BMW which country is the manufacturer. BMW history

BMW cars, thanks to their memorable appearance, have become the most recognizable cars on the streets and in traffic, city streams.

"Powerful", "elegant", "stylish" - all these epithets, history BMW cars, numbered a lot. As it rarely happens, the history of BMW and, especially in the post-war years, developed quite smoothly, "in German", without any ups and downs, but first things first.

History of creation

The founder of the company is Rapp Karl Friedrich (an interesting fact - Rapp worked for a long time as technical director at Daimler-Benz), who in 1913 began to master aircraft engines and in 1916 a contract was signed for the supply of engines to the Austro-Hungarian coalition.

But after a change of leadership in 1917, Franz Joseph Popp, gave the main brand name - "BMW AG" (Bavarian Motor Plants). After the ban on the production of aircraft in Germany (Treaty of Versailles, end of the First World War), history BMW development tells us about how the company switched to the production of locomotive brakes for railway transport.

History of motorcycles

After numerous achievements in aviation, it was decided to "go down to Earth" and in 1923 the first BMW motorcycle "R 32" was produced, then the sporty "R 37".

The history of BMW motorcycles is amazing, a huge number of records, victories and prizes, for the entire production period, put BMW motorcycles on a par with more narrowly focused companies (American Harley Davidson, Japanese Kawasaki). The valuation of the achievements that the motorcycle history of BMW models can boast of is the value of vintage motorcycles. Even pre-war examples are distinguished by high quality of driving comfort and speed characteristics.

Pre-war history

The company produced its first car in 1928, after acquiring a plant in Eisenach. The first car was the Dixi, which absolutely met the requirements of those times, the special excitement for this model was in the UK, and the company had to produce right-hand drive cars. Perhaps this “success” was the reason for the renaming of the car: instead of “DIXY”, it became known as “BMW”, and from that moment on, the legendary march of the “blue and white propeller” began around the world.

In 1933, BMW released the next iconic model - the six-cylinder BMW 303. The famous "nostrils" began to adorn the front panel of the car, the "nostrils" that were "worn" by almost all generations of BMW.

The next car of the company became almost legendary, with it BMW won almost all prizes and awards possible at that time - the BMW 328. The first serial roadster, created and designed during one year, 1936, the BMW 328 became the real pride of the company.

By the beginning of the Second World War, BMW was at the top of the aviation, auto and motorcycle industries, unfortunately on the side of the Nazis.

During the second world

In the second world company entered as a manufacturer of weapons.

First of all, these were aircraft engines for the Luftwaffe.

After 1943, the company creates the first turbo jet engine BMW - 003, and successfully implements it on AR - 234. The achieved altitude was 12 800 m, which is undoubtedly a record for that time, even for a country on the verge of defeat.

In general, there are many white spots and gaps in the military history of BMW, but there is no doubt that the labor of prisoners and prisoners of concentration camps was used at the factories of the concern. After the defeat in the Second World War, the BMW factories were dismantled and taken out by the allies, including in the USSR (an interesting fact - AZLK cars, "Muscovites", at that time were a symbiosis of BMW and Opel).

Post-war time

Since BMW was recognized as a supplier and manufacturer of weapons, it was forbidden to create and produce equipment. The exceptions were motorcycles, with a volume of up to 250 cubic cm. Also, the company was forced to produce "consumer goods" necessary for the revival of the country from ruins, pans, pots, fittings and the like. The permission to manufacture bicycles turned out to be a landmark for the company.

Since all technical documentation and factory facilities were destroyed, everything had to be created from scratch. Even the bicycle was “invented” and redesigned, as access to technical information was closed. A significant achievement was the decision to install a low-power engine on a bicycle, it was thanks to this that permission was given to produce motorcycles low power and already in 1948 the first post-war R24 with 250 cc and 12 HP came out. Then came the R25 2-cylinder, and by the end of 1950 more than 17,000 were produced.

In 1952, the company was given the opportunity to return to the automotive industry, and the luxury BMW 501 was released, which immediately brought BMW back into the industry.

An interesting fact - there is a lot of confusion about the post-war BMW. For example, the Eisenach plant, which previously belonged to the concern and then became part of the USSR, produced BMW 321 cars, and then BMW 340 (although the icon is a propeller, it was replaced with a red one) until 1953.

The comeback and history of the development of BMW. "Eggs on Wheels"

Despite the release of good luxury cars BMW 501 and BMW 507, in the post-war crisis, not everyone could afford such cars and companies, in order to survive, they had to sink to the bottom. A license was bought for a tiny little car "Izetta", popularly nicknamed "egg on wheels", but oddly enough it worked, the "eggs" sold out in huge numbers and the company slowly began to turn back into a concern.

This success almost ruined the company, as the only erroneous decision was made - a return to luxury cars. Nobody is allowed to "jump" immediately from the "eggs" to the limousines, not even BMW, and in 1959 there was an offer from the main and constant competitor BMW, Daimler - Benz, about the purchase of the company.

We can safely say that it was the workers who saved the company from the takeover, thereby not depriving us, the descendants, of watching the amazing vicissitudes of the two auto giants BMW and Mercedes-Benz. The workers and engineers believed in the company's potential and convinced the management not only not to sell the company, but also to confidently and repeatedly expand production. There were sponsors and funds, and the next milestone in development was a chapter called "success".

Success on all "fronts"

Until 1975, BMW was confidently gaining points in various areas of the automotive industry. Many positive results have been achieved through trial and error, both in the sport and in the civilian industries. The concern increased its capacity, built laboratories, and began the construction of that famous "BMW headquarters" hanging house. After the motorcycle splash of the 60s and 70s, the BMW corporation finally got on its feet, and began to carry out an "insidious" plan to "take over" the planet.

Checkmate

In the 70s. Over the years, the BMW concern has released the very famous two series - "three" and "five", which to this day remain the sales leaders all over the world. The unique design, created by the great sculptor and great racing lover, by and large, it was then that determined the sporting future of cars, even in civilian performance.

The history of the BMW 5 Series is especially noteworthy. It was this series that played a major role in the company's success. It was on it that the implementation of all innovative projects and technological innovations was carried out. So the 520 model of 1995 set the safety standards around the world and, due to the use of special materials, reached a recycling rate of 85%. For many, this fact will cause a grin, but you know, to achieve such an effect, world manufacturers spent 33.3 billion dollars, is it still ridiculous?

BMW X5

Although almost all BMW cars are successful and in demand, the BMW X5 stands alone.

For a long time the company did not dare to release an SUV, but in 1999 (for reference - main competitor Mercedes-Benz released the ML -class in 1996, 3 years earlier) the X5 was released and, without understatement, made a splash in world markets. No wonder he bears the nickname "flawless", X5 has surpassed its competitors.

The lineup

Although a huge number of models have been released over the years, the main ones can be considered those that began to be produced in series. There are 1st, 3rd, 5th, 6th, 7th May and 8th series, as well as M-class, X - Class and Z - class. A huge number of engines, more than any other manufacturer, deserve a separate article.

Outcome

Of course, the history of BMW is worthy of respect and admiration, even in spite of the obvious connection with the Nazis, during the war years. Manufacturer of one of best cars planet, has shown various examples of "survival" in the face of crises and failures, proving to the whole world that it is impossible to develop without technological solutions and new developments, even with ideal management.

Mercedes-Benz and BMW history of creating competition deserves special gratitude, since it is clear that without BMW there was no today's Mercedes-Benz and vice versa.

In 1913, on the northern outskirts of Munich, Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto, son of the inventor of the engine internal combustion Nikolaus August Otto, two small aircraft engine firms are created. The outbreak of the First World War immediately brought numerous orders for aircraft engines. Rapp and Otto decide to merge into one aircraft engine plant. This is how a factory appears in Munich aircraft engines, which in July 1917 is registered under the name Bayerische Motoren Werke ("Bavarian Motor Works") - BMW. This date is considered to be the year of the founding of BMW, and Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto are its founders.

Although the exact date of appearance and the moment of foundation of the company is still the subject of controversy between automotive historians. And all because the official industrial company BMW was registered on July 20, 1917, but long before that, in the same city of Munich, there were many companies and associations that were also engaged in the development and production of aircraft engines. Therefore, in order to finally see the "roots" of BMW, it is necessary to travel back to the last century, to the territory of the GDR that existed not so long ago. It was there that on December 3, 1886, the involvement of today's BMW in the automotive business was "exposed", and it was there, in the city of Eisenach, in the period from 1928 to 1939. was the headquarters of the company.

Heinrich Erhardt and the "motorized carriage Wartburg"

On December 3, 1896 in the city of Eisenach, Heinrich Ehrhardt founded a factory for the production of cars for the needs of the army and, oddly enough, bicycles. Already the fifth in the district. And, probably, Erhardt would have been producing dark green mountain bikes, ambulances and mobile soldiers' kitchens if he had not seen the success of Daimler and Benz with their motorized carriages.

And it was decided to do something light, not military and, of course, different from what competitors have already done. But to save time and money, Erhardt bought the license from the French. The Parisian car was called Ducaville.

This is how what is today called BMW was born. And then this monster was called "motorized carriage Wartburg", and it was not his own development. A couple of years later, in September 1898, the Wartburg under its own power arrived at an automobile exhibition in Dusseldorf and took its place alongside Daimler, Benz, Opel and Durkopp.

1917: Rapp Motor Company is renamed BMW Bayerische Motoren Werke

One of the local attractions of Eisenach became the reason for the appearance of the name of the first car ("Wartburg"), which was published in 1898 after the company created a number of 3- and 4-wheel prototypes. The first-born "Wartburgs" were the most horseless wagon equipped with a 0.5-liter 3.5 hp engine. There was no hint of the presence of front and rear suspensions. This maximally simplified design became a good incentive for more progressive work of local engineers and designers, who a year later created a car that accelerated to 60 km / h. Moreover, in 1902, the Wartburg appeared with a 3.1-liter engine and a 5-speed gearbox, which was enough to win the race in Frankfurt the same year.

Highly important point In the history of the BMW company and the plant in Eisenach, 1904 began, when cars under the name "Dixie" were exhibited at the Frankfurt Motor Show, testifying to the good development of the enterprise and a new level of production. There were two models in total - "S6" and "S12", the numbers in the designation of which indicated the number Horse power... (By the way, the S12 was not discontinued until 1925.)

1919: Franz Zeno Diemer (center) with his record aircraft

Max Fritz, who worked at the Daimler plant, was invited to the position of chief designer at Bayerische Motoren Werke. Under the leadership of Fritz, the aircraft engine BMW IIIa was manufactured, which successfully passed bench tests in September 1917. At the end of the year, the aircraft equipped with this engine set a world record, having risen to 9760 m.

Then there was BMW emblem- a circle divided into two blue and two white sectors, which was a stylized image of a propeller rotating against the sky. It was also taken into account that blue and white are the national colors of the earth of Bavaria.

After the end of the First World War, the company was on the verge of collapse, since according to the Treaty of Versailles, the Germans were forbidden to produce engines for aircraft, namely engines at that time were the only products of BMW. But the enterprising Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto find a way out - the plant is redesigned to produce first motorcycle engines, and then the motorcycles themselves. In 1923 the first R32 motorcycle comes out of the BMW factory. At the 1923 Motor Show in Paris, this first BMW motorcycle immediately gained a reputation for speed and reliability, which was confirmed by absolute speed records in international motorcycle races of the 20s and 30s.

1923: First BMW motorcycles

In the early 1920s, two influential businessmen appeared in the history of BMW - Gothaer and Shapiro, to whom the company fell, falling into the abyss of debts and losses. The main reason for the crisis was the underdevelopment of its own automobile production, along with which the enterprise, by the way, was engaged in the production of aircraft engines. And since the latter, unlike cars, brought the bulk of the means for existence and development, BMW found itself in an unenviable position. The "medicine" was invented by Shapiro, who was on a short leg with the English car industrialist Herbert Austin and was able to agree with him about the start of mass production of "Austins" in Eisenach. Moreover, the production of these cars was put on the conveyor, which by that time, except for BMW, could only boast of Daimler-Benz.

1928 Austin 7

The first 100 licensed Austins, which enjoyed incredible success in Britain, rolled off the assembly line in Germany with right-hand drive, which was a novelty for the Germans. Later, the design of the machine was changed in accordance with local requirements, and the machines were produced under the name "Dixie". By 1928 more than 15,000 Dixies (read Austins) had been manufactured, which played a decisive role in the revival of BMW. This became apparent for the first time in 1925, when Shapiro became interested in the possibility of producing cars of his own design and began to negotiate with the famous designer and designer Wunibald Kamm. As a result, an agreement was reached, and another talented person was involved in the development of the now famous automobile brand. Kamm has been developing new components and assemblies for BMW for several years.

1929: First BMW car: BMW 3/15 PS.

Meanwhile, positively for BMW, the issue of approving the brand name was resolved. In 1928, the company acquires the car factories in Eisenach (Thuringia), and with them the license for the production of the small car Dixi. On November 16, 1928, Dixie ceased to exist as a trademark - it was replaced by BMW. Dixi is the first BMW car. In a period of economic difficulties, the small car becomes the most popular car in Europe.

On April 1, 1932, the premiere of the first "real" "BMW" was scheduled, which later earned the recognition of the automotive press and became the starting point for the release of a car of its own design. The same car with a well-thought-out body received from the outside was a combination of new ideas and developments with the already well-known and used on Dixie models. The engine power was 20 hp, which was quite enough to drive at a speed of 80 km / h. A very successful development was the four-speed transmission, which was not offered on any other model until 1934.

By the beginning of World War II, BMW was one of the most dynamically developing companies in the world, producing equipment with a sports orientation. She has several world records to her credit: Wolfgang von Gronau crosses the North Atlantic from east to west on an open seaplane Dornier Wal powered by BMW, Ernst Henne on an R12 motorcycle equipped with a cardan drive, hydraulic shock absorbers and a telescopic fork (invention of BMW), sets the world the speed record for motorcycles - 279.5 km / h, unbeaten by anyone for the next 14 years.

Production receives an additional impetus after the conclusion of a secret agreement with Soviet Russia to supply it with the latest aircraft engines. Most of the Soviet record flights of the 1930s were carried out on airplanes equipped with BMW engines.

1933: The beginning of the six-cylinder tradition BMW engines: BMW 303.

In 1933, the production of the "303" model was launched - the first BMW car with a 6-cylinder engine, which made its debut at the Berlin Motor Show. Its appearance became a real sensation. This in-line "six" with a working volume of 1.2 liters allowed the car to travel at a speed of 90 km / h and became the basis for many subsequent BMW sports projects. Moreover, it was applied on the new model “303”, which became the first in the history of the company, which was equipped with a radiator grill with a corporate design, expressed in the presence of two elongated ovals. The "303" model was designed at the Eisenach plant and was distinguished primarily by a tubular frame, independent front suspension and good characteristics controllability reminiscent of sports.

"BMW-303" was perfect for the "Autobahns" which were actively under construction at that time in Germany. Immediately after the performance, a run was made on it throughout the entire country, and in this action the car proved itself only from the good side. People were willing to pay the manufacturer's price for this car. And wealthy BMW fans chose the "303" model with a sports two-seater roadster body.

For two years of production of "BMW-303" the company managed to sell 2300 of these cars, which, by the way, were later followed by their "brothers", distinguished by more powerful motors and other digital designations: "309" and "315". Actually, they became the first models for the logical development of the BMW model designation system. Using these machines as an example, we note that the number "3" denoted the series, and 0.9 and 1.5 - the displacement of the engines. The notation system that appeared then successfully exists to this day, with the only difference that it was replenished with such numbers as "520", "524", "635", "740", "850", etc.

"BMW-315" was far from the last in a series of outwardly similar cars, since the most striking and remarkable among them were "BMW-319" and "BMW-329", which belonged rather to sports cars... The top speed of the first, for example, was 130 km / h.

Along with all previous cars, the model "326", which appeared at the Berlin Motor Show in 1936, looked just gorgeous. This four-door car was far from the world of sports, and its rounded design already belonged to the direction that came into force in the 50s. Open top, good quality, a chic interior and a large number of new changes and additions put the "326" model on a par with Mercedes-Benz cars, the buyers of which were very wealthy people.

With a mass of 1125 kg, the BMW-326 model accelerated to a maximum of 115 km / h and at the same time consumed 12.5 liters of fuel per 100 km of run. With similar characteristics and with its appearance, the car was included in the list best models company and was produced until 1941, when the volume of production of BMW amounted to almost 16,000 units. With so many cars produced and sold, the BMW-326 became the best pre-war model.

Logically, after such a resounding success of the "326" model, the next logical step should have been the appearance of a sports model made on its basis.

1938: The BMW 328 dominates racing.

1940: Victory again in the Mille Miglia: BMW 328.

In 1936, BMW produced the famous 328, one of the most successful sports cars. With its appearance, the ideology of BMW was finally formed, which to this day defines the concept of new models: "A car for the driver". The main competitor, Mercedes-Benz, follows the principle: "The car is for passengers." Since then, each company has gone its own way, proving that it was her choice that was correct.

The winner of a myriad of competitions - circuit races, rallies, hill climb races - the BMW 328 was addressed to sports car connoisseurs and left all production sports cars far behind. Two-door, two-seater, truly sporty "BMW-328" was equipped with a six-cylinder engine and accelerated to 150 km / h. This model allowed the company to take part in many pre-war races and gain recognition in a new capacity. With the "328" model, BMW became so famous in the second half of the 30s that all subsequent cars with the two-color brand badge were perceived by the public as a symbol High Quality, reliability and beauty.

The outbreak of war leads to the suspension of the production of cars. Priority is again given to aircraft engines.

1943: The Arado 234 is one of the first aircraft to be powered by the BMW 003 jet engine.

In 1944, BMW launched the world's first jet engine, the BMW 109-003. Tests are also underway rocket engines... The end of World War II was a disaster for the concern. Four factories in the Eastern zone of occupation were destroyed and dismantled.

The headquarters plant in Munich was dismantled by the British. In connection with the production of aircraft engines and missiles during the war, the winners issue an order banning production for three years

World War II wreaked havoc on German car manufacturers, and BMW was no exception. The plant in Milbertshofen was bombed clean, and the plant in Eisenach was in the territory controlled by the USSR. Therefore, the equipment from there was partially exported to Russia as repatriations, and what remained was used for the production of the BMW-321 and BMW-340 models, which were also sent to the USSR.

The only more or less "fit for life" were two factories in the city of Munich, around which the BMW shareholders concentrated their main efforts. By the way, the support of the German National Bank came into play: thanks to it, the company brought back to life the concept of a sports car "BMW-328" in the period from 1948 to 1953. released on its basis several new sports models.

The company was not in the best position, but in 1951 it presented a prototype of the future BMW-501, which featured a large four-door sedan, drum brakes and a 65-horsepower engine with a displacement of 1971 cc. The novelty was received in two ways - with interest and with surprise. The second, most likely, was caused by the fact that the company could not even financially provide the mass production of the "501st" model, and therefore in 1952 only 49 cars were assembled. By 1954, production had reached 3410 copies, which were bought only by real and wealthy fans of the BMW brand.

But what is most surprising is the idea that at that time was ripening in the minds of BMW designers and designers. They decided to release a luxury model.

In the same post-war years, the BMW company pondered the issue of the lack of the necessary engines. This was especially evident after the presence of weak and non-thrust engines began to affect the sales of cars. As a result, the designers developed a long-term project for the production of a new eight-cylinder power unit. The first samples appeared in 1954 and had a volume of 2.6 liters and a power of 95 hp, increased to 100 hp. in the 60s.

Simultaneously with the installation of an eight-cylinder on the "BMW-501", the exterior of the car also changed a little: side chrome moldings appeared, which added elegance to the car. Equipped with a new engine, "501st" could accelerate to a maximum of 160 km / h. Naturally, the fuel consumption of a car with an eight-cylinder engine was significantly different from the pre-war indicators, but this worried the BMW management least of all.

Isetta: the link between motorcycles and cars. More than 200,000 of them were built.

1955 saw the launch of the R 50 and R 51 models, opening a new generation of fully sprung motorcycles. undercarriage, comes out the small car "Isetta", a strange symbiosis of a motorcycle with a car. A three-wheeled car with a door that opens forward in traffic was a huge success in impoverished post-war Germany. At the Frankfurt Motor Show in 1955, she became the absolute opposite of the models produced at that time. The tiny BMW Izetta looked like a bubble with small attached headlights and side mirrors. The rear wheel distance was much shorter than the front one. The model was equipped with a single-cylinder 0.3 liter engine. With a power of 13 hp "Izetta" accelerated to a maximum of 80 km / h.

Along with the baby Izetta, BMW has presented two luxury coupes "503" and "507", created on the basis of the 5-series sedan.

1956: Today it is a rare collectible car: the BMW 507.
Both cars at that time belonged to "quite sporty", although they had a "civil" appearance. For example, the top speed of the "507" ranged somewhere between 190 and 210 km / h. A similar result was achieved thanks to a 3.2-liter engine with a compression ratio of 7.8: 1, a maximum power of 150 hp. at 5000 rpm and 237 Nm at 4000 rpm. On all wheels stood drum brakes with a servo drive, and the average fuel consumption per 100 km was 17 liters.

But because of the ensuing enthusiasm for large limousines and the associated losses, the company is on the verge of collapse. This is the only case in the entire history of BMW when the economic situation was miscalculated and the cars thrown onto the market had no demand.

Models belonging to the 5-series did not improve BMW's position in the 50s. On the contrary, debts began to grow rapidly, sales decreased. To remedy this situation, the bank, which provided assistance to BMW and was one of the largest shareholders of Daimler-Benz, offered to establish production of small and not very large expensive car"Mercedes Benz". Thus, the existence of BMW was threatened as an independent company producing original cars with its own name and trademark. Small shareholders of BMW and dealerships throughout Germany actively opposed this proposal. Together a certain amount of money was collected, which was required to develop and begin production of a new model "BMW" of the middle class, which was supposed to significantly improve the position of the company in the 60s.

By restructuring its capital structure, BMW is able to continue its operations. For the third time, the firm starts all over again. The middle class car was supposed to be a family car for the "average" (and not only) Germans. A small four-door sedan body, a 1.5-liter engine and independent front and rear suspensions, which at that time were not present in all cars, were considered as the most suitable option.

It was almost impossible to launch the car into production by 1961 and then present it at the Frankfurt Motor Show: there was simply not enough time. Therefore, under pressure from the sales department, several prototypes were urgently prepared for the exhibition, designed to attract future customers. The stake was made and in many respects justified itself. During the exhibition and over the next few weeks ... about 20,000 orders for "BMW-1500" were made! Try to imagine the situation in which the company found itself, having produced only 2000 cars in 1962! In general, the production of the model "1500" for the entire period of its existence on the conveyor was 23,000 copies. This was the beginning of the rise to the pinnacle of the automotive industry.

In the midst of the production of the 1500 model, small engineering firms began to refine the car and increase the engine power, which, of course, could not please the BMW leadership in any way. The response was the release of the 1800 model with a 1.8-liter engine. Moreover, a little later, the 1800 TI version appeared, which corresponded to the cars of the Gran Turismo class and accelerated to 186 km / h. Outwardly, it did not differ much from the basic version, but, nevertheless, it became a worthy addition to the already replenished family.

The BMW 1800 TI, although it was released in the amount of only 200 copies, still became an extremely popular model. By 1966, on the basis of the car, the designers created a worthy follower - "BMW-2000", which today is perceived as the ancestor of the 3-series, which has been released to date in several generations. At the same time, a coupe with a 2-liter engine and 100-120 horses hidden under the hood was a matter of particular pride for BMW.

In fact, "BMW-2000" in basic and other versions belongs to one of the most successful models in the history of the BMW company. It takes a lot of time to count the number of body options that appeared then and power units different power and with different top speeds. Together, they formed a series that received the designation "02". Its representatives could satisfy the requests of almost all motorists, who were offered a choice from the simplest and most modest coupes to "sophisticated" high-speed convertibles with alloy wheels, boxes - "automatic machines" and motors of 170 "horses".

The world's first mass-produced car with a turbo engine: BMW 2002 turbo.

The last thirty years have been the thirty years of victories for BMW. New factories are opened, the world's first serial turbo model "2002-turbo" is produced, anti-lock braking brake system which all leading car manufacturers now equip their cars with. The first electronic engine control is developed. Almost all models of the 60s that brought the automaker so much popularity were equipped with four-cylinder engines. but BMW leadership still remembered about powerful and reliable units, the release of which was intended to be revived by 1968 simultaneously with the release of a new model - "BMW-2500". The single-row "six-cylinder" used in it, constantly undergoing modernization, was produced over the next 14 years and managed to become the basis for the same reliable and more powerful 2.8-liter engine. Along with the latter, the four-door sedan moved to a number of sports cars, tk. only a few production cars in standard equipment could exceed the speed mark of 200 km / h.

BMW headquarters near the Munich Olympic Center.

The headquarters building of the concern is under construction in Munich, and the first control and testing ground opens in Aschheim. A Research Center was built to design new models. In the 1970s, the first cars of the famous BMW series appeared - models of the 3-series, 5-series, 6-series, 7-series.

After the production of the 2500 model and its main successors, the next significant event for BMW was the appearance of the 6-series, the first representative of which in 1978 was the luxurious 635 Csi coupe. Its 3.5-liter engine became a new symbol of technical excellence and even began to be installed on the 5-series machines. "Five", equipped with such an engine (power 218 hp), received the designation "M", confirming the exclusivity and sportiness of the car. Moreover, this motor really showed itself on the 5th series of the second generation, on the so-called. transitional models that were released in 1983.

In the year of German reunification, the concern, having founded BMW Rolls-Royce GmbH, returns to its roots in the field of aircraft engine building, and in 1991 presents the new BR-700 aircraft engine. In the early 1990s, the third-generation 3-series sports compact cars and the 8-series coupes appeared on the market.

1989: The new BMW 850i coupe.
Not a bad step for the company was the purchase in 1994 for 2.3 billion German marks of the industrial group Rover Group ("Rover Group"), and with it the largest complex in the UK for the production of cars Rover brands, Land Rover and MG. With the purchase of this company, the list of BMW cars was replenished with missing ultra-small cars and SUVs. In 1998 the British company Rolls-Royce was acquired.

BMW factory
Among latest models motorcycles of the 90s, the tourist motorcycle R100RT Classic should be distinguished, equipped with luggage cases and heated handlebars. Another model from this family, R100GS PD, is also intended for tourists. These motorcycles have won four victories in the Paris-Dakar international rally. The F650, released in 1993, became a popular model. In addition, it proved to be quite competitive in comparison with its Japanese counterparts. In 1993 BMW began developing the new R1100RS "opposites". (this bike was the first to adjust the height of not only the handlebars and footpegs, but also the saddle), R1100GS (one of the most powerful motorcycles in the world). In 1994, the identical R850R and R1100RT models were released. The most popular of the 4-cylinder BMW motorcycles is the K1100RS, a touring motorcycle with a sporty fairing. But the most personable and well-equipped motorcycle is the K1100LT model, equipped with a huge electric fairing, adjustable windshield, large luggage cases and an anti-lock braking system.

Since 1995, the BMW plant in Spartanburg (USA) begins to produce the BMW Z3.

In general, the end of the nineties became incredibly productive for BMW. New "fives", "sevens", the indisputable success of the Z3, all this did not give an opportunity even for a short break.

All these cars and engines have one thing in common: they prove that production BMW engines are built so solidly, so designed for their power and are so balanced already in their basic concept that they can withstand any stress on any route in the world.

The beginning of 1999 saw the debut of the BMW X5, the world's first Sports Activity Vehicle: a vehicle that uniquely combines elegance and practicality, thus opening up new dimensions of mobility.

And one more first place: the BMW Z8, the great sports car, celebrated its premiere in 1999 and delighted James Bond fans in The World Is Not Enough.

In 1999, BMW also surprised automotive enthusiasts at the Frankfurt Motor Show with the futuristic Z9 gran turismo concept.

BMW, which started out as a small aircraft engine plant, currently manufactures its products at five factories in Germany and twenty-two subsidiaries scattered around the world. This is one of the few car firms that does not use robots in factories. All assembly on the conveyor is done only by hand. At the exit - only computer diagnostics the main parameters of the car.

Over the past 30 years, only BMW and Toyota have managed to operate with increasing profits every year. The BMW empire, three times in its history, found itself on the brink of collapse, each time rose and achieved success. For everyone in the world, the BMW concern is synonymous with high standards in the field of automotive comfort, safety, technology and quality.

sources

http://www.bmw-mania.ru

http://www.bmwgtn.ru

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BMW, Bayerisch Motoren Werke AG, German car company specializing in the production of passenger cars, sports cars, automobiles off-road and motorcycles. The headquarters is located in Munich.

In 1913, on the northern outskirts of Munich, Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto, son of the inventor of the internal combustion engine Nikolaus August Otto, set up two small aircraft engine firms. The outbreak of the First World War immediately brought numerous orders for aircraft engines. Rapp and Otto decide to merge into one aircraft engine plant. This is how an aircraft engine plant appeared in Munich, which in July 1917 was registered under the name Bayerische Motoren Werke ("Bavarian Motor Plants") - BMW. This date is considered to be the year of the founding of BMW, and Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto are its founders.

In 1923, the first R32 motorcycle comes out of the BMW factory. At the 1923 Motor Show in Paris, this first BMW motorcycle immediately gained a reputation for speed and reliability, which was confirmed by absolute speed records in international motorcycle races of the 20s and 30s.

At the same time, the "Motor-4" engine is being developed, the final assembly of which is carried out in other European countries. In 1919, Franz Diemer on an airplane with this engine, having risen to an altitude of 9760 meters, sets the first BMW world record. Production receives an additional impetus after the conclusion of a secret agreement with Soviet Russia to supply it with the latest aircraft engines. Most of the Soviet record flights of the 1930s were carried out on airplanes equipped with BMW engines.

In 1928, the company acquires car factories in Eisenach (Thuringia), and with them a license for the production of a small car Dixi (it was licensed English Austin 7). Its production begins in 1929. The Dixi is the first BMW car. In a period of economic difficulties, the small car becomes the most popular car in Europe. By the beginning of World War II, BMW was one of the most dynamically developing companies in the world, producing equipment with a sports orientation. She has several world records to her credit: Wolfgang von Gronau crosses the North Atlantic from east to west on an open seaplane Dornier Wal powered by BMW, Ernst Henne on an R12 motorcycle equipped with a cardan drive, hydraulic shock absorbers and a telescopic fork (invention of BMW), sets the world the speed record for motorcycles - 279.5 km / h, unbeaten by anyone for the next 14 years.

In 1933, the production of the "303" model began - the first BMW car with a 6-cylinder engine. It was this model that was the first to acquire the characteristic radiator grille. popularly called "nostrils" BMW. These nostrils have become a typical design element of all BMW vehicles.

In 1936, BMW produced the famous 328, one of the most successful sports cars. For that time, these were simply avant-garde technical innovations: a tubular frame, a six-cylinder engine with a light alloy head, new system valve mechanism with rods. With the 328 model, BMW became so famous in the second half of the 30s. that all subsequent cars with the two-color logo were perceived by the public as a symbol of high quality, reliability and beauty. With its appearance, the ideology of BMW was finally formed, which to this day defines the concept of new models: "A car for the driver". The main competitor, Mercedes-Benz, follows the principle: "The car is for passengers." Since then, each company has gone its own way, proving that it was her choice that was correct.

The winner of a myriad of competitions - circuit races, rallies, hill climb races - the BMW 328 was addressed to sports car connoisseurs and left all production sports cars far behind.

1938 BMW acquires Pratt-Whitney engine license. Then the model 132 was developed, which was installed on the famous Junkers J52. In the same year, the fastest pre-war motorcycle model was created, with a capacity of 60 hp. and a maximum speed of 210 km / h. In 1939, German racer Georg Mayer becomes the European champion on this motorcycle. And for the first time a foreigner on a foreign motorcycle wins the British "Senior Tourist Trophy" race.

The outbreak of war leads to the suspension of the production of cars. Priority is again given to aircraft engines.

In 1944, BMW launched the world's first jet engine, the BMW 109-003. Rocket engines are also being tested. The end of World War II was a disaster for the concern. Four factories in the Eastern zone of occupation were destroyed and dismantled. The headquarters plant in Munich was dismantled by the British. In connection with the production of aircraft engines and missiles during the war, the winners issue an order banning production for three years.

Both Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto, who have not changed their love for motors, decide to start all over again from scratch. A 1-cylinder motorcycle R24 is being developed, assembled in workshops almost handicraft. It becomes the first post-war BMW product. In 1951, the first post-war passenger car, model "501", appeared. However, it does not bring financial success.

1955 saw the launch of the R 50 and R 51 models, opening a new generation of motorcycles with fully sprung chassis, and the Isetta runabout, a strange symbiosis of motorcycle and car. A three-wheeled car with a door that opens forward in traffic was a huge success in impoverished post-war Germany. But because of the ensuing enthusiasm for large limousines and the associated losses, the company is on the verge of collapse. This is the only case in the entire history of BMW when the economic situation was miscalculated and the cars thrown onto the market had no demand. There is a question about the sale of the company. Mercedes-Benz hastened to announce its purchase, but this was prevented by small shareholders, employees of the company, its sales agents.

By restructuring its capital structure, BMW is able to continue its operations. For the third time, the firm starts all over again.

1956 - New York-based designer Albrecht Graf Hertz creates a sensational car - a sporty beauty. "BMW has beaten even the Italians." - so the newspapers wrote in 1956, when this car was presented. The BMW 507 was offered as both a roadster and a hardtop. Eight-cylinder aluminum engine with a volume of 3.2 liters and 150 hp. accelerated the car to 220 km per hour. A total of 252 such cars were sold from 1956 to 1959. Today it is one of the rarest and most expensive collectible cars.

1959 - With the new BMW 700 air-cooled model, the group managed to overcome the internal crisis and set the stage for the continued success of the brand as a whole. The success was achieved not only in the sales area. The coupe version enabled BMW to achieve sporting victories.

In 1962 the concept of the 1500 lightweight model. compact. sports. four-door car - has been accepted in the market with such enthusiasm. that the production capacity was not sufficient to meet the demand for these vehicles.

In 1966, the two-door 1600-2 was introduced for the first time. It served as the basis for the successful series of turbocharged models from 1502 to 2002. The successes of the "new class" contributed to the development of everything lineup... The BMW concern was able to afford to revive the tradition of the 30s and start producing six-cylinder models. 1968 saw the premiere of the 2500 and 2800 models, which allowed BMW to re-enter the ranks of the enterprise. producing large sedans. Thus. The 60s were the most successful in the entire previous history of the enterprise.

1969 BMW moves motorcycle production to Berlin. The production of a new series of "opposed" motorcycles begins. In 1976, a full-size fairing was installed for the first time on the R100 RS motorcycle. In 1983, one of the most popular motorcycle models, the K100, was produced with a 4-cylinder in-line engine with liquid cooling and fuel injection. In the year of the century of the motorcycle, in 1985, the Berlin plant produces more than 37 thousand motorcycles. In 1989, the presentation of the K 1 motorcycle takes place.

In the 1970s, the first cars of the famous BMW series appeared - models of the 3-series, 5-series, 6-series, 7-series. With the launch of the 5 Series, the production of a fundamentally new generation of BMW models began. If earlier the concern occupied mainly the niche of sports cars, now it has taken its place in the segment of comfortable sedans. Coupe 3.0 CSL. which has won six European championships since 1973. makes BMW particularly successful. This coupe hid many technical innovations... It was the first to use a six-cylinder BMW engine with four valves per cylinder. and its braking system was equipped with ABS - a complete novelty for those times.

In 1977, a new breakthrough in the luxury class. With the introduction of the 7 Series, the fundamental renewal of all BMW series has ended.

Since 1986, the BMW M3 has been the most successful road racing car in the world. Compact two-door model in parallel, it was developed for both series production and motorsport. The result was simply triumphant for BMW. In 1987, the Italian Roberto Raviglia wins first place in the world championship in road racing. And for the next five years, the BMW M3 dominated the sports scene.

In 1987, the new roadster, which was originally conceived simply as an experimental model, continued the tradition of BMW roadsters from the 30s and 50s. The BMW Z1 was built in 8,000 units and is the bearer of state-of-the-art technology. The aerodynamics of this car were also exemplary. In 1987, BMW was one of the first in the world to use electronic system adjusting engine power.

In 1990 a new coupe dream: the BMW 850i. The heart of this sleek luxury coupe was a twelve-cylinder engine that could literally shoot the car forward at any speed. The completely new integral rear axle combined sporting qualities with the highest level of comfort in a completely unique way.

A not bad step for the company was the purchase in 1994 for 2.3 billion German marks of the industrial group Rover Group ("Rover Group"), and with it the largest complex in the UK for the production of cars of the brands Rover, Land Rover and MG. With the purchase of this company, the list of BMW cars was replenished with missing ultra-small cars and SUVs.

Since 1995, all BMW vehicles have been fitted with an airbag for the front passenger and an anti-theft engine lock system as standard equipment. In March of the same year, the touring of the 3 series was launched. The new car was distinguished not only by its modern design, but also by the most advanced technology. For example, for the first time in the automotive industry, the undercarriage was made almost entirely of aluminum.

Also 1995 - the debut of the new 5-Series BMW. The main principle in its development is the creation of a harmonious concept. The new car was distinguished not only by its modern design, but also by the most advanced technology: for the first time in the automotive industry, the chassis was almost entirely made of aluminum. The use of new materials made it possible to increase the vehicle utilization rate up to 85 percent. The extremely rigid body provides an unrivaled level of passive safety.

In 1996 BMW model The 7-series Z3 is equipped for the first time with diesel engine... The unique fusion of dynamism and classic design is a delightful concept. Additional advertising for the car is created by the film "Golden Eye", in which the super agent 007 James Bond drives around on the Z3. BMW Z3 has become a bestseller. The new plant in Spartanburg does not have time to fulfill all orders.

In 1997, the motorcycle that can not leave you indifferent - the Model R 1200 C, represents a completely new interpretation of the road bike. Sensational design that combines traditional and futuristic elements. He got the largest ever created boxer engines BMW. Its working volume is 1170 cm3. and the developed power is 61 hp. In the same year, BMW presents another dream car. This is the M Roadster, which, like no other, is the true embodiment of a thoroughbred open sports car.

In 1997, BMW unveiled the dream car that made the hearts of connoisseurs jump. The M Roadster embodied the ideal of a purebred sports car like no other BMW before. Its 321-horsepower M3 engine guarantees a thrilling ride.

In the spring of 1998, the fifth generation of the successful 3 Series sedans debuted. Redesigned in many details, the new 3 Series offers not only exceptional looks, but also the most modern engines, Newest technologies suspension and best-in-class safety standards.

The beginning of 1999 saw the debut of the BMW X5, the world's first Sports Activity Vehicle: a vehicle that uniquely combines elegance and practicality, thus opening up new dimensions of mobility.

And one more first place: the BMW Z8, the great sports car, celebrated its premiere in 1999 and delighted James Bond fans in The World Is Not Enough.

In 1999, BMW also surprised automotive enthusiasts at the Frankfurt Motor Show with the futuristic Z9 gran turismo concept.

BMW, which started out as a small aircraft engine plant, currently manufactures its products at five factories in Germany and twenty-two subsidiaries scattered around the world. It is one of the few automotive firms that does not use robots in factories. All assembly on the conveyor is done only by hand. The output is only computer diagnostics of the main parameters of the car.

German cars are known for their functionality and practicality all over the world. Especially stands out BMW brand, which produces not only high-tech, but also truly luxurious cars. She has a rather interesting and difficult history, which stretches over a span of more than a hundred years. It will be useful for every admirer of the brand to get to know it. The journey from aircraft engine manufacturing to high-tech supercars is fascinating.

Company emergence

BMW is located in Munich. This is the headquarters for research and development. The beginning of history also began in this city. In 1913 Karl Rapp and Gustav Otto opened two small firms with workshops on the northern outskirts of Munich. They specialized in the production of aircraft engines. A small business is not well suited to compete in the market, so the firms were soon merged. The name for the new production was Bayerische Flugzeug-Werke, which means "Bavarian Aircraft Plants". The founder of BMW - Gustav Otto - was the son of the inventor of the internal combustion engine, and Rapp knew a lot about the business, so the enterprise promised to be successful.

Change of concept

In September 1917, the legendary blue and white round emblem was invented, still used today by BMW. The history of creation refers to the aircraft past: the drawing symbolizes the aircraft propeller, depicted against the background of the blue sky. In addition, white and blue are the traditional colors of Bavaria. As mentioned earlier, the concern was originally created for the production of aircraft engines; even the modern name BMW did not exist. The history of the brand took a different path after the First World War. In Germany, it could not be engaged in the production of aircraft, and the founders had to repurpose production. Then the brand got a new name. Instead of aviation, the word Motorische appeared in the center, marking the beginning of the production of equipment of a different type. The fans know the company under this name to this day.

Brand Motorcycles

First, the plant began producing brakes for trains. After that, BMW motorcycles appeared: the first rolled off the assembly line in 1923. The company's aircraft were previously extremely successful: one of the models even broke the altitude record, so it is natural that the new brainchild conquered the public. The 1923 motorcycle dealership in Paris became his finest hour: BMW motorcycles have proven to be reliable and fast, ideal for racing. In 1928, the founders acquired the first car factories in Thuringia and decided to start a new production - the production of cars. But the production of motorcycles did not stop, on the contrary, new models remain in demand today, just automotive industry is much larger and therefore more important for the development of the concern. Nevertheless, fans of the brand, who prefer extreme riding on a two-wheeled horse, follow the motorcycles, and such a means of transportation on the roads is not at all uncommon.

Subcompact Dixi

BMWs were already produced in 1929. The new model was small-displacement - similar ones were produced in England under the name Austin 7. In the thirties, such cars were in incredible demand among the population of Europe. Economic problems have made the subcompact the smartest and most affordable choice. The first unique model from BMW, completely developed in Germany, was presented to the public in April 1932. The 3/15 PS car was distinguished by a twenty horsepower engine and developed a speed of up to eighty kilometers per hour. The model became successful, and it was already finally clear that the BMW badge symbolizes impeccable quality. The situation will remain unchanged throughout the history of the existence of the Bavarian brand.

The appearance of characteristic details

In 1933, cars were already known, but they had not yet become easily recognizable. The 303 helped to change the situation. This car with a powerful six-cylinder engine was complemented by a characteristic radiator grill, which will become a typical design element of the brand in the future. In 1936, the world recognized the Model 328. The first BMW were ordinary cars, and this car was a breakthrough in the field of sports cars. Its appearance helped to formulate the concept of the brand, which is still relevant today: "The car is for the driver." For comparison, the main German competitor - Mercedes-Benz - follows the idea of "Car - for passengers". This moment became key for BMW. The history of the brand began to develop at an accelerated pace, demonstrating success after success.

World War II period

Model 328 won the race different types: rallies, roundabouts, hill climbing competitions. BMW ultralight cars were the triumphs of the Italian competition and left behind all other brands that existed at that time. All this led to the fact that by the time the Second World War began, BMW was the most famous and developed company in the world with a focus on sports models. The engines of the Bavarian plant set records. BMW motorcycles and cars developed unprecedented speed. But the post-war period created critical conditions for the concern. Many bans on production have undermined his economic position. Karl Rapp decidedly started everything from scratch and took up the creation of bicycles and light motorcycles, which were assembled practically in artisanal conditions. The result of the search for new solutions and mechanisms was the first post-war model 501. It did not bring success, but the next version, numbered 502, turned out to be much more technologically advanced thanks to an aluminum alloy engine. Such a car was in incredible demand: it was maneuverable, roomy enough for its time and was offered at an affordable average German buyer price.

A new ascent to the top

In 1955, the production of small cars under the name "Isetta" was launched. It was one of the most daring creations of the concern - a mixture of a motorcycle and a car on three wheels, with a door that opens forward. In a country poor after the war, an affordable car made a splash. But rapid economic growth created a demand for large machines, and the firm was once again under threat. Mercedes-Benz started making plans to buy the concern, but this did not happen. Already in 1956, the sports model 507, created by designer Hertz, rolled off the assembly line. The market was offered several configuration options: with a hardtop and in a roadster format. The eight-cylinder engine with a capacity of one hundred and fifty horsepower allowed the car to accelerate to two hundred and twenty kilometers per hour. The successful model brought the company back to success and is still considered one of the best and most expensive collectible cars. The activities of the BMW company, whose history already included several difficulties, continued successfully again.

New car models and classes

The BMW badge was associated with both success and defeat. The beginning of the sixties was not cloudless for the concern. An acute crisis after failures in the large car sector gave way to stability after the introduction of the 700 model, which first used air system cooling. This car became another major success and helped the concern finally overcome the difficult period. In the coupe version, such BMW cars helped the brand regain records: sports victories were just around the corner. In 1962, the concern released a model of a new class, combining sporty and compact versions. This was a step towards the top of the global automotive industry. The 1500 concept was adopted with such demand that production facilities simply did not allow new machines to be brought to market on time. The success of the new class led to the development of the model range: in 1966 the two-door 1600 was introduced. This was followed by the successful turbocharged series. Economic stability allowed the concern to restore the first versions of BMW. The history of the models began with six-cylinder engines, and in 1968 their production began again. The 2500 and 2800 were presented to the public, which became the first sedans in the brand's lineup. All this made the sixties the most successful period in the entire previous history of existence. German concern, but numerous well-deserved triumphs and further growth remained ahead.

Development in the 70s and 80s

In the year of its holding, namely in 1972, the concern developed new BMW cars - already the fifth series. The concept was revolutionary: in the past, the brand was best at sports cars, but the new approach has made it possible to achieve success in the sedan segment. The 520 and 520i models were unveiled at the Frankfurt Motor Show. New car featured sleek, elongated lines, large windows and a low rise. The recognizable body design was developed by the Frenchman Paul Braque. The deformation process was calculated using computer technology at the BMW concern. The history of the models in this series continued with the release of the 525 - the first model of a comfortable sedan with a six-cylinder engine, obedient and powerful, with 145 horsepower.

A new chapter began in 1975. The first BMWs in the segment compact sedans in a sporty style were presented in the line with number three. Stylish design with a distinctive heatsink does not compromise compact view, while the car looks extremely serious. Four-cylinder engines are located under the hood of the novelty. latest models, and a year later leading experts named this car the best in the world. In 1976, a large coupe was presented in Geneva, and Braque was again brought in to work on it. The predatory outlines of the hood gave the new product the nickname "shark".

By the early eighties, the equipment of the machines of the Bavarian concern included a new traction control and automatic transmissions, as well as electrically adjustable seats. The seventh series with a six-cylinder injection engine appeared. More than seventy-five thousand models have been sold in two years. Updated the third and fifth series, releasing the most popular options in new configuration... Powerful power, excellent aerodynamics, functional roominess and a choice of engine and body styles have been excellent ways to improve upon successful models.

In 1985, a convertible was released. A technological innovation is the suspension, which allows comfortable travel over long distances. By the end of the eighties, the BMW concern, whose history was already known to the whole world, began production of four new models with gasoline engines and electronic injection and one on diesel. The new leader - a gifted designer and simply talented manager Klaus Lute - was able to achieve the preservation of a characteristic look with recognizable details like those present in models for several decades, with constant modernization and implementation of the most relevant technological solutions in several series at once, existing in the production line of the Bavarian company.

Production progress in the 90s

In 1990, another new car from BMW was presented. The history of the third series included ups and downs, but the novelty was definitely related to the first. The roomy car captivated buyers with its elegance and manufacturability. In 1992, several coupes with improved six-cylinder engines were presented to the public. A few months later, a new convertible and a sports M3 model appeared. In the middle of the decade, each car that appeared in the lineup of the concern was supplemented with unique details. Reviews about BMW cars noted the ideal equipment corresponding to the class: climate and cruise control were presented in the models, they were equipped with on-board computers and electric control of glass and mirrors, power steering and much more.

In 1995, significant changes were made to the model of the fifth series. appearance: dual headlights appeared under a transparent cover, and the interior became even more comfortable and spacious. The 5 Touring was launched in 1997 and featured a multifunction steering wheel, active seating, navigation and dynamic stability control. The following year, the range was expanded with diesel variants with engines in six and eight cylinders, in addition, they could be ordered in lengthened bodies. In addition, the Z3 appeared on the screen in one of the Bond films, and the concern again faced demand exceeding production capacity.

BMW's first SUV

The history of the creation of many models goes far into the past decades. Only SUVs appeared in the lines of the concern relatively recently - at the turn of the millennium. The debut of a sports car for outdoor activities, the first in the history of the automotive industry, took place in 1999. In the same period, the company returned to Formula 1 racing and announced itself with several coupe and station wagon variants, as well as presented a car for the new part of the Bond. The last year of the twentieth century has become a truly record-breaking year. The Russian market alone noted an eighty-three percent increase in demand.

The new millennium began for the brand with the premiere of the modernized model of the seventh series. BMW 7 opened a new horizon for the famous Bavarian concern and allowed it to claim first place in the luxury segment. Once the sphere of executive limousines, by its development, undermined the position of the company and led it to the worst situation in history: the company was on the verge of sale. Now BMW cars have conquered it too, remaining flawless champions in all other areas and continuing endless work on improvement and modernization, as well as the development of new technologies that are not available to other brands around the world.

The principle "Car - for the driver" remains the main focus of the designers and engineers of the concern, which ensures popularity among buyers: the unique comfort of movement justifies the price of each of the available models and conquers more and more car enthusiasts. The regular appearance of brand new products on the movie screen allows to attract the attention of even those who still have not appreciated the amazing beauty and manufacturability of the world-famous German cars.

Beha when will it be? Yes, right now, do not worry. Greetings to all fans of turbojet thrust and turboshaft BMW. I have everything ready, I even made a bifurcated exhaust, and in today's video we will see what a turbo starter from a MIG-23 aircraft is capable of, installed instead of a standard internal combustion engine in this luxurious car, the internal combustion engine will be thrown out, but now the turboshaft engine is presented to me by subscribers. For which many thanks to all. I brought it to working order. I hooked all the pumps, oil, fuel, made an exhaust. I hung it on a standard gearbox through an adapter plate and a transition mechanism. And now we are ready to start. A special vacuum pump is installed, which maintains the vacuum in the vacuum amplifier. Accordingly, now the brakes in this car will be and will be completely normal. So this is our fuel pump, this is our starter. Well, we will all try. Something is set on fire with difficulty. Stop! In short, so far something like that. Something went wrong, (Second attempt) It seems to have started Filling up with kerosene I think 50 liters will be enough to drive it Well, we have refueled What are we doing? Let's start! Not a fig to yourself a beast! You can hear by the sound that the monster is already close! tin! The oil has burnt out everything, no longer smokes. And then you could track him. What how? Fine? No skidding? Yes? One more time. Can we all, let's go upstairs? Upstairs? We're in a car and you ... Huh? We are in our car, huh? No, everything here. Aa, everything here? Yes. Yes, let's go! Is it driving normally? Fine! Come on here. We must try to grind. Well, let me go out, huh? Yes, yes Can you do it again? One wheel only grinded What is smoking? This rubber is smoking. Yes? Yes. Come on again. Let it ventilate here (second gear) Normal car, driving (dynamics in garages) We are in third, the knee is shaking Now you are to the end, right? That's it, we cut it down. Thank you for the ride. In short, the guys everything worked in the normal mode, we drove, I don't know how many minutes ten, maybe even more. We polished with rubber, started up to 50 or up to 60, even overclocked once. Well, you have to go to a longer track and try there. The dynamics are not bad, well, there is nowhere to catch on, here is a dirt road. Therefore, we have to start in a different place. Well, here we are. It remains to charge this little girl with fuel and oil And you can start She eats, of course, the whole thing in space, just some kind of scale Well, what do the guys do, after all, the gas turbine engine is also a turboshaft, it's a turbo starter, it's actually oil Well, here you already know what And here is kerosene! Since the last pokatushek in garages, its quantity has considerably decreased. Therefore, we fill it up to a full tank like this. A little bit here Oh! Now everything is all right, guys (kerosene) What, you also want to try? Of course, the operator has to charge too. Yes, wait, wait, that's enough! give it back here. Look (do not repeat :)) All the guys jokes are over now we will start. Find out the maximum speed Start key Marked So. Well, we give in to the guys. I'm afraid that I will have to switch to the fifth. And the fifth is knocked out by 87 km / h, the maximum speed in 4th gear did not switch to the fifth Something burst! It’s necessary to watch. In short, it’s not gaining a hundred square meters, guys, I don’t know what to do, the fifth one doesn’t stick, so we’ll try to drift to give a corner, so to speak. You just need to refuel. Oh, you are in figs with your tires, damn it, it's tin, but I almost died there. Well, almost already, right? Almost. Let's continue. Come on. It's all rubber, guys. By the way, the asphalt does not deteriorate! See the asphalt is normal, the same as the sun was shining. I barely survived there, to be honest, I was already leaning out and out of the window, trying to breathe, well, there was nothing to breathe at all. Listen, you won't wash off her later. Or is she clean? Or is she clean? Yes, it is clean, it does not even smear. It is necessary to finish this matter. Let's start again! Hopefully there will be less smoke, though ... who am I kidding? Ha ha ha! There is! Well what happened what, didn't it? Of course! Guys, I hope you enjoyed this show. At least once in my life it was necessary to do this. I haven’t done it for sure. I also thought to the Khan’s disk. So it rattled all over. But the disc survived Well, in general, on this, as you can see for sure, we don't have any spare wheels. (in the vastness of the channel)