality auto attendant. Specialists recommend purchasing high-quality devices of proven manufacturers. This will precisely determine the cause of the breakdown presented.
In addition, the autoskner will be able to identify many other faults. Moreover, the program can be installed on the smartphone. The use of such devices will save money. It is not necessary to attend specialized services and produce expensive maintenance.
Examined why not pulling the seat belt, It is possible to replace or repair the mechanism yourself. It does not need to attend the service center and pay for expensive repair of the presented system.
Safety belts are one of best tools passive protection. They prevent the movement of the body with blows and collisions. Increased efficiency, it is possible to achieve at the expense of pillows built into solid parts of the cabin.
Attention! The use of seat belts in the design of the car avoids a number of serious injuries.
Interesting social video about the effects of safety belts:
Types of seat belts
The automotive industry has more than 100 years of constant evolution. It is not surprising that during this time a lot of unique designs appeared. Classification of types of safety belts is most convenient to carry out the number of points of fixation:
- two-point;
- three-point;
- four-point;
- five-point;
- six-minded.
For most cars, three-point safety belts are installed. They have a V-shaped location, so that it is possible to achieve an optimal energy distribution in a collision.
Attention! For the first time, three-point seat belts were installed by Volvo engineers. This happened in 1959. Development author - Nils Bolin.
Perhaps the most well-known modification of such a device is the BELT-IN-SEAT design. In it, the shoulder part of the retainer is attached to the back. The first of this technology was introduced by representatives of Mercedes. It happened in the distant 1990.
The first car sold in the States with BIS technology was Mercedes-Benz SL. This is a premium machine in which the comfort of passengers and their safety at that time reached an unprecedented level.
Attention! It is believed that BIS technology avoids injury when tipping the car.
Two-point belts were created the first. True, a hundred years ago, it was a simple rope, stretched across the driver's belt. Interestingly, after such a long time, this technology is still applied, however, in airplanes and for the rear seats of cars.
Safety belts with four lock points can be seen on sports machines. They provide more reliable fixation of the body and much smaller comfort. Nevertheless, this technology is considered very promising. True, to install the design in the car requires upper mounts.
Five-point seat belts also found their use in the sports industry entertainment. They are also used in children's chairs. In fact, this is a whole set of belts consisting of a variety of straps.
Attention! One belt in the five-point design passes through the legs, two through the belt, and as much over the shoulders.
The six-point design in general is no different from a five-point, but there is another additional security belt, which passes through the drivers' legs. As a result, this is the most reliable design.
Separately, it is worth noting that technology does not stand still. Constantly creating new security developments. One of the most promising is the design of an inflatable belt. The principle of operation is extremely simple. As soon as the accident occurs, the special chamber is filled with gas. Due to the gas, the useful belt area increases. This means that a smaller load on the human body is created, thanks to a more rational mass distribution. Also similar design provides additional defense with lateral collision.
Attention! A gas pillow is embedded only in the shoulder strap.
In fact, there are a number of interesting concepts that perfectly showed themselves on tests. Such a VOLVO SCC SECURITY SECURITY CONTRACT WITH CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION. Single attention deserves system 3 + 2. It was created by AUTOLIV and provides increased protection When turning the vehicle.
What is the safety belt
The main design of the seat belt consists of:
- straps;
- lock;
- fastening bolts;
- retractor device.
For the production of straps, the synthetic material is most often served. The main requirement to it is a high level of strength. The safety belt retractor works on the basis of the ratchet mechanism. Alarm lock occurs due to the sensitive element.
The basis of the sensitive element is a simple metal ball. When it is shifted, the coil is fixed by the lever system. In some structures, the pendulum is used instead of a ball.
The inertial seat belt device can be viewed on the video:
Separately, you need to tell about the system responsible for the gradual tension of the tape. This is due to the flywheel. It is installed on the coil axis. This is a small disk that ensures the smoothness of the process. But if an accident occurs, a jerk is formed, due to which the disk has to overcome the force of friction. In parallel, the pressure on the screw surface occurs.
Attention! As a result of the actions described above, the disk shifts and ratchet blocking occurs.
The safety belt device allows you to ensure the safety of passengers during collisions. But even they have a specific efficiency limit. At speeds of more than 200 kilometers per hour from the belts there will be little good.
The bolts in the safety belt device are responsible for the reliable fastening of the entire design during the ride. They are made from a solid alloy capable of withstanding serious loads. And they are attached to the car frame to ensure maximum reliability.
Operating Rules
At first glance, the seat belt is extremely easy to handle. But there are certain nuances whose knowledge will allow you to use it as efficiently as possible.
First of all, you should not delay the seat belt too much. Of course, this will provide a stronger fixation, but the risk is injured several times.
However, too weak tension significantly loosen the braking safety belt device in the car. There is a proven method that allows you to carry out the correct setting. It is necessary to make such a tension so that you can shove your hand under the belt, and there was a tangible compression on the brush.
Attention! When configuring the device, it is necessary that you can easily reach all controls of the car.
Under no circumstances, do not fix the polls in the twisted state! This will not provide the desired level of fixation. Moreover, you will be just inconvenient to drive the car.
An important rule Operation is that after an accident occurs, the entire fixation device needs to be changed, including straps and bolts. There are several reasons for this.
First, the tapes with strong tension lose their properties and durability. Therefore, it is dangerous to use them. Secondly, full replacement It is necessary to spend every 5-10 years due to natural wear.
Attention! Each car brand is equipped with an original driver fixing the driver and passengers. You should not replace the cheap analogue.
Work belts safety and pillows
As mentioned above, the pillow can be effective only in combination with retainers. Moreover, in case the driver is not fastened, the pillows can simply not work.
Stamps and the rest of the device are essentially one of the elements of the general security complex, which should preserve the life of the driver and passengers, and also prevent injuries.
If you are not fastened, the pillows can cause serious damage during disclosure. The fact is that the strength of the strike is not softened, and this collision will be very hard.
Statistics
If you take into account automobile statistics Accident, then the fastened strap saves in 70 percent of cases. In turn, the pillows proved their effectiveness only 20%.
It is very important that absolutely everything is fastened in the cabin, including passengers on the rear seats. The fact is that with a strong impact, the passenger is not chaotic will move through the cabin, causing injuries to everyone else.
The safety belt device allows to significantly reduce the risk of injury during collisions. Moreover, fastened straps can save lives. There are many designs that are installed in different types machines. In most cases, manufacturers use a three-point fixation system. Although interesting alternatives are becoming increasingly, gradually implemented.
Today you can often hear: why fasten in the city, because there are very small speeds. And in the rear seat are fastened in general units. Indeed, many believe that seat belts are important only in an accident occurring on high speeds, for example, on country highways, despite the fact that driving driving Without a fastened belt, you will not even be allowed to touch. Today we will try to figure out what will happen with an unaccounted driver and its passengers with an accident in the "urban" mode.
Driving experts and instructors about the benefits of belts
Driving instructors They believe that seat belts really save people's lives, which is confirmed by statistics. The use of seat belts, according to experts, reduces the risk of severe injuries and death 2-3 times with a frontal collision, 1.7 times - with lateral, 5 times when tilting. But at low speeds, the human body recorded by belts can generally be protected from various, even minor damage.
Today, fines for an unusable belt are quite high. But despite this, as well as active propaganda in the media on the importance of the use of belts, the number of unusual people remains quite large.
Very bright example of the use of the fastened belt:
Sociological polling of traffic police
Recently, by order of the traffic police, a sociological survey was held, which showed that today almost 11% of Russian citizens in the car never use safety belts. 33% of respondents are fastened only when they are sitting on the front driver or passenger seats. 13% - "decide on the situation." 44% always use a belt.
If a person is not fastened in the car, then with an accident, it will just fly through the cabin, and in all directions. No airbags and passive car safety will help. During the collision at 60 km / h and the weight of a person is 75 kg, a load of 3 tons are on the body of the latter. With 80 km / h - nine tons.
Excuses of drivers
Those drivers who prefer not to be fastened, cause a wide variety of ridiculous arguments that the seat belt is not so important. There are three main arguments:
- the belt interferes with movement;
- during the fire in the car, a person will not have time to get out;
- when accidental, departing through the windshield, more chances to survive.
We will analyze every argument in order
The belt interferes with movement. To some extent this is indeed, the truth. For example, the driver is hard to open the back right door, reach the glove box, go reverse With a turn of the body. However, these minor difficulties are not worth risking health and life.
What can happen during the fire? As a rule, cars can catch fire from strong blows, so if you were not fastened, then at the time of ignition you will still have what is happening with the car ... And the myth that the belt in the fire is stuck, absolutely not true and nothing Not confirmed.
If you fly out the window, then the probability of survive is more. Considering the fact that the glasses are now made extremely durable, and fasteners for them too, fly out of the glass completely simply. The maximum that crashes is a head, but the body is most likely stuck.
The plot of the main road:
Types of belts
Safety belts in cars are divided into several types: three-point, multipoint, twi-point, manual and automatic. There are also belts with automatic tensioners.
If the belt is equipped with a pretensioner, it gives a rapid response in emergency braking, attracts people in cars to the backs of the seats, which saves from further traffic By inertia ahead and getting body injuries from the steering wheel, front panel and other parts of the car body.
An additional element of the pretensioner is a load limiter that prevents damage to the chest due to the load from the hold of a person with a belt. When overload, which exceeds the specified parameters, the toothed inner rail is curved and loosening the tension force.
In order for the pretensioner mechanism to work, the control unit sends an electrical signal of safety belts and airbags. This activates the pretensioner pyroelem ignition system. The resulting gas pushes the piston of the mechanism, which is connected by a toothed rack and through the planetary mechanism the safety belt is stretched. I must say that the pretensioner mechanism is valid earlier than airbags. An approximate time of the system reaction of this device is 0.004 seconds after the accident decreases.
Today, the new cars establishes ultra-modern passive security systems. They are constantly finalized and upgraded. However, in any case, it is possible to avoid heavy injuries only correctly fastened by a car seat belt.
Automatic seat belts are attached on the door of the car and "fasten" the driver in automatic modeAs soon as the door closes.
Caring for children
Holding young children in the hands is dangerous. Remember that even at a speed of 40 km / h in a collision, if an unused baby sits on the hands of 6 kg weighing 6 kg, a load of 110 kg is on the hands of an adult. So it is extremely difficult to keep this weight.
Kids up to 18 months must be transported in a special chair, which is installed in the back seat back. In this case, when a collision is obtained best defense Back and backbone.
Children's chairs are equipped with fastening belts with five points. A similar scheme in a collision distributes a shock load for a larger body surface, and this reduces the likelihood of obtaining different injuries.
The video of how important is fastened by all in the car:
Good luck on the roads and be careful!
The article uses the image from the site www.repmy.ru
Safety belts belong to passive system Car security, as well as designed to reduce the likelihood of injuries by the driver and passengers in an emergency.
Conditionally can be divided into two groups - by the type of fastening, and the triggering system.
Fastening happens:
- two-point;
- three-point;
- four-point and more (used mainly in sports cars).
Principles of Trigger:
- static (currently not used);
- dynamic (most common);
- warning to ahead.
History of belts appearance
The mass spread of safety belts was in the 50s of the last century. This was due to the fact that with increasingly increasing speeds, the accident began to lead to quite serious injury, and often fatal outcomes.
Gustav Leby, French scientist, back in 1903 suggested installing five-point seat belts on cars. But in those days, his idea of \u200b\u200bspecial enthusiasm did not meet, and as a result, did not fit. During the exquisites of the best design, not one tens of devices was invented, but none of them, for a number of reasons, did not fit. Some due to the complexity of the design and fasteners, others due to insufficient reliability.
Take at least the same two-point seat belts. Fixing the passenger or driver at the level of the belt, they are in case of a collision, they did not save from strikes dashboard, steering wheel or windshield. After all, the upper part of the body was not fixed at all. Some models of car Gazelle, and to this day have a similar fastening (front seat next to the driver).
The pioneer, whose invention not only gothes, but also acquired a massive character, and later became the progenitor of all modern three-point safety belts, Nils Bolin became. Engineer from Sweden, engaged in Safety Systems Catapult in the airline, coming to Volvo, offered a three-point system.
Three-point static seat belt
The device of this design was simple. Diagonal and waist straps with a castle, which was fixed by the thigh. Fastening as in a modern car, with the only difference that the fixation system was static.
A significant disadvantage of this system is the need for adjustment. Sitting and fastened, the passenger was supposed to customize the fastening so that no more than two fingers were broken under the strap. If the length was larger, the security was again under threat. In a collision, the body managed to dial acceleration before met an obstacle in the form of a seat belt.
Evolution belt
Inertial three-point seat belts that came to replace static in the 70s became a security breakthrough. They not only corrected mortality statistics and injuries in an accident, but also increased the number of practically twice faded. After all, the need to adjust the belt when landing into the car. The village was fastened, and the inertial coil itself takes the surplus. 
The design is such that in the event of an accident, the ball or pendulum mechanism of the coil fixes the tape and does not give it to unwind, thereby reliably holding the body. The device of the inertial belt coil blocks the tape when tipping the car, in case of roll or drift, as well as with sharp braking. It would seem that three-point seat belts are ideal in terms of safety, but, like any other, has a significant drawback.
This is late in triggering, and when an accident, when the account goes to the fraction of seconds, this delay can be dangerous. IN winterWhen a person is dressed in a large amount of clothing, the device creates the dangerous space between the belt and the body, as a result, the body has time to gain a serious speed. Therefore, the following stages in the development of steel systems that are triggered.
Belts pretensioners
The first peopatrons were first in this area, which receiving a signal from the control system, triggered, stretched the seat belt, the length decreased, reducing the most dangerous distance. So that the tension has not been critically strong, the tensioner design contained an effort limiter, the device that fixing the load on the chest (approximately 150 kg) began to give the slack, thereby weakening the dead stafing of the belt. The only disadvantage of these devices was and left their disposable. After the pyropatron is triggered, it is necessary to replace. 
Almost this lack is deprived of the system of electrical tensioners. They are able to repeatedly perform this action. Working in a bundle with radar and sensors, they are able to determine the critical rapprochement before the collision, which means to protect the passengers and the driver in advance. If the device fixes the danger, the length of the belt is reduced, and the person is reliably fixed in the chair.
Other types of belts
There are still four-point and five-point belts. These are sport belts, and they are used to reliably fix the racers. The first has a fastening of four points, and the second one respectively. The five-point seat belt is also used in the most recently, children's car chairs. This fixing most reliably fixes the body and distributes the load on it. 
This species appeared as inflatable safety belts filled with gas during the accident. Fastening such belts is mostly three-point. 
What conclusion can be made of all the above listed? Many minds are concerned about the security of the driver and passengers, many people work on the improvement of security systems designed to preserve our lives and health. Whether it is worth neglecting it to solve you, but sitting in the car, remember that everything is possible for your safety, you only need to run away from you.
December 13th, 2013
... and scold then why? :-)
This is how the seat belts work. Let's learn the story of this device in the car.
Do you believe or not, but came up in 1885th. The case was in the USA, where the inventor Edward Clagghorn (Edward J. Claghorn) from New York received the first patent for the seat belt. Which was meant ... for fixation of Couterle carriage. At the beginning of the XIX century, seat belts offered to use the English inventor George Cayley - for airplanes. And in 1913, the belt first applied Adolf Peg (Célestin Adolphe Pégoud) - the French Pioneer of Aviation and one of the first performers "Dead Loop" (he committed it two weeks after Nesterov).
True, on May 11, 1903 the invention of "protective automotive brackets" for passengers in vehicle Patented and Gustave-Désiré Leveau). And in the same year, the five-point seat belt invented Louis Renault (Louis Renault).
Why not fastened?
Inventors were invented, changed, improved - and manufacturers did not want to hear any belts. First, they were imperfect, secondly, they had to be additionally attached to the seat. The first machine, originally equipped with seat belts, was in 1948. In 1959, patented three-point belts have become the mandatory belonging to the Volvo PV 544 and P120 Amazon, and after a couple of years and many Saab cars.
The inventor of a three-point belt was the aviation engineer Volvo Nils Bolin (Nils Bohlin), who first worked in Saab. In 1985, the German Patent Office even noted this invention among the eight, which brought to humanity the greatest benefits over the past 100 years.
How it was:
August 13, 1959 with the factory of the Swedish car giant 'volvo' came out new vOLVO car PV 544, equipped with the latest novelty - three-point safety belts. The name of the inventor of these miracle belts, who saved the lives of millions of people, never thundered to the whole world and is known only to those who were specifically interested in this topic. Indeed, Swede Nils Bolin has always been and remained a modest engineer who, like many geniuses, was primarily interested in the process of the invention, and not the benefits that it could bring him.
Nils Ivar Bolin (Nils Ivar Bohlin) was born in 1920 in the Swedish city of Herrösand (Härnösand, Sweden). The diploma in the field of mechanical engineering Nils received in the Swedish school Härnösand Läroverk in 1939, and in 1942 he began to work as an aircraft designer in the aircraft enterprise 'Saab'. It was then that he concentrated his attention on the development and improvement of catapultic chairs.
In the late 1950s, the Bolin already worked with the car giant 'Volvo', where he was listed by the security engineer. It was here that he invented his famous three-point seat belts, which forever stamped the name of the Swedish inventor in the history of the automotive industry. So, he worked on a seat belt throughout the year, and here he was very useful for the skills obtained during work on catacultured aircraft for 'Saab'.
A patent for a new type of car belt No. 3043625 was obtained in the same 1959th, and after 10 years, in 1969, Bolin was already headed by the Central Research Division of the 'Volvo' company.
Today, the three-point seat belt has become a standard for all cars, but some time passed, while drivers around the world were accustomed to innovation and began to use it correctly. What differed new, three-point straps, from old? As it turned out that when a collision, they did not give the driver to 'peel' face ahead, but, the coma of that, new seat belts snapped with one click.
He left 'Volvo' in 1985. It is known that Nils was married, and with their wife (Majbrich Bohlin) had two adoptive children, and many grandchildren appeared.
Nils Bolin died on September 26, 2002, at the age of 82, from a heart attack; He was buried in the Torpa Church church in the Swedish city of Ramfall (Ramfall).
By the way, in Germany, the belts with the "Gurt Zum Anschnallen, Flugzeugbauart" sign appeared for the first time in 1957 on serial machines Porsche. and Mercedes-Benz W111. On the other German cars, the officially approved type of three-point safety belts appeared on April 1, 1961.
Appeared - and caused a storm of discontent. And not only manufacturers (most cars were not ready for the installation of three-point belts), but also drivers, tightly "composed by one chain". Moreover, since 1967, seat belts began to be installed on rear seats cars. But from January 1, 1974, the installation of belts on new German cars has become mandatory. Although their application remained still voluntary.
Volunteer persuaded for a long time. In 1972, an inertial mechanism of belt tension appeared, providing passengers more freedom and security. The belts appeared a red removing "button" american model. A wide campaign under the slogan was held in the country: Erst Gurten, Dann Starten (first fasten, then start). Nevertheless, stop the "platform of a volunteer" could, as it most often happens, only money. From August 1, 1984, driving without a seat belt was punishable - the penalty was 40 DM. And the number of fastened drivers and passengers immediately soared to 90 percent.
And it was necessary to fasten!
By this time, Germany was splashing in the tail among countries who adopted the law on mandatory use Safety belts. Pioneers here were Czechoslovakia (1969), Kot-d'Ivoire (1970), Japan (1971), Australia, Brazil and New Zealand (1972). Sweden, by the way, made the use of belts "obligatory" only in January 1975.
Well, in the USSR, the mandatory use of seat belts on the front seats of all passenger cars introduced in 1979. Although the belts themselves were introduced back in 1969 at the 412th Moskvich (in 1973, domestic development appeared, the author - Leonid Oskarovich Teder, the chief specialist of the Estonian plant "Norma", which began the release of belts), and from 1977 to "GAZ-24".
In a collision or emergency braking Inertia's power is so big that throws a person ahead, and it threatens serious injuries. Scientists were calculated that a small "small car" that weighs no more than one ton at a speed of 50 km / h possesses kinetic energy at 100 J. During the collision, this energy goes to deformation of the front of the body. The deformation is from 30 to 50 cm depending on the machine design. In the collision, the amount of force that affects the driver and passengers is determined by the second law of Newton by the formula F \u003d MA.where m.- this is a lot of driver in kilograms, but- Acceleration or deceleration in M \u200b\u200b/ C2.
Let's work simple calculations. If the car, which moves at a speed of 50 km / h, is faced with a fixed obstacle, and the deformation of the front of its body is 50 cm, then the slowdown value will be 385 m / s2. If you take an average driver, the mass of which is 80 kg, then a force equal to 30,800 Newtons will affect it at this moment.
What does it mean? This means that when a collision, the mass of the driver increases 40 times! It is hardly necessary to explain what injuries can be obtained with such a collision. At a minimum, not compatible with life.
Using seat belts allows you to reduce the risk of death:
● Ply front collision 2.3 times
● with lateral collision 1.8 times
● When tipping a car 5 times
The Moscow Automobile and Road Institute conducted studies that allowed to establish that most often passengers and car drivers get injuries of the chest and head. With this source of injuries of people who are driving, 68% is steering column, at 28.5% - windshield, in 23.1% - dashboard, 12.5% \u200b\u200b- side rack and 3% - roof.
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In its design, all seat belts are divided into waist, diagonal and combined. If the belt and diagonal types of belts are not capable of providing complete fixation of the body, then the combined, including the belt, and diagonal straps, ensures complete safety. In turn, the combined three-point belts are of two types: inertial and nonerier. Inertial seat belts are used on all modern cars. Such belts are drawn special device In an invassed state.
Today, automakers are trying to improve the security systems, including belts as much as possible. Today, seat belts with pretensioners are very popular, the signal for which is the emergency slowdown of the machine. They attract the passengers and the driver to the backs of the seats and react even faster than airbags.
But look, what T-shirts are now released:
The English company TRL (Transport Research Laboratory) spent a very serious study and found out why people are not fastened with a seat belt. These data will allow much more efficient to promote the use of this simple, but very effective means Rescue life.
It turns out that many drivers do not use a belt, because ... fear him. A significant part of motorists believe that belts bring more harm than good. Drivers who do not use belts assure that with lateral strikes, seat belts can strangle the driver, and during the front clash, they break the ribs. And the drivers believe that if a person is not fastened, then with a strong frontal collision, he simply crashes through the windshield, falls on mild trees and remain alive.
Silen also fear to burn in the car in case of accident - It is believed that the driver's belt-fastened belt during the fire of the car will not be able to quickly get out of the cabin and eventually be fried alive. But if you are not fastened, the fire will not be terrible. Yes, and when the car falls into the water, a person will surely have to choke and drown. And not fastened - float.
Taxi drivers and truckers have their fears. Many of them believe that touching the belt they are more likely to die from the hands of the gangsters. Taxi drivers are confident that when attacking robbers, they will have time to quickly open the door of the car and run out to the street. And if they are fastened, they will be killed.
However, the most dangerous error concerns another. A huge part of the chauffeurs sincerely believes that the use of the belt is not necessary if their car is equipped with airbags! But when an accident, the pillow can cause very serious injuries with a not fastened belumn.
The researchers found out that men are most often not used by men, especially young. In addition, the belts of the rear rows passengers are rarely fastened. For some reason, they sincerely believe that on the second row is much safer with an accident than on the front seats. It is also interesting that usually drivers refuse belts in the evening and at night. In this case, motorists say that there are few cars on the roads and, they say, you can relax (while drivers forget that in this case the speed of cars becomes higher, and as a result, the severity increases).
What do you think? You still need to fasten or it is obliged, which is not a fact that it will help if what?
sources
Let's remember The original article is on the site Inforos Link to an article with which this copy is made -
