How to properly exploit a passenger trailer in winter so as not to fall into the accident and not to represent threats to other participants in motion? What kind of driving nuances should be aware of not to allow such situations as trailer and tipping into a ditch?
Winter tires
Each year on the eve of a long winter period, issues devoted to the need to change on tire cars are discussed on all motor enthusiastic forums. Substantive discussions are underway whether it is necessary to transfer the trailer for a thorough rubber. As a rule, the opinions of drivers do not coincide.
Some car owners are confident that the tires must be changed and the tractor and the trailer necessarily. Others do not agree, in their opinion, if you accelerate and brake calmly, then winter tires The trailer is not mandatory. There are also such drivers who prefer in winter on passenger trailers to put the so-called "all-season" or ride on awkward winter tires.
In winter, the road can be slippery, another danger is a loose snow, drifts on the roads. The driver must be able to correctly respond correctly if he sees in the mirrors, as a trailer enters. And the dangers from all sides. If the left turn, the trailer goes to the side of the road, gets fucked in loose snow And pulls the car. At the right turn, the trailed platform with summer rubber In general, it flies into the oncoming lane, if an inexperienced driver driving.
Do not allow sharp braking
The biggest threat to the trailer is ice on the road, when the clutch of the wheels is not enough, the road train can become uncontrollable. On the icing road you can not dramatically drop speed. The trailer unfavorable with his own brakes pushes a tractor that causes the rotation of both vehicle. In addition, a pop train can occur, while the trailer platform will hit the tractor in the side. To avoid this, to all maneuvers, the driver must prepare in advance, to slow down the engine, passing to low transmission.
Do not allow trailer swinging
In the event of transverse oscillations, it is necessary to immediately take measures so that the trailer stops swing. For this, the driver must smoothly accelerate, stretching the road train and preventing rhythmic drift. In the case when the trailer begins to jump out of the rut, it should also be added to gas, the "bolt" will stop.
Loose snow and drifts
To leave deep snow on full drive include low gear. If the machine with the front-wheel drive, put the first transmission, make sure that the wheels are not started to buck. If your car tray is stuck in deep snow, it should be removed at least before the front pair of the wheels and, moving forward, then back, try to leave. If this method does not give the result, it remains only to unload a trailer.
In our specialized you can always get recommendations on how to manage the machine with a trailer in winter. Call!
Riding on the roads of our country requires constant attention and caution drivers regardless of the season. However, in the winter, when on the roads appears, and a huge amount of snow appears on the roads, driving becomes even more extreme. This is especially true of those who continue to exploit their car with a trailer in winter.
So, everyone knows that the clutch of the wheels with the road covered by frozen or the rolled snow is very bad and it is necessary to keep an enlarged distance until the car is ahead. When driving with a trailer, this distance must be kept even more, since the loaded trailer significantly increases your braking distances. Braking should always be very smooth (it is advisable to perform it by the engine), since any short press The brakes will provoke lateral skid. If necessary emergency braking, then make it short impulse presses on the brake pedal. If you plan to often use the trailer in winter, it is better if it is equipped with a brake system.
When turning, try to minimize the speed and enter the most common trajectory. Pressing the gas pedal also needs to be performed smoothly. Any mistake on slipping road Inevitably provokes a skid.
When driving around narrow and country roads, you pay close attention to the sidelines. A large amount of snow accumulates on the side of such roads, which can provoke the trailer skid and its tightening into a ditch, and this is very dangerous. The higher the speed of your road train, the more difficult it is to avoid tightening, so when driving with counter cars on narrow roads, try to reduce the speed. Overtaking on such roads do only if you are completely confident that counter Strip It has a solid coating.
Especially carefully needed to the roads covered with fresh snow. Many people think that the grip of the wheels on such roads is better, but it is not at all. Usually under this snow there are iced plots and fresh snow when braking or on the turn only will enhance the skid.
If you hit deep snowthen you need to move slowly on reduced transmission And ensure that there is no slip of the wheels. Try not to stop and do not make steep turns. If your car traya is still stuck in the snow, then try using a star or simply use the shovel to clear the road in front of the wheels.
Such an addition to a passenger car as a trailer, significantly expands the capabilities of the car itself, and for many car owners is often simply necessary.
As a rule, for these purposes, that is, with passenger cars, uniaxial trailers are used.
Uniaxial trailers
Such trailers, depending on their installed maximum mass, is made to divide on the "light", which are permitted maximum massMounted by the manufacturer does not exceed 750 kg, and "heavy" trailers, with a permitted maximum mass exceeding 750 kg.
Uniaxial trailer
These types of trailers are distinguished not only by their "lifting capacity". Unlike the "heavy" trailers, "light" trailers are not always equipped, while "heavy" trailers must have brakes necessarily.
Than the car should be equipped
In order for a car to drive with a trailer, it must be equipped with a standard type that has a plug outlet through which the electric temperature of the trailer is connected to the car electriable.
Coupling device
Also, if the trailer is wider than a car-tractor and thereby worsens the rear view for the driver, the car must be equipped with rear-view mirrors with elongated brackets.
Going on the road with a trailer, you always need to have two anti-digit wedge in the car, placed under the wheels if the car stops on the slope.
Rules Riding with Trailer
Driving a car with a trailer has its own characteristics:
1. It should always be borne in mind that the trailer will significantly change the "behavior" of the car on the road, and its presence requires special attention from the driver. When driving with a trailer, the braking pathway of the road train is necessarily increasing, and the dynamism and time of acceleration decreases, even if the trailer is empty.
At the same time, the passability of the car and its maneuverability will be worse on the contrary. These factors make way trading at low speed, avoiding sharp accelerations and braking.
2. When performing various maneuvers, it is always necessary to take into account the length of the road train, its large dimensions, and created by the road train, the so-called "corridor of turning", that is, the trajectory in which the car and the trailer move in turn.
By performing such maneuvers, such as overtaking or braking when driving with a trailer, you need to have a sufficient stock of distances and time, and take into account that the dynamic characteristics of the car have become worse.
3. Troce from the place, when towing the trailer you need as smrior as possible, without jerks. Otherwise, the wheels can start slipping, which leads to intensive wear of the tires, increases fuel consumption, and can cause a transmission failure or a coupling device.
4. An obstacle or other vehicles found on the road or other vehicles need to be engaged, making a greater than the interval usually, as well, to return to its lane after performing a detachment, is needed on more than usual removal from these objects.
5. Such a maneuver, like overtaking, is quite dangerous, so it is necessary to perform it only if there is a need for this, while it is necessary to take into account that the overtaking zone has become more, by reducing the vehicle dynamism.
6. We must not forget that for a car with a trailer, a tendency to "folding" is characterized, that is, the "incision" of the trailer for the car, which can cause a skid.
As a rule, this effect occurs during braking, especially on turns. To avoid such trouble, you need to reduce speed in advance before turning. If you avoid "folding" yet, it was not possible to align the road train, stopping braking and increasing the speed.
7. Moving with a trailer on dirt roads, try not to go between rings, as the trailer can get into one kopeva, and the car itself is in another.
8. Do not have the experience of driving a car with a trailer, it is advisable to practice on a safe playground reverse - It is such a maneuver who often causes difficulties.
9. The right placement of cargo on the trailer also needs to pay special attention. Most optimal option The "ravings" of the trailer is considered to be this, in which it is drawn to rely on the coupling device with an effort from 35 to 95 kg.
Proper and improper placement of cargo on the trailer
With incorrect cargo placement, that is, when weighing weight forward or backward, relative to the trailer axis significantly increases the load on the coupling device, which can cause bad car handling.
During long trip It takes from time to time to stop, and check the reliability of the cargo fastening in the trailer.
10. Going on the road with a trailer, you need to check the reliability of the traction-hitch each time, the serviceability of the light alarm, lead to the rate of the car and the trailer, check their condition, check the reliability of the wheel attachment, correct the location of the cargo in the trailer.
Video - Movement with a trailer around the city:
I hope that the article responded to all your questions. Good luck on the roads!
12 questions about trailer for passenger cars
1) What category is it required to drive with a trailer?
For the use of trailers, the allowed maximum mass of which does not exceed 750 kg (Kurgan trailers), enough driver's license with category "B".
2) What cars can you use a trailer?
Kurgan trailers can be used with any cars allowing trailer towing. It is worth noting, the full mass of the trailer should not exceed the car manufacturer permitted by the manufacturer.
3) How needs to make a car to use a trailer?
To use the trailer to the car, you need to install a traction coupling device with electrical wiring for trailer lighting devices for passenger cars.
4) how to choose a trailer for a passenger car?
First, you need to understand what you will use a trailer. For the carriage of goods: Building materials, firewood, furniture, etc., for transporting snowmobiles, hydrocycles or quad biccles. In shopping centers, experts will help you choose a trailer for your needs.
Secondly, in the instructions for your car, it is necessary to find the item "Maximum mass of the towed trailer equipped / not equipped with brakes." The same information can be found on the Internet, or call the dealer station. The information is also on the plane plate installed on the car.
5) What are the features of movement with a trailer?
The loaded trailer reduces the accelerated dynamics of the passenger car and increases the brake path. This must be considered when performing overtaking and braking. It is necessary to slow down smoothly, regardless of that empty trailer or loaded. It is necessary to observe the distance with the machine going ahead, and slow down gradually. Before turning, it is better to reduce the speed in advance, and the turn to pass "in the lady". Tracking jerks, especially when turning turns, can trigger the trailer or car drift and their "folding". On the high speeds A trailer swings from side to side. Maximum speed A passenger car with a trailer outside settlements Must be less than 20 km / h. On motorways not higher than 90 km / h, on other roads - 70 km / h. When driving with a trailer, maneuvering and parking in urban conditions are significantly complicated. Particularly difficult is the movement by reverse. Trailers with a high awning worsen the rear review, so it should be careful with them when driving into a strong wind.
6) How to load a trailer correctly?
The cargo should be placed evenly: the center of its gravity should be above the axis (uniaxial trailer) or between the trailer axes (biaxial trailer). The offset forward will cause an excessive load on the hitch and the entire back of the car, reducing the grip of the controlled wheels with the road. The shift of the center of gravity back will lead to the rise of the back of the car, which dramatically worsens the car handling.
7) Can the load be performed for the labartes of the trailer?
In accordance with the head of 23 traffic police of the Russian Federation, the cargo should not be at the back of more than 2 m, to be more than 2.55 m in width, and the height of the trailer with the load should be no more than 4 m from the surface of the carriageway. At the same time, the load protruding the dimensions of the vehicle in front and behind more than 1 m (or on the side of more than 0.4 m from the outer edge overall fire) must be marked with the identification signs "Large load", and in the dark and in conditions of insufficient visibility, in addition, in front - with a lantern or a backgrowor white color, Behind - with a lantern or red-factor of red.
8) Do I need to put winter / summer tires on the trailer?
Russia does not need. Most trailers, especially domestic productionsold from us with all-season rubber. When buying a trailer, a trailer should be purchased with wheels of the same radius, as in your car. Trailers of our production are equipped with radius wheels 13, 14, 15, 16.
9) How does the car fuel consumption increase?
On average, fuel consumption increases from 5 to 15%. But here much depends on the proportions of the composition of the "car's power - the mass of the trailer". Driving conditions are also caused by the driving conditions: a kilometer around the city and on the villagers. It is also necessary to take into account the mass of the cargo: the trailer loaded "under the string" requires a lot of car-tractor forces, and, as a result, increase fuel consumption.
10) Does the trailer be registered in the traffic police?
Necessarily. The trailer must be registered in the traffic police at the place of residence of the owner. In place of sale on the trailer there is a passport of a vehicle (TCP) and a contract of sale is drawn up. The contract of sale is a document confirming the right to hold the trailer. When registering the owner is issued a certificate and license plate.
11) Should the trailer undergo inspection?
From January 1, 2012, the owners of trailers do not need to undergo a technical inspection.
The abolition of technical inspection is regulated by the Federal Law of 01.07.2011 N 170-FZ (ed. From 12/03/2011) "On technical inspection Vehicles and Amendments to Selected Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation "
For legal entities There is another rule that determines the schedule of passage of inspection depending on the age of the car (Article 15):
- From 0 to 3 years old do not undergo inspection;
- From 3 to 7 years once every two years;
- Over 7 years old once a year;
12) Do you need to insure the trailer?
For individuals The insurance of the trailer is not required. Trailer can be insured at the CASCO. Such a policy will cost, on average, 2% of the cost of the trailer for the risk of "damage" and at 0.5% at risk of "theft".
