Installation of additional headlights. SDA and additional headlights

Fog lights - must emit white or yellow light, giving a flat and wide horizontal beam that spreads directly above the road so as not to illuminate the thickness of the fog in height. Can be located in head optics.

PTFs are installed on cars to improve the illumination of the roadway in difficult weather conditions (fog, rain, drizzle or snow). PTF can be either freestanding or built into the head optics of the car. Wide beam of light fog lights well illuminates the side of the road, making it easier to maneuver on winding roads.

To ensure good visibility in fog, anti-fog headlight must be correctly installed, have a clear upper boundary of the beam and stand as low as possible to the road: there is always a gap between the layer of fog and the road, into which light must fall.

The first secret. The fog, although spreading along the ground, still does not reach her. And at the level where the fog lights are installed, it is practically nonexistent. It turns out that the fog lights shine under the fog.

The second secret. The fog lamp beam has a clear border along the upper edge. And it does not fall on the drops of fog that are in front of the eyes of the person behind the wheel. This means that it does not reflect and does not blind the driver.

It remains to answer the last question: why is yellow light scattered less in fog? The fact is that the light with the shortest wavelength, that is, the blue part of the spectrum, is scattered most of all. The fog lamp filter just cuts off the blue part of the spectrum, leaving a longer wavelength component. White light, from which blue was excluded, is just perceived by the eye as yellow.

When driving in heavy rain, snowfall, dust or smoke, there is no free layer, like under fog, and a clear upper limit of the light and filtering of the high-frequency component of the spectrum becomes crucial.

Installation requirements

Rules road traffic (SDA) on the basis of GOST 8769-75, it is allowed to install fog lights only in an amount of two, no further than 400 mm from the plane of the side dimension (along the outer edge of the lens) and not less than 250 mm from the surface level road surface (along the lower edge of the diffuser).

UN Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) Regulation No. 48 "Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the installation of lighting and light-signaling devices" additionally prescribes their installation not higher than the dipped-beam headlamps (except four-wheel drive vehicles). The angles of visibility of the fog lights (within which the headlights are not obscured by any elements of the car) should be: vertical + 15 ... −10 °, horizontal - + 45 ... −10 °. Fog lights should only be switched on together with side light car.

Requirements for fog lights

Headlamps must be certified according to UNECE Regulation No. 19 “Uniform provisions concerning the approval of fog lamps for vehicles". The headlamps that have passed the certification bear the international approval mark - indelible inscription on the diffuser or protective glass headlights. The sign contains: information about the country that issued the approval, its number, headlamp category, etc. For example, if the headlamp is certified in Russia, it will have an E22 sign in a circle.

Fog lights - should emit white or yellow light, giving a flat and wide horizontal beam, which spreads directly over the road so as not to illuminate the thickness of the fog in height. Can be located in head optics.

PTFs are installed on cars to improve the illumination of the roadway in difficult weather conditions (fog, rain, drizzle or snow). PTF can be either freestanding or built into the head optics of the car. Wide beam of light fog lights well illuminates the side of the road, making it easier to maneuver on winding roads.

To ensure good visibility in fog, anti-fog headlight must be correctly installed, have a clear upper boundary of the beam and stand as low as possible to the road: there is always a gap between the layer of fog and the road, into which light must fall.

The first secret. The fog, although spreading along the ground, still does not reach her. And at the level where the fog lights are installed, it is practically nonexistent. It turns out that the fog lights shine under the fog.

The second secret. The fog lamp beam has a clear border along the upper edge. And it does not fall on the drops of fog that are in front of the eyes of the person behind the wheel. This means that it does not reflect and does not blind the driver.

It remains to answer the last question: why is yellow light scattered less in fog? The fact is that the light with the shortest wavelength, that is, the blue part of the spectrum, is scattered most of all. The fog lamp filter just cuts off the blue part of the spectrum, leaving a longer wavelength component. White light, from which blue was excluded, is just perceived by the eye as yellow.

When driving in heavy rain, snowfall, dust or smoke, there is no free layer, like under fog, and a clear upper limit of the light and filtering of the high-frequency component of the spectrum becomes crucial.

Installation requirements

Traffic rules (SDA) on the basis of GOST 8769-75 are allowed to install fog lights only in the amount of two pieces no further than 400 mm from the side dimension plane (along the outer edge of the lens) and not less than 250 mm from the level of the road surface (along the lower edge of the lens ).

The UN Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) Regulation No. 48 "Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles for the installation of lighting and light signaling devices" additionally requires their installation not higher than the dipped beam headlamps (except for four-wheel drive vehicles). The angles of visibility of the fog lights (within which the headlights are not obscured by any elements of the car) should be: vertical + 15 ... −10 °, horizontal - + 45 ... −10 °. Fog lights should only be switched on together with the side light of the car.

Requirements for fog lights

The headlamps must have a certificate of conformity in accordance with UNECE Regulation No. 19 "Uniform provisions concerning the approval of fog lamps for motor vehicles". The headlamps that have passed the certification bear the mark of international approval - an indelible inscription on the diffuser or protective glass of the headlight. The sign contains: information about the country that issued the approval, its number, headlamp category, etc. For example, if the headlamp is certified in Russia, it will have an E22 sign in a circle.

Fitting fog lights to your vehicle can greatly increase your visibility while driving in bad weather. Most of these headlamp kits are sold with detailed instructions for installation and are designed for motorists who have absolutely no experience in connecting headlights, or have little experience. The installation of fog lights is different for different brands cars. The following guidelines are general for this procedure and will help you cope with the task.

Steps

Choose the right fog lights

Check local laws. In some countries and regions there are restrictions on the type and color of lamps that can be used. Make sure that the lamps you bought comply with GOST. Not all fog lights are approved for use in vehicles by the Ministry of Transport.

Select the type of lamp used. There are three main types of bulbs used in fog lights. Choose the one that suits you best.

• LED bulbs have great brightness and long lifespan. They also use less energy and are less prone to vibration. The disadvantage is that they are much more expensive than halogen lamps.
• HID lamps use xenon gas to provide very bright light. The prevalence of this type of lamp is due to the fact that the light emitted by them is closest in the spectrum to daylight.
• Halogen lamps have been around for a long time; they are also the most widespread and the cheapest of the three types. These lamps use a single filament and halogen gas. These lamps usually get very hot and burn out quite often.

1. Select the type of headlight installation. There are many of these types, but they can all be broken down into three main categories. Choose the one that suits you best.

   • Installation on the bumper. The headlights are installed on the bumper in specially designated places. These headlights are usually round or rectangular. Most of the factory installed fog lamps are of this type. If you are replacing factory headlights, then this type is right for you.
   • Installation on the radiator grille. These headlights are larger and generally round. They are installed either directly on the grille or behind it. This type is most commonly found on trucks and SUVs.
   • Installation on top rack rack. These headlights are also round or rectangular. They are installed on top of the vehicle or on protective grill brushes. This type is also more applicable to trucks and off-road vehicles.

Install the fog lights

1. Park your vehicle and turn off the engine. Try to park it on as level surface as possible. Engage the handbrake.

   Open the hood. Bumper-mounted fog lights are usually found under the main headlights. If you are at a loss to determine their location, read the vehicle manual.

   Disconnect the fog lamp switch contact from their housing. This will de-energize the fog lights. As a rule, such a contact is secured with a clip.

   Remove the washer, screw and nut to remove the fog lamp housing. Put all the details in safe placeso that they are not lost during the installation of the headlights.

Well, here's what the traffic rules say:

Approved
By the Resolution of the Council of Ministers -
Government of the Russian Federation
dated October 23, 1993 N 1090

MAIN PROVISIONS
ON ADMISSION OF VEHICLES FOR OPERATION
AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SUPPORT OFFICERS
ROAD SAFETY
11. It is prohibited to use:
cars, buses, road trains, trailers, motorcycles, mopeds, tractors and others self-propelled machinesif their technical condition and equipment do not meet the requirements of the List of faults and conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited (according to the appendix)

application
to the Basic Provisions for Admission
vehicles for operation
and responsibilities officials
for security
road traffic

SCROLL
MALFUNCTIONS AND CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH PROHIBITED
OPERATION OF VEHICLES
3. External lighting devices

3.1. Amount, type, color, location and mode of operation of external lighting devices do not correspond to design requirements vehicle.
Note. On vehicles out of production, it is allowed to install external lighting devices from vehicles of other brands and models.

Here is what the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation says:

Article 12.5. Driving in the presence of malfunctions or conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited

1. Driving a vehicle in the presence of malfunctions or conditions under which, in accordance with the Basic Provisions on the Admission of Vehicles to Operation and the obligations of road safety officials, the operation of a vehicle is prohibited, with the exception of malfunctions and conditions specified in parts 2 to 6 of this article -
(as amended by Federal Law of 22.07.2005 N 120-FZ)
entails warning or imposition administrative fine in the amount of one hundred rubles.

2. Driving a vehicle with known faulty braking system (with the exception of parking brake), steering or hitch (as part of a train) -
shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of three hundred to five hundred rubles.
(as amended by Federal Law of 22.06.2007 N 116-FZ)
3. Driving a vehicle, on the front of which there are installed lighting devices with red lights or red reflective devices, as well as lighting devices, the color of the lights and the mode of operation of which do not meet the requirements of the Basic Provisions on the admission of vehicles to operation and the duties of officials for ensuring road safety, -
(as amended by Federal Law of 24.07.2007 N 210-FZ)
shall entail deprivation of the right to drive vehicles for a period from six months to one year with the confiscation of the said devices and devices.
(part three was introduced by the Federal Law of 22.07.2005 N 120-FZ)
4. Driving a vehicle on which devices for the supply of special light or sound signals (with the exception of burglar alarm), -
shall entail deprivation of the right to drive vehicles for a period of one to one and a half years with the confiscation of the said devices.
(part four was introduced by the Federal Law of 22.07.2005 N 120-FZ)
5. The use of devices for the delivery of special light or sound signals (with the exception of burglar alarms), installed without the appropriate permission, while driving a vehicle -
shall entail deprivation of the right to drive vehicles for a period of one and a half to two years with the confiscation of these devices.
(part five was introduced by the Federal Law of 22.07.2005 N 120-FZ)
6. Driving a vehicle, on the outer surfaces of which special color schemes of cars of operational services are illegally applied, -
shall entail deprivation of the right to drive vehicles for a period of one to one and a half years.
(part six was introduced by the Federal Law of 22.07.2005 N 120-FZ)

So, if the IDPS wants to - drive 100 rubles. And there is already a whole scope for proving to him or to the court about whether the chandelier corresponds to the design of the vehicle or not ...
But they can try to pull on part 3 - then it's an ambush ...

High-quality road lighting at night or in poor visibility conditions ensures safe traffic. Headlights on the roadway can both help road users and harm.

Optics should provide good visibility and at the same time not interfere with the oncoming driver. External electrical lighting devices perform the function of additional road lighting at the expense of the vehicle itself. They provide irreplaceable assistance in long journeys, reduce eye strain. Equipping vehicles with additional headlights, in conditions of insufficient visibility, reduces the risk of emergency by 50%. To achieve the required performance, the light elements must first be checked and adjusted. Only after that they can be installed on the car, the installation procedure must also be carried out in strict accordance with the regulatory documents.

Types of additional lighting headlights

According to the type of purpose, the optics is divided into devices of near and high beam... In addition, there are fog lights. Installation of additional headlights is carried out in two ways. Depending on the method of installation, the lighting elements are mounted and mortise. The design of the former includes special mounting segments, the latter are mounted in the bumper. For SUVs and others large vehicles, more practical and convenient are headlights with a hinged mounting method.

Flush optics are used only for passenger cars, except for the models with the provided standard connectors from the manufacturer.

Fog lights are installed in the bumper. Their distinctive light wave frequency provides effective illumination in fog, rain and snow conditions. Mounting can be carried out under the headlights or at their level. Installing higher than the main optics, on the contrary, worsens visibility, since the fog is more dense at eye level than at the surface of the earth. Fog lights provide a wide beam of light, which gives good illumination of the roadside and facilitates maneuverability when cornering. In addition to enhancing safety, these elements improve the aesthetic appearance of the vehicle. Therefore, when choosing them, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the parameters, but also to the design.

Additional fog lights that meet the requirements of GOST provide a wide light spot and have a clear outlined edge. Such design feature allows oncoming drivers to see the vehicle more clearly, while eliminating the possibility of dazzling other road users. Therefore, driving with the fog lights on is permitted in all situations with reduced visibility. These lighting devices can be used with both front headlights and side lights.

The installation of fog lamps is accompanied by the restrictions indicated in the rules. On cars installation of fog lights is allowed in an amount of no more than two pieces, with yellow diffusers or white... Additional headlamps must be located symmetrically from the longitudinal axis. The distance from the plane of the side gauge should not exceed 40 cm (along the outer stern of the headlamp). In relation to the level of the road surface, the lighting elements can be installed at least 25 cm (along the lower edge of the headlight).

For passenger cars, according to the requirements, the location of additional headlights should not be higher than the dipped beam optics. Additional light dimensions should not obstruct the standard headlights.

Correct installation is the key to effective and long work devices. Remember that no matter which modern and reliable headlight model you choose, due to poor installation, the likelihood of an emergency may increase. The place for installing optics must be thought out before purchasing lighting elements. This approach will allow early identification of the most suitable places installation that will satisfy traffic rules.

Installation diagram of additional PTF

Most models modern cars there are special places for the installation of foglights. In such cases, it is enough just to remove the plugs, screw and connect the headlights.

IN regulatory documents it is indicated that the installation of fog optics above the level of the dipped beam headlights is prohibited.

Installation should be carried out symmetrically, lighting optics should not protrude beyond the dimensions of the car. As a rule, the installation of additional fog lights is carried out between the optics of the main light or in the lower part of the bumper, at the level of the short-range lighting elements. To work, you must prepare the following tools:

• tape measure or ruler;
• wire crimping pliers;
• screwdriver Set;
• a set of wrenches and / or hex keys;
• drill, set of drills.

1. Training... It is first necessary to measure symmetrical places for the installation of lighting elements. It is also recommended to remove the optical elements from the headlights, this will avoid damage to the lamps during installation.
2. Drilling holes... After arranging the holes, they must be treated with anticorrosive material, this will avoid corrosion of the fasteners.
3. Installation of headlight housing and relay... contacts down, in any convenient place that excludes water ingress.
4. Arrangement of leashes... One of the headlight wires must be connected to ground, for this, in any convenient place, we fasten the wire to the body using a self-tapping screw. The rest of the wiring is placed in a corrugated plastic tube and is attached to the standard car wiring using clamps. After that, the wiring is brought into the salon.
5. Power connection.The connection diagram for additional headlights is quite simple and is almost identical to the way of arranging the power supply for the main optics. The wires are connected through separate fuses to the relay (connector # 86). Output # 85 connects to battery positive. This can be done in three different ways:

• ignition lock contact;
• separate battery cable;
• output of the dipped beam relay No. 85.

Relay output # 87 is connected to ground in any convenient place.

6. Switch mounting... IN modern models headlights, the switch is included. New cars have special connectors for additional lighting controls. If your model does not provide standard buttons, it is recommended to install them on dashboard, near the fuse box.

7. Check... Upon completion of all work, it is necessary to double-check the correctness and reliability of the connection of all elements.

• It is possible to ensure efficient and safe movement in conditions of limited visibility only if the additional light optics are properly adjusted.
• Headlight fairings must be kept clean, especially for xenon optics.
• It is recommended to use a non-contact washer to clean the headlamp glass.
• Additional optics must not be washed or wiped with snow before or after use, in order to avoid glass breakage due to a sharp temperature drop.
• It is recommended to use a soft cloth to wipe the glass, otherwise the surface may be scratched.
• Always carry spare lamps and fuses with you.

Video for installing additional headlights on a car