With the arrival of winter cold, every car owner must change summer wheels to winter ones. And this is where many questions begin. How to do this, what kind of rubber is best to choose and when exactly the deadlines for "re-shoes" come.
Our country has a huge size and I must say that the weather situation in all regions is different, therefore, the timing of rubber replacement is set at different times. The first to start preparing for winter are the northernmost regions, this happens already in mid-October, and often even earlier. But the topic of winter tires is relevant for many regions.
Russia, therefore, the issue of winter "shoes" for a car is a burning issue for all motorists. So, what is special about winter tires and when should you put it on?
What is the difference between winter tires and summer tires
Some owners passenger cars they think with confidence that the main difference between the summer and winter versions lies only in the pattern on the tread and its profile depth. Of course, this also makes a difference, but that's not all. First of all, these are different rubber compounds. Summer shoe mix is \u200b\u200bmuch more resistant to high temperatures. Such rubber allows you to reliably "cling" to the road surface, it does not blur at high air and asphalt temperatures. However, when it gets colder outside, it becomes "oak" and does not provide the necessary grip.
It should be said about the temperature threshold at which such changes occur. The lower threshold is determined by the temperature +7, and the critical point is at zero. At zero temperatures, summer wheels slip and do not fulfill their main function, they become dangerous.
For winter wheels, the tires are softer and not so susceptible to a drop in temperature, but at an indicator of +7 and above, they begin to blur, which inevitably leads to rapid wear, as well as some inconvenience on an asphalt or concrete road.
Tread profile heights also affect ride comfort. The deeper the drawing, the better the wheels adhere to the surface. There are also special devices in the form of studs, which provide a more reliable ride on slippery road surfaces. Not all drivers put them, but those who use this device undoubtedly have an advantage in safety on winter roads and tracks.
When to use winter tires
With the change of season for drivers, “ headache»Associated with the change of wheels, and many cannot determine the period when it is finally time. Indeed, there is no clear answer for counting down, and everyone solves this problem for themselves. The specific numbers and the process itself depend on the geographic location and climatic conditions.
There are rules established behind the scenes. They say that as soon as the air temperature has ceased to rise above +7 degrees, you can start changing your car's shoes. But several experienced drivers give the following advice: if you go out into the street in the morning and find ice on the puddles, this is a sign to change the tires and the winter version.
Therefore, take any of the options as a rule, because in our time with weather conditions it is rather difficult to guess. After freezing, warmth comes and remains for almost a month. There were off-seasons in the middle lane, when it was necessary to change wheels twice during one fall.
In Moscow and the regions around the capital, usually by the end of October, all drivers have already changed their tires, since during this period the temperature remains at zero even in the daytime.
You can pay attention to the following indicators, which give an idea of \u200b\u200bthe periods of wheel change in different regions of the country.
- Moscow - from 15.10 - 25.10 the period for the installation of winter tires, and from 10.04 - 16.04 we set the summer;
- Novosibirsk - 12.10 - 17.10 winter, 24.04-30.04 - summer;
- Irkutsk - 10.10 - 16.10 winter, 25.10-30.10 - summer;
- Perm - 12.10 - 17.10 winter tires, 17.10 - 23.10 summer tires.
These are deadlines for replacement, therefore, in some cases, the “shoes” should be replaced earlier, this will save time, money and nerves. In service centers, real excitement begins when the weather changes dramatically, so you should take care of changing wheels in advance so as not to get into long queues.
Features of the use of all-season rubber
I must say that this european type tires designed for mild climates. In our conditions, you can use such rubber if the thermometer does not show below +7. Special marking "M + S" on the wheels indicates that these tires can be used when operating on mud or snowy roads.
Important! The use of off-season wheels is unsafe in high temperatures as braking distances can increase up to 40%, and wear increases up to 50%. But that's not all, fuel consumption is also increasing and can exceed 15%.
What are the other features of "off-season"? The fact that it has absorbed indicators from two types of rubber, but this does not make it a panacea, moreover, it is quite dangerous for use in any season. Such tires are suitable only for regions close to Europe, or for those who rarely drive their car. Thus, you can significantly save money spent on the seasonal reboot.
Fines for improper use of rubber
Since 2015, a technical regulation has been in effect on the territory of our country, which was developed in the Customs Union. This document states that in the period from December to February it is impossible to drive on the roads without winter tires. Further it is written that in the summer months (June-August) you should only use summer option rubber. Naturally, Russia, which has many regions with different climatic features, makes adjustments to increase these intervals.
Important!The main thing that motorists should know about is that there are penalties if the car is “shod” out of season. Its size reaches 500 rubles.
For each separate area, there are different terms for changing wheels, so you need to be guided by them. Traffic police officers are also guided by the peculiarities of the climate of this region and have no right to fine you if you still meet the deadlines for changing wheels. Usually, negligent drivers are exposed to punishments in the form of fines with the onset of persistent cold weather.
When using winter tires, do you need a thorn mark?
If a driver uses studs on the tread of his car, be sure to have a distinctive sign telling other drivers about it. What is it for? On the roughness of Russian roads, anything can happen. Spikes fly out from under the wheels. There were often cases of damage windshield those who travel nearby. Therefore, when warriors see such a reinforced machine in front of them or nearby, they begin to slightly increase the distance, thereby protecting themselves from unpleasant surprises.
The penalty for not having such an identification mark for those drivers who have spikes on their wheels are described in our article.
In 2017, the legislature made some amendments to the traffic rules, namely those that clearly regulate the use of winter tires. We are looking forward to the release of this law, which is still being finalized. While the situation with fines remains the same, that is, for the absence in winter period appropriate rubber, the driver will be fined five hundred rubles.
Timely replacement of wheels is not a whim, but a necessary event for the safety of all participants road traffic... Drifts, ice on the road can lead to dire consequences. For this reason, a large number of people die on the roads of the country every year. Until your car is ready to hit the snowy roads without proper equipment, you should not tempt fate and expose yourself and other people to an emergency. A car is not only a means of comfort, but also of increased danger. If you keep this in mind, you can avoid many negative consequences.
Not so long ago, all drivers were puzzled about the urgency of changing tires on their cars suitable for the winter season.
And all because over the past two years the State Duma has been actively developing a law on winter tires and now, if the deputies nevertheless adopt one, motorists who do not change tires on time will face a fine.
The bill was completed in October 2016, but it has not yet entered into force.
The initiative for the adoption of such a law by the highest authorities was dictated by the fact that it is necessary to actively fight the huge congestion of cars on russian roads in winter, especially on the slopes.
What is this actively discussed law? And how terrible are the sanctions if they are not implemented? You can learn more about this later in the article.
Until the so-called law on winter tires is adopted, you need to figure out what to do in practice for motorists and what instructions to follow so as not to violate it.
It should be said right away that general rules on movement on different types of rubber, depending on the season, are fixed by the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union 018/2011.
It includes the start and end periods of seasons and certain prohibitions for motorists.
The Regulation covers:
- buses;
- passenger cars (domestic and foreign);
- trucks, trucks.
Since this regulation does not have the status of a law, it does not contain sanctions for non-compliance with these rules. For today, no penalties have been introduced for tires "out of season" either in the traffic rules or in the Administrative Code. Therefore, in fact, no one has the right to fine the driver for the fact that he drives the wrong tires, which are supposed to be at this time of the year. However, it is still worth focusing on the fact that when this discussed law finally comes into force, there will be sanctions for non-compliance with the introduced rules.
So, today there have already been some changes in the issue under consideration. For example, standards have appeared in the SDA, dividing tires into summer, winter and all-season.
However, experts had doubts about all-season tires whether their use could be allowed, since, in their opinion, they are not of special quality and, therefore, not quite suitable for driving at any time of the year and in all weather conditions. In addition, it is completely forbidden to use such year-round rubber outside of Russia. It was proposed to legally limit itself to only two types of tires.
There is an authoritative opinion in the media that the law on winter tires may come into effect officially from September 2017. It is especially recommended that motorists prepare for this time so as not to run into problems and avoid unforeseen expenses (for example, paying fines).
You can find out from official sources about the stage at which the bill is at this point in time. For example, the website of Rossiyskaya Gazeta (www.rg.ru) regularly updates news about all adopted laws.
Seasonality
Dates of seasons for different types rubbers are mentioned in the above-mentioned Regulation. In its paragraph 5.5. found that it is prohibited:
- Drive cars with tires equipped with anti-slip spikes during the summer period - from June to August.
- Use of cars with summer tires in December, January and February.
Winter tires should be fitted to all four wheels of the machine.
The statement that the tires must be studded means that the use of winter tires without studs during the summer months is permitted and does not contradict the law. This follows from the text of the Regulation.
As for studded rubber, it is relevant only in winter time, and you can start driving it from September and change it to summer no later than the beginning of May. Studded tires are prohibited during the summer months.
Why can't you technically use summer tires in winter? There are a number of good reasons for this.
- Summer tires have a longer braking distance because the tread depth does not correspond to such that it ensures timely braking of the car (the Regulation provides for a depth of 4 mm for a winter tread, and 1.6 mm for a summer tire).
- Summer rubber has no spikes.
- The ability to drive with summer tires is reduced due to insufficient grip on snowy or icy roads.
From the established time limits, we can conclude that in the rest of the months drivers can move on the rubber that is and this will not be a violation.
When to switch to winter tires by law
Judging by the months of the year established by the Regulations, change to winter tires needed no later than early December.
Of course, the moment of the transition also depends on the specific region of residence, since the weather conditions in different parts of Russia are different (especially for the regions of the Far North), hence the optimal time for changing the wheel tires should be chosen in advance.
This will allow you to move comfortably on city roads and avoid possible accidents.
That is, in the period from September to November, it is not forbidden to ride both summer tires, and on studded or not studded winter. Moreover, local authorities can establish a longer period of the winter season.
If, nevertheless, the law on winter tires comes into force in September 2017 and duplicates the provisions of the Regulation, it would be better to play it safe and after the adoption of the law, in a short time, decide the issue of changing the tires of the car to the winter version.
Use of all-season rubber in 2017
For drivers with all season tires, the question often arises of whether it is necessary in the light of innovations to change tires to studded ones.
Year-round tires have their own distinctive marks:
- m + S marking (Mud and Snow);
- drawing depicting a rock in the form of a triangle with a snowflake inside.
There are no direct prohibitions on the use of all-the-year-round tires anywhere, it turns out that drivers can ride such tires.
If the driver does not find the indicated designation, then he uses ordinary non-studded tires that cannot be used in winter season 2017 year.
Out of season rubber penalty in 2017
In connection with the upcoming adoption of the law discussed in this article, it is planned to add clause 3.2. To Chapter 12 of the Administrative Code, which will be devoted to sanctions for violation of the requirements for the operation of tires and wheels while driving.
And for this act a fine of 2 thousand rubles will be imposed.
Winter in Russia, as always, sneaks up unexpectedly. And although September is just ending in the yard, many are already looking for information - from what date it is worth changing tires to winter ones.
Many do not know that the timing of the transition to winter tires in Russia is now established by law. When in 2017 it is better to change the car for the winter - recommendations of weather forecasters, traffic police and advice from the portal Avtospravochnaya.com.
Many still do not know that it came into force on January 1, 2015 Technical regulations Customs Union "On the safety of wheeled vehicle". This document contains Appendix No. 8, in which the requirements for tire seasonality are legally prescribed.
According to the regulations, in winter (December, January, February), winter tires must be installed on the car. That is, according to the law, you need to change tires for winter ones no later than December 1, 2017. Even fewer people know that there is no fine for violating the timing of tire change in Russia yet.
However, on December 1, in most of Russia, winter is already in full control, so when changing tires, you should be guided by common sense, and not by regulations.
Forecasters recommend putting on winter tires when the average daily temperature drops below +7 degrees. At these temperatures, summer tires become hard and deteriorate. Basically, this is pretty reasonable.
It is also worth paying attention to the weather forecast. If it's warm outside now, and the weather forecast for the next week promises temperatures below zero, then you might think about changing your car this weekend.
For example, on October 2 and 3, 2017, temperatures in Tatarstan are promised below zero at night. However, then warming up to 10-12 degrees Celsius is expected again during the whole week. But in the second half of October 2017, it is already worth thinking about changing tires - at this time the weather is already unpredictable - literally in a day, heat can be replaced by cold and snowfall.
If the tire is frictional, it can be changed from mid-September, new studded tires can and even need to be installed, Mavrin recommends.
Some motorists are afraid to pre-install tires, believing that driving on asphalt negatively affects the service life and leads to the loss of studs. But this is not so, because in winter there are often sections with bare asphalt on the road in the city, and the car overcomes them normally.
The most important thing is to new tire the running-in process went right, the expert notes. To do this, it is recommended to overcome 500-700 kilometers at a speed of no more than 60 km / h without sudden acceleration, turns and braking. So, the thorn will take its toll seat and will serve for a long time. Moreover, on the asphalt, the running process is better.
Manufacturers do not advise starting running in with the onset of cold weather. Sub-zero temperatures will require new rubber at once full inclusion to work. It is better to prepare in advance for winter and “change” the car before the frost. Otherwise, the tires will wear out incorrectly and the car will become less controllable.
Note that too little or too much tire pressure will significantly increase tire wear. But most importantly, the spikes in the lowered wheels do not last long. Unable to gain a foothold, they will fall out very soon.
It is undesirable to travel during this period in deep holes or to overcome high curbs, this can easily damage unrolled rubber, informs Rosregistr. During this period, it is worth choosing flat road, so that later you can feel confident even on the road. "
The cost in Barnaul has not changed compared to last year. The basic package of services "minimum": remove, deliver, install, dismantle, balancing costs from 800 to 1500 rubles, depending on the car. The maximum cost will have to be paid to the owner of a jeep or minibus.
Also, traditionally, such additional services as replacement of valves, sealing of sides are in demand during the season.
Traffic accident statistics annually allow us to say that the level of traffic safety on the roads does not change in better side... In 2017, 169,432 road traffic accidents were recorded, in 2018 - 151,291 accident case (excluding December statistics). A law on winter tires in Russia could have a positive effect on the situation on the roads by obliging drivers to install winter tires in the months when the road surface is snowy or icy. Is there a law on summer and winter tires in 2019? What regulations establish the requirements for wheels and tires of cars? What liability is faced by motorists for non-compliance with the established requirements?
What is the reason for the emergence of the law on winter tires?
The law on winter tires is actually the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union, which is in effect in Russia and others eAEU countries since 2015. The main purpose of the adoption of this document was to ensure the protection of life and health of people by establishing specific requirements for the device, equipment and operation of vehicles.
Each vehicle used in the Russian Federation must comply with the Technical Regulations. Manufacturers of cars and spare parts, just like motorists, must comply with the requirements of the official document. If they are not met, then in the first case, the car simply will not pass certification, and in the second case, the car owner will have to pay a fine if such liability is provided for by federal legislation.
Attempts have been made several times to introduce a separate new law about winter tires, but none of the proposed projects has passed all the readings in the State Duma. The latest initiative was bill # 464241-6, introduced to the deputies in March 2014. He proposed making the following changes to the Federal Law "On Road Safety" and to the Administrative Code:
- Cars must meet the requirements of the Technical Regulations;
- The imposition of a fine of 2,000 rubles for non-compliance with the requirements set for tires and wheels.
In the explanatory note, the goal of adopting such a law was to reduce accidents and ensure traffic safety on the roads. The initiators of the project cited examples when, due to "bald" tires during the rain or snowfall, cars lost controllability, provoked emergency situations, created traffic congestion. The introduction of the bill was also due to the fact that in the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation there was no separate provision on the responsibility of drivers for untimely replacement rubber. Despite the relevance of the proposals and the significant goals pursued by this initiative, the bill on winter tires was withdrawn by the initiators during the first reading in June 2018. The motivation for this decision was the changes made to the Technical Regulations, namely, clarification of the period in which cars should have winter tires and the establishment of a ban on the use summer tires in winter.
Winter tire requirements 2019
Requirements for vehicles that are in operation, including wheels and tires, are established by Appendix No. 8 of the current Technical Regulations. From November 1, 2018, the Law on Winter Tires was amended and supplemented by new provisions on the categories of cars on which it is necessary to install anti-skid tires, on the period of use of such tires, as well as on a number of prohibitions. According to the document, all motorists had to switch to winter tires from December 1, 2018 and not “change shoes” for the next 3 months, unless otherwise provided by federal legislation. The technical regulations also contain the following requirements for winter tires:
- Installation on all wheels of the vehicle (section 5.4). It is not allowed to use winter, summer and all-weather tires on the same axle;
- Mandatory installation winter tires for cars and trucks up to 3.5 tons;
- Ban on the use of spiked tires in summer (p. 5.5);
- A ban on driving a car in winter without winter tires (clause 5.5);
- Terms of use winter tires may be changed by federal law;
- The ban on the use of winter tires with a residual height of the pattern not exceeding 4 mm;
- The presence of marking in the form of mountain peaks and snowflakes in the center;
- A ban on the use of vehicles with damaged tires (cracks, swelling, etc.).
Paragraphs 5.6, 5.7, 5.8 of the Appendix establish general requirements prohibiting the operation of certain tires. They relate to unusable tires, features of the use of retreaded tires. Separate provisions relate to the methods of mounting discs and their shape. The Studied Tire Act does not set a precise date for the installation of such tires on a vehicle. This is largely due to the fact that the territory of the Russian Federation is quite extensive and has significant differences in climate. But every driver must equip his car with winter tires before ice, icing and snowy surfaces appear on the roads.
Penalty for breaking the law on winter tires
Since the law on winter tires was not in force in 2018, and its bill was not even considered, representatives of the traffic police or traffic police had no reason to issue fines for the absence of studded tires. In 2019, in accordance with Article 12.5 of the Administrative Offenses Code, a motorist can be fined only for non-compliance of the wheels with the parameters stated in clause 5 of the Appendix to the SDA. It contains several requirements for the condition of wheels and tires, similar to those in the Technical Regulations. Thus, the Regulations indicate that the residual depth of the winter tire pattern cannot be more than 4 mm, the tires installed on one car cannot have a different tread pattern, different shape, etc. Also, tires with and without studs cannot be installed on the same vehicle. For such violations, the owner of the car will be fined 500 rubles.
According to meteorologists, the metropolitan regions will be at the mercy of frosts for the coming weekend, so the Traffic Organization Center (TSODD) of Moscow reminds drivers of the timely replacement of rubber for winter in Moscow in accordance with the law. When the deadlines established by law come to an end, careless owners arrange real traffic jams near service stations, so it is better to carry out such manipulations with your car in advance.
Today the excitement at the stations maintenance and at private tire changers in Moscow has reached its climax - even the largest service centers indicate huge queues among drivers of all types of transport. In the next week, it will hardly be possible to sign up for a replacement of winter tires for summer ones. Therefore, when the air temperature drops below minus 5 degrees, it is better for drivers to refrain from driving their own cars.
Traffic police officers also recommend replacing as soon as possible, if you cannot do without a car in everyday life. This is primarily necessary for the motorists themselves to ensure safety. The winter version of "shoes" for wheels begins to show all its qualities already at a temperature of +5 degrees, so residents of the Moscow region should be careful. Since this week the air in the capital and the region will not warm up above +3 degrees, any precipitation becomes a potential nuisance for both motorists and pedestrians.
Is there a financial penalty for riding summer tires in winter?
Few people know that the Customs regulations do not provide for fines for driving summer tires through snowdrifts and icy conditions. All the rules are advisory in nature, but you should think first of all about your own safety and the well-being of family members operating an unprepared car in the cold season.
The requirements for off-season products of this category are considered separately in the appendix to the legislative framework. All tires marked “MS” or a picture with a snowflake are both studded and non-studded and have wear limits permitted by law - this is no more than 4 mm in the main tread band. At the same time, for violations of such a condition for the operation of wheeled vehicles, a specific punishment is provided - a fine of 500 rubles.
On average, studded demi-season tires throughout Russia cannot be operated from June to August. At the same time, regional authorities can always increase such a ban, guided by local weather conditions and the state road surface in this or that region of the country.
These rules do not apply to all-season tires without studs - they can be used all year round.
There is no need to hope for a thaw and the daytime sun - Moscow is located in such a weather region when sharp temperature changes from plus to minus are unpredictable and already on December 1 an unprepared motorist faces many problems in operating his iron horse.
To prevent this from happening experienced car enthusiasts recommend:
If a frictional version of the tire is used in operation in the winter, it can be replaced in the first month of autumn. Then you do not have to stand in line at the tire service when the first frost occurs;
it is imperative to run the new rubber at a speed of no more than 60 km / h. The car must travel along the highway for at least 500-700 km in such a gentle mode without sudden braking, acceleration, or cornering. This will help the thorns sit in place and guarantee better operation similar type of products in icy conditions or on compacted snow. Run-in is best done on asphalt;
monitor the pressure in the wheels of the car. With its large or too small value, the spikes either wear out very quickly or fall out, which significantly reduces performance characteristics tires.
The bill on fines for negligent motorists who continue to operate a car on summer tires in winter season, approved by the relevant Committee under the State Duma. If the authorities adopt such a document at the federal level, everyone who did not have time or did not want to change their shoes into the appropriate products will have to pay for their carelessness out of their own pockets - a minimum fine of 2,000 rubles is expected.
