The rules for the carriage of passengers in the traffic rules are given special attention, since the car has always been considered a source of increased danger. Changes are periodically made to this section, especially if the death rate of passengers in road accidents increases for one reason or another. Requirements for the carriage of passengers are specified in clause 22 of the Rules.
Disembarkation and embarkation of passengers
The vehicle driver should disembark and board passengers only after the vehicle has come to a complete stop. The start of movement is permissible only when the doors are completely closed.
This rule is mandatory, however, not all drivers comply with it, moving away even when the passenger door vehicle open.
In this situation, there is a violation of more than one rule, since the driver of the vehicle and passengers are required to buckle up before starting the movement.
Carriage of passengers in a car
Clause 22.8 of the SDA establishes the following restrictions:
- in any type of vehicle, except for the carriage of passengers in a van body or in the body of a cargo transport vehicle with an onboard platform, it is prohibited to carry passengers outside the cabin or additional structures for motorcycles;
- it is inadmissible to transport people in quantities exceeding the permissible characteristics of the norms.
At the first point, some drivers periodically close their eyes, carrying people not only in the cab of the car, but also on the hoods, in the trunk, on the roof of the vehicle. It should be borne in mind that the blame for the death of passengers in the event of their death will be borne only by the driver, who did not take care of ensuring their safety.
The fine for violation of the rules for the carriage of passengers is 1000 rubles.
The second paragraph provides for a limited number of seats in the case of passenger cars or a limitation in performance for large public transport such as buses, trolleybuses or trams.
For transporting an additional person in a car, a fine of 500 rubles is provided in accordance with Article 12.23 of the Administrative Code. Also, the inspector has the right to issue an additional fine for transporting a passenger without using a seat belt.
Violation of the passenger transportation rule can be observed in a situation when there are 6 people in the car instead of 5, and for the sixth there is no seat belt, which means he will not be able to use protection.
Passenger safety rules
Since January 2012, seat belts are compulsory for all types of vehicles.
In accordance with clause 2.1.2 of the SDA, drivers are required to transport their passengers using safety belts, and if there is an unfastened passenger, do not start driving.
In the case when children under the age of 12 are transported, the driver needs to install a special restraint in the cabin that can securely fix little passenger... On front seat the child can only be transported using a child seat. At the same time, it is forbidden to transport a child on back seat motorcycle.
Rules for the transportation of people in the back of a truck
In the back truck passengers can only be transported by a driver who has a VU of category C or subcategory C1 for 3 years or more.
If more than 8 but not more than 16 people are transported in the back of a truck, taking into account the driver and passengers in the cab, then the driver must have category B or subcategory D1. In the case of carrying more than 16 people, including the driver and passengers inside the cabin, only category D is required.
As for the flatbed truck, then with special equipment it is allowed to transport adults. Children are not allowed. If the on-board platform is not equipped for passenger transportation, then travel in such a body is permissible only for persons accompanying the cargo or traveling to receive the latter. But then an equipped seat is required below the level of the boards.
In the back truck more people should not be transported than is permissible according to technical characteristics or in more than there are seats.
Before starting the movement, the truck driver is obliged to instruct passengers on the rules for boarding, disembarking, placing and behaving in the back.
Rules for the carriage of passengers in buses
Organized transportation of children is allowed only in special buses, which have the identification marks "Transportation of children".
The driver should remember that he himself must ensure the life and health of his passengers, since this responsibility falls on him.
Video: Rules for the carriage of passengers by road
Car enthusiasts who have studied at a driving school and received driver's license category B, allowed to drive any vehicle, the total weight of which does not exceed 3500 kilograms. But, the fact is that many different cars fit into this category:
- hatchbacks;
- sedans;
- crossovers;
- jeeps;
- minivans;
- minibuses.
And if the owners of compact city vehicles for the entire period of operation have never thought about how many places category B is allowed to operate the car, then, for example, the owners of minibuses, at least once, had a serious conversation with the traffic police inspector.
Despite the fact that in the rules road traffic Category B is clearly indicated, how many passengers can be transported; disputes between car owners about this are still ongoing.
Some traffic police inspectors deliberately take advantage of the illiteracy of young drivers and issue them heavy fines for exceeding the permitted number of passengers in the vehicle.
Category B, how many passengers are still allowed for transportation?
Everyone knows from traffic rules that owners of category B rights can carry no more than 8 people in their car. That is, if your car has either exactly 8 or less passengers, the inspector does not have the right to fine you. How to calculate the number of passengers in a car?
The question at first glance is very ridiculous, but it is precisely to it that many intelligent people find it difficult to answer. Should the driver be considered when counting people? Do not know? Take out your driver's license and turn it over. Read carefully what is written in the table opposite the Latin letter "B" - ... And the number of seats, in addition to the driver's seat, does not exceed eight ... ".
Here you do not need to have a legal education to understand that together with a driver with a category B, there can be 8 more people in the vehicle, in total it turns out - 9.
What should minibus owners pay attention to?
If you have carefully studied the information contained in the license, you probably noticed that it is not about passengers, but category B to how many seats. They are not exactly the same thing. Therefore, if the total number of seats in your car is 9, of which one is for the driver and the weight of the vehicle is less than 3.5 tons, then you can drive safely, the main thing is not to violate the traffic rules.
But! If you have exactly the same car, and there are even one more seats in it, you cannot drive it without getting category "D". Otherwise, you face a fine. When calculating the seating position, do not forget to take into account the seats located in the cab next to the driver's.
Don't take the text on your driver's license as the only correct guide to action. Do not forget that the basic rules are contained in the text of the traffic rules and it says in detail how much passengers with category B can be transported, and what exceptions to this rule are. Therefore, if you have an ordinary passenger car weighing 1.5 - 2 tons, on which the manufacturer provides for the carriage of no more than four passengers at a time, then exceeding this limit even for one person, you will also be fined for violating the rules for the carriage of passengers.
We hope that after reading our article, you no longer have any questions regarding the rules for transporting people in cars and other cars that are allowed for operation if the driver has category B.
In this article, we will consider the legislation in force for 2018 in the field of carriage of passengers by personal and commercial vehicles, namely, how many passengers can be transported in a particular car, what is the fine for transportation extra passengers.
Let's take a look at a few common examples. You are the owner passenger carmobile, and you want to carry more passengers than is provided by the design. Is this allowed by the Road Traffic Rules?
Prohibition of carriage of extra passengers in traffic rules
We will quote clause 22.8 of the SDA:
22.8. It is forbidden to transport people:
outside the cab of the car (except for the cases of transporting people in the body of a truck with an onboard platform or in a van body), a tractor, etc. self-propelled machines, on cargo trailer, in a trailer-dacha, in the back cargo motorcycle and beyond provided by the design motorcycle seating;
in excess of the amount specified in the technical characteristics of the vehicle.
Every car has technical certificate, in which the manufacturer prescribes the prescribed number of seats. In addition, there are official guides automotive Institute US, on the basis of which the traffic police inspector can also find out how much passenger seats provided in a particular car. Often this information is duplicated in the TCP, in column 3. Type of vehicle or special marks, for example, "van with the right to transport 6 people".
Usually, cars are produced in five-seater: two seats in front and a three-seater sofa in the back. Each seat is equipped with its own seat belt, so if the number of passengers is exceeded, someone will not get the seat belt.
Buses often have standing areas for passengers.
Consider paragraph 22.3 of the SDA:
22.3. The number of people transported in the back of a truck, as well as in the cabin of a bus carrying out transportation on an intercity, mountain, tourist or excursion route, and organized transportation groups of children should not exceed the number of seats equipped.
As it becomes clear from this point of the traffic rules, there can be no standing places when transporting people in the back of a truck, on intercity bus transportations, in tourist and sightseeing buses, as well as when transporting children.
Well, in other cases (commercial transportation in the city, transportation of workers to the place of work, etc.), standing passengers are allowed within the limits of standing places permitted by the data sheet.
Extra passenger fine in 2017
If the rules for transporting people are violated, the driver of the car is considered guilty. He is punished under Art. 12.23 Administrative Code:
1. Violation of the rules for the transportation of people, with the exception of the cases provided for by parts 2 - 6 of this article, -
shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred rubles.
Thus, it does not matter how many passengers are traveling in excess of the norm: at least one, at least ten. The fine for violation of the transportation rules will still be 500 rubles.
Simultaneously with the fine for "overloading" passengers, the traffic police inspector may issue a fine for the transportation of unfastened passengers:
Article 12.6. Violation of the rules for using seat belts or motorcycle helmets
Driving a vehicle by a driver who is not wearing a seat belt, transporting passengers not wearing seat belts, if the design of the vehicle provides for seat belts, as well as driving a motorcycle or moped, or transporting passengers on a motorcycle without motorcycle helmets or in unfastened motorcycle helmets -
shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of one thousand rubles.
As can be seen from the text, if the vehicle is equipped with seat belts, all passengers must be fastened.
Penalty for violation of the rules for transporting children
Within the framework of the situation under consideration with an excess of the number of passengers of the permissible norm, you can turn to the option when there is a child in the car, and he child seat, and on the lap of one of the passengers, since all other seats are taken.
A separate traffic rules point is responsible for transporting children in a car.
22.9. Transportation of children is allowed provided their safety is ensured, taking into account the design features of the vehicle.
The transportation of children under 12 years of age in vehicles equipped with seat belts must be carried out using child restraints appropriate for the weight and height of the child, or other means that allow the child to be fastened using the seat belts provided by the vehicle design, and in the front seat passenger car - only with the use of child restraints.
If there is a child in the car who is not fastened with a special restraint device, the private driver will be punished under Art. 12.23 a fine already for 3000 rubles, regardless of the number of incorrectly transported children.
Article 12.23. Violation of the rules for transporting people
3. Violation of the requirements for the carriage of children established by the Traffic Regulations -
shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine on the driver in the amount of three thousand rubles; on officials - twenty five thousand rubles; on legal entities - one hundred thousand rubles.
Note separately that if the vehicle is not equipped from the factory with seat belts (some old models), it is impossible to bring the driver to responsibility (fine) for unfastened passengers, whether they are adults or children.
If during a trip there are more people in the car than its technical characteristics allow, this is contrary to traffic rules and is punishable by law. For violation, administrative liability is provided in accordance with article of the Code of Administrative Offenses No. 12.23. In such cases, traffic police officers have the right to issue a fine for an extra passenger, as well as for several other points.
The amount of the fine and who must pay it
According to traffic rules, it is not allowed to transport people if their number exceeds the number seats in car. So, if a traffic police officer notices four passengers in the back seat of a passenger car, then he must issue a fine for violation. Transportation extra person will cost the driver 500 rubles (article of the Administrative Code 12.23, paragraph 1).
But the total amount of penalties can be much higher. Previously, drivers paid only for the most "expensive" offense, but now the amount of all penalties is added up if two or more violations are committed (part 1 of article 4.4 of the Administrative Code).
If there is an extra passenger in the car, then the seat belt is missing. This is a separate offense, which is added to the main one and is estimated at 1000 rubles (Article 12.6 of the Administrative Code).
Sometimes in road practice there are fans of extreme trips when people are outside the cabin. For such a dangerous movement, a third fine in the amount of 1,000 rubles is added to all of the above (Article 12.23 of the Administrative Code, part 2).
All of the above sanctions are imposed on the driver, as he is responsible for the life and health of his passengers. In addition, an unfastened passenger will also pay a fine, because violates clause 5.1 of the SDA, which obliges those in the car to use seat belts. The penalty will be 500 rubles (part 1 of article 12.29 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation).
When is it considered that there is an extra passenger in the car
If there are more than 5 people in the car, then for an ordinary car this is a violation of the rules. According to traffic rules (clause 22.8), it is allowed to carry the number of people that is provided technical characteristics vehicle. For a standard passenger car, this is five people, including the driver.
TO trucks are presented with even more strict requirements, since violations threaten with more serious consequences and can lead to the death of a large number of people on the road. Passengers can be transported in the cabin, taking into account the number of seats. It is allowed to put people in the back only if the requirements of clause 22 of the SDA are observed. Otherwise, the fine will be 1,000 rubles (Article 12.23 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation, Part 2). The amount is fixed and does not change depending on the number of passengers.
A driver transporting people in the back of a truck will not be fined if all of the following conditions are met (clause 22 of the SDA):
the person behind the wheel has a driving license for the right to drive a vehicle of category "C" or "C1" for at least 3 years;
when carrying 8-16 people (including passengers in the cabin), a driver's license for the right to drive a vehicle of category "D" or "D1" is required;
in the case of transportation of more than 16 people, the presence of category "D" is required;
the number of people transported cannot exceed the number of seats;
the machine must be in good working order;
the platform truck must be equipped with seats installed at a height of 30-50 cm from the floor and at least 30 cm from the top edge of the side.
seats placed along the rear or side boards must have secure backs;
the carriage of children in the back is prohibited.
In the bus, depending on its technical capabilities, a certain number of sitting and standing places is installed. Information about this is posted in the salon. But there are situations when each passenger must be provided with a separate sitting place (clause 22.3 of the SDA). The rule applies:
for intercity transportation;
when driving in mountainous terrain;
when the bus is used to transport tourists and conduct excursions;
when transporting children.
How to understand how many people can be transported in a car
To determine the correct transportation of people, the following requirements should be followed.
Passengers must be in the car or in the back if there are equipped seats.
If the car has seat belts installed not only in the front, but also in the rear seats, then each passenger must be fastened.
Children under 12 years old, according to clause 22.9 of the SDA, are transported using seat belts (only from 7 years old), or specialized restraints that correspond to their weight and height, or other devices that allow you to fasten the child with seat belts.
The number of people must correspond technical regulations for a specific car (some models belong to category B, but allow you to transport up to 7 people without breaking the rules).
Many car models that are now noticeably outdated were produced from the factory without seat belts in the rear seats. In this case, traffic police officers are not entitled to prosecute for an unfastened passenger.
The driver is prohibited from transporting people in a trailer of any configuration, outside the cabin passenger car (in the trunk, on the roof, on the hood), in the towed car.
What is the danger of transporting extra passengers
Excess passengers are a risk to their life and health. In Russia, people often do not take road safety seriously enough. Some drivers neglect the rule of transporting people or securing children using special mounts.
But traffic rules are based on sad experience and are written based on the real situation on the road in order to prevent the death of citizens. It is important to remember and understand the following.
An overcrowded car shifts its center of gravity, making it difficult to maneuver. This increases the risk of drifts, accidents, failure of auto parts.
Exceeding the established norm for passengers leads to an increase in the braking distance.
A crowded car takes longer to overtake. Sometimes drivers do not take this fact into account, which leads to accidents on the highway.
Passenger pressure on rear doors can cause them to open and people fall on the road from a moving vehicle.
In addition, overloading passengers harms the car and leads to rapid wear of parts. The machine can be damaged while driving due to excessive load on the rear suspension.
Examples of overloading cars by people
Usually, an overload situation occurs when people travel on vacation. A common mistake is that the child is not allocated a separate place. Ignoring the rules of transportation, some believe that the 4 passenger seats are for adults, and children can be picked up.
This is a misconception. According to the rules, each child should be allocated a separate seat in the cabin. Even if four children can easily fit in the back seat, such transportation would be a serious violation (clause 22.9 of the SDA).
To prevent overloading, the number of people in the cabin must correspond to the characteristics of the car, as specified in the data sheet.
If, according to the documents, the car has five seats, then the number of passengers should not exceed 4 people, the fifth is the driver.
Difficulties with this can arise in families that have 4 or more children. In this case, the only correct way to travel together is to use suitable car, in which the number of seats is more than five.
Among foreign cars, there are many seven-seat models of crossovers and minivans. From among the representatives of the domestic auto industry big family may come in handy "Lada Largus". To control it, it is enough to have driver's category IN.
If the trip by a large company is one-time, then it is better to use a taxi, where some of the passengers will transfer. This will not only avoid a fine. The main thing is to ensure safety, otherwise a fun vacation trip can end in tragedy.
So, for each model of the machine, maximum loads are provided, the excess of which damages the equipment and threatens with rapid wear of parts. But this is not the most important thing. In road practice, overloaded vehicles often have accidents that could have been avoided if the passenger numbers were observed. Rules are created to ensure the safety of all road users. Many drivers do not take these regulations seriously enough. Because of this, fines are provided to protect drivers from violations by the threat of material punishment.
