Comfortable and safe operation of the vehicle depends on the preparation of the wheels to seasonal changes in the road surface. Red-hot dry asphalt requires certain characteristics from tires that allow the driver to confidently keep the car on the road. Winter slush, loose track and temperature below zero - a good reason to "rebuild" the car. Some car enthusiasts doubt the feasibility of the acquisition of non-shephoid tires corresponding to the season.
Winter tires withstand frost and ice on the road, it means both for summer asphalt. But the winter tires in the summer is not an optimal option for motorists for a number of reasons, including due to the threat of tire rupture. And if the car is rarely operated in winterThe replacement of summer rubber with limited finance seems optional. However, this is a clear misconception, as it is to ride in the winter summer rubber even more dangerous than on winter summer. Car service specialists are confident that under the plus temperatures, summer tires should stand on the car, and with a minus - winter.
Winter and summer tires - what is the difference?
The range of tires, depending on the season of operation, can be divided into three categories: summer, winter, universal. Tires for winter are distinguished by labeling, external species, composition, sound when driving a car. What rubber is considered to be the winter according to the law, it is said in the technical owner adopted by the Customs Union. It must be marked with the following signs: MUD + SNOW, MS (dirt + snow cover), Winter (winter), Snowflake - One of these characters must be present. They are also wider, massive, on outside More lamellas (grooves in the tire profile), the protector thicker, there are spikes or velcro. Rubber mixture for the winter version is softer. For low temperatures (below -25 degrees) tires must provide good adhesion with a snow-covered or icing track, a special composition allows the "sticky" wheels even to ice. Drivers note that the rumble, which appears when changing summer tires on the winter, is due to the studded tires or a high tread. Do not consider outsunction Consequence of poor-quality model or high rigidity rubber mix.
Tires for summer differ also differ in marking - they are depicted by the symbol of the sun; appearance - for summer models is characterized by an asymmetrical pattern on the tread, which allows you to minimize the noise effect when high speed. Lamella less reliefs because less efforts for clutch; the composition - the elastic rubber mixture is designed to operate the tires at high temperatures (above +25 degrees), even when the asphalt coating begins to melt, the wheels should not "fall out" and lose the form; Lifetime - summer tires are erased 2-3 times faster. Because of these characteristics, riding in the snow on summer rubber is especially dangerous.
Universal tires have all seasons labeling (all seasons), designed to operate in conditions with a stable climate (without strong temperature fluctuations). Such tires are ideal when the snow falls rarely, and the summer is not too hot. Economical motorists need to know that the use of all-season tires increases fuel consumption by 3%, the cost universal model higher than seasonal analogs. Wearing is also increasing, because the tires are operated all year round.
Using winter tires in summer
If the summer is rarely used, many motorists do not make sense to change rubber and leave spikes or "velcro" on wheels. But even a hundred kilometers on the country road can give the tire shape of the square, and new car Will move like Zaporozhets with experience. The wheel of the square shape eventually can output or significantly reduce the time of service and suspension service.
Studded tires
Studded tires are designed for operation in difficult conditions of icing roads. It can be rural streets without coating when ice, winter roads in mountainous terrain, etc. However, often the state of urban trails is such that the studded tires do not interfere with the holled tires. It is worth noting that in many European countries abandoned the operation of this type of tires, as they:
- Destroy the road surface;
- Provocate emergencies on the road in the rain or with wet snow. In the conditions of the city, when the roads sprinkle with mixtures containing salt, studded rubber worsens the operation of the car, lengthens the braking path;
- Threaten to other participants roadSince the spike departing during the movement of the machine develops speeds up to 180 km / h and it is impossible to predict its trajectory.
AT summer period The negative effects of spikes on asphalt increases, and the reduction in the braking path can lead to a collision with transport that follows the machine. The life of the tires is reduced, and the noise level increases twice. Therefore, the answer to the question "Is it possible to ride in winter tires in the summer?" Unknown - no.
Rubber-Lipucca
"Velcro" motorists call friction tires, the principle of the operation of which is the close clutch of the wheel and the road surface due to the soft composition of rubber and deep lamellae located in different directions. Such tires are most effective on the roads that are not covered with clean ice, that is, not cleared, slapped by snow, snowy "porridge", etc. Because of its properties, such rubber gives car owners to believe that it can be used in the positive temperature. However, any specialist for the question "Is it possible to ride a velcro in the summer?" Also give a unambiguous answer. The maximum optimal plus temperature for driving on such rubber is +5 degrees.
If the rubber without spikes
Winter tires without spikes are not prohibited for wheel transport during the summer. But auto owners insist that fuel consumption increases, the probability of an accident rises, and the service life and driving comfort are reduced. Why is this happening? High temperatures softens the already soft winter tire for good clutch With expensive, the effort is needed that it provokes a higher engine power. As a result, fuel consumption increases by 10%.
Among other things, riding in the summer on winter tires without spikes can provoke a tire break. Chemical composition of the rubber mixture in winter tiresah leads to the deformation of the tread at high temperatures. A sufficiently small obstacle (stone, acute asphalt edge, foreign object), and the tire is torn or exploded. The accident in this case is inevitable, and at high speed consequences can be the most deplorable - up to death.
Riding on summer tires in winter
The use of summer rubber in the winter is prohibited by the technical regulations in which the characteristics of winter tires are prescribed. Also, tires for summer turn the operation of the car during ice to the most complex process, which is only cascade. The stiffness of the rubber mixture at negative temperatures increases, the tap will weaken, and the car ceases to obey the steering wheel. You can conduct an experiment, leaving the usual school eraser in the cold. Soft texture under the influence of cold will lose elasticity, eraser will break without effort. Summer tires also behave on a snow-covered track at minus temperatures. The braking path of the car increases, which leads to dangerous situations on the road, the service life of the tire is significantly reduced. Requirements for tires in the winter period specified in the technical owner allow you to choose optimal optionwhich will ensure road safety.
At temperatures near zero, the summer model is relatively safe with dry asphalt, non-aggressive ride style in conditions of moderate road workload. All these conditions rarely coincide, so manufacturers recommend "re-overwhelming" cars when on the street above +5 degrees. Operation of the car with summer tires at 0 degrees is complicated by deposit, plots with wet snow, the loading of the route. With sharp braking, even at a speed of 40 km / h triggers anti-lock system, indicating the difficulties of stopping.
What will happen if you use the rubber not within the season?
The legislative problem is strictly not regulated, since the territory of the Russian Federation is too large. In some regions, snow melts only a few days, so there is no need for tires. In the southern regions, even in winter, a minus temperature lasts 2-3 weeks, so that many motorists are easier to use urban transport than spending a solid amount for winter tires. However, for the most part of the country, weather conditions are difficult to be called stable, and the annual fluctuations in temperature require special attention to safety on the road. The technical owner adopted by the Customs Union determines that the operation of cars with studded rubber in the summer period is prohibited. Also it is impossible to ride in the winter with summer tires. These provisions are valid in Russia.
Requirements for tires in the winter period are installed in Appendix 8 to the technical flamber. Tires with spikes should be equipped with cars of the category "M1", "N1" (passenger and cargo to 3.5 tons) for 3 months of winter. It is assumed that the legislation may change the period of prohibition based on the climatic characteristics of any region. But in the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation, penalties for unspecified seasonal rubber in summer or winter. The only violations for which you can get fines are riding on bald or different rubber. According to paragraph 1 of Article 12.5, the CACAP is 500 rubles.
Conclusion
Savings on the seasonal set of tires adversely affects the safety of road participants, increases the risks of the accident and reduces the comfort, the service life of the car. Economic benefits are leveled increased flow Fuel, wear of tires, chassis and suspension.
With the end of the summer in front of the owners of the car, the question arises about the need to replace rubber. The most responsible motorists are suitable for this issue in advance, without waiting for frosts and the appearance of land on the roads. But, choosing rubber for the winter for your car, it is difficult to figure out in a variety of details that fall on the head of the owner.
Immediately it is worth noting that universal rubber, which is suitable for all machines and drivers, does not exist. Choosing winter tires, you need to take into account many factors.
What winter tires should be chosen in one or another options - detailed instructions On the example of typical situations.
Spikes or not?
Sooner or later, before each owner, the car arises, to buy a studded rubber or choose "Velcro". If you look at various car forums and sites, you can see the non-ceased wars of supporters of both one and the second option. The answer to this question is simple and complicated at the same time. Simple, because the studded tires with a gross tread pattern is well suited for those regions where dry weather is usually worthwhile, and the road cannon is a tightly etched ice. But at the same time, when driving such tires noise more.
In case, on the roads in winter, the snow porridge, the spikes do not provide a sufficient clutch of the car with an expensive. Also studded rubber not the best choice When driving in winter in pure asphalt. Shipping and for those who love to drive on their cars are not recommended.
As an alternative to studded rubber, an unshakable tires acts.
Winter unwanted rubber is represented by two types:
- european rubber;
- scandinavian tires.
The difference in these types of tires is the characterization of weather conditions faced by the driver in the winter on the road.
In the first case, the tires are designed for clutch with a road surface with bad weather conditions (rain, wet snow). European Type winter rubber Allows you to ride at high speeds. For it, there are four high-speed indexes: W (270 km / h), V (240 km / h), H (210 km / h) and T (190 km / h).
But such tires show bad results when driving on ice or rolled snow. Lovers of dynamic driving need to remember that on slipping coating You need to be especially neat when traveling on these tires. It is not recommended to use this rubber and when driving in warm weather, since the high temperature impairs the braking qualities of these tires.
In the second case, the optimal clutch of the wheels on the icing road and a road surface with a snowy infusion is provided. Due to the soft rubber, the tires of this type feel well at very low temperatures.
But when using such tires it is necessary to abandon aggressive travel manner: sharp braking and rebuilding or steep entry in turn.
The importance of the tread pattern
In the store, one manufacturer shows several models of winter rubber and, in addition to the presence of spikes, it is distinguished by different tread pattern. This is due to the fact that on different roads of the tires perform different functions, which is reflected on the character of the tread pattern:
- if the car moves along the road on which there is a good layer of rolled snow, then it is necessary that the wheels ensure good braking and the absence of slipping when moving. For this tires must be as "bought" in the snow. In this case, winter tires are required protector which consists of individual diamonds, cubes, snowflakes, which are separated from each other quite large gaps;
- when driving on the road on which the snow porridge lies, the water and snow removal from under the wheels and resistance to drift are on the fore.
- if you move along dry asphalt in frost, the maximum clutch with the road is required from the tire.
Correctly read the label on the tires
The bus manufacturer makes it all important to the consumer properties, you only need to know how to read them. Possessing this knowledge, the process of selecting winter rubber under its needs can be minimized.
When examining the surface of the winter tire before purchasing, you can get the following information:
- Production date. Marked in the form of four digits on the sidewall of the tire (the first two digits mean the number of the year, the second two is the year of manufacture).
- Wear resistance. On the surface of the tire is indicated by the inscription Treadwear and is measured in units. Standard wear resistance is 100 units, which are enough for 48,000 km of run (the average mileage value for the season).
- Speed \u200b\u200bindex. Encharged English alphabet letters - from N (140 km / h) and to Zr (above 240 km / h). Those who are interested in the speed of driving and such an indicator as low wear, it is best to take tires with marking S.
- Load indicator. In essence, he means what weight falls on each wheel. According to experts, this index must be within 30-35 percent of the weight of the equipped car.
- Type Tire For winter rubber, M + S should be specified (Mud + Snow) and / or Winter, which means "dirt and snow" and / or "winter". To be very careful to choose the tires with the labeling All Season - "All-season" or All Weather - "All Convent". A number of manufacturers produce tires with similar labeling for countries with a warm climate, where in winter the temperature is lowered only to zero.
- Certification. The compliance of the quality of the rubber requirements of the European Union is indicated by the letter E, and the requirements of the United States - DOT. On some tires you can meet both of these marking.
Additionally, such signs are labeled as a clutch indicator on wet road (from a to g), fuel efficiency (from a to g), as well as acoustic comfort (1 division - the optimal level, 3 divisions are weak). It is also worth recalling that professional off-road and racing tires are not labeled, as well as welded, studded and some other types. It should be considered when buying.
No matter what winter tires will choose the car owner, it is necessary to remember the simple rules.
- You need to change summer tires on all wheels at once, setting the same type of winter tires.
- It is impossible to pull with the replacement of tires. As soon as the air temperature dropped to a plus of 5 degrees, you can safely go and re-overwhelm your car in the winter set of tires.
- In winter, it should be more attentive on the roads and, if possible, avoid aggressive ride manner.
- If the car is dressed in the studded tires, then you should be especially careful when driving on a bare asphalt, it is recommended to reduce your high speed mode.
And perhaps the most chief Criteria When choosing winter rubber - quality. It is necessary that the seller ensures that the tires that have it corresponds to the stated properties.
It is assumed to shift tires on wheels according to the current season. This requirement is due to a plurality of safety-related factors. Nevertheless, summer time Make a car, equipped with winter tires, will not be difficult. Rational motifs for such a solution are a bit, and in most cases drivers are trying to get rid of themselves from unnecessary trouble with the update of the wheels. However, the question of whether it is possible to ride in the summer on winter tires, requires serious understanding. With a deep analysis of this approach to operation of the vehicle, not only safety aspects, but also legal nuances, as well as issues of financial feasibility are populated. But first things first.
Why use winter tires in summer?
An inexperienced driver who decided to leave the winter tires for the warm season, can be guided by simple logic - if the tires cope with snow and ice, then accurately coopulate with dry or wet coating. Moreover, riding on winter tires in summer can deceptively seem more secure. However, the risk factor of an accident, as a rule, is not the main one. Usually this choice is made in order to save. At the same time, the savings will be one-time - only by excluding the cost of "reobey". Also, the use of winter tires in the summer is distributed in cases if the tread pattern was worn out and does not fulfill its function on a snowy coating. Therefore, the only acceptable appointment of such tires remains riding a dry road, but not everything is simple.
What differences are winter and summer tires?
For debuning the myth that winter tires are no less effective and in summer, it is worth understanding the distinguishing properties. Tires for summer are designed to provide a stable crossing coefficient regardless of rolling parameters at elevated speeds. They have an asymmetrical pattern, which affects high noise insulation. Therefore, to answer the question of whether it is possible to ride in the summer in winter tires, you should evaluate how such tires satisfy the requests of the summer ride. The rubber protector has "checkered" with complex reliefs - it is thanks to them that the car can safely move on problem winter roads. This is facilitated by various grooves, slots and curly branches in the figure, allowing you to maintain grip when driving on ice and snow. But will the winter tires on the summer road be also effective? Unfortunately no. In this case, the presence of "chasers" will interfere with the movement at high speed, which can lead to loss of manageability and accident.
Rubber difference
Another significant difference in seasonal tiresah is the composition of the rubber mixture. Tires intended for use in winter have a soft structure that allows the wheels to successfully cope with their tasks in bad weather. Again, this quality justifies itself in winter and in conditions of light thaw. The rest of the time is preferable to summer rubber, characterized by rigidity, elasticity and wear resistance. In the cold, such wheels are literally dubed, because of which their use in such conditions is also not recommended. Accordingly, the softness of rubber in warmth is not a favorable quality.
How does winter tires behave in the summer?
The most striking differences in the operation of summer and winter tires in warm time are manifested on wet coatings, in particular on asphalt. Also using winter tires in the summer risky in cases emergency braking. For a more visible demonstration of the features of such a tire operation, you can bring the results of tests for aquaplaning. So, on a flooded road summer tires On average, the unwanted effect of "pop-ups" at a speed of about 80 km / h is shown. In turn, the aquaplaning of winter tires begins at 70 km / h. The nature of the behavior of such rubber in the conditions of braking also does not leave doubt in the inexpediency of their use in the summer. The braking path compared to summer tires increases by about 30%, which directly indicates a low verge of safety when driving on winter tires in summer.
What does the law say?
Initiatives regarding the ban on the use of unreasonable tires were ended in 2013. However, at that time, the innovation conflict with the technical regulations of the Customs Union. The situation has changed in 2014, when a draft law on the use of tires for seasons was submitted. According to him, the winter tires in the summer, the penalty for the use of which is 2000 rubles, cannot be used in a studded form. A similar amount of the fine is envisaged for riding on summer tires in winter.
By the way, the autumn and spring drivers are provided with complete freedom in the selection of tires. It is noteworthy that Moscow traffic jams became an impetus for promoting the bill, the movement in which was difficult precisely due to the use of unreasonable tires. This is due to the fact that winter tires without spikes can be used in the summer. The timing of renewal of tires in most regions of Russia corresponds to calendar times of the year. That is, from December to March, it is necessary to use winter tires, and from June to September - respectively, summer.
Opinion manufacturers
Many manufacturers automotive rubber And before, persistently recommended that their clients use tires strictly for their intended purpose. Technical departments manufacturers regularly test seasonal tires, and today conclusions about whether it is possible to ride in summer on winter tires, on their part are obvious. Properly chosen rubber provides optimal coupling qualities of the car, has a beneficial effect on manageability and, which is also important, serves longer. By the way, rubber for winter conditions of use in the summer is wearing much faster.
Which summer tires are better to use?
Tires for summer ride - certainly the optimal choice for dry or wet asphalt. Winter tires with such a coating copes worse, but this does not mean that any seasonal "exercise" will be appropriate. So, at the first signs of heat offensive, we change the tires for summer taking into account the following nuances:
- The direction of the tread. Experienced motorists Known the difference between the non-directional and directional pattern. The first option is cheaper, resistant to the effect of aquaplaning and allows you to install the bus on any wheel regardless of the sequence. Directional protectors provide good handling and safety, but cost more.
- Size. Despite the fact that any car has its own recommendations regarding compatibility with tires in size, there is some freedom in choosing. And in this regard, it is necessary to take into account that low-profile summer tires will facilitate control, but the ride will be tougher, and the large size contributes to comfort, but such wheels may affect the arches when turning.
- Noise wheel. From the point of view of security, this factor is not important, but it is worth considering it for a comfortable ride. Noise insulation is calculated in the drawing of the tread, but it is impossible to determine its quality to the eye. Usually, for this use documentation to a specific tire model, which indicates the data on this indicator.
- In some cases, it is worth considering the possibility of using all-season tires that will allow driving with any weather - both in heat and frost.
Question finance
It has already been said that the decision on the use of unreasonable tires in many cases is due to the desire to save. But here, the benefit will be not so obvious, since the winter tires, the price of which in the middle corridor varies from 6 to 8 thousand rubles, is more expensive than a summer by 2-3 thousand.
Of course, there are different segments that, among other things, are represented by tires of budget and premium categories. In the lower link, the difference in value is not so pronounced. For example, for 3-4 thousand. You can purchase products for two seasons of similar quality. Premium brands Release better and, accordingly, expensive models. This is a reliable and durable winter tires, the price of which can exceed the bar in 10 thousand summer, the same analogues in this segment, as a rule, are cheaper, but there is already a lot depends on the unique qualities of the goods.
Conclusion
Making the conclusions from the nature of the movement in the winter tires in the summer, to identify the dangers of such a ride will not be difficult. In particular, the lack of coated hitch increases the risk of loss of controllability. Especially on the wet asphalt car throws ones. Against this background, unsatisfactory control over the car in the form of slow reactions is observed. Therefore, the question of whether it is possible to ride in the summer on winter tires, provided that the active taxiing is maintained, it cannot stand. AT best case Riding will be on the verge of security requirements, but you can forget about comfort.
With winter tires, the problem of aquaplaning is aggravated - however, as many other unpleasant effects when driving in the extent in summer. One of the main motivations for the introduction of a fine for the use of unreasonable tires was an increase in the braking path, which directly affects the risk of accidents.
A large height of a new winter tire tread drawing is pleased with the eye owner's eye. At first glance it seems that the life of winter rubber will be long. However, in practice it turns out not always. What affects the duration of the use and wear of the winter tire - should answer for himself every driver.
Tire life - from what to repel
When determining the service life of winter tires, the time is taken into account when exploitation is possible and safe pDA requirements and manufacturer's recommendations.
In most cases, the manufacturer stipulates the physical fitness of the product, or a legally, this indicator is accepted equal to 10 years.
The practice of exploitation of winter tires shows that the deadlines do not always coincide with reality. For winter tires of various manufacturers, according to reviews, in Russia, on average, the service life is:
- European manufacturers. Mileage value taking into account different models Located in the range of 50-60 thousand km.
- Russian manufacturers. Many models are licensed, or own developmentswhose quality has improved. The mileage is from 40 thousand km and above.
- Tires from China. On average, with mean functional characteristics, autoresina exhibits good wear resistance. There are mileage cases on one set to 80 thousand kilometers.
Car owners at the stage of choosing a wheel kit - studded tires or velcro, it should be borne in mind that the duration of use does not exceed several seasons or 30 thousand km. This is due to increased wear of the protruding elements.
Factors affecting
Along with the mileage and quality of the product itself, still have a number of operational factors that directly or indirectly affect the service life of winter studded rubber. The factors should be taken into account both at the stage of acquiring a set of tires and throughout the expiration date.
Manufacturing date and storage method
The release date of the tire is marked for more than 10 years, and is represented on the sidewall of the tires in the form of a 4-digit code. The first pair of numbers indicates a week from the beginning of the year, and the second two are the last figures of the year. You should not pay attention to new wheels that departed in stock for more than 3 years.
A significant impact on the aging of winter tires has a long storage period in the offseason. The ideal conditions will be the room without significant fluctuations in temperature, excessive humidity. When choosing a storage method, the following options are not allowed:
- storage on the edge, leading to loss of form;
- stackingwhich leads to "flattening" wheels;
- hanging a tire without a diskWhat causes pulling into an egg.
The optimal option for storage is the tire hanging, dressed on the disk for a metal rim. If it is impossible to independently organize this method to contact a specialized service providing such a service.
Operating conditions
Significantly reduce the period of operation and some regular factors affecting tires:
- Male magnitude. It is clear that with increasing mileage, the protector is wear out. But long-term downtime has a destroyer effect on the wheel. Therefore, it is important to choose a rational middle between frequent trips and rare car departure.
- Tire pressure. Incidentally, in winter, increase the indicator 0.2 Bar with respect to the auto manufacturer installed. The reduced pressure on 0.5 atmospheres reduces the service life by 20%, and even less importance becomes not only ruinous, but also dangerous. Urgently align the pressure between the tires!
- Movement under load. With constant full loading of the car, the best winter tires will reduce its resource for 20-30%.
- Operational parameters. Balancing the wheels should be checked at least once a year - for example, before the start of the season. As it should be diagnosed to diagnose the state of the collapse of the convergence, the suspension state is also to reduce tread wear.
Increased pavement temperature significantly increases winter wheels tread wear. Remember that the exploitation of studded tires in pure asphalt. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately comply with the rules of the road, while changing rubber change in a timely manner.
Driving style and road
Long-term tests of winter rubber operations showed that for the conditions of winter roads, a speed of 120 km / h leads to complete wear by 40% faster than the measured ride at speeds up to 90 km / h. Do not forget that speed directly affects sealing spikes. Although recently the fastening of thorns has become more reliable.
High speed should correlate with the state of roads. It is easy to remove the winter wheel in order for one moment. Do not forget that the condition of winter roads is significantly inferior to the coating in the summer.
Operation when exceeding the degree of wear
Many car owners know about the residual wear degree established for winter tires - 4 mm. That is why, when this value is reached, operation continues in the warm period of the year of such wheels.
Tire tests show that even after year of operation, the brake properties of the tires are reduced by 10%. And almost bald winter tires on the summer asphalt is simply unsafe. Road accident rice is repeatedly increasing.
When to change the rubber on the winter? The answer to this question must be sought in regulatory requirements. However, there are several more nuances associated with the replacement procedure. For example, what characteristics should the optimal winter tires become? Under what conditions to change? What tires to change - with spikes or without? We will try to give a detailed answer to these and other issues.
So when to change rubber and what to navigate? On the first snow and ice? It will be incorrect, because the climate in our country is changeable and non-uniform. Better look at the degrees - if it shows the temperature + 7 ° C ± 5 ° C, this indicates the need to transfer its car. It is unsafe remaining on summer tires, since with such a temperature of the air, the rubber loses the grip with the track and becomes more coarse. You can take a chance and wait until such a decrease in the average daily temperature will not be over the entire week, but know - at any time the car can take on the turn and it will become unmanaged. Since frosts on the ground at night form a thin crust of ice on the asphalt. Therefore, it is better not to risk.
Including accounting structural features Winter tires, the best time for their installation, according to most producers, is a weekly period from the time you go down to +5 ... 7 degrees Celsius.
Alas, not all car owners follow this recommendation. Some hand over the car in winter tires when the temperature drops to +12, while others are waiting for the air temperature to reach 0.
It is the recommendations of tire manufacturers to replace rubber that are the most correct and capable of ensuring the proper level of safety on the road. There is also a regulation in which the requirements for the replacement time of rubber are clearly prescribed.
When to change rubber on the winter by law
In regulatory requirements, there is also a pointer to the account when changing rubber according to the rules. We can read about this in the "Technical Regulations of the Customs Union Tr Ts 018/2011 on the safety of wheeled vehicle". In particular, in paragraph 5.5, the following is written:
It is prohibited to operate vehicles not commissioned by winter tires that meet the requirements of paragraph 5.6.3 of this Annex in the winter (December, January, February). Winter tires are installed on all wheels of the vehicle. Operations of the prohibition of operation can be changed to the increase in the regional authorities of the State Member States of the Customs Union.
Designation of winter rubber
Based on this information, it can be concluded that in the winter months (December, January, February) is allowed to use only winter tires. You can put on a car both studded and uncomplicated tires. They must have a "M + S", "M & S" or "M S" icon and the corresponding drawing (see picture).
On our site you will find more information:
In connection with the variety of weather conditions in different regions of the Russian Federation, local authorities may increase the period of prohibiting the operation of studded tires. For example, they will ban the use of studded tires from May to September.
For clarity, we give a table with information about periods for you. possible use Different rubber during the year.
| Season | Summer | Winter compensated | Winter without spikes |
| Winter (December, January, February) | |||
| Spring (March, April, May) | |||
| Summer (June, July, August) | |||
| Autumn (September, October, November) |
As for the all-season rubber, it is allowed to use its rules only if it contains one of the following "M + S", "M & S" or "M M". If the corresponding icons are missing, then such rubber is impossible to operate in winter.
Penalties for incorrect use of rubber
Traffic police workers are entitled to punish the driver for improper use of winter rubber or its late installation. In particular, in 2017, there is no article in the Administrative Code, which would provide for the imposition of a fine for the lack of winter rubber. However, the draft such law exists, but not yet accepted.
At the same time, for the use of worn winter rubber, you may be fined for 500 rubles. However, there is a more humane method - oral warning. The penalty is superimposed when the depth of the Winter rubber tread is less than 4 mm. In addition, the imposition of a fine is possible only if the car is operating on the garbage or snow-covered road surface.
There is an unofficial day of the replacement of summer rubber on the winter in the central strip of the Russian Federation. His date appointed November 15. However, it is still better not to wait for this day, but to replace the conditions under the conditions described above.
What are the tires to install on your car?
When changing rubber
We have figured out in detail when the rubber should be changed. At the same time, we had an open question - what to change summer tires? Most motorists advise to have not only winter and summer tires with them, but also the third kit. In particular, summer, winter studded and winter unwanted rubber. For what? Everything is simple - when in the cold period the temperature will be in the range of -3 ° C ... + 5 ° C it is advisable to use the winter-awakened winter, and in the case of a sharp cooling, it will be able to use winter studded rubber. However, due to the high cost this method It is not suitable for everyone. Therefore, it is possible to do it easier - to choose the studded or untouched tires.
At the same time, it is necessary to remember that the unwanted tires better show themselves on a dry and wet track, and studded - on snow-covered and zaled. It was experimentally proven that on a dry and wet asphalt in the studded rubber, the brake path is 7% longer than that of an awkward. However, when driving on the snow-covered and zealing coating of "spikes" operate by 20% more efficiently.
Progress does not stand still, and now the technologies of "floating" and "active" spikes are used, which allow you to achieve impeccable behavior of rubber on any coverage, even with the worst ice. And such tires are available. Their only drawback is a high price. However, over time, she will surely decline, and more and more people will be able to afford to buy such rubber.
Differences of winter rubber from all-season
Despite the fact that all-season rubber allows you to safely save on the tire terminal and the need to buy two sets, in the context of the Russian climate this type Rubber works weakly. Manufacturers installed optimal range of using all-season rubber - from -5 to + 20 ° C. As a result, stopping its choice on all-season rubber, you will automatically donate security for the sake of savings. Moreover, the danger exists in both in the summer when the air is heated over 30 degrees and itself in winter, when the thermometer is below 30 ° C.
What is better - "Scandinavian" or "European" type of rubber?
Winter tires are divided into "Scandinavian" and "European" in the drawing of the tread.
W. "Scandinavian" Type of rubber Figure is more resolved, with a large number of small rhombid skeners located in checkers. The distance between the checkeys is essential. Due to this, the protector easily pushes the upper surface of the ice, and is cleared of dirt and snow without any effort. Maximum clutch on a snow-covered track - The main advantage of such tires. Scandinavian type rubber is great for trips around the rough terrain and residents of remote cities, that is, where there is a lot of snow. With them get stuck in the snowy snowdrifts you do not threaten. The Scandinavian type of rubber is widely used in all-Russian conditions and the northern regions of Europe.
The main feature of rubber "European" Type is a diagonal design of a drawing with multiple drainage channels and a large number of small slots. The purpose of such tires is to ensure maximum clutch with the surface of the road during rain and wet weather, as well as with wet snow. If the winter is small and wet (the countries of the Central and Southern Europe, the southern regions of the Russian Federation) - should be left to the tires european type. But you need to remember - ice such rubber contraindicated. Almost always on European tires there is a marking "M + S"., What does snow and dirt mean.
Terms of Use of Winter Rubber
What kind of winter tires did not choose a car owner, he must remember about five rules Its use:
- The studded tires in no way is rearranged from the left wheel of one axis to the right.
- In the first 800 ... 1000 km of the risk of winter rubber do not exceed the speed of more than 70 km / h. Allow the tires to "go."
- At the moment of winter fluctuations, the tire pressure changes. Therefore, be sure to follow the tire pressure. In order to prevent the effects of sudden temperature drops, it can be increased by 0.1-0.2 atm. But not more.
Pressure inconsistency may adversely affect the car manageability, and therefore safety when driving.
- Be sure to install winter tires on both axis. Do not affect the erroneous opinion that the installation of rubber on one (leading) axis will increase safety when driving is not so.
- With the residual depth of the cripped rubber, less than 4.7 - 5 mm do not use it. At this depth there is a lower flange, by means of which the spikes are kept in the tire. When installing studded spike tires can simply fly out. As for ordinary winter tires, the same value is 4 mm.
It should also be found on the question whether it is possible to ride in winter tires in the summer. The answer is simple - it is possible, but extremely undesirable. Let's start argument S. technical Point vision. So, the use of winter tires in the warm season threatens for you and your car:
- Reduced ride safety. The composition of the tire material changes its characteristics, due to which the rubber does not fully fulfill the functions assigned to it, including protective.
- An increase in fuel consumption by 5 ... 10%. After all, the engine is needed more power For spinning "blurring" on asphalt rubber. Accordingly, it will hit your pocket.
- Significant. The surface of the winter tires is softer, and on the bare asphalt it is faster.
- Low comfort while driving for the driver and passengers.
- The increased wear of the chassis.
Now we touch legal aspects This question. In 2014, a bill on the use of automotive rubber on seasons with the imposition of relevant fines was introduced. The estimated amount of the fine was 2000 rubles. However, the law is not yet accepted, respectively, the traffic police can only make an oral remark and explain the driver to the use of winter tires in the summer.
Features of mounting winter rubber
New wheels must be well balanced. This rule should be observed regardless of whether you change the tires yourself either trust this to the master from the tire. Also check the wheel alignment. When installing the wheel it is necessary to take into account the direction of their movement.
Also refuse from cast drives . Let your car hang out on the snow-covered and slippery highway, it will not look so presentable, but the likelihood of dirt falling into the disk and the subsequent imbalance is significantly reduced. Follow the aforementioned recommendations to avoid emergency situations or accident.
RESULTS
Do not forget to change winter tires in autumn. As soon as the temperature reaches +5 ... 7 ° C, immediately go to the tire on the tire or replace yourself. Do not wait for November 15th. Also make sure that the tread depth on all tires was more than 4 mm. And remember that winter tires is intended primarily to ensure the safety of the driver, passengers, as well as other people in the cold season! Do not neglect it using.
