Motor scooter tourist - a detailed review. Tourist history of the creation of a motor scooter Motor scooter tourist specifications

December 20th, 2010

For a long time I was convinced that many, it turns out, do not even know what a motor scooter Ant looks like, although almost everyone saw it, but that it was called that - they did not know. So I want to in general terms to tell about the models of the Tula Machine-Building Plant, the names of the designers and more extensive information can be found at the links at the end of the post.

It all began on April 27, 1957, when from the conveyor of the Tula Machine-Building Plant the first scooter officially came off(now we call it a scooter) Tula T -200.

The progenitor of Tula was Goggo-roller TA200 produced in Germany.

Tula had an eight-horsepower engine with a working volume of 199 cm3, a 4-speed gearbox in one block with a motor, chain drive rear wheel, 10-inch wheels, push-type front suspension. Weight -155 kg, maximum speed - 80 km / h, fuel consumption when driving at a speed of 45-50 km / h per 100 km - no more than 3.4 liters. Capacity fuel tank 11 liters + 0.5 reserve, the use of A-66 gasoline was allowed. She also had a forced air cooling, electric start instead of kick starter and monotube shock absorbers, which at that time were practically not used even on motorcycles.

On dashboard there was a speedometer, central switch (serves to turn on the light and is combined with the ignition switch), a gear indicator, a neutral indicator (green eye) and a battery charge indicator (red eye), and under the panel there was a bag hook.

At the feet on the left was the gearshift pedal, and on the right was the rear brake pedal.

The engine compartment was equipped with a flashlight and was removed on the following models.

In 1961, the updated Tula, the T-200M model, was released, its weight was reduced to 145 kg, and the power due to the use of a modified cylinder head increased to 9 liters. from. In addition, she received a kick starter, the type of the front fork has changed. Instead of a forks with a push-type link suspension, a pull-type fork was used and the main visual difference is a different wing shape, as well as many other little things.

There was a toolbox under the saddle.

The wiring, like the T-200, went under the scooter.

In 1961, a batch of 94 light scooters with a T-200K side trailer was produced. The body of the "sidecar" was borrowed from the side trailer "IZH-56", the frame had an original design. The chassis of the scooter has been reinforced.

The next modernization took place in 1967, the model was named "Tourist". This design eliminated most of the shortcomings of the T-200 / T-200M scooter. The load-bearing hood eliminated the need for a massive tubular subframe at the rear of the car, and a new front push-type lever fork provided good handling. The scooter had a significantly changed design. The old, but forced engine, by making some adjustments (by improving the valve timing, the shape of the combustion chambers and increasing the compression ratio), increased in power by 20% - from 9 hp. at 4500 rpm. up to 11 hp at 5600 rpm. Increasing the compression ratio required the use of gasoline with octane number not less than 72. Maximum speed - 85 km / h, tank for 12 liters, fuel consumption 3-3.5 liters per 100 km, turn signals also appeared, which was not yet in the standard version on the T-200M. The body of the "Tourist" has become much stronger, the center of gravity has noticeably decreased. In the wing front wheel housed a toolbox.

In 1971, the "Tourist" was modernized. The model was called "Tourist-M". The most important thing is that the compression ratio was increased to 7.8, the engine was now running on A-76 gasoline, and its maximum power increased to 12 hp. Maximum speed increased to 90 km / h. The scooter received a new cigar-shaped muffler. The toolbox, which was initially located in the front wheel housing recess, moved under the saddle.

In front of the driver was a speedometer, on the left was a high / low beam switch and a button sound signal, on the right is a direction indicator switch, under the steering wheel there were up to 3 control eyes, a neutral indicator (green), a battery charge indicator (red eye), a direction indicator indicator (orange). Under them was the ignition lock and the button for turning on the lighting, and below - the panel covering the electrical wiring.

In 1978, the serial production of the Tulitsa motor scooter began (modernization of Tourist-M). He received an engine with an aluminum cylinder and a cast-iron liner (which made it possible to completely get rid of the main trouble of the "cast iron" - piston sticking), three-channel purge. All this increased maximum power engine up to 14 hp The car lightened up to 140 kg and had a top speed of 97 km / h. Outwardly, the new scooter hardly differed from the "Tourist" - it could only be recognized by the aluminum cast wheel hubs and a shortened muffler.

The last modification of 1986 Tulitsa-02M. As always, we increased the power and reduced the weight: 14.5 hp. and 134 kg, a petal valve was installed at the inlet, which made it possible to reduce consumption, and the lining was also updated. The maximum speed is 100 km / h.

This is where the history of passenger scooters ends, but on the basis of each of them a cargo scooter was created, in fact it was a passenger version, it was just that there were 2 wheels and a body behind. Freight scooters were even more popular than passenger ones, they all had different factory indexes, but they were called in one word - Ant.

At the beginning of 1957, the first samples of the TG-200 cargo scooter (the name "Ant" had not yet been worn) were manufactured and road tests began.

In prototypes - units from the manufactured in Serpukhov were used wheelchair: differential and balancers. For the rest, the cargo scooter had units unified with the passenger ones: an engine, a steering fork with a front suspension and a wheel, steering, electrical equipment, exhaust system, front shield with flooring, front wheel cover, front wheel with brake, electrical equipment and engine with a silencer. Thanks to the differential, the scooter received the transmission reverse... During the tests, it became necessary, in addition to the electric starter, to have an understudy - kickstarter, later it was introduced on the T-200M passenger scooter. After a short release, this model was redesigned and is still being produced in this form, only the structures of the cladding, saddle, and steering wheel have changed. On the basis of the TG-200 scooter, they developed and mastered the production of its modifications with a van body and an isothermal van TG-200F and TG-200I.

In addition, during the operation, the consumer revealed the need to change the steering parameters and the stiffness of the front suspension, therefore, a steering damper was also made on the scooter.

The first serial cargo scooters TG-200 had the following technical data: 2-stroke engine, displacement 199 cm3, power 8 hp, payload 200 kg, maximum speed 50 km / h, fuel consumption per 100 km. - up to 7 years. weight 265 kg (with body) and 310 kg (with van).

All the changes that improve the passenger scooter were immediately implemented on the cargo scooter, therefore, in principle, nothing new can be said about the engine, except that each time the cargo scooter increased its carrying capacity and maximum speed.

After the appearance of the modernized Tula T-200M in 1962, a cargo scooter underwent a similar modernization. He had the same TG-200 index.

The first serial "Tourist" scooters left the assembly line in 1967, and in 1968 the production of the TGA-200 "Muravei" cargo scooter began with the nodes of a new basic model and a carrying capacity increased to 250 kg.

Under the body was spare wheel and a toolbox.

The battery and wiring, as on Tourists and Tulitsa, were between the driver's legs.

There was also a cargo-passenger option, no less popular than just a cargo one.

In 1980, the production of a new family of cargo scooters was mastered on the basis of Tulitsa units with a symbolically increased carrying capacity up to 255 kg (TGA-200-01 index). Since 1983, a gradual introduction into production of units began. new range models (TMZ-5.403). At the first stage, the manufacture of a new tubular adjustable rudder was mastered, air filter with a plastic case and a paper filter element, a more economical K62 carburetor is installed.

In 1986, scooters received a new form of facing - the fruit of the collective work of factory designers. The light scooter began to be called Tulitsa 2, and the cargo scooters, which, due to the updated engine, had a lifting capacity of up to 320 kg, became the TMZ-5.403-01 index or Ant 2.

Tula mini-trucks were extremely popular in the country and abroad - of the 97,996 scooters produced at TMZ in 1988, the share of "Muravyov" was 84%. It is significant that today you can buy spare parts for them not only from domestic handicraftsmen, but also from factories in the Czech Republic, Poland and, of course, China.

For cargo scooters, versions with a closed cabin were produced. They consisted of a stamped welded structure of sheet steel weighing 50 kg. Panoramic glass provided good overview, it was equipped with a manual windshield wiper. Rubber-sealed doors and a padded seat made the cab ride comfortable. Due to the heat removed from the running engine, during frost down to -25 ° C in the cab, the temperature did not drop below + 8.

The plant received an unusual order in the late 1950s: to produce a batch of motorcycle taxis for VDNKh. The design documentation was developed jointly with TsKEB, and in 1960 a batch of 50 T-200T motorcycle taxis arrived at the customer. These cars had an open two-seater body of a rather simple design, docked to the rear of a passenger scooter, with two front steerable wheels.

For easy protection of the driver from bad weather and headwind, a removable wind shield was produced for cargo and passenger scooters from 1960 until the production of scooters was stopped.

The cargo scooter has always been in good demand in the foreign market, and in order to expand export deliveries in 1989-1991, work was done to create documentation for assembly group-sets of a cargo scooter and motorcycle for enterprises in Mexico, Colombia, Argentina. The work was supervised by the experienced head of the bureau, E.I. Gololobov. Sending products in group sets has significantly reduced the cost of transporting exported motor vehicles. The total number of equipment sent to the addressees is 12 868 items.

Tula Tourist

By the mid-60s, it was time to replace the scooter with german roots - Tula 200, for a completely new model own development... The design bureau at the plant was headed by engineer Evgeny Nikolaevich Shcherbakov, and the chief designer was A.V. Lototsky. New model showed in 1967 under the name Tulitsa. However, with the start of serial production, the scooter was renamed into "Tourist", and its original name was given to its modernized version, the release of which began only in 1978. I would like to pay tribute to the designers, "Tourist" really turned out to be a completely new scooter.

Testing the new scooter Tourist were held at the stands of the plant and VNIImotoprom, at mountain roads South and on the snow-covered country roads of the middle lane. Factory drivers took part in "Tourists" in motor rally, motorcycle all-around and cross-country. According to the test results, the consumer received a refined design, which significantly surpassed the Tula 200M in all respects.

The carrying hood made it possible to abandon the heavy tubular frame, significantly reducing the center of gravity and mass of the scooter, while increasing the strength of the entire structure. To access the engine, the hood was folded back and fixed on a hook - very convenient in practice. In addition, the seat could also recline, providing access to the gas tank and spark plug. And the landing itself was a little more comfortable.

The engine was a modernized version of the Tula 200M. By optimizing the valve timing, the shape of the combustion chambers and increasing the compression ratio, the engine power was increased by 20% - from 9 hp. at 4500 rpm. up to 11 hp at 5600 rpm. With an increase in the compression ratio, the octane rating of the gasoline used also increased - now it was possible to pour gasoline with an octane rating of at least 72 into the engine. The air filter was kept unchanged, and exhaust system just got new mounts.

The main highlight of the new scooter is the front fender. The fact is that the designers placed a toolbox there, which, by the way, was locked with a key. On the modernized versions, this box was abandoned, but in vain ...

On the T200 and T200M, the control cables and wiring were in plain sight. On the new scooter Tourist, the designers hid all the wires under a plastic casing. Everything is neat, nothing sticks out. In front of the driver on the dashboard were located only control devices... The increased traffic density led to the addition of turn signals to the scooter design, which, again, was absent in the T200.

I had to work on the smoothness of the ride and solve the problem of instability of the T200 on high speeds... Stroke rear suspension The T-200M was 60 mm, while the Tourist scooter was almost twice as large (110 mm). In the design of the front suspension, they returned to the version of the pushing type (as on the very first Tula T-200; on the T-200M - the pulling type). In addition, the increased maximum speed of the scooter forced the designers to improve braking system... Diameter brake pad The tourist was 150 mm, against 130 mm for the T200. Increased protection brakes from the dirt. The wheel hubs were also different. The front wheel and rear wheel were now interchangeable.

It was decided not to put the unique indicator of the included gear, which was on the T200 and T200M, on the "Tourist". The headlight was similar to the one that was installed on Vyatki V-150M, with the exception of a different bulb, and back light - interchangeable with T200M flashlight. The central switch was almost the same as that used on Moskvich 408 cars. The dinastarter was retained in the design, in fact, like the kick starter. Another innovation in the Tourist's electrical equipment is two fuses: one in the starter network, the other in the battery network.

Tula Tourist-M

In the fall of 1971, the plant began producing a modernized version of the scooter, which was named "Tourist-M". First of all, the new scooter was distinguished by an increased engine power - it increased from 11 to 12 hp. Accordingly, the maximum speed has also increased to 90 km / h. This was achieved by increasing the compression ratio to 7.8. The increase in power was also facilitated by the optimization of the exhaust system: the box muffler was replaced with a cigar-shaped one and exhaust pipe larger diameter. But the increase in power also led to an increase in the thermal stress of the engine, which forced the designers to install a special deflector under the hood, directing warm air outward.

The change in the shape of the muffler led to a change in the kick-starter - it became shorter and now hid under the hood. In practice, it was not always possible to start a scooter with the help of a dynastarter, and in order to remove the kick-starter, it was necessary to open the hood, which was not very convenient. The footrest was also changed, moving it back. Having studied the statistics of damage to the "Tourist" scooters in an accident, the designers doubled the static stiffness of the steering wheel to reduce its damage. In addition, the steering wheel clamp was replaced with a more reliable one - by means of a cracker.

In order to reduce the weight of the scooter, the fan impeller and rear chain cover were made of plastic, and not aluminum alloy, as it was previously. And the chain itself now had to be tightened less often.

Shock mountings and performance have been improved. Increased passenger footrests.

The design of the gas tank and the method of its attachment have changed. If earlier it was attached to the frame, now it is suspended from the hood on special clamps, which increases the fuel pressure and reduces the weight of the frame itself. The original storage compartment from the front fender moved under the seat and became removable. They also transferred the sound signal to the steering column.

In 1978, the Tourist-M was replaced by an even more improved Tulitsa model, which outwardly practically did not differ from its predecessor. 2 years earlier, on April 22, 1976, the millionth "Tourist" scooter was released.

An engine with a working volume of 199 cc is installed. The productive element generates 11 units of power. Engine type - two-stroke, with one cylinder. The transmission is provided mechanical box 4-speed gears. Gear shifting with a foot. Air cooling, stable operation of the power unit is ensured by permanent work fan while driving. The fuel recommended by the manufacturer is A 72. The top speed is 85 km / h.

The main geometrical parameters of the scooter: length - 1980 mm; height-1010 mm; The wheelbase is 1400 mm. Fuel consumption in the city 3.5 l / 100 km. The fuel tank is designed for 12 liters of fuel. Dry weight of the "Tourist" scooter is 145 kg. The suspension is a long-link system with spring-hydraulic shock absorbers in front, a lever system with spring-hydraulic shock absorbers at the rear of the scooter.

Tourist review

The scooter "Tourist" was characterized in its years as a reliable transport for movement. The production of the model began in 1968. This unit is a prototype of the Tula scooter. On this scooter, the toolbox is located in the front wheel guard. Accumulator battery arranged between the driver's legs. "Adjacent" to the front brake, there is a shock-absorbing system. It is characterized as soft and durable. In the parking position, the support is provided by the central and lateral legs. Unlike its "heirs", the engine of the "Tourist" scooter is less powerful. The so-called neutral speed is located before the first speed. At the same time, two models were established: "Tourist" and "Tourist-M".

Motor scooter "Tourist"

Pay particular attention to the cleanliness of the engine surface. There should be no dirt on the cylinder and its head. Otherwise, it can negatively affect the heat dissipation of the engine. There have also been cases with rapid wear of parts, which in turn leads to unexpected stops during movement.

In order to avoid fire, on power unit there must be no traces of gasoline or oil. Due attention should be paid to the lubrication of the productive element. In no case should you be allowed to ride a scooter filled with gasoline alone. It is imperative that you fill the fuel tank with a mixture of gasoline and oil. Otherwise, all parts wear out quickly.

Fuel consumption

Excessive fuel consumption is usually the result of improper handling of the scooter. To save fuel, the manufacturer advises to adhere to the following recommendations:

Start the technique smoothly. Sharp pressing on the throttle stick leads to increased gasoline consumption.
Track the recommended tire pressure. Tires that are not inflated also result in excessive fuel consumption.
Clean the spark plug from time to time. Intermittent spark plug operation affects fuel consumption.
Monitor the condition of the brake boxes. In the released state, the pads should never touch the disc.

Caring for the exterior of the scooter

The paintwork of a motor scooter can be preserved for many years if simple preventive measures are taken. The same goes for appearance technology in general. The measures are as follows: it is recommended to wash the surface of the "Tourist" with soapy water 2 times a month. After washing with soapy water, rinse again with plain water, the temperature of which is 10-35 degrees.

This scooter became the heir to an earlier model - the Tula scooter. The scooters in this series had a light green color and, compared to earlier models, had a completely different appearance.

The scooter has a toolbox under the seat and a battery between the driver's legs. The air adjuster knob is located next to the front brake knob. Soft suspension, two parking stops - side and central. The design of the engine is the same as in earlier models, but the engine power has increased. Gear shifting is different from a motorcycle where neutral was between first and second gear. In Tourist, neutral is before the first gear. In general, the Tourist motor scooter, like Tulitsa, turned out to be very good.

Two models of the scooter were produced: "Tourist" and "Tourist-M".
Differs "Tourist" from "Tourist-M":

The presence of a glove compartment in the front fender
The gas tank is fixed to the frame, and on the Tourist-M it is attached with clamps to the hood
The horn on the Tourist was located under the front wheel. In the rain, the signal flooded.

Specifications

Engine volume: 200 cm³
Power: 11 HP
Transmission: 4-speed with foot switch
Cooling: forced air from a fan, forced by an air impeller
Fuel consumption: 3.2 liters 76 on the highway, 3.5 in the urban cycle
Fuel: mixture of gasoline and oil
Allowed to work on 72 and 80
Tank volume: 12 liters
Maximum speed: 85 km / h
Dry weight: 145 kg

Design flaws

Steering shimmy (loss of control) may have occurred while operating this scooter.
Due to the weight of the scooter, it is inconvenient to use the central parking stop.
Instability in wet weather, especially on wet grass.
An excessively large weight - more than 150 kg in running order - reduced the dynamic characteristics of the scooter.

Links

Motor scooter Tourist-M

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

See what "Tourist (motor scooter)" is in other dictionaries:

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Present, number of synonyms: 12 vyatka (10) motorcycle (21) ant (17) ... Synonym dictionary

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For a long time I was convinced that many, it turns out, do not even know what a motor scooter Ant looks like, although almost everyone saw it, but they did not guess that it was called that. Therefore, I want to tell you in general terms about the models of the Tula Machine-Building Plant and the names of the designers.

It all began on April 27, 1957, when the first motor scooter (now we call it a scooter) Tula T-200 officially rolled off the assembly line of the Tula Machine-Building Plant.

The progenitor of Tula was the Goggo-roller TA200 produced in Germany.

Tula had an eight-horsepower engine with a working volume of 199 cm3, a 4-speed gearbox in one block with a motor, a chain drive of the rear wheel, 10-inch wheels, a push-type fork of the front suspension. Weight -155 kg, maximum speed - 80 km / h, fuel consumption when driving at a speed of 45-50 km / h per 100 km - no more than 3.4 liters. The capacity of the fuel tank is 11 liters + 0.5 reserve, it was allowed to use A-66 gasoline. It also had forced air cooling, an electric start instead of a kick starter, and monotube shock absorbers, which were practically not used even on motorcycles at that time.

On the dashboard there was a speedometer, a central switch (used to turn on the light and is combined with the ignition switch), a gear indicator, a neutral indicator (green eye) and a battery charge indicator (red eye), and under the panel there was a bag hook.

At the feet on the left was the gearshift pedal, and on the right was the rear brake pedal.

The engine compartment was equipped with a flashlight and was removed on the following models.

There was a toolbox under the saddle.

The wiring, like the T-200, went under the scooter.

The next modernization took place in 1967, the model was named "Tourist". This design eliminated most of the shortcomings of the T-200 / T-200M scooter. The load-bearing hood eliminated the need for a massive tubular subframe at the rear of the car, and a new front push-type lever fork provided good handling. The scooter had a significantly changed design. The old, but forced engine, by making some adjustments (by improving the valve timing, the shape of the combustion chambers and increasing the compression ratio), increased in power by 20% - from 9 hp. at 4500 rpm. up to 11 HP at 5600 rpm. Increasing the compression ratio required the use of gasoline with an octane number of at least 72. The maximum speed is 85 km / h, the tank is 12 liters, the fuel consumption is 3-3.5 liters per 100 km, turn signals also appeared, which was not yet in the standard execution on the T-200M. The body of the "Tourist" has become much stronger, the center of gravity has noticeably decreased. A toolbox was located in the fender of the front wheel.

There was a speedometer in front of the driver, on the left there was a high / low beam switch and a horn button, on the right was a direction indicator switch, under the steering wheel there were up to 3 control eyes, a neutral indicator (green), a battery charge indicator (red eye), a turn signal indicator (orange ). Under them was the ignition lock and the button for turning on the lighting, and below - the panel covering the electrical wiring.

In 1978, the serial production of the Tulitsa scooter began (modernization of Tourist-M). He received an engine with an aluminum cylinder and a cast-iron liner (which made it possible to completely get rid of the main trouble of the "cast iron" - piston sticking), three-channel purge. All this increased the maximum engine power to 14 hp. The car lightened up to 140 kg and had a top speed of 97 km / h. Outwardly, the new scooter hardly differed from the "Tourist" - it could only be recognized by the aluminum cast wheel hubs and a shortened muffler.

At the beginning of 1957, the first samples of the TG-200 cargo scooter (the name "Ant" had not yet been worn) were manufactured and road tests began.

In prototypes, units from a disabled motorized carriage manufactured in Serpukhov were used: a differential and balancers. The rest of the cargo scooter had units unified with a passenger car: engine, steering fork with front suspension and wheel, steering, electrical equipment, exhaust system, front shield with flooring, front wheel cover, front wheel with brake, electrical equipment and engine with a silencer. Thanks to the differential, the scooter received reverse gear. During the tests, it became necessary, in addition to the electric starter, to have an understudy - kickstarter, later it was introduced on the T-200M passenger scooter. After a short release, this model was redesigned and is still being produced in this form, only the structures of the cladding, saddle, and steering wheel have changed. On the basis of the TG-200 scooter, they developed and mastered the production of its modifications with a van body and an isothermal van TG-200F and TG-200I.

In addition, during operation, the consumer revealed the need to change the steering parameters and the stiffness of the front suspension, so a steering damper was also made on the scooter. The first serial cargo scooters TG-200 had the following technical data: 2-stroke engine, working volume 199 cm3 , power 8 hp, carrying capacity 200 kg, maximum speed 50 km / h, fuel consumption per 100 km. - up to 7 years. weight 265 kg (with body) and 310 kg (with van). All changes that improve the passenger scooter were immediately implemented on the cargo scooter, therefore, in principle, nothing new can be said about the engine, except that the load capacity and maximum speed of the cargo scooter increased every time.

After the appearance of the modernized Tula T-200M in 1962, a cargo scooter underwent a similar modernization. He had the same TG-200 index.

There was a spare wheel and a toolbox under the body.

The battery and wiring, as on Tourists and Tulitsa, were between the driver's legs.

There was also a cargo-passenger option, no less popular than just a cargo one.

In 1980, the production of a new family of cargo scooters was mastered on the basis of Tulitsa units with a symbolically increased carrying capacity up to 255 kg (TGA-200-01 index). Since 1983, a gradual introduction into production of units of a new range of models (TMZ-5.403) began. At the first stage, the manufacture of a new tubular adjustable steering wheel, an air filter with a plastic housing and a paper filter element was mastered, and a more economical K62 carburetor was installed.

Tula mini-trucks were extremely popular in the country and abroad - of the 97,996 scooters produced at TMZ in 1988, the share of "Muravyev" was 84%. It is significant that today you can buy spare parts for them not only from domestic handicraftsmen, but also from factories in the Czech Republic, Poland and, of course, China.

For cargo scooters, versions with a closed cabin were produced. They consisted of a stamped welded structure made of sheet steel weighing 50 kg. The panoramic glass provided good visibility and was equipped with a manual wiper. Rubber-sealed doors and a soft seat made the ride in the cab comfortable enough. Due to the heat removed from the running engine, in case of frost down to -25 ° C in the cab, the temperature did not drop below + 8.

Since the mid-90s, plastic cabins have also been produced. But both types of cabins are very rare nowadays.

For easy protection of the driver from bad weather and headwind, a removable wind shield was produced for cargo and passenger scooters from 1960 until the production of scooters was stopped.