High-quality rubber is not just a guarantee of good car handling and driver's comfort driving, but also the basis for ensuring security when driving. Winter time is the most dangerous period for motorists, so the choice of shoes for the wheels at this time of the year should be approached with marginal responsibility. And the question of for a car should be entrusted to professionals familiar with the specifics of difficult driving in harsh conditions.
Features of winter tires
By and large, all tires can be divided into three categories: summer, universal and winter tires. Perhaps, winter tires Possess the highest amount of specific characteristics, which is due to heavy operating conditions. First of all, the rubber itself is focused on using at temperatures below 7 ° C. The fact is that the usual universal or summer tires At a low temperature, it loses its basic properties, therefore special compositions are required, providing optimal adhesion quality and stiffness. However, deciding what to choose winter tires for the car, it is not necessary to chase the most solid-state tire. Elasticity is a necessary property for any road, another thing is that the measure of a softness indicator should be observed.
A separate topic is a tread pattern. Active angles, grooves, tight notches and served - these are mandatory decorations outside Winter tires. Their presence is due to the fact that the wheels must resist the ice, snow cover and watery coatings.
The question of how to choose the right winter tires for the car, may not affect the nuances of noise cancellation. Excessively active and dense profile inevitably contributes to the development of the characteristic hum and even whistles, therefore, this nuance is taken into account in the process of choice.
Rubber varieties
The entire tire market can be divided into two segments: European and Scandinavian tires.
The first option involves ensuring an effective hitch with a coating in the conditions of rain and wet snow. That is, on the one hand, the material is designed for not the most severe weather conditions, but, in terms of driving, they are extremely heavy. Technically european rubber It is characterized by the presence of a diagonal pattern of a tread, which provides a lot of drainage grooves. This feature relates European tires with so-called anti-bodies.
Now it is worth answering the question about how to choose the right winter tires for the car from the Europeangent. First of all, it is important to pay attention to the quality of the performance of thin lamellae-slopes and massive primrates, which are placed around the edges. The tougher these components are made on the surface of the rubber, the more confident will be the behavior of the car.
As for the Scandinavian rubber, it is designed to move on a snowy flooring and an icy road. It is characterized by such a tire by a developed network on the surface of the tread, which is formed not to slits, as in the case of European analogues, and specific figures applied in a checker order.
Studded or awakened?
Actually, the differences between "Lipochki" from the "Rysovok" are based on the concept of separation of Scandinavian and European tires. That is, studded tires due to the active surface effectively resist dangerous coatings. This is the optimal solution, if we are talking about the movement on ice or frozen snow crust.
Inspected rubber, devoid of active elements, it would seem at all useless in the period of bad weather, but it is not. The fact is that these types of winter tires mutually exclude the flaws of each other. Although studded tires in the best way manifest themselves on the outline of the floor, they should not be used on a dry and wet coverage. This is due to the fact that the presence of a pronounced tread pattern minimizes the area of \u200b\u200bdirect contact of the wheels with the road - as a result, the braking path increases. This disadvantage is just deprived of an unwanted rubber, close by the characteristics to the European.
Basic selection parameters
After determining the appropriate type of tires, you can proceed to a more detailed study of the optimal operational parameters of rubber. So, to the main characteristics that will depend on the operating properties of tires include wear resistance, and load indicator.
In labeling, wear resistance can be designated as Treadwear and calculated in units. To understand how to choose winter tires for a car for this parameter, this example can be given: 100 units. Wear resistance on average correspond to 50 thousand km of mileage.
As for the high-speed index, it is denoted by Latin letters N, Zr, S, etc. Optimal is the format S, since it does not limit the fans of fast driving and at the same time differs in low wear.
The load indicator, in turn, is calculated according to specific data. This figure should be no more than 35% of the mass of the car in the exhaust state.
BRIDGESTONE tire reviews
The brand is not bad popularized, which allows products to regularly occupy places in the first sales positions. Users appreciate tire data for stable, although not premium, but optimal quality, almost always impeccable operating properties of the rubber mixture, as well as increased wear resistance.
Now it is worthwhile to consider how to choose the winter tires for the car. Reviews of the last series on the first place put the Blizzak Spike model. The features of the modification refers to the presence of a V-shaped directional pattern, as well as an increased number of lamellas with a modified form of cross-grooves. In practice, these qualities contribute to the effective removal of snow-water cashem from the contact spot.
Reviews about Dunlop tires
This manufacturer is less known, but the quality of the tires produced deserves attention. In many ways, the success of the firm is associated with its specialization. The manufacturer does a special emphasis on the development of rubber for the SUV segment, that is, the target audience, one can say, is formed by the owners of crossovers. In their own words, the tires cope with high loads, without losing the primary clutch qualities.
In the question of how to choose winter tires for a car from Dunlop offers, it is necessary to follow the requirements for brake qualities. This feature is the main factor in which products within the family differs. In general, the advantages of the products of this manufacturer include a well-thought-out rubber mixture, optimal rolling resistance and at the same time low cost.
Tire reviews Kumho
The South Korean brand became famous for a successful unwanted model for the WinterCraft car's passenger car. Starting on this developers did not become, and quite recently, the WS31 modification was released, intended for the crossover segments. Kumho tire car owners note the specific composition of rubber with increased rigidity in the tread blocks. Therefore, if the question of how to choose winter tires for a car under a severe ice, this option is quite suitable and drivers of SUV conductor and car owners. Driving practice confirms worthy indicators of manageability and, most importantly, confident braking on ice. It should also be noted that there is a sufficient clutch on a dry road and in conditions of heavy rain. This effect was achieved by introducing a large number of lamellae in the tread pattern.
Nokian tire reviews
Finnish products do not need a presentation. Nokian is one of major producers Winter tires, logically oriented on the characteristics of the Scandinavian type. But, of course, the European class is widely represented in the line of this brand. For example, WR A3-A4 modifications are considered by experts hardly as the best tires for winter in the category of untapped models. Car owners indicate the increased wear resistance of this rubber, as well as confidence when driving on snow cover. The developers have achieved a significant improvement in operational properties through the use of a special mixture, in which, besides natural rubber, canola oil was made, providing a more efficient coated coupling function.
If you have already thought about what to "shut" your car for the winter, we will tell you about the trends of this season, we will help you choose and orient in understanding the issue. So, winter tires - a way to protect yourself and your loved ones.
Winter tires: what? Where? when?
Tires are one of the main and permanent items of the car service, and if you still have not figured out that it is a winter tires, we will try to get to the bottom.
Winter tires are car tireswhich are specifically designed for operation during the cold season at a temperature not exceeding + 7 ° C. And how is winter tires differ from summer, and how important this is the difference?
Winter tires will help your car overreim without excesses
It is believed that the main difference between winter tires from summer is a tread drawing, but in fact it is not the most important difference. From childhood, you must remember what I got with an ordinary eraser in the cold - he literally broke and crumbled. In other words, rubber is a material that loses its properties (in this case elasticity) in conditions low temperatures. That is why modern manufacturers of automotive tires use all their experience in order to invent such chemical compositions of rubber, which would be "sharpened" for one or another season, one or another temperature range.
When you need to change and buy winter tires
The legislative time of changing summer rubber on the winter in our country is not agreed. In principle, in Russia, no one prohibits riding in a tuny frost on summer tires, so if you do not care about your own life with a high bell tower, you can close this page, forget about the existence of winter tires and continue your suicidal race.
The bulk of the car owners knows that the car should be "renob" when the columns are sleepily attached to the mark + 5 ° C, and the temperature continues to fall out every day, as if the ruble rate against the backdrop of the news from the Persian Gulf countries. If we talk about it from the point of view of calendar standards, then this is October-November.
As for the purchase of winter tires, it is important to remember that the sleigh is needed in the summer. Summer prices will be pleasantly pleased. And then you will need no more than half an hour to change the summer wheels on the prepared winter set.
Types of winter rubber and its characteristics
The device of winter tires is quite complicated. The main element is a protector that is performed from wear-resistant rubber. The base connects the protector with the inner layers of the tire and is responsible for reducing rolling resistance and reduce the impetus from irregularities.
Cord from steel works on an increase in the stability of the tire shape, increase stability when driving and increasing the mileage kilometer.
Under the steel cord is a gasket made from textile Cord, which has resistance to internal excess pressure.
Tire boards protect the frame made of special bands, which, in turn, are made of rubber.
The smoothness of the depreciation, as well as the stability of the controllability, is provided with the help of a wing ribbon, which is falling to the edge of the tires, closer to the wheel.
However, all this is only general characteristicswho are inherent in all winter tires. We need to understand the main types of their kinds to understand what our car will wish this winter.
Studded winter tires
This type of tires is designed to ride in the icing road. If you try to conquer on spikes asphalt, know - your attempt in absentia is doomed to a complete failure. On asphalted road covering The grip of studded tire leaves much to be desired.
Studded rubber is designed for iced roads
The studded tires extremely negatively affects the road surface, increasing the degree of its worn out only in one winter is 5-8 times. Despite this, about 70% of Russian car owners prefer this species of tires.
By this coating, you can ride only in studded tires.
For those who decided to purchase "spikes", it will be useful to know that such tires must be rolled in front of serious loads, which will allow the spikes to pass and consolidate them in the protective. The first 500 or 1 thousand kilometers try not to develop speed more than 80 km / h and exclude an emergency braking from the "diet" of your car.
Advantages and disadvantages of studded tires
| pros | Minuses |
|---|---|
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Spikes work perfectly on snowy and iced roads |
Wet road crosses all positive qualities of studded rubber. On the wet and dry asphalt, the spikes essentially lengthen the braking path and reduce durability. In the loose snow, as well as on the swampy primer, the studded tires are "saved" the car and can even put it "on the belly". |
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The brake path on the ice in the studded tire is much shorter than that of the "smooth" |
The comfort of the ride is reduced due to the noise of tires equipped with spikes |
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The spikes destroy the asphalt roadbed (in some countries for this reason, the studded rubber is outlawed) |
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Such tires, albeit slightly, but still increase fuel consumption |
Inspected winter tires
Rubber without spikes is divided into European and Scandinavian classes. The first was developed in order to ensure best clutch With wet or wet snow covered road. main feature Such tires are a network of drainage channels on the protective and powerful soils on it.
Wet snow perfectly coped with awkward winter tires
The Scandinavian class of winter tires was designed for roads, which winter hides under the snow. They are ideal for Russia. The discharged tread pattern consisting of rectangles and diamonds provides perfect clutch with an icy or snow-covered track.
Colored tire marks
Each tire manufacturer affects its product tags that are designed to navigate when installing tires. After installing the label must be located next to the nipple. By the way, this is a great way to check the qualifications of tire workers in which you are serviced. Nuance about colored labels should know every professional.
Tire and ABS communication: there is no problem
The bulk modern cars Equipped with an anti-lock system, which is often called an "electronic collar". That is why it is not to be surprised that many foreign manufacturers of tires orient their products on cars with electronic systems. For example, if the vehicle is equipped with a course stability system, then when turning turns, the best result will be achieved if the tire protector is cut by longitudinal slats. The same situation and with ABS. If the tire slip factor is less than 10%, the tires with longitudinal grooves will have a significantly larger coefficient with a road surface than tires with a transverse "cutting", which can be called classic. In the event that there is no anti-lock system, the situation is directly opposite - it is best to lock the wheels that exactly the transverse lamellas.
Thus, constructors of modern tires are wondering - how to find a compromise between the properties of the tires in the presence or absence of electronic systems. The trend of the last decade is such that preference is most often given to the qualities that are manifested only if there is an ABS and course stability systems.
And what about those who drive a car without ABS? Constantly use the method of intermittent braking? It is unlikely that effective solutionTherefore, the tires designed for cars equipped with ABS is better to brake from it will not be. The thing is that ensuring the constancy of the slip coefficient within 10-15 percent for a person is simply impossible. It is still, if a person was able to provide the frequency of impact on the brake pedal, which is capable of anti-lock system - up to 15 shots on the brake per second. Therefore, the only way out remains - to pick up "shoes" for your car, which would be perfect for cars without electronic systems.
At first glance, all this may seem insignificant and petty, but the difference in the brake path between the tires, which are intended for cars with ABS, and tires that are able to demonstrate good results with a high slipping ratio, can reach 10, or even 15 percent. If you translate these numbers into more familiar values \u200b\u200bfor us, it turns out that when braking in the floor at a speed of 50 km / h, if there is an ABS, the difference can be almost 10 meters. Are you still thinking that these are little things?
We will try to sort some tire models that are very popular among drivers. And we will do it by a non-obvious feature - on the brake path that the car passes without an anti-lock system.
Top Winter Tires 2011 - 2012
| Picture | Mark. |
|---|---|
 |
In the first place tires Michelin X-Ice North, the soft composition of the rubber mixture of which and the presence of a large number of transverse lamellas make braking as efficient as possible. Even if the wheels are completely blocked, these tires provide an acceptable braking path. |
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Second place was given to tires Goodyear Ultra Grip.which demonstrate good braking qualities in both full blocking of the wheels and on the verge of blocking. Among other things, the feature of the Winter Tires Goodyear is also that the driver can quite easily feel the moment when the wheels begin to be blocked and apply intermittent braking. These tires are the best option for those drivers who own the intake of intermittent braking on cars without ABS. |
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Third place got domestic tires Amtel Nordmaster. Apparently, these tire designers took into account the fact that the bulk of cars in Russia is not equipped with an anti-lock system. That is why these tires allow you to feel good to feel the moment of blocking the wheels. |
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Fourth place are tires Nokian Hakkapeliitta.who are not bad inhibit the "yuz", but the moment of starting the blocking is felt on them, to be honest, it does not matter. This greatly complicates the use of the method of intermittent braking. However, by car, equipped with ABS, these tires behave just great. |
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Top 5 closure tires Continental Contiwintervikingwhich are perfectly focused on "electronic assistants." |
Specific brands of tires were not specifically indicated, because the problem of behavior of one or another rubber on vehicles without ABS can be called more ideological than technological. That is why all manufacturers choose their own strategy: Continental takes a landmark for cars with "electronic assistants", Michelin prefers the balance of characteristics, Nokian bets on ... unpredictability.
Ways to save on winter tires
Illiterate savings
Using winter tires in winter.
Here and speak, by and large, nothing about. Riding in ice on summer tires is an unjustified and taking fatal risk.
Using winter rubber used.
Worn by 50% winter tires, despite the fact that it looks like new, does not have the qualities that are characteristic high-quality tires For ride in winter. If you consider that you can use such a "Baewit" no longer than one season, then savings in this case are a phantom that gave rise to your desire to save.
The service life of winter tires, as a rule, is no more than 2-4 seasons. It all depends on those thousand kilometers who had to measure the odometer of your car.
Using "Alsezonka".
Immediately it is worth saying blindly believers that the all-season rubber in nature does not happen. It should also be aware of the fact that there is only summer and winter tires, and "All-season" is just a way of compromise. In the West, this compromise is fully justified, because the mild winter of Europe is far from the harsh climate of Russia, in which the annual temperature variation is something about 60 degrees. Do you really walk in the snow in the las, if skiing in the corner?
Choose tires with the same tread to avoid driving
Using an incomplete kit.
If you do not have enough money for four tires, and winter is already breathing in the back of the head, then buy ... four tires. In this case, the difference between the two and four winter tires can cost you life. And this is without exaggerations and unnecessary intimidations.
In the article number 12.5 of the Admistant Offencing Code, it is said that the car owner may be imposed a fine in the event that a seeded and non-seized tires are simultaneously installed on the car or on one axis of the car there are different tires.
Competent savings
You can save on the purchase of tires if "play" with dimensions. No one tells you to radically retreat from the recommendations that the car manufacturer gives the tires used. But it is also not worth perceive everything literally. The cost of the tires depends on parameters such as the planting diameter and profile.
In addition, pay attention to the tire speed index - the higher its value, the greater the "green American presidents" move from your wallet in the seller's pocket. If you never go faster 150 km / h, there is no point in buying tires with a speed index higher than R.
Maximum Tire Speed \u200b\u200bIndices
| index | mAX speed km / h |
|---|---|
| F. | 80 |
| G. | 90 |
| J. | 100 |
| K. | 110 |
| L. | 120 |
| M. | 130 |
| N. | 140 |
| P. | 150 |
| Q. | 160 |
| R. | 170 |
| S. | 180 |
| T. | 190 |
| H. | 210 |
| V. | 240 |
| W. | 270 |
| Y. | 300 |
How to choose the right winter tires
Manufacturer.
If you keep the quality in the target, then immediately give up domestic tireswhose quality, to put it mildly, unstable. Attention should be paid to the products of such famous brands like Nokian, Bridgestone, Pirelli, Gislaved or Michelin. If you are important in the first budget, then be prepared for the fact that these tires have a degree of wear will be rapidly. Domestic tires cost in the range of 2-2.5 thousand rubles, while the overseas production product will cost about 3.5-4.5 thousand rubles per wheel.
Figure tread.
Selecting this parameter depends entirely on the conditions in which the car is operated. If you are lucky enough to ride in the winter along a good road, which is regularly removed, make a choice in favor of small checkers. But in the event that you constantly have to conquer jomolungms of snowdrifts, choose more aggressive pattern.
Age of the model.
New models are definitely more expensive than old, but it is not necessary to abandon what was relevant a year ago. The only drawback of obsolete models is that if necessary, it may be difficult for you to find one bus to replace the failed.
Planned mileage.
In the event that you know for sure that the car mileage will be impressive during the season, do not suck on good tiresBecause cheap wear fast enough, and your savings will play in the box earlier than you understand it.
Best manufacturers and marks of winter rubber
Many publications conduct independent tests of winter tires, and if they compile their results, it will be a good guidelines for the choice of rubber.
| Picture | Mark. | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 |
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Nokian.(The minimum price is 2.5 thousand rubles): excellent braking characteristics on icing road, as well as unsurpassed car control in any conditions. |
| 2 |
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Michelin.(Minimum price of 3.2 thousand rubles): High quality products, the company built a factory in the territory of the Russian Federation, which made it possible to significantly reduce prices. |
| 3 |
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Gislaved(The minimum price is 2.8 thousand rubles.): Winter tires of the Nord Frost series of this Swedish manufacturer are particularly popular. |
| 4 |
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Pirelli.(The minimum price is 2.55 thousand rubles): a huge selection of sizes, low noise and high speed characteristics. |
| 5 |
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Goodyear.(minimum price of 2.65 thousand rubles): diversity technical characteristics and a wide range that allows you to choose a tire for any car. |
| 6 |
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Dunlop.(Minimum price of 2.65 thousand rubles): The British Dunlop company is the oldest in the world for the production of tires. |
| 7 |
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Vredestein.(The minimum price is 1.5 thousand rubles): the most reliable clutch with the roadpapers and comfort while driving. |
| 8 | Cordiant(Minimum price of 2.1 thousand rubles.): Gorgeous tires designed specifically for operation in the context of Russian roads. | |
| 9 |
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Bridgestone.(the minimum price is 2.8 thousand rubles.): Strong side cords make it possible to use tires on poor-quality road surfaces, and modern technologies are a guarantee of confident control over the car. |
| 10 |
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Hankook.(the minimum price is 1.4 thousand rubles): tires from the Korean manufacturer provide pretty high quality at a relatively low price. |
| 11 | Kama.(The minimum price is 1.5 thousand rubles): the most adapted to the harsh conditions of the Russian winter and domestic roads. |
- Nokian.
- Bridgestone.
- Michelin.
- Continental
- Goodyear.
- Vredestein.
In the next material dedicated to winter tires, we will present an overview best models tires of this season. Do not switch!
One of the most expensive and responsible moments in the service of the Iron horse becomes the choice of winter rubber. Winter in Russia will differ significantly from European or Asian climatic conditions. To safely move around for frozen roads, you need to know which rubber to choose for the winter for your car.
Features of the use of winter tires
Car tires make up one of the essential costs of expenses in the budget of the owner. That is why there are doubts about motorists in expediency to have two sets of wheels, some of which are for the summer season, and others - for the operation of the car in the winter. There is a problem in front of the car enthusiaeer, what to choose tires to safely carry yourself and their loved ones on the snow-covered streets and tracks?
Winter tires is a specially designed automotive product, which can be operated at temperatures below + 7 ° C. The main difference between such tires from summer models is not in the figure and depth of the tread, which, first of all, novice motorists pay attention. The main difference lies in the properties of rubber.
As you know, rubber is a material, the elasticity of which depends on temperature ambient. So it is necessary to rein the manufacturers of tires to invent various chemical compositions so that the wear-resistant wheel at the same time turned out. For winter, tires are required that retain elasticity at low negative temperatures.
Laws in many countries do not regulate the use of winter rubber, but only recommend to use it. But if the motorist is not indifferent to the preservation of the life of loved ones and their own, then it will not save on security.
Car shoes for winter
The selection of winter tires must be made long before the winter. After all, in the middle of autumn, the weather can be given a unpleasant surprise in the form of frost or wet snow. For some cars with summer tires, it can play a cruel joke. Yes, and the cost of winter tires in summer is significantly lower than in a hot autumn-winter time.
Winter tires have a rather complicated device.
- The main element of the tire is the protector, which is made of wear-resistant rubber. There are European and Scandinavian types of prototors. Scandinavian wheels are distinguished by a large distance between the tread wheels, and the lamellas in them are deeper and wide. European models of winter tires have proven themselves on wet and dry asphalt. And the advantage of the Scandinavian winter tires is manifested when driving on the roads with loose snow or mud.
- The tread connection with the inside of the tire is carried out through the database, which is responsible for decreasing rolling and for the leveling of the journey from the roads.
- The stable shape of the wheel must support steel cord. Thanks to the metal construction, the tire is resistant to auto and durability.
This is only a small part of those elements that are used in the manufacture of winter tires. The quality of the tire depends on the properties of the material and compliance with the technological chain.
When visiting the car market or after a conversation with experienced drivers, a novice car enthusiast can learn about the studded types of winter rubber. And additionally, the question appears, what kind of winter tires to choose, studded or without spikes?
Winter studded tires
Studded winter wheels are designed for trips by the selected road. Metal spikes are absorbed into the ice crust, increasing the clutch of the wheel with a winter road. But with frequent ride on asphalt, metal spikes are loss, and the roadbed is destroyed. If the car owner decided to give preference to studded rubber, several important points should be known during its operation.
- The first 500-1000 km need to roll up new wheels, limiting the speed of movement at 80 km / h. This will make the "wipe" of spikes and more reliably fasten them in a tire.
- Using the tires with spikes, the driver needs to change the sport style ride on calm movement. It is necessary to eliminate such driving manners as touching slipping or emergency braking.
To the pluses of studded rubber include:
- excellent work on icing and snow-covered roads;
- reducing the brake path on the ice compared to the smooth tread.
The minuses of such wheels will be:
- lengthening the brake path on dry and wet coating;
- installing wheels on a swampy road;
- increasing noise;
- destruction of asphalt coating;
- some increase in fuel consumption.
Winter awakened tires
In the European part of Russia, the winter is not distinguished by constancy. After severe frosts can come tightening thaws, under New Year It happens to rain, and in February it can melt the snow. Therefore, choosing tires for winter motorists will give preference to untapped wheels.
An ideal option for Russian conditions is the Scandinavian version of winter tires. An excellent clutch with a roadbed provides a discharged tread pattern, which consists of diamonds and rectangles.
The main advantages of the unwanted rubber look like this:
- excellent parameters for moving across asphalt (dry or wet);
- preservation of its parameters during operation in warm weather;
- minimal noise increase;
- "Careful attitude" to asphalt roads.
The main disadvantage of the nothesive rubber is unsuitable for movement on the roads covered with an ice crust.
Impact on the choice of brake tires type
Most modern vehicles are equipped with anti-lock systems brakes. They prevent the occurrence of drift, not allowing the wheels to go to the "UZ" with a sharp pressed on the brake pedal. It is not surprising that many foreign tire manufacturers produce wheels under cars with electronic systems.
What to select tires depending on the type of brake system? When the machine is equipped with a course stability system, the best results when passing turns are achieved by using tires with longitudinal tread slats. A similar situation is observed and in the case of ABS. In the absence of anti-lock electronic braking tools, the opposite picture is observed. When the wheel lock occurs, the best result shows rubber with transverse lamellas. It is not possible to find a compromise in this matter, so manufacturers prefer the release of tires under modern cars with ABS.
So before choosing winter tires, you should pay attention to brake system His car. And if someone thinks this question, then under equal conditions, the difference in the sliding coefficient can reach 10-15%. When translating dry numbers to the actual meters of the brake path it turns out that emergency braking At a speed of 50 km / h, the difference is 10 m.
The best winter tires of recent years
If we abstract from the price indicator, the most popular winter tires are made abroad. In recent years, motorists have managed to feel the excellent properties of the next brands.
- One of the unconditional leaders in the production of winter rubber is the company Michelin. The X-ICE North model is soft, the presence of a large number of transverse lamellas. Even with complete locking wheels, the tires provide the most efficient braking.
- The next leader is among winter species Shin is Goodyear Ultra Grip. Tires provide an acceptable brake path not only in case of blocking wheels, but also on the verge of stopping the rotation. Moving on a car without ABS, experienced driver It may feel when blocking occurs, and proceed to step-in braking.
- Excellent winter tires are made in Russia under the Amtel Nordmaster brand. At the design stage, designers took into account the feature of the Russian fleet, where many cars are not equipped with electronic braking systems. This rubber allows you to clearly determine the moment of blocking the wheels.
- The highest quality demonstrates Nokian Hakkapeliitta winter tires. They work well when braking "Yuz", that's just the moment of blocking is practically not felt. Such rubber is best to buy for cars with ABS.
- With the orientation of modern vehicles are made by Continental Contiwinterviking tires. They work perfectly on the winter road in a pair with electronic system Brakes.
Many motorists, not knowing, nothing about tires, want to get a specific model. But in this case, much depends on the ownership of the automotive braking skills.
Economy options
When buying winter rubber, many car enthusiasts want to save a little. However, in most cases, savings can negatively affect security.
Among absolutely unacceptable ways of saving, it is necessary to allocate:
- use of summer tires in winter;
- purchase of used winter rubber;
- application "All-season";
- installing new winter tires only on 2 drive wheels.
There is a competent approach to savings when "re-circulation" of the car for the winter. You can spend less money if you purchase a smaller bus. It is important to notice that in no case cannot retreat from the recommendations of the automaker. But on the same car can be used wheels with different profiles, and also differ in the speed index. The higher the indicators, the more expensive the tire is estimated. If in the winter the motorist does not exceed the speed of 100 km / h, then you should not choose the rubber with the index more than k (110 km / h).
The main characteristics of winter tires
For a novice car enthusiast to understand how to choose winter tires, you should stay in the following basic parameters.
With sufficient financial resources, give preference better to proven foreign brands. These are world leaders like:
- Michelin;
- Gislaved;
- Pirelli;
- Bridgestone;
- Nokian.
When there are restrictions in the family budget, then optimal option Can be found in domestic products. It is best to draw your gaze to rubber, created with the participation of foreign partners.
- Choosing a tire for riding in winter, it is necessary to decide on the pattern of the tread. If the car comes from good roads, which are regularly removed from snow, it is better to stay on small checkerels. For the assault of deep snowdrifts, an aggressive type of drawing is required.
- An important point when choosing winter rubber becomes the age of the model. The new items that appeared are definitely valued more expensive than old samples. But it is not necessary to abandon the tested and loved tires.
- Much decides when selection of tires for winter planned machine mileage. When the car leaves his yard or garage only on weekends, here you can think about savings. But if the vehicle runs daily by hundreds of kilometers, then you need to buy high-quality winter tires.
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Winter, as usual, comes unexpectedly, and in advance about the acquisition of tires we have few people worry before the onset of the "Tinsmith's Day". After the dance begins with the choice and purchase. Some motorists have already passed this stage, but many are still at the beginning of the road. The main question is traditional - spikes or velcro? To know absolutely all the subtleties of the tires is impossible, since the technology does not stand still. But, the general specificity of the subject does not prevent.
Spikes or velcro: How to choose the desired winter tires for a car in a car shop?
The transition time with summer tires is known - this is the average daily temperature + 7 ° C. In these conditions rubber mixture For warm weather, functions at the limit of coupling properties. Therefore, experienced motorists prefer to retrain in advance. The only difficulty causes the question that choose: friction or studded wheels? Therefore, it makes sense to briefly explore the features of these types of auto strokes.
Friction tires
To know how to choose winter tires on a car, you need to know that the untrocated cylinders for winter differ from the summer large amounts of lamellas on tread blocks. This factor contributes to a better contact with coatings such as ice and snow. In the same time, divided into two subspecies:
- Scandinavian - Designed for harsh winters. Have a soft rubber composition and an increased lamellae.
- European - Used in a soft winter. The number of lamellaes is minimal, but the structure is more hard.
To distinguish the externally, these two types of "frictional" simply: at the Scandinavian joint joints of the supporting part of the tread and the sidewalls bevered at an angle. European samples have this place rounded the type of summer tires. Who else does not know how to choose the winter tires for the car, should keep in mind that European non-seep wheels in characteristics are very close to all-season.
Recently, some car enthusiasts began to argue that since the winter began to be honestly, it is quite possible to do the all-season, and sometimes you can hear as summer tires. The danger of such delusions is not understanding structural features. First of all, a rubber mixture of summer and all-season copies is not designed to work in negative temperatures, which means it is not able to provide decent engagement with the road.
In the EU countries drivers from such illusions have long been "cured" at the legislative level, forcing them for the use of appropriate tires during the cold season. In Russia, such Still in development, but fortunately, most domestic motorists are reasonable people, and seasonal wheels have long exploited.
Witched tires
Numerous tests show that the temperature range, when the spikes and velcro are equally effective when braking is from -12 to -15 ° C. At lower temperature testimony of "frictional" show the best results than Because spike is no longer able to pierce solid ice. A completely different pattern is observed at temperatures above -15 ° C, on tests, the main mass of spikes is leading almost all types of exercises:
- Fast overclocking on ice.
- Short brake path.
- Good handling during maneuvers.
The difference between the tires was especially noticeable when the ice and the snow are maximally slippery. Everyone who is interested in how to choose winter tires on a car, I must take into account that modern "hips" and on the asphalt turns out to be ahead of the friction wheels. Very informative test results at different temperatures from the editorial "behind the wheel", which are presented in the table.
The best technologies allow wheels with spikes to demonstrate quite predicted behavior both on dry and on the wet track. There is nothing surprising - a soft mixture of the Scandinavian non-cheated tire on pure asphalt is already playing a negative role. Another thing is a studded wheel, in which the composition of rubber is tougher to retain the spikes, therefore such a tire for asphalt is preferable.
In the snow, the spikes no longer affect the permeability and handling of the car, that's why different types Tires are followed. In addition, belief remained that the spikes slide when braking on the asphalt. Such a disadvantage occurs only in the case of obsolete constructions tires.
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Current manufacturers use a soft rubber substrate under a spike body, which makes it possible to be able to be completely taken with the movement of pure asphalt. True, this innovation has a small minus - at temperatures below -15 ° C, spikes can be drawn and yield to "frictional". However, it will help a simple rule - ride in strong frost On the studded tires more neatly.
Protector: How to pick up winter tires on a car for a particular climate?
Make a universal bus with unsurpassed properties so far no one has come up with. Shooting the point of balance in one direction or another, each manufacturer produces the lineup Tires for winter, which have different grip strengths, snow and asphalt. In some cases, motorists themselves tuning friction wheels Thereby increasing the car's passability.
Car lubers interested in how to choose the right winter tires for their car, should take into account the results of special tests. They help the car owner to choose the optimal option "shoes". At the same time, the tread pattern is able to specify which tires need to be used in each specific case without any damage to the drive:
- The wedge-shaped protector (V-shaped) is effective when dealing with an aquaplaning phenomena, it copes well with snow porridges and drifts.
- The director with longitudinal grooves - confidently behaves on a dry road, and also removes water from the spack of contact.
- Asymmetric protector - a compromise of the two above figures, but, unfortunately, not always successful, so snow drifts May become a serious obstacle for such a wheel.
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European Type Tire Features
Inspected European Type Tires In most of its majority, 5-6 mm and high-speed indexes are produced at their own tread height. T, H. and V.what corresponds to the range 190-240 km / h. The main regions of using such wheels are the southern regions of the country, where mostly noble winter winters, i.e. They do not differ special permeability.
Scandinavian Type Tire Features
On the other hand, Scandinavian more "sharpened" to overcome the snow-covered road. However, before choosing such a winter tire on your car, it should be noted that the index R and Q. Limits them speed mode before 160-180 km / h. The drawing has a high protector of 8-9 mm with small checkers, which are divided by wide channels.
Let's summarize
In the matter of choice, it is necessary to take into account the regional climatic situation, the level of training and functionality of utilities, as well as the level of the noise of the cylinder. In addition, it is not bad to think about At home. Disadvantages of dignity tires with spikes Formed a set of features of their scope:
- The spikes effectively punch the top layer of ice than guarantee excellent acceleration and braking.
- The layer on which the spikes are mounted is quite rigid, but in the aggregate with the damping system, durable and informative contact with the road surface is formed.
- The characteristics of the studded tire are sharply reduced after 15-20 ° C of frost.
- Regardless of the cost, metal spikes are capable of disrupting acoustic comfort even in a premium car.
Friction tires It is characterized by a set of following properties:
- High speed parameters.
- Low noise.
- High grip with dry and wet coating.
- A high resistance coefficient of aquaplaning effect.
- At temperatures below -15 ° C, friction properties are higher than that of studded tires.
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Every year during the period from the end of autumn and before the beginning of winter, almost every owner of the car is given a very important and urgent question: to change the summer tires for the winter and when it is to carry out this procedure.
To begin with, all motorists should be remembered that no matter how untipically soft and warm and our winters in the past few years, it is still necessary to put winter tires, because it is from this factor that the safety of driving during the cold season. Most road traffic accidents in winter It happens just because the car with unsuitable tires sometimes becomes almost uncontrollable, thereby putting the integrity of the car and even the life and health of road participants.
Even if in the winter it is planned to ride exclusively on urban roads with a well-purified coating, the summer tires must be changed to the winter, just like a slightly change their way of driving.
Doing the replacement of rubber and look into the nearest tireage costs it is already when the indicators on the thermometer are lowered to the mark of minus 7-5 degrees Celsius - it is at this time that it is worth installing winter tires on your car.
Important! If you use a special winter tires at a higher air temperature, then there is a risk not only to spoil the tires - in such cases, the stability of the machine on the road is significantly reduced.
Nothing terrible in the fact that the "Pereobuvka" of the car occurred earlier than hit the frost and snow fell, no. It is possible to operate winter tires without any damage for them with a sufficiently large temperature range. At the same time, it is undoubtedly, it is better to ride in winter tires at a low plus temperature than to be on a snow-covered or icing road with summer tires!
Important! It is strictly recommended to use summer tires in frosty weather - with an approach to zero temperature, summer tires becomes "oak", and this, in turn, can be the cause of the drift even on a relatively dry road.
1. Types of winter rubber and its characteristics
As for the choice of a specific type of winter rubber, each motorist decides which tires to choose, in their own way. The selection of winter tires mainly depends on some criteria for winter drive: from driving skills and driver's experience, from weather conditions in a particular region, well, and also from where and for what roads will most often travel to cars.
Based on these factors, and you should choose a specific type of winter tires, and the main choice will go between what is suitable - velcro or spikes? It is for these two different types Mostly shared winter tires, although winter tires may also differ in size, drawing, presence or absence of cameras and so on.
2. Studded winter tires
Winter studded tires is very popular, such tires are distinguished mainly by the fact that their protector is covered with spikes made of solid metal. The car, equipped with studded tires, will be noticeably more stable, moving on the earliest roads - the spikes will be able to prevent the wheel slipping, and the braking path of the car in such conditions will significantly decrease.
By the way, not all motorists know that studded winter tires can be covered with spikes immediately, or on specially produced spike bus are installed later (in such tires there are specific recesses intended for spikes).
2.1 Varieties of Shipov
In order to choose the best winter thundered tires, it is worth paying attention to the fact that the spikes themselves are also different from each other in shape and divided into certain varieties. Each such species of thorns has its purpose and its advantages, knowing about which, you can decide which rubber is better suitable for a particular case. The most inexpensive costs, and therefore round spikes are considered the most common spikes on winter tires, while they provide the weakest grip with ice-covered dear.
A little to the best option is the spikes of oval shape - they provide a safer movement on the ice, and also reduce the noise level when driving. Tires with oval spikes can be found in the middle price category of winter studded rubber.
There are tires with tetrahedral and hexagon spikes, they are the most expensive. The disadvantages of such spikes include their fast wear - the edges of the spikes have the property to wear with time, while losing its main advantage. Also four- and hexagon spikes more often than others may fall out, since their holding element is more inclined to wear.
2.2 Advantages and disadvantages of studded tires
Very many drivers prefer to put winter studded tires on their cars, considering that it ensures the most comfortable and safe ride in the cold season. This statement can be considered true, but only partially, since the studded tires have a number of flaws that will become very significant in some conditions.
All motorists should be aware that the ideal coating for movement on the studded auto strokes is the ice or the same rammed snow. Well, while driving on dry asphalt (which most often happens in winter on the roads of cities), the studded tires will be more likely to interfere with safe Movement and an increase in the vehicle braking pathway.
In addition, such features of the "behavior" of studded tires on a dry road indicates that their installation should be engaged later - with the onset of frosts. However, beginners behind the wheel for a winter ride (and in our country, such a ride can always be considered exemplary) It is recommended to set the tires with spikes.
Important!In all conditions when driving in a car with studded winter tires It is strongly recommended to ride at a rate not exceeding the threshold of 120 km / h.
3. Inspected Winter Rubber
Those drivers of cars that still have not yet decided on the choice between the so-called velcro or spikes, it will be worth learn about some features of the operation of untouched tires. Friction tires are perfectly suitable for riding on snow-covered roads, and even better for roads covered by the fact that we are called "porridge" - a mixture of snow and dirt.
3.1 Types of friction rubber
Winter friction rubber can be divided into two of different types: European and Scandinavian. The first is designed for softer European winters and for comfortable movement when driving in the rain or wet snow. The second is suitable for movement with more severe weather conditions and driving on iced and covered snow roads.
Also, the Scandinavian not saped rubber differs from the European pattern of a tread, which consists mostly from the figures of a rhombid or rectangular shape, which are located in a checker order. The European-type friction rubber prevails mainly diagonal drawing and a large number of drainage channels.
In addition, the unwanted winter tires may differ in some features of the tread pattern; There are tires with a classic pattern, high-speed winter tires, rubber for off-road and tires with an asymmetric pattern of the tread (the latter is slightly improved bus analogue with a classic pattern).
3.2 How to work velcro tires
The peculiarity of the winter tires of the Liphek is a certain rather complex pattern of the tread and the presence of a lamella on it, which allows the machine to be more resistant on the winter road, especially during overclocking or braking. An additional clutch with a winter road canal also provides long groceries-drainage, as well as bridges located on the lateral edges.
4. What to pay attention to the selection of winter tires
Already with the final choice of winter tires and their subsequent purchase (already deciding with what you need - velcro or spikes) it is advisable to pay attention to other features. These include load indicator, speed index, actually, specific type of rubber, its wear resistance, certification and other. All this information can be determined by the tire marking, the date of manufacture of the tire is also indicated, on which it is also advisable to pay attention.
Interesting fact! It is curious that the smallest bus around the world has only about five millimeters in diameter and less than one millimeter in width, this mini-tire has been designed for a miniature copy of Toyota AA car.
Some car owners prefer to buy wider winter tires, however, according to experts, in this matter the size of the tires does not affect the stability of the car on the winter road.
Sometimes car enthusiasts, trying to spend on the preparation of the machine for the winter, if possible, stop their choice on winter tires used, which can be purchased at a markedly low price. A similar choice can be acceptable only if the new rubber is practically not worn, and this recommendation also concerns their own last year's winter tires - it is necessary to monitor their degree of wear.
Important! When going to "rebuild" your vehicle in winter tires, you should know that you will need to purchase five identical tires, and not four and, moreover, not two. The same drivers who seek to save and install tires for a winter ride only to drive wheels (especially this applies to the owners of the front-wheel drive car) risks to get into the skid and even arrange an accident.
5. Manufacturers of the best winter rubber
As for the choice of winter rubber manufacturers, here the main parameter is the solvency of the car owner. Of course, the best winter tires will be expensive, and they produce their famous companies on the whole world - Pirelli, Michelin, Nokian, Continental, Goodyear, Bridgestone other. A good choice can be relatively inexpensive winter tires of the production of Poland, the Czech Republic or even Russia and Ukraine.
Interesting! The status of the most expensive tires in the world can rightly carry some positions from the products produced by the world-famous Italian company Pirelli - tire value Pirelli scorpion. Zero, which was originally developed for Lamborghini, can reach the amount of $ 900.
Well, regardless of which winter tires were installed on the car, you should not forget that in the cold season it is necessary to pay more attention to safe ride In order to avoid all trouble on the roads.
