Engineering Machine of the Impr (Object 816A) The state is adopted in 1969. The development of the CBTM (Omsk) manufacturer. Omsk Z-D Trance Mash. Manufacture Series Mass, T 37,5 Case, mm: 6200Shirin, mm 3270 Highness, mm 2300Clishiren, mm. 500СР UD. giving. on the ground, kg / cm # 178;

Engineering Machine of the URR-2 state state is adopted in 1980. Series since 1982 bed weight, T 44.5Tlin with equipment, mm. 9550Shirina, mm 3735 Highness of the roof of the tower, mm 3680 Clims, mm. 475c. UD. Pressure on the soil, kg / cm # 178; 0.88Preamed

Engineering reconnaissance machine "Beetle" (IRM) in service with 1980. Series weight, t 17,2stlin, mm. 8220 Write, mm 3150 Highness, mm. 2400Clins, mm. 420cp. UD. Pressure on the soil, kg / cm # 178; 0.69 Overcome obstacles: - Lifting, hail 36-, m. 2.3- wall, m

Engineering technique The most original engineering machines belonged to the "expensive", developed in the mid-1950s in 21 NII on the GAZ-63 chassis. It was an order of the road two-wheel ribbon (rolled tract) to ensure the passage of wheel vehicles by

Engineering apparently, the Soviet engineering troops have long been expected to appear the emergence of a new all-time chassis of increased loading capacity, and with the advent of the ZIS-151 at its base immediately a large number of diverse medium-class techniques were created. Championship

Evacuation and engineering equipment Significantly expanded a number of engineering equipment on the 157th series of trucks included not only old superstructures, rearranged from the ZIS-151, but also several new funds for evacuation of emergency military vehicles,

Engineering equipment With the advent of a heavy all-wheel drive car KRAZ-214 on its basis, the active formation of the most extensive in the Soviet army of the gamma of powerful heavy vehicles began in the Soviet Army patriotic development. It was created on orders of the Ministry of Defense with

Engineering equipment Unlike other types of military vehicles, engineering equipment on the GAZ-66 chassis did not inherit the GAZ-63 profession, and was created entirely to install on serial or finalized truck chassis of the 66th family, as well as in the first and last time

Engineering technique In engineering units, the role of cars ZIL-130 has begun to transportation on the roads of general use and the rear ways to communicate elements of structures and property of various road coatings, floors and collapsible bridges. For delivery

Evacuation and engineering technician at ZIL-131 had a serial release of KSM bridge buildings developed earlier kits, as well as the transportation of medium-sized collapsible SARM and SARM-M bridges, for which 42 onboard trucks served. The main novelties

Evacuation and engineering technique The appearance of the Ural-375 family made it possible to create a whole family of evacuators of light and middle classes and multipurpose all-wheel drive lifting facilities of high passability for engineering troops and RVSHs that were used

Evacuation and engineering equipment in 1987 in 21 NIII specifically for installation on KAMAZ-4310 A lightweight army tow truck 38m1 was developed, but experienced samples built on 38 factories were already based on chassis 43101. The main evacuation and repair facility on the basis of 4310

Evacuation and engineering equipment The widest number of new vehicles on chassis 4320 was created in the 1980s for engineering troops. This base continued the process of creating a new technical assistance and evacuators family for the Soviet army, started with the model.

Evacuation and engineering technicians created in the 1980s on KRAZ-260 chassis, medium and heavy evacuation machines in Soviet times remained experimental samples. Their development was engaged in 21 NII, who had already had experience in designing a new technique for the Soviet army. AT

The following is the following memory of the Major - Museum military equipment in the open air. I will not retell that he represents the historical and cultural complex "Stalin Line", which is located near the town of Zaslavl (30 kilometers from Minsk to the side of Molodechno), because Everyone knows about this place.

This is my second time on the "Stalin line", the first was in the year 2011 or 2012, I do not remember exactly. The topic divided into several parts and the first post will begin with the most interesting - military engineering equipment, which is unique and of course, and of course produces a strong impression.

Military engineering machines - This is the necessary link of any world army. Engineering technique in the troops is engineering machines for launching roads in the areas of destruction and rough terrain, the constructions of the passages through the mine fields, ravines and the rally, the clearing of duties, snow and bulk and other. All of them are equipped with a variety of equipment, such as: bulldozer dumps different types, winchs, oneveral grippers and manipulators, excavator equipment, crane equipment with an arrow, various earthmoving equipment, mining equipment mines and much more. The need for reliable and powerful military engineering machines is particularly increasing in hostilities and conflicts, rescue operations in peacetime, with natural and technogenic disasters, which are many in our time.

Engineering Machine of Impr. Purpose of IMR - equipment of column paths, spending passes in the areas of solid forest or urban downtowns formed after the use of nuclear weapons or mass bobs. For this purpose, the machine is equipped with powerful universal bulldozer equipment and telescopic manipulator.:

Self-propelled light-organized caterpillar floating installation of UR-77 mine clearance is designed to do with a passing of 6 meters wide in minecraft fields consisting of anti-tank anti-haze mines and anti-tank anti-tank mesters with a pin target sensor. The task of doing the passes in anti-personnel mineral fields is not the task of the UR-77, although it is not excluded, and the reliable undermining of the fundamental anti-personnel mines of the pressure action of the American mines M14 occurs in the bandwidth to 14 meters wide.

KMS-E is a set of bridge buildings. Designed for the mechanization of the construction of low-flow bridges of military bridges on pile and frameworks.:

USM - Most-Building Installation Designed for Building Low-Wine Bridges.:

IRM "Beetle" Army machine intended for carrying out engineering exploration. Created based on BMP-1 and BMP-2 infantry combat vehicles.:

Deep ravine or ditch will not stop the column if it is accompanied by an armored tank bridge, developed on the basis of the mean tank T-55. The machine is designed for a device of crossing through water barriers, ravines and engineering barriers.:

Excavator E-305BV based on Army truck KRAZ-255B1.:

MTU-20 - armored tank bridge. Designed on the basis of the Middle T-55 Tank in the Omsk Design Bureau of Transport Engineering. Designed to guide a single-span metal bridge.:

Bat-M is an overpass on the basis of the heavy artillery tractor at-t. Designed to lay the columns, backfills of funnels, pvv, trenches, devices of gentle deputies on steep slopes; Putting the passes in the breakdowns, laying requests in shrub, melancholy, decking roads and columns from snow and so on.:

MDK-3 - earthmoving machine based on heavy tractor MT-T. Adopted in the late 1980s.

The MDC-3 pit machine is the further development of the MDC machine - 2M and is intended for excerpts of the trenches and shelters for techniques, cutlets for fortification facilities (blockcloths, refuge, fire facilities). The dimensions of the kittlers - the width of the bottom - 3.7 meters, the depth is up to 3.5 meters.

When passageing, the cutlets developed soil fit into one side to the left of the pitcher in the form of brush. Technical performance by the number of removed soil - 500 - 600 m3 / hour.

MDK-2M - earthmoving machine on the basis of a heavy artillery tractor at-t. Designed for excerpts of the catlers in various soils to the IV category inclusive.:

BTM-3 - a speed-spending trench army machine for fast gasket channels, trenches and trenches in soils 1-4 categories, i.e. The machine is able to tear the trenches in the soils from the sandy to the frozen. Created on the basis of AT-T::

All these three monsters I have previously in one of your posts.

BCT-RK2 bulldozer. Created in 1979 on the chassis of MAZ-538 Belarusian production.:

TMK-2 trench car is also a wheel tractor on the MAZ-538 chassis, on which the working body is mounted for trench passages and bulldozer equipment.:

PTS-M is a tracked floating conveyor medium. Real amphibian!

PTS-M can be used as a means for crossing people, technicians and other goods through water obstacles and their transportation on land in roads. High performance, simplicity and multifunctionality ensures wide use of engineering equipment in the national economy.

The tracked floating conveyor of the PTS-M is made on the basis of nodes and aggregates of T-55 tank and consists of a waterproof housing, power plant, caterpillar engine, grocery propulsion. For loading and unloading equipment, PTS-M has a rear folding board and cameras, when installing special equipment can be used in marine conditions with excitement to three points.

For one flight, the conveyor can ship (options): 2 85-mm guns with calculations, guns and caliber gubits from 122 to 152 one with rachements, 12 wounded on a stretcher, 72 soldiers with full weapons, 2 car type UAZ-469, car From UAZ -452 to the Ural -4320 (without cargo).

GSP - caterpillar self-propelled ferry intended for ferry crossing of medium and heavy tanks, self-propelled artillery installations and medium tanks with mine-trawls when overcoming the troops of water obstacles.:

BMK-T - towing motor boat. It is intended for towing individual links, plots of a pontoon bridge with its guide, towing the tape of the bridge during its reversal, movement; To explore the anchors; for towing ferries collected from the set of a pontoon bridge park; For keeping the river intelligence. It can also be used to cross the personal composition of infantry, towing noncommodatine plaels, patrols of water obstacles and solving other tasks on water obstacles:

BMK-130m - towing motor boat based on BMK-130. Designed for towing ferries with bridge and ferry device, bridge transfer to another target, throwing anchors, for river exploration and execution various tasks In case of equipment and contents.

Rubbling steam. The PDP ferry is transported by land in the folded state, and before launching the water disclosed, turning into a self-moving "island" of 16 by 10 meters, which can transport 60 tons of cargo at a speed of 10 kilometers per hour.:

I regularly look for interesting pictures in Instagram, welcome!

January 21 raise glasses of engineering troops fighters. This is one of the most sought-after childbirth: in combat operations, he goes to the forefront, clearing the path to other connections, in extreme situations of peacetime helps to restore damaged objects and territories.

At the disposal of military engineers unique cars, "RG" represents 5 unusual of them.

Builder of roads IRR

Now there is a third generation of engineering devices, capable of paving the road, where only he wants. Created on the basis of T-72 or T-90 T-90 tanks is equipped with a bulldozer dump, "can" work in two positions, and a telescopic arrow with a set of different mounts. She is not terrible mine fields and even gamma radiation, which it loosens about 120 times.

Two crew people can three days "live" inside the car. In the cockpit, there is where to boil the water, warm the food, the designers took care even about the toilet.

In the open area, the IMR is able to pave a 12-kilometer path. Not a highway of course, but you can pass and go. In solid forests, the indicators are modest - 300-400 meters per hour, which is also decent.

Snake Gorynych UR-77

Self-propelled installation is designed to make bare in minecraft opponent. The machine carries two 90-meter charges of 700 with excess kilograms of the plastic each. After starting, they are unwound and fall on the desired area. The undermining of these ammunition makes it takes to work laid around anti-tank mines, providing a passage of about six meters wide. UR-77 specialists call one of best tools Overcoming mine fields. But not one hundred percent - the installation can neutralize not all types of traps installed against infantry.

The fabulous nickname to the modern installation of demining has passed from the predecessors due to the unusualness of the spectacle: a rocket appears with a jet roar over the ground, followed by something long and twisted.

Barrier GMZ - 3

Crawler Mining Installation of GMZ-3 during the exercises dedicated to the Day of Engineering Forces in 187 training Center in the Volgograd region.

Opponent "Gorynych". A third-generation caterpillar boiler is capable of placing mines per hour a few kilometers, and both in advance and during the battle. If necessary and disguises ammunition underground. And the navigation equipment installed on the current modifications allows you to fix the exact coordinates of each mine, which significantly facilitates the task in the outline of the contours of the fields.

The crew remains only to choose the so-called Ming set step, the mechanism will send it to the conveyor, and after the installation, the special device will transfer the charge to the battle position.

Bridge on the wheels TMM-6

Want a bridge for 50 minutes? No problems. It is so much time, according to the maximum standard, it is required to deploy a heavy mechanized bridge for which heavy armored vehicles will be held without any difficult difficulties. One set TMM-6 is designed for 102 meters at a length of one span of 17 meters. So it is possible to assemble six 17-meter, three 34 meters, well, or yet alone, but the longest standard crossing.

Along the highway, such a car can move to a distance of up to 1,100 kilometers without refueling, its maximum speed is 70 kilometers per hour.

Digger TMK-2

This clumsy at first glance the tractor leaves a deep mark. According to experts, TMK-2 is easy to control and has high maneuverability, which makes the car indispensable when launching trenches for pipelines, other different lines or drainage.

In one hour, TMK-2 will make 700 meters of trenches at one and a half meters. Additional bulldorating devices allow you to use the machine even to change the relief: for example, for filling holes, pvv, or, on the contrary, digging pots. A set of additional equipment TMK-2 can be used on the content and clearing of roads from snow. Such technique and in cities for civil societies.

Second part of the review Togliatti museum I want to devote engineering, tractors and auxiliary machines . There are a lot of exhibits related to this category in the museum. Even more than in the profile museum of artillery, engineering troops and communication troops located in St. Petersburg. And taking into account the convenience of inspection and feeling of exhibits museum AvtoVAZ It can be considered as one of the main places to visit engineering lovers to familiarize themselves with serial cars and raritets. As in the last part, I will submit techniques for functional groups, and not by location in the museum, because It is quite scattered around the venues.

Engineering Machine of Impr.

Engineering Machine of Impr.

The machine can make the passages in the area of \u200b\u200bsolid dawns and was developed for action in the conditions of a nuclear war. Really, such machines were used in the elimination of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl NPP, where they were the only technique capable of working near the destroyed reactor.

Engineering reconnaissance machine IRM "Beetle"

Engineering reconnaissance machine IRM "Beetle"

IRM is created for engineering exploration of terrain and water obstacles. Many machines are presented in several copies, for example, tracked minecraft gmz barrels in the museum of 3 units., I showed one of them in the first part of the review of the museum. In addition to them, there are still mine barrels.

Trailed Mine PMZ-4 Barrier.

Trailed Mine PMZ-4 Barrier.

Otropace Bat-M. This wonderful car was very loved in the troops. Bat is able to pull out almost any stuck technique, so you feel much calmer in the column.

Otropace Bat-M. This wonderful car was very loved in the troops. Bat is able to pull out almost any stuck technique, so you feel much calmer in the column.

Overpaste Wheel PCT.

Overpaste Wheel PCT.

Rifle agricultural machine PSM-2.

Rifle agricultural machine PSM-2.

Trench wheel TMK-2.

Trench wheel TMK-2.

For infantry, such cars are like manna heavenly. Despite all its drawbacks, it is a decent replacement shovel. And for excerpts of large trenches, this is the beast machine is used:

BTM-3 high-speed trench car.

BTM-3 high-speed trench car.

There were three pieces of such cars for a division. The speed of opening the trench of the main profile is up to 810 meters per hour. And if you need to open the trench for firing standing with a horse of heavy equipment, another wonderful car will help.

Machine for passages of catlers MDK-2M.

Machine for passages of catlers MDK-2M.

The trench for the tank This machine completely tears in 10 minutes. To change, she came even more powerful aggregate.

Machine for excerpts MDK-3 kittlers.

Machine for excerpts MDK-3 kittlers.

The performance of this monster rose from 350 to 600 cubic meters per hour of removed soil. If, on the contrary, it is necessary to open a small pit, and even a bizarre form, the MDK will not fit. Here you need an excavator.

EOS-4421 excavator.

EOS-4421 excavator.

BSM drill car. Designed for drilling wells (up to 30 m) when preparing explosive work.

BSM drill car. Designed for drilling wells (up to 30 m) when preparing explosive work.

Screper d-357p.

Screper d-357p.

Car crane 8T210. The main crane in the ground forces. Load capacity 6.3 tons. Crane equipment is driven by electric motors.

Car crane 8T210. The main crane in the ground forces. Load capacity 6.3 tons. Crane equipment is driven by electric motors.

Autocran on the basis of ZIL-130. Load capacity of this crane is also 6.3 tons.

Autocran on the basis of ZIL-130. Load capacity of this crane is also 6.3 tons.

In the Togliatti Museum there is a rich arsenal of techniques designed to overcome water obstacles.

Heavy mechanized TMM-3 bridge.

Heavy mechanized TMM-3 bridge.

One of the four browsers based on KRAZ-257 included in the TMM kit. It is able to transfer the bridge with a loading capacity of 60 T through an obstacle 40 m in 72 minutes.

MT-55 bridgestitch. Designed to the Czech Republic on the basis of T-55 tank. Capacked for three minutes to bring the bridge 18 m long and loading capacity of 50 tons.

MT-55 bridgestitch. Designed to the Czech Republic on the basis of T-55 tank. Capacked for three minutes to bring the bridge 18 m long and loading capacity of 50 tons.

Installation of construction of USM bridges. Installation was created for the construction of low-flow wooden bridges with a carrying capacity of up to 60 tons. For action in forest area - an indispensable machine. The museum has a more powerful technique of the same appointment - a set of Most-Building Means of CCM. This is a special. Ferry to clog piles and build bridge. Looks like a floating guillotine.

Installation of construction of USM bridges. Installation was created for the construction of low-flow wooden bridges with a carrying capacity of up to 60 tons. For action in forest area - an indispensable machine. The museum has a more powerful technique of the same appointment - a set of Most-Building Means of CCM. This is a special. Ferry to clog piles and build bridge. Looks like a floating guillotine.

Machine of the PMP pontoon bridge park.

Machine of the PMP pontoon bridge park.

The PMP is a huge vehicle complex that can enjoy a pontoon bridge of 227 m with a loading capacity of 60 tons for half an hour. In the photo №19 KRAZ-255V, equipped to transport one of 32 river links. Also, the PMP kit includes 12 BMK-130 tugboats or BMK-150 (both modifications are presented in the museum).

Tow driving boat BMK-150.

Tow driving boat BMK-150.

And maybe PMP is equipped with tug-and-motor boats pusher BMK-T. There are in the Museum of Technique, intended for crossing and through wider rivers. In order to be able to forward heavy equipment, even through the Volga, developed specials. Ferries.

And maybe PMP is equipped with tug-and-motor boats pusher BMK-T. There are in the Museum of Technique, intended for crossing and through wider rivers. In order to be able to forward heavy equipment, even through the Volga, developed specials. Ferries.

Pontoon-bridge machine PMM "Wave". Basic chassis Baz-5937, loading capacity of ferry 40 tons.

Pontoon-bridge machine PMM "Wave". Basic chassis Baz-5937, loading capacity of ferry 40 tons.

Crawler self-propelled ferry gsp. The ferry consists of two machines (semi-trims). Loading capacity is 52 tons. Since the boats are filled with foam, and on machines there are powerful pumps, it is practically impossible to drown the GSP.

Crawler self-propelled ferry gsp. The ferry consists of two machines (semi-trims). Loading capacity is 52 tons. Since the boats are filled with foam, and on machines there are powerful pumps, it is practically impossible to drown the GSP.

Crawler floating conveyor K-61. Could transport 40 soldiers with armament or ZIL-157 without cargo, as well as tools by caliber up to 122 mm. The museum has another modification of K-61, equipped with an arrow.

Crawler floating conveyor K-61. Could transport 40 soldiers with armament or ZIL-157 without cargo, as well as tools by caliber up to 122 mm. The museum has another modification of K-61, equipped with an arrow.

Floating self-propelled copper PSK-500. Designed in 1979, it is designed to drive piles under the support of bridges on land and water at a depth of up to two meters - two piles at the same time and at a depth of more than two meters - one pile.

Floating self-propelled copper PSK-500. Designed in 1979, it is designed to drive piles under the support of bridges on land and water at a depth of up to two meters - two piles at the same time and at a depth of more than two meters - one pile.

Crawler floating transporter PTS-2. Came to shift K-61. Created to transport 72 soldiers with full weapons, or Ural-4320, or the artsystems up to 152 mm.

Crawler floating transporter PTS-2. Came to shift K-61. Created to transport 72 soldiers with full weapons, or Ural-4320, or the artsystems up to 152 mm.

It is in the museum as an exhibit and a boat on an air cushion. It is intended for use as a search and rescue and rogue boat in places where the operation of water-based vessels is impossible (in difficult way conditions: in the summer on the fields and swamps, in winter on the snow-covered and ice surface, with floating ice and the mains).

ASVP type "Bars".

ASVP type "Bars".

Now I propose smoothly go to tractors, specials. chassis and automotive equipment placed in technical Museum AvtoVAZ.

Floating wheel chassis Baz-6944 "Basis-1". Wheel formula 8x8. The BAZ-6944 chassis was designed for use in the composition of the operational and tactical complex 9k714 "Oka". This is very interesting car, standing in a separate post. Someday I wise it especially.

Floating wheel chassis Baz-6944 "Basis-1". Wheel formula 8x8. The BAZ-6944 chassis was designed for use in the composition of the operational and tactical complex 9k714 "Oka". This is a very interesting car, standing in a separate post. Someday I wise it especially.

Tractor "Universal-2". This exhibit is knocked out from a number of cars purely military purposes, but I could not get around his attention. It hurts a colorful apparatus. Created on the basis of the American Pharmoll Tractor. Produced in 1934-1955. In several factories, during this time, 210 thousand tractors 4 modifications were released.

Tractor "Universal-2". This exhibit is knocked out from a number of cars purely military purposes, but I could not get around his attention. It hurts a colorful apparatus. Created on the basis of the American Pharmoll Tractor. Produced in 1934-1955. In several factories, during this time, 210 thousand tractors 4 modifications were released.

Tractor "Staline" C-65. The first domestic tractor with diesel engine. Produced in 1937-1941 in addition to village, he had to take part in the Second World War. C-65 was used to tow the middle and large-scale artcisystem.

Tractor "Staline" C-65. The first domestic tractor with a diesel engine. Produced in 1937-1941 in addition to village, he had to take part in the Second World War. C-65 was used to tow the middle and large-scale artcisystem.

Artillery tractor ATC-59. The number 59 in the title is the year of adoption. ATC-59 was used as a tractor like a chassis for various installations and in a civilian variant for the development of Siberia and the Far East.

Artillery tractor ATC-59. The number 59 in the title is the year of adoption. ATC-59 was used as a tractor like a chassis for various installations and in a civilian variant for the development of Siberia and the Far East.

Artillery tractor ATC-59g. Development previous modelAs a result of which the tractor received a new 6-bed cabin. As a tractor art. Systems were used little, more used as a conveyor, and was transferred to N / x to work in the north. In the museum such as three things, in different configuration.

Artillery tractor ATC-59g. The development of the previous model, as a result of which the tractor received a new 6-bed cabin. As a tractor art. Systems were used little, more used as a conveyor, and was transferred to N / x to work in the north. In the museum such as three things, in different configuration.

Crawler conveyor GT-C (GAZ-47). Created in the 50s for military and civilian use. Massively was used in the northern regions.

Crawler conveyor GT-C (GAZ-47). Created in the 50s for military and civilian use. Massively was used in the northern regions.

Crawler conveyor GT-cm (GAZ-71). Upgraded in 1968 GT-s. Mass of transported cargo 1 t.

Crawler conveyor GT-cm (GAZ-71). Upgraded in 1968 GT-s. Mass of transported cargo 1 t.

Crawler conveyor gt-t. Designed in the 50s heavy version of the caterpillar conveyor. Mass of transported cargo 2 tons.

Crawler conveyor gt-t. Designed in the 50s heavy version of the caterpillar conveyor. Mass of transported cargo 2 tons.

Sadel tractor MAZ-537g. Saddle tractor equipped with a winch. Could bang a semi-trailer with a complete mass of 68 tons.

Heavy evacuation conveyor Kat-t. Designed for primary and subsequent evacuation of wheel automotive equipment Gas, Zil, Ural, KAMAZ, KRAZ, BAZ, KZT, MAZ, and in general, any equipment weighing up to 45 tons. Classes based on MAZ-537.

Heavy evacuation conveyor Kat-t. Designed for primary and subsequent evacuation of wheel automotive equipment Gas, Zil, Ural, KAMAZ, KRAZ, BAZ, KZT, MAZ, and in general, any equipment weighing up to 45 tons. Classes based on MAZ-537.

You probably noticed that I show photos taken not in one day. In addition, I use photos made by comrades at my request earlier. The fact is that I have not mastered the photograph itself all exhibits. The museum is so huge that I was afraid that it was never enough for me to charge batteries in cameras. I used the second camera in the pavilion, while the first staged to recharge there. So I made more than a thousand pictures from which I post here only a small part. And many, of course, I missed interesting exhibits. A lot of automotive equipment remained behind the scenes. Her is true, a lot. Here are just one of the few glades with cars.

Studebeder US-6. Also arrived from the depths of Mosfilm. Recorder-neutralization machine 8T311.

Recorder-neutralization machine 8T311.

8T311 Developed on a Torzoksky factory of fire engines on the chassis of the car ZIL-131. Designed for degassing and decontamination of technology. Of course, a lot of this category remains behind the scenes. For example, BelAZ and Hungarian CSEPEL truck. But I did not put the task of removing all the exhibits. The picture as a whole seems to be transmitted. So, being in Togliatti, do not pass by :)

In the following parts, I will tell you about technician related to artillery, aviation, fleet, rocket technology, and also dedicated to steam locomotives, landing techniques, space.

PS. In the preparation of materials about engineering technique, I resorted to the help of the wonderful site of the Saper Yu.G. Vermaeeva.

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