The customs duty on the import of electric vehicles to the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), including Russia, will be reduced from September 2 this year. It is reported by "Russian newspaper" with reference to decision Council of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC).
"The customs duty rate for light electric vehicles is reduced from 17% to 0%, and for trucks with a gross weight of up to 5 tons - from 15% to 5%," said Veronika Nikishina, Minister of Trade of the EEC. She noted that this decision does not apply to vehicles with hybrid engine and plug-in hybrid vehicles.
Zero duties on environmentally friendly cars will remain until September 2017. "Whether this measure will be extended next year depends on the development of the electric vehicle market, the necessary infrastructure, and also on whether serial production of electric vehicles will be launched in the countries of the Union," the minister explained.
The EEC notes that the market of electric vehicles in the EAEU countries (Russia, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan) is still extremely price sensitive. "The reduction in duties is intended to stimulate the use of environmentally friendly transport in the EAEU and create conditions for the formation of an electric vehicle market. The widespread use of electric cars and trucks should stimulate the development of charging infrastructure facilities," the message says.
Previously, zero duties on electric cars were introduced in the period from February 2014 to the end of 2015. At the end of last year, 684 electric vehicles were imported into the EAEU, mainly from the USA, China and Japan, and in January-April of this year - only 28 units, RG notes.
According to the agency "Autostat" , in Russia, the figures are small: in 2015, sales amounted to 122 electric vehicles. As of January 1, 2016, 647 electric vehicles of six models were registered in the country, a third of which are in Moscow. Same agency data published in April.
In the spring, the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia asked the Eurasian Economic Commission to speed up the process of considering the issue of extending the zero duty rate on the import of electric vehicles for another year. As the newspaper reported "Vedomosti" , at the end of 2015, the Russian government asked the Renault concern to extend the benefits for electric vehicles.
The Ministry of Economy supported the request of the carmaker and submitted it for discussion in the EEC, in February the proposals were supported by the subcommittee of the commission, but in March the EEC board sent them for revision. This was done in order to analyze the potential for the production of electric vehicles in the Eurasian Economic Union.
In July the newspaper "Kommersant" wrote that the government of the Russian Federation has prepared a program for the development of electric transport until 2025, which, in particular, provides for the abolition of transport tax for electric vehicles, as well as free parking in cities and a permit to drive in public transport lanes.
The global trend aimed at developing the production of environmentally friendly cars powered by an alternative source of energy, in particular, electricity, has led to an increase in the volume of cars imported from European and Asian countries over the past couple of years, the number of electric vehicles imported into the Russian Federation has exceeded several thousand. Even the term "Electric vehicle" itself was officially introduced only on 12.07.2017 by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of N 832, now the law classifies an electric vehicle that is driven exclusively electric motor and charged with an external power source.
This article will discuss what documents will be needed, how to fill them out, what fees and duties will have to be paid for importing a vehicle with an electric engine into Russia.
On November 27, 2018 in Minsk, at a meeting of the Eurasian Intergovernmental Council, the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) signed a plan for the development of electromobile transport from 2018 to 2020, information about this was published on the official website of the Russian government. This plan contains theses on what the measures of the EAEU member country should focus on for the development of electric transport in 2019-2020, in particular, it is proposed to consider:
- launch of free parking lots with chargers for electric vehicles;
- entering the right to free travel for electric vehicles toll roads;
- the abolition of the transport tax on electric vehicles;
- allow electric vehicles to move in dedicated public transport lanes.
In addition, the signed plan proposes to consider the issues of stimulating leasing companies to issue additional discounts for buyers of electric vehicles; introduction of preferential treatment for companies that create infrastructure for charging electric vehicles; government subsidies and incentives for manufacturers producing electric vehicles, their components, as well as infrastructure elements for electric vehicles.
Such steps are explained by the desire of the Russian government to take care of the difficult environmental situation in the country, in particular by measures aimed at improving and restoring it. An increase in the number of electric vehicles moving around russian roads instead ordinary cars with engines internal combustionand hence harmful emissions to the atmosphere is one such measure.
It is strange that the popularity of cars powered by electric current, began to grow only in the last 5-7 years, although they were invented more in the middle of the 19th century. The advantages of this type of car are quite obvious: an eco-friendly autonomous battery is not a threat to environment (at least as long as its integrity is not mechanically violated), and therefore it is more acceptable in the conditions of the development of modern megacities. The engines familiar to everyone emit a huge amount of carcinogenic harmful exhaust into the atmosphere, which cannot be said about its electric counterpart. In addition to the above, it should be noted that electric vehicles are more durable and less fire hazardous in comparison with conventional vehicles with internal combustion engines. A pleasant bonus is trouble-free silent operation and simplicity in maintenance... Countries leading the way in advanced technology have mastered the production of these attractive innovative "horses". Among them are Japan, China, Germany, South Korea, USA, France, and Spain.
Several years ago, amendments to the legislation were adopted in Russia, which made the import and customs clearance of electric vehicles in the Russian Federation more profitable. So, by the end of 2017, customs duties on electric vehicles were reduced from 17 to 0%, and on electric trucks weighing up to 5 tons, customs duties were reduced from 15% to 5%. Unfortunately, in 2018, the rules and price of customs clearance for passenger electric vehicles changed, so in 2019 you will have to pay 17% for cars and 15% for electric trucks.
How much does customs clearance cost for an electric vehicle in Russia?
And so, in order to customs clearance of an electric car, you will need to make the following payments:
- Customs clearance
- Customs duty
- UST or VAT (depending on who imports the electric car - individual or legal)
- Excise (paid if customs clearance of a legal entity, power up to 90 hp inclusive of excise taxes is not subject to)
- Recycling collection
1. The cost of customs clearance of an electric vehicle
2. Customs duty
Customs duty on cars with an electric motor from September 1, 2017 is 17%. For trucks with an electric motor, the customs duty is 15% of the value of the vehicle.
3. The rate of customs payment: either the uniform customs rate (UTS), or VAT + excise tax
4. The rate of excise duty on the import of an electric vehicle to Russia
Excise rate for the import of electric vehicles into the Russian Federation.
5. Utilization fee for electric vehicles
We count by the formula: US \u003d BS * RK, where BS - base rate (currently 20 thousand rubles); RK - calculation coefficient
Estimated recycling rate for an electric vehicle
How to properly clear an electric vehicle through customs?
Customs clearance of an electric vehicle will take place in several stages:
1. Posting a deposit
The security deposit will have to be paid several days before the moment when the car actually crosses the customs. This money must be deposited into the account of the customs authority by the person accompanying the cargo. Alternatively, this money can be deposited at customs.
Documents that will be needed to post a deposit:
- Citizen's passport Russian Federation (+ international passport);
- A statement indicating the date, place (name of the customs point) and the time at which the car will arrive in the Russian Federation;
- A copy of the registration certificate for an electric vehicle purchased abroad;
- If the pledge will be made not by the owner of the electric vehicle, but by his authorized representative, then a notarized power of attorney will also be required, confirming the legality of the actions performed.
The receipt by the customs authority of the deposit will be evidenced by the issued receipt. It must be presented when the owner crosses the customs with the car, so you should immediately pay attention to the correctness and correctness of the data entered.
2. Crossing the border checkpoint
To register on border point pass, you must present all the documents listed in the previous paragraph, including a receipt, a warranty certificate and the original technical passport for an electric vehicle.
At the checkpoint, a note will be made in a special journal, a personal notification number will be assigned that the border has been crossed, and a long-awaited pass will be issued, which will open access to the customs control zone for subsequent registration.
3. Registration
Registration, after you have crossed the checkpoint, involves several procedures. The electric car will be assigned a code in accordance with the classifier in force on the territory of the EAEU, which lists all goods allowed for transportation - "The Unified Commodity Nomenclature for Foreign Economic Activity of the EAEU" (TN VED EAEU).
The person accompanying the electric car submits data on its value and the date when the car left the assembly line, customs payments will be calculated based on this information.
4. Customs payments
The contributions that must be paid include:
- payment for customs clearance of technical equipment. This amount is regulated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 28, 2014 No. 863. The cheaper the initial cost of transport, the less this amount will be. It is worth noting that the most profitable option for the buyer is the import of an electric vehicle from China, where the lowest prices are recorded;
- value combined with age will determine the amount of value added tax;
- the engine power of the car will become the determining factor for calculating the excise tax;
- the service life of an electric vehicle is twenty years. This is how much he can work effectively, while maintaining environmental safety environment. In order for the car to be disposed of after the end of this period, you will have to pay the appropriate fee, which is provided for by the Federal Law of June 24, 1998 No. 89-FZ "On production and consumption waste";
- customs duty, depending on the purpose of the vehicle, its category and type - 17% for passenger cars, 15% for electric trucks. For cars with a hybrid engine, the customs duty must be paid by motorists in full.
For the time it takes to complete all formalities, the electric vehicle is placed in a customs warehouse intended for temporary storage, about which the person accompanying it is notified by a special document.
5. Registration of a customs cleared electric vehicle with the traffic police
After all the documents have been drawn up and confirmation of the provided data about the vehicle has been received, the amount previously sent to the deposit account is transferred against the payment of fees and duties. These actions are confirmed by a receipt. Also, the receipt order and the TCP are given on hand. All of them are required to obtain permission and pick up a car from the warehouse. In addition, the completed documents will allow the vehicle to be registered with the traffic police.
The paperwork at customs can take almost an entire day. A person who brings an electric car to Russia needs to take a responsible approach to customs clearance, carefully monitor the compliance of all data recorded in the registration and customs documents, so that afterwards they do not have problems. Registration and authorization documents must be filled in correctly - pay your special attention to this.
Import customs duties for electric cars have been canceled again. This decision was approved at a meeting of the Council of the Eurasian Economic Commission () on July 12. As the EEC press service clarified, the changes will come into force on September 2, 2016. The grace period will last until August 31, 2017 and will not affect any other types of vehicles, including, for example, hybrids and plug-in hybrid vehicles. This was reported to Gazeta.Ru by the Ministry of Economic Development.
As explained in the department, the rates of import customs duty on cargo motor vehicles have been reduced from 15 to 5%. vehicles weighing no more than 5 tons, having only electric motors (one or more) as running gear. These are, for example, small commercial vehicles electric.
In addition, a zero import customs duty rate has been established for light motor vehicles with an electric engine - up to this point, it was 17%.
As recalled in, from February 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015, a zero rate of import customs duty was already in force on electric vehicles. As a result, in 2015, 684 electric vehicles were imported to the EAEU countries mainly from the USA, China and Japan.
After the expiration of the grace period in January-April 2016, only 28 were purchased.
“The reduction in duties is intended to stimulate the use of environmentally friendly transport in the EAEU and create conditions for the formation of an electric vehicle market,” the EEC Minister of Trade told Gazeta.Ru. - The widespread use of electric cars and trucks should stimulate the development of charging infrastructure facilities. At the same time, duties are reduced for a while. The extension of this measure next year will depend on the development of the electric vehicle market, the necessary infrastructure, and also on whether the serial production of electric vehicles will be launched in the countries of the Union. "
As the EEC press service clarified, the grace period is a temporary measure that allows you to quickly respond to changes in the situation in the car market. So, for example,
if in the future local production of this type of transport is organized in Russia, then, in order to stimulate local producers, the grace period will not be extended again and the import customs duty will be charged again.
Automakers and market participants waited for
As the company told Gazeta.Ru, the decision to abolish import duties is aimed at creating a market for electric vehicles and developing charging infrastructure in Russia, as well as stimulating imports of electric vehicles.
Renault Russia plans to start supplying to customers in the near future renault electric vehicles Kangoo Z.E. and Renault Twizy, which are certified and adapted to operating conditions in Russia, ”the press service said.
Earlier, the Mitsubishi company "Gazeta.Ru" reported that they had actually stopped deliveries of their i-MiEV electric cars to Russia due to the too high price.
They also expected a reduction in import duties at Teslamuslce (a supplier of Tesla cars to Russia). Earlier, a representative of the company, Yan Savash, told Gazeta.Ru that they did not stop importing Tesla into Russia, but some customers postponed orders after learning that the car would cost them much more due to the need to pay a duty.
In turn, the press service, which specializes in creating infrastructure for electric cars throughout Russia, believes that from the point of view of monetary measures of state support, two of the most important are now operating in Russia. This is the zeroing of import customs duties for electric vehicles and the introduction for them free parking.
"The reduction in duties allowed to reduce the final price for an electric car, and free parking will allow the owner of an electric car to reimburse more than half of the cost of an electric car in five years," the press service of Rosseti said. “In addition, the Prime Minister of Russia signed an amendment to the law allowing gas stations to be equipped with charging stations for electric vehicles.”
We will remind that earlier “Gazeta.Ru” was the first to report that the two-year period of duty-free import of electric cars to the countries of the Customs Union was not extended to 2016. Companies supplying electric cars to Russia, in anticipation of the decision of officials, actually refused new supplies.
The duty on the import of electric vehicles to the countries of the Customs Union was zeroed in February 2014 for a period until December 31, 2015. This decision was intended to stimulate the demand for cars with electric power plants and the development of the infrastructure necessary for their use.
According to the agency "Autostat", in 2015 sales of electric vehicles in Russia fell due to the crisis by 31% and amounted to 122 units. Almost half of the sold electric vehicles (58 cars) - model Tesla Model S. The second most popular model is an inexpensive (from 1 million rubles) Mitsubishi i-MiEV (27 cars). In addition, 14 units were sold last year. Nissan leaf and the Russian Lada Ellada, six BMW i3s and three Renault Twizy. At the same time, in January-February 2016, due to the newly returned duty, electric cars in Russia, in fact, were no longer imported or sold. Avtostat told Gazeta.Ru that in two months of 2016 only six cars were registered in the country: one Nissan Leaf, Renault Twizzy and Mitsubishi I-MIEV, as well as three Tesla Model S.
Since September of this year, the duty on the import of light electric vehicles to the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), including Russia, has been reduced from 17 percent to zero, and on electric freight cars weighing up to five tons - from 15 to five percent.
Reducing duties is one of the first steps towards increasing demand for electric cars. It remains to at least reduce the price of batteries and increase the number of plugs in the regions. Photo: Olesya Kurpyaeva / RG
This was announced by the Minister for Trade of the Eurasian Economic Commission Veronika Nikishina. Zero duties on environmentally friendly cars will remain until September 2017. "Whether this measure will be extended next year depends on the development of the electric vehicle market, the necessary infrastructure, and also on whether serial production of electric vehicles will be launched in the countries of the union," the minister explained.
She also noted that the decision does not affect hybrid vehicles.
The zeroing of duties on electric cars will automatically lead to a drop in their value, which is good news, since Russia imports such cars (there is no serial production within the country yet). Nevertheless, the EAEU market, according to the Union itself, still remains extremely price sensitive, despite the fact that zero duties were already in effect from February 2014 to the end of 2015. At the end of last year, 684 electric vehicles were imported to the EAEU, and in January-April of this year - only 28 units.
In Russia, the indicators are small: in 2015, sales amounted to 122 electric vehicles, and their fleet as of January 1, 2016 was 647 units of six foreign brands, the agency "Avtostat" calculated. 235 pieces in Moscow, in the Primorsky Territory - four times less, in the Krasnodar Territory, Samara and Moscow regions - 40-50 pieces each.
For electric cars to gain popularity, subsidies for their purchase and a wide network are needed charging stations
According to open sources, sales of hybrids are slightly higher: the annual growth of the vehicle fleet is about 1200-1700 units. For comparison: in the United States alone in 2015, more than 116 thousand electric vehicles of 27 brands were sold (in 2014 - 122 438 units), it follows from the data of the InsideEVs portal.
In the past year and a half, interest in electric cars has subsided in the world. Driving on petrol became profitable again due to low oil prices, and engineers again started talking about the obvious disadvantage of an electric car - an expensive battery. The Bernstein company in 2014 calculated that the price of the battery is about 38 percent of the cost of the car (for the calculation they took nissan model Leaf in basic configuration for 29 thousand dollars). The concern itself estimated the battery's share in the price at 28 percent. Still, the average manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP) for a mid-range gasoline car is about half that of its electric counterpart.
In Russia, the geography of social "exercises", which is still very small, is also becoming a stumbling block. Most are in Moscow - about 60 stations. By 2018, the authorities plan to increase their number to a thousand, plus preserve for some time such benefits for electric car owners as free parking in the center. Tyumen, Yekaterinburg, Rostov-on-Don, Borisoglebsk, Kazan and Belgorod boast one or two charging stations, as does the Northern Capital. There are about a dozen of them in Sochi, it follows from the Plafocha portal database.
Today, the easiest way to make the operation of an electric car in large cities of Russia profitable is to reduce the price of the battery. But in our country such developments are not yet a priority - the solution to this problem is being dealt with in developed countries.
While they are busy with business, it would be logical to introduce subsidies for the purchase of an electric car by analogy with the European experience.
The consequence of subsidies is obvious: in 2015, the growth of the fleet of electric cars and hybrids in Europe amounted to 48.5 percent, a total of 76.3 thousand of these cars were sold. The leaders are Norway, Great Britain and Germany, according to the National Association for the Development of Electric Vehicles (Avere-France). The Association of Automobile Manufacturers of China announced that 331.09 thousand electric vehicles and hybrids were purchased in the country, and this year the figure is planned to be increased to 700 thousand units.
All of these countries, in an effort to switch to an environmentally friendly mode of transport, have one thing in common: the availability of subsidies for the purchase of an electric car and subsidies for the installation of charging stations. As a result, there are already ten thousand charging stations in China, more than 30 thousand in the USA, about five thousand in the Netherlands, as well as in Norway.
“The main condition for the development of the market is the creation of an infrastructure for recharging such cars,” says Victoria Gimadi, Head of the Department for the Economy of the Fuel and Energy Complex Sectors of the Analytical Center under the Government of the Russian Federation. preferential terms parking, insurance benefits, loans and so on. First of all, it makes sense to implement such measures in large cities (for environmental reasons). "
The price of the issue
Electricity vs gasoline
What financial benefit will the owner of a mass-market electric vehicle get in five years if the price of oil holds at $ 30 a barrel? The answer is none yet, only losses, according to a study by VYGON Consulting.
If we compare the sales leader among electric vehicles in the United States (Nissan Leaf) and its closest gasoline analogue (Nissan Versa Note), take into account the benefits that are due to the owner of an environmentally friendly car in California (7.5 thousand plus 2.5 thousand dollars), you get that for five years of owning an electric car, the consumer will pay 5.6 thousand dollars more than the owner of a gasoline car.
For it to be equally profitable to travel in an electric car and a gasoline car, a barrel of WTI oil should rise in price to $ 160, experts say. If the cost battery will decrease from the average in 2015 of $ 460 per kilowatt-hour to $ 250 (by 57 percent), then the electric car will be competitive even with an oil price of about $ 40 per barrel, experts say.
How oil rewrote the history of electric vehicles
2016 is a landmark year for the car market: 175 years have passed since the creation of the electric car, if we take the invention of the first cart with an electric motor, and 130 years since the invention of the gasoline car. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, everything said that the world would be conquered by an electric car: it was on it that the first speed record was set (in 1895 - more than 60 kilometers per hour, in 1899 - more than a hundred kilometers per hour), on it Taxi drivers, firemen, and ambulances traveled to the United States.
Nevertheless, the gasoline car had won the hearts of consumers by the 1930s, thanks to the discovery of large deposits of oil and the entry into the market of huge quantities of cheap fuel. In the period from the mid-1880s to 1915, a barrel of oil remained below the one dollar mark almost all the time. Other factors include the development of the road network, which has allowed long-distance travel, the rapid development of the gasoline vehicle design, and the use of electric starter... The electric car could not boast of cheapness and endurance, so by 1920 its market share fell to about one percent, and then completely went to zero.
After that, throughout the 20th century, electric cars were remembered several times: in the 60s, when the issue of air pollution was first raised, in the 70s, when the price of oil rose sharply (in ten years it jumped from two to 30 dollars per barrel ), and in the 90s, when the US tightened legislation and called for a transition to environmentally friendly clean view transport. The "era" lasted until 2003: during this time, more than five thousand electric cars went to the masses, mostly well-off, but the batteries in them served less than ten years, and therefore the cars were decided to be destroyed after operation.
TEXT. Infographics: RG / Maria Pakhmutova / Alexandra Vozdvizhenskaya
Since March 2002, a serious, almost continuous increase in oil prices began due to the destabilization in the Middle East, a drop in oil production in the UK and other countries, as well as due to the continuing motorization of the population and, as a result, an increase in demand for oil products. According to the International Energy Agency, transport remains the main driver of oil demand growth today: this sector accounts for more than 60 percent of global consumption, with the USA, China and India leading the way. It is noteworthy that neither low oil prices nor love for gasoline transport prevent the first two countries from remaining leaders in terms of the size of electric vehicle fleets.
During the period of ultra-high oil prices (2007-2014), electric cars flourished, which were supposed to become profitable alternative gasoline car against the backdrop of a technological breakthrough. Popularity gasoline cars at the same time, it did not fall: in August 2011, their number in the world exceeded a billion units, the Wards Auto portal reported. Even by October 2015, electric cars were on the road much less - about a million units in five years of sales. Hybrid Cars has calculated that in order to achieve these targets, conventional hybrids that use gas engine along with the battery, it took nine years.
Just a couple of days ago, the AvtoVzglyad portal wrote that the government wants to exempt owners of electric vehicles from paying transport tax, provide them with the right to free parking, allow them to drive on "" and, finally, not collect money from them for traveling on toll roads. This is in addition to the obsession with covering the entire territory of Russia with a network of charging stations.
Now, a project has been approved, according to which from September 2, 2016 to August 31, 2017, a zero rate of import customs duty was established for light vehicles with an electric engine. But this is not all: for cargo motor vehicles weighing no more than 5 tons, containing exclusively electric motors (one or more) as running gear, import customs rates have been reduced from 15% to 5% of the customs value for a period of one year. On the electric trucks, Karl! Show me one, but not somewhere in the mine workings, but here, on the Moscow streets!
The fact that these changes were not approved by Russia, but at yesterday's meeting of the supranational Council of the Eurasian Economic Commission, does not change the essence of the problem: for some reason it is hard to believe that the initiator of the “useful” initiative was Kyrgyzstan or, God forbid, Armenia. Moreover, dances with sabers around ecologically useless vehicles have been going on for years. In fact, the council only resumed privileges in the countries of the Customs Union, which had ceased to operate since the beginning of 2016.
Let's leave the program for creating a network outside the brackets. Everything is crystal clear here - the loot is literally lying on the ground, and even a simplified procedure for approval and land allocation for their construction. But who benefits (in the good sense of the word) all this mouse fuss around electric vehicles at a time when the domestic auto industry is literally crumbling before our eyes is incomprehensible to the mind.
According to the Avtostat agency, as of April 2016, the entire available park of "green" cars in Russia was 647 units, with a third of them in the capital. And this despite the fact that a total of more than 40 million cars are running across the expanses of our homeland. Officially, we sell only LADA Ellada at a starting price of just over 1,000,000 rubles for a tiny and poorly equipped car. Prohibitively expensive and unsafe Tesla are also bought through incomprehensible "gray" channels - here it can already go, depending on the model, about 6,000,000 rubles and more.
We do not have reliable data on those who buy these toys for a similar price - there are only assumptions that are very similar to the truth. Their owners are either corporate, in one way or another shifting their unreasonable costs to the budget, or wealthy fans of autoexotics.
Given the underdevelopment of the primary market, it is quite logical that there is practically no secondary market either. The same agency "Avtostat", which searched the database of the portal Auto.ru, managed to find only 72 proposals about. Among them, in addition to the aforementioned cars, there were even rarer Renault Twizy, Smart Fortwo II, Chevrolet Volt I and Nissan Leaf. It should be noted that not all of the exhibited cars are used. This is how the "gray" scheme of selling new vehicles can work.
So, new electric cars are not for sale, old ones are not bought. The population does not and will not have money for these works of ecological art. In fact, there is nowhere to refuel them.
