If you are just learning how to drive and experience fear in the very first lessons, do not worry. This happens to absolutely everyone who gets behind the wheel of a car for the first time. And if you are confident in your abilities and feel your car, its movement and speed, then soon you will overcome this fear and be a real driver. But how to learn to drive a car from scratch on your own? Before you begin to learn the intricacies of shifting, you need to master the theory. Today we will look at several aspects that should be focused on for those who are just going to master the skills of driving.
Knowledge of the rules of the road - first of all
The first step on the road to success is, of course, knowledge of the theory. Before you start studying the question of how to learn to drive a car from scratch, remember all the rules traffic. If you don’t distinguish between signs or don’t know the intricacies of getting out of traffic situations (for example, then, of course, this way you won’t become a real driver. Even if you have certain skills, you can’t go anywhere without knowledge of traffic rules. It’s really impossible to learn theory as difficult as it seems at first glance.At some stage it is even exciting, so be sure to learn the traffic rules before the first trip.
from scratch? Leaving for the autodrome
After you have mastered the theory, you can safely move on to practice. Why autodrome? Because a simple knowledge of the rules of the road will not give you the opportunity to feel normal in a dynamic flow of cars. First you need to get used to at least a race track for this just intended. Here you can learn everything that will be required of you in a driving school: starting off, downhill with the handbrake on, parking, "snake" and so on.
Moreover, each of these maneuvers requires knowledge of the dimensions of the car, especially when parking. The autodrome is also advantageous in that it does not have such obstacles as "Lexus", "Mercedes", and most importantly, that there are no pedestrians on it. At this stage, the main thing you need to master is Feeling the car itself, you will trust your actions and not be afraid to pass near the parking posts at a distance of less than 10 centimeters. As a rule, you can get used to the size of the car in 3-5 lessons. All this will take you less than one week. But at this stage, the question "how to learn to drive a car from scratch" is not yet closed. At the final stage, you need to learn how to confidently stay in dense stream machines.
How to learn to drive a car from scratch? Learning to drive around the city
If you didn’t need to apply the knowledge of traffic rules in the classes at the autodrome, then on the city streets you will have to remember everything that you learned earlier. Both theory and practice will come in handy. In fact, if you've overcome your fear of cars, then city driving won't seem intimidating either. The main thing is to watch the road and other road users, especially pedestrians. After 2-3 days of such a ride, you can move out onto a fairly busy road.
A car in our time is both a means of transportation and a luxury, especially expensive, presentable models. But getting the desired car is half the battle, because you still need to learn how to drive on your own.
A driving school will help you get the first theoretical and practical knowledge. The instructor will explain everything in detail, and you will do the first outings by car with him. But the time allotted for classes is not enough to get acquainted with all the intricacies of driving. Therefore, you will have to travel a lot on your own. Getting into the car, develop a habit of adjusting the seat, belts, mirrors. This is to ensure that your ride is as comfortable as possible. Gear shifting, tracking the road in mirrors should be brought to the level of automatism. To move off, depress the clutch pedal and shift into first gear. Then smoothly, evenly release your left foot from the clutch and at the same time press the gas with your right foot. If you learn to feel the car, you can gently pull away.
Take the process of driving a car with all responsibility and after each training session analyze your actions and mistakes. Next time you will know how to handle the situation correctly and not repeat your mistakes.
Historically, men are the stronger sex, and women are assigned the role of weak "creatures". In reality, the situation is different, and therefore men undeservedly believe that a woman has almost no right to drive a car. This is extremely unfair. A woman of a modern format can do anything herself, let alone driving a car. Some representatives of the weaker sex sometimes drive much better than men, following all the rules, driving carefully and confidently. But many girls are simply afraid to go to a driving school and get a license, and there are a number of reasons for that. Despite the fact that driving school instructors talk about the diligence of students, there are quite a few girls in these institutions.
Reasons why women are afraid to drive
Yet they say the truth that the female style of driving a car exists. This is due to the psychological characteristics of girls, and these features are reflected in the driving style. The feminine character is expressed in the following aspects:
1) Disorientation in the area and difficulty finding destinations. In such a situation, a woman can brake sharply, drive at low speeds, while interfering and causing irritation to other drivers;
2) Slow response to traffic changes. It is difficult for women to learn how to quickly respond to such situations. Due to excessive emotionality, the girl may be confused, so she will not be able to quickly figure out what needs to be done;
3) A large percentage of road accidents involving women;
Nevertheless, the girls cannot be taken away from the fact that they are more accurate in their driving style. They rarely overtake other cars, do not move at the moment of sunbathing yellow light. Despite all this, a woman behind the wheel causes a double reaction in most men. Some react to this quite calmly, while others speak very negatively towards the girl behind the wheel. But men are powerless against fashion, so more and more women get behind the wheel, forgetting about their fears and convincing men of their strength. Here the question arises: how exactly does a woman comprehend the skill of driving a car? First of all, you should not be afraid. If you do not give in to the feeling of fear, then everything will work out.
But why are most women afraid to drive? And the reasons are as follows:
1) Fear of getting into an accident.
You can become both the culprit of the accident and the victim. If this happens, then you must be confident in all your actions. You need to carefully monitor the road, move only according to the rules. Today, every driver must register his car in order not to pay for repairs in the event of an accident.
Most importantly, every time you get behind the wheel of a car, fasten your seat belt, and not only you, but also your passengers should do this. After all, in this way you can save your own and not only life.
2) Fear of mistakes on the road. If you strictly follow the rules of the road, then no one will be able to show you anything. If someone will “ask” you to pick up speed or move, then the one who signals will be wrong, because you are not violating anything.
3) A large number of cars and road signs. Only beginners are afraid of this, and only for the first time. After a while, you will get used to it and will automatically look at the signs and cars.
4) Fear of loss right direction . In order not to be afraid of this, it is enough to install a navigator in the car that will orient you even in an unfamiliar city.
5) Meeting with traffic police officers. Even if you are an experienced driver, you are probably afraid to meet these people in uniform who can fine you or pretty spoil your mood. But if a beautiful girl is driving, then the male inspector can make an exception.
6) Be alone with a broken car. Today, there are a very large number of organizations that can quickly come to your aid if something happened to the car.
What temperament women are better at driving
You are deeply mistaken if you think that only women with a masculine character can sit behind the wheel of a car. Undoubtedly, they can cope well with management, they are not so strongly influenced by fears, they can soberly assess the situation on the road and are able to react quickly. But absolutely any female representative can comprehend these basics. The most important thing is to take the first step, and after a while you will forget that you once experienced fear of driving. But even if you are not strong in spirit, do not have a formidable disposition, a quiet and modest young lady, you can still become an excellent driver and drive a car along with other experienced drivers.
It is enough just to gain experience and learn not to be afraid of the car. Over time, you will succeed and park in reverse into a place that looks like an “eye of a needle”, and overtake a driver who is too slow, and dodge reckless drivers.
If you decide that you want to master the art of driving a car, then for a start you can’t make a number of mistakes that are typical for most girls:
1) Husband as instructor
The first teacher for most female drivers is the husband. And this is the biggest mistake that the fair sex makes, because he is the worst teacher. The reason is unclear, but absolutely all husbands in some unknown way manage to discourage their beloved women from any desire to learn how to drive a car. You need to comprehend this skill or on your own after receiving driving license, or under the guidance of an instructor of the driving school where you are studying.
2) Use family car as an educational
The second most common mistake women make is learning to drive in their husband's car. Indeed, after each of your test drives, the car will be carefully examined, and you will be deducted for a non-existent scratch on. In addition, on ordinary car you should not study, because the training room is specially equipped for beginners.
3) The excuse "I'm a newbie at the wheel!"
It is in vain that novice autoladies do not perceive stickers and inscriptions that need to be placed on their car so that other road users know that a newbie is driving. Those who drive a car for more than a year simply will not know that the driver in front needs to be “beware”.
So, in order to quickly teach a woman to drive a car, you need to follow a few very simple recommendations:
1) Don't try to maneuver very fast. You do not need to pay attention to the surrounding drivers who can honk you. You don't want accidents, do you?
2) No need to perceive your mistakes and flaws as a tragedy. This is a matter of technology. Are you unable to drive in reverse? Just practice. Do it yourself, without prying eyes.
3) Practice for 6 months so that you begin to automatically shift gears, gas when you need it, smoothly release the clutch.
4)
Always soberly try to assess the situation. Modern drivers too appreciate the attention of other road users, trying to show their "coolness" and the ability to get to the moon. Because of this, accidents are created on the road. Therefore, it is better to skip such reckless drivers or even go around them in a different way.
5) Remember to look in your rear-view mirrors when overtaking and turning. This should be your main principle.
6) Brake when approaching pedestrian crossing. Never step on the gas. By law, you must give way to pedestrians, but most drivers do not.
7) Do not respond to screams and sound signals other motorists. The more experience the driver has, the more he will have the desire to show everyone his superiority. You do not need to pay attention to such people of attention, it will protect you.
Always remember that a car is a source of increased danger. When you get behind the wheel, you are responsible for both yourself and your passengers. No need to increase speed once again, always give way to pedestrians, be polite on the road. You, as a girl, just need to discard all prejudices, conventions, fears. Just learn to drive. And remember that some women can drive just as well, if not better, than men.
The sparkle in the eyes at the sight of a car and the inevitable desire to drive an iron friend are the main signs that a pedestrian has moved into the category of motorists. From now on, it is necessary not only to acquire a functional, charming, dynamic, exceptionally controllable, comfortable, ultra-modern or classic model of the automotive industry, but also to master the basics of driving. The basic rule of the "teapot" is known testament of Ilyich: "learn, learn ..." as much as it will be necessary in order to navigate the vast expanses of roads.
Driving lessons. How to learn to drive fast
Driving a car: talent or skill?
Availability driving talent as a prerequisite for driving a car - this is the most common misconception of a pedestrian who has decided to master the skills of driving. Talent will only be required if the motorist decides to switch to the status of "autopilot" or become a participant in the rally. In other cases, it is enough to achieve automatism in control and learn the skill of driving : perform the necessary actions without being distracted by “what to include” or “what to press”. Until automatism is achieved, it is not recommended to drive onto the highway or the streets of the metropolis even in large cities of the province.
It must be taken into account that the transition from the number of exercises to the quality of control occurs in leaps and bounds, therefore, indispensable progress in each next lesson is not necessary. Already after a few trips, self-confidence will appear and a trip by car will no longer be perceived as something unattainable. For "dummies" the recommended duration of one trip is 40 minutes.
Useful advice: for the first trips "instructor" it could be a slow truck or a bus. It is necessary to keep a safe distance and repeat all movements: turns, stops, analyze the actions of the driver. In critical situations (confusion, panic, fear), it is enough to turn on the emergency gang and stop at the sidewalk.
We teach a girl to drive / start moving
Driving for Dummies: First Steps to Professional Driving
professional management - this is competent and confident driving, which is achieved by hard training. An important factor in mastering the art of management is psychological stability. The first step of a pedestrian on the way to the auto world is an excellent knowledge of traffic rules, obtaining driving license, mastering the theory and practice of driving:
- daily management is an prerequisite consolidating the skills acquired in a driving school, and developing muscle memory. It is necessary to achieve automatism at the beginning of the movement, emergency braking, shifting gears, turning in a confined space, parking, driving bottlenecks. Simultaneously with the maneuvers, you need to learn how to control the speed, get used to the car, feel the dimensions, automate acceleration and deceleration, get rid of the fear of driving and psychological clamps. Even laps in a deserted parking lot are better than contemplating a car through the window;
- practice instant response to signs priority and forbidding. It is equally important to quickly respond to markings, while not making rash maneuvers: if you are confused, it is enough to drive up to the curb, turn on the “emergency gang” and think over the maneuver. In order for traffic rules not to be lost in memory over time, it is enough to periodically refresh knowledge on a computer program - solve tickets;
- first trips must be done in the evening or on weekends, as at this time the traffic intensity is reduced. The best option is empty calm tracks. Be sure to learn how to move in the stream: observe the speed of nearby vehicles. At first, you can move in the right lane with an emergency signal;
The main condition for safe driving in urban environments is psychological stability and possession of driving skills. In addition, it is necessary to exclude the creation emergencies and interference with other road users. For this it is necessary exclude behavior "by itself"(non-observance of the flow speed, undercutting, incorrect traffic geometry), consider other road users , simulate behavioral situations. Particular attention is recommended to be given fixed-route taxi who "sin" with unexpected stops in the wrong places.
- stable psychological state and adequacy are the key to successful driving. Uncontrolled panic, like overconfidence, is a hindrance to good decisions and must be dealt with before you get behind the wheel. If the fear of city traffic turned out to be stronger than the driver, then you should limit yourself to honing your skills on a half-empty night road or country road.
Professional driving is not only automatic in driving, but also the ability to make the right decision in a fraction of a second. critical situation. Therefore, excessive emotionality is recognized as a bad fellow traveler, as well as a sharp reaction to the actions of other road users. It is necessary to learn how to predict, develop readiness for any maneuver and learn how to change lanes correctly, since most minor accidents are inattention when changing lanes.
The procedure for the driver when changing lanes:
- estimate traffic situation(the position of others, control chaotically rearranging motorcycles and cars, take into account motorcyclists between the rows);
- estimate distance to car, which follows in the desired lane, including the speed of movement ( the best way for the "teapot" - the absence of cars);
- turn on "turn signal" and reassess the traffic situation. If another participant starts a rebuilding maneuver, you need to wait. In case of mutual rebuilding in the central lane, the driver from the right lane has priority;
- disperse the car to the flow rate (if there are cars), wait for the “window” in the lane and start a maneuver. It is not recommended to slow down when changing lanes, as other drivers will be forced to slow down.
Useful advice : when rebuilding, it is necessary to control the transport both in front and behind. At the time of the maneuver, it is necessary to exclude body roll, avoid skidding, while maintaining a moderate trajectory of the maneuver.
FULL Video course SDA - RULES OF THE ROAD
Fast learning conditions: how to learn to drive a car in 10 days?
If the task is to quickly master the art of driving, then it is necessary to combine 2 types of training:
1) classes with an instructor;
2) self preparation.
At the same time, it is recommended to devote the second part - independent training for at least a month, and leave 10 “decisive” days for classes with an instructor. Since training with an instructor is a field of professional knowledge, the effectiveness of classes depends on the experience of a specialist. The focus should be on finding the best driving school, and to speed up the learning process, focus on self-training.
Self-preparation: auto-educational program
The advantages of self-study are obvious: no expenses, free choice of time for classes, no restrictions on duration. To ensure that preparation does not turn into wasted time without acquiring useful skills, it is necessary to systematize the process:
- technical skills (coordination exercises);
- distribution of attention.
technical skills It is recommended to divide into groups:
Vehicle position
The main task at this stage is the development of an eye, since a car cannot resemble a pedestrian who moves in “zigzags”. Straightness must be observed: parallel to parked cars, curbs, in a stream of cars. A useful exercise is the parallel laying out of any household items (notebooks, books, pens, etc.) and the search for straight lines in the environment that will allow you to adjust the position: baseboard, table lines, etc. A useful simulator is a car stimulator, especially with a steering wheel and pedals.
Pedals
When choosing an iron friend with a manual transmission, you need to master 3 pedals: clutch (left), brake, gas (right). It is necessary to achieve automaticity in the “load distribution” on the legs when pressing the pedals: clutch - left, gas, brake - right.
In addition, pay special attention gear lever . Before each gear change, you must press the clutch, then move the lever to the desired position and release the clutch. 1-3 gears are considered low, 5 - high, so when reducing speed, you must turn on downshifts, and during acceleration - increased. For self-training, it is enough to automate the control process within three gears.
Useful advice: in order to achieve automatism in synchronous gear shifting from 1st to 5th and pedaling, it is recommended to perform the following exercises:
- press the gas, release the gas, press the clutch, engage 2nd gear, release the clutch and press the gas while continuing to move;
- repeat the sequence of actions with 3-5 gears.
To change gears from 5th to 1st, an exercise is recommended: press the clutch and brake, engage 4th gear, release the clutch and brake, press the gas and continue driving. Repeat the sequence with 3-1 gears. All exercises can be performed not only in the car, but also hone your skills at home, replacing the pedals with home shoes, and the lever with an ordinary pencil. The duration of daily activities with pedals should be at least 10 minutes.
Mirrors
The main task is to control the movement of the reflection of objects in the mirror. The simplest option for mastering the skill is an ordinary mirror: learn to move around the room “in reverse”, focusing on the reflection in the mirror. A more difficult option: take objects alternately with your left / right hand, observing rectilinear motion. The duration of the exercises is 20 minutes daily.
If you have a car, you can park in a place where there is enough traffic, and sitting on driving position, to learn how to quickly have time to look at cars that are moving behind in the right, left, central mirrors.
Steering wheel
The peculiarity of driving a car is to learn how to correctly perceive the direction of the wheels, depending on the turn of the steering wheel. Since, unlike a bicycle, the wheels are not visible, it is necessary to perform exercises “on the dial” for half a turn of the steering wheel: from “00.00” to “06.00”, the next turn - from “06.00” to “00.00”.
Useful advice: one and a half turns in any direction - this is the state of the wheels that are completely turned in the right direction, 3 full turnover is the transition from the extreme right to the extreme left and vice versa. As with the pedals, the steering wheel is not necessary to perform the exercises, there are enough utensils (lids, plates, etc.). The recommended duration of classes is 20 minutes daily.
Distribution of attention consists in the accumulation of "templates" for getting out of critical situations. It is necessary to learn how to calculate situations, taking into account sudden changes in traffic conditions, imagine a critical situation and draw up a ready-made “template” in the form of an action plan for any case. The more "templates" - the easier it will be for the driver to find a way out of a critical situation. In order to achieve the maximum baggage of ready-made solutions, you can use the training computer program- engage in "virtual" management.
When driving a car, it is necessary to correctly disperse attention, since in addition to the dashboard and observing the car in front, it is necessary to notice signs, traffic lights, markings, pedestrians and even potholes on the road. Therefore, the practice of the first races in the company of friends and family is highly discouraged, especially if the passengers do not drive the car themselves.
original advice: you can draw black teapot inside a red triangle on a white background and place on rear window. Such a sign will emphasize the creativity of the beginner and cause experienced drivers desire to help the owner of the sign: "Behind the wheel -" kettle "!". Alternative in the form of "U" and exclamation mark mobilizes road users, but without much warmth and humor
Currently, more and more vehicles are produced with automatic transmission, but mechanical box has its own advantages, which include a complete merger with the machine and an understanding of its work, improved cross-country ability in difficult conditions. Next, we will take a closer look at all the intricacies of working and driving a car with a manual transmission.
Features of a manual transmission
A manual transmission is a type of transmission in which gear shifting and torque transmission are carried out manually by the driver by selecting a stage, according to an assessment of current conditions and characteristics of further actions.
In simpler terms, the purpose of the manual transmission is to regulate the speed range and select its direction.
The number of steps in a manual transmission is from four to seven, in addition to neutral and rear.
A feature of vehicles with manual transmission is the presence of a clutch pedal, in addition to brake and gas, available in all modes of transport. The change of steps is carried out with the clutch pedal depressed.
Advantages of transport with manual transmission:
- inexpensive repairs and easy maintenance;
- high reliability;
- sufficient range of driving options;
- the ability to tow vehicles for any length of the road;
- starting the car from the "pusher";
- improved patency in difficult conditions;
- increased dynamics and efficiency.
The disadvantages of the manual transmission include:
- the difficulty of changing gears for a novice driver;
- inconvenience and increased fatigue when driving in traffic jams due to the constant switching of stages and clutch release;
- the risk of damage to the manual transmission and clutch basket increases with illiterate gear shifting and clutch operation;
- reduced engine life when moving at sufficiently low or high speeds.
Purpose of gears and pedals in a car with manual transmission
The most widespread are 5-6 speed manual transmissions. The lever for selecting steps is used to ensure the interaction of the motor with the manual transmission.
The purpose of the pedals in a car with manual transmission
To avoid confusion and addiction in all modes of transport with manual transmission, the arrangement of the pedals is identical.
There are 3 pedals in front of the driver's feet:
- clutch pedal- far left. Its function is to transmit torque from the motor to the wheels. Always pressed when switching stages. It is necessary to squeeze to the floor, to the end, and release evenly and smoothly. A depressed clutch pedal is equivalent to a neutral stage - it provides a break in the connection between the motor and wheels.
- The brake pedal is located in the middle, its function is to brake the vehicle when you press it by pressing the pads against the discs and drums of the braking system.
- Accelerator pedal (gas)- extreme right. Regulates the flow fuel mixture by opening (pressing on the pedal) or closing (decreasing pressure) throttle valve. The pressure on the pedal leads to an increased amount of fuel mixture and, as a result, an increase in speed limit. Releasing the "gas" or reducing the pressure - there is a drop in engine speed and speed.
It is necessary to place your feet on the pedals as in the figure below.
Gear assignment
Each stage must be used for movement under certain parameters. Despite the differences between the machines in power, dynamic characteristics and other parameters, there are general principles the choice of steps and the conditions required for this.
When moving to any stage, the engine speed should be in the range of 2500-3000 rpm. - with a calm, uniform ride and 3500-4500 rpm. - when accelerating or driving more dynamically.
Gears and their characteristics with a calm manner of movement (for example, a five-speed manual transmission):
- Reverse gear ® . The rear is used to carry out some maneuvers when moving backwards - parking and leaving it, maneuvering when avoiding obstacles and other situations. Movement is carried out on an incompletely depressed clutch pedal for traffic safety.
- Neutral gear. The gearbox handle is in a free position in the middle, it is checked by swinging the handle to the right and left. Easy rocking of the handle indicates that the neutral stage is selected, breaking the connection between the motor and wheels - idling.
- First gear (1). Used to start moving (forward). The maximum speed range when moving is 50-70 km/h, but it is preferable to switch to the next one at 15-25 km/h.
- Second transfer. A suitable speed range is 20-50 km / h, it is desirable to switch to the next one at 40-50 km / h. One of the important and frequently used steps, especially when moving in the city and difficult conditions(off-road, steep descents).
- Third gear. Suitable range is 40-70 km/h. The transition to the 4th stage occurs at 60-80 km / h.
- Fourth gear. Designed for movement with a speed interval of 60-90 km / h. It is used when driving on roads with easy traffic (in the city or on the highway).
- Fifth speed. It is used for uniform movement on the highway or highway with a stable speed over 90 km / h. The transition to the 5th stage is recommended at 90-100 km / h. A suitable engine operating mode and reduced fuel consumption are possible at 90-110 km / h.
Attention! The more power a vehicle has, the more high speed steps must be increased.
Reference. In vehicles with diesel engines the rev range is much lower than that of gasoline. This is due to the peculiarity of the motor and the achievement of maximum torque (and hence more power) for more low revs, so diesel engines are more high-torque and powerful.
Variants of arrangement of speeds
1) The rear step is parallel to the first. In the absence of special protection for selecting the rear stage (a button on the handle or pressing it), a novice driver can confuse the rear with the first when choosing and start moving in the wrong direction, which can provoke an accident.
2) Finding the back step opposite the fifth, which protects against starting in the wrong direction.
Driving a vehicle with a manual transmission has many of its own nuances, having mastered which the driver will fully control the car under any conditions and will not be afraid of driving in difficult conditions.
How to get under way
For a beginner, the most difficult thing when driving a car equipped with a manual transmission is to start moving.
In order to move off a flat surface, you should:
- press the clutch pedal to the end;
- move the handle to the first speed;
- start to gradually reduce the pressure on the clutch pedal, at the moment of a slight drop in speed by 100-200 rpm, and push (setting point) increase the engine speed to 1300-1800 rpm. by gently pressing the gas pedal;
- continue to gently release the clutch, adjusting the engine speed with the accelerator pedal.
When starting from an incline, a novice driver should put the vehicle on the handbrake to avoid rollback. When pushing the car, the handbrake must be pressed and gently increase the pressure on the gas pedal.
Incorrect clutch release (throwing) is characterized by:
- jerking the car, jerking;
- often vehicle stalls after a few pulls.
Throwing the clutch is fraught with increased wear on the manual transmission, clutch and motor.
At intersections and in some situations, this can lead to an accident:
- behind the drivers located in front expect that the vehicle in front will drive, and not stall, and can crash into the rear bumper;
- a stalled car in the middle of the road at an intersection can get hit in the side while driving unregulated intersection with difficult traffic or when leaving the ring in heavy traffic.
Proper upshifting and downshifting
The correct switching of steps is considered to be one in which the engine speed does not fall below the recommended interval (2000-3000 rpm.).
With the required rise in speed (2500-3500) during acceleration, it is necessary to quickly shift the handle to a higher gear, with a soft press on the accelerator pedal after fully releasing the clutch. If the gear is changed slowly, the engine speed will drop, which will lead to difficult or inability to pick up speed.
Advice! Due to the fact that at first the change of gears for acceleration for a beginner will not be fast enough, it is recommended to increase the speed to 3000-3500 rpm before upshifting, while moving uphill to 4000 rpm. Otherwise, the vehicle may stop picking up speed.
To move to a lower level, you need:
- release the gas pedal;
- when choosing a lower gear to reduce speed, gently apply the brake and reduce the speed to the interval of the previous, lower gear;
- squeeze the clutch;
- choose a lower level;
- smoothly release the clutch;
- to maintain or gain speed (with accelerated acceleration), add gas at the very end of the clutch pedal stroke;
How to brake and slow down in a manual transmission
Braking a car with a manual transmission has its own characteristics. The braking speed should not fall below the idle speed.
Basic rules for braking a car with manual transmission on a straight line:
- the accelerator pedal is released;
- the brake is pressed until the speed is close to idling;
- the clutch is pressed;
- at high speed for smooth braking, a lower step is selected and the process is repeated;
- at low speed, the gearshift lever moves to the neutral position and stops by further pressing the brake.
During emergency braking, only the brake is applied, the engine will assist braking by reducing the speed.
The braking system is equipped vacuum booster brakes for easier pedaling. The booster only works when the engine is running and is more efficient when the engine is running. high revs than at idle.
In the event that the car stalls in neutral or with the clutch depressed, the brake pedal will practically not be squeezed out and braking distances will increase many times, up to braking on the car in front.
Braking, i.e. the reduction in speed while continuing to move, is carried out by releasing the accelerator pedal and applying the brake with control over the speed, which should remain above the idle speed.
With a slight decrease in speed, when the speed remains noticeably above idling, you can continue to move at the same stage or, if necessary, lower it.
For a significant reduction in speed when applying the brake and reaching speeds close to idling, a lower step is selected and switching to it occurs without the participation of the accelerator pedal.
A strong drop in speed, below idle speed, may adversely affect the further operation of the machine, bringing repairs closer.
How to brake with the engine and handbrake
The principle of engine braking is to lower the stage when the speed is close to idling. You can lower the steps from any higher to any lower, except for the first and rear. To do this, it is necessary to reduce the speed to the range of the desired step and make a changeover.
The handbrake is designed to hold the vehicle in a standing position.
Handbraking at high speed in most cases leads to blocking rear wheels, skidding and complete loss of control over the machine. There are many cases of deaths during braking hand brake at considerable speed.
If the brakes fail and in some other situations, it may be necessary to resort to handbraking.
To avoid dangerous consequences when using the handbrake on a moving car, you must:
- gently, not until the last clicks, slow down with a handbrake, avoiding blocking the rear wheels;
- emergency braking is possible only when driving on a straight, non-slip road and when the front wheels are positioned strictly for driving straight ahead, avoiding any steering movements.
If possible, you should avoid braking with the handbrake at high speed, it is preferable to slow down by lowering the steps up to the second.
What not to do with manual transmission
A manual transmission is a reliable type of transmission, but its improper operation can significantly reduce its service life and lead to significant breakdowns.
What can not be done at the manual transmission:
- turn on reverse gear until the car comes to a complete stop (manual transmission breakdown);
- depress the clutch, except for the moments necessary for shifting gears (increased wear occurs release bearing and clutches)
- keep your foot on the clutch pedal while driving (leads to increased clutch wear);
- to choose high gear(3,4,5) at insufficient speed for this and low revolutions (increased load on the engine and box);
- to depress the clutch at stops lasting more than 40 seconds, you should select neutral gear(increased clutch wear);
- switch gears without depressing the clutch (manual transmission breakdown);
- constantly keep your hand on the gearshift lever (increased wear of various gearbox mechanisms);
- incomplete clutch release when switching stages;
- clutch drop.
With some rules and thoughtful driving, the experience of driving a car with a manual transmission will come quickly, despite the apparent complexity of such a transmission.
The main advantage of a car with a manual transmission is complete control over it, which is realized only with knurled kilometers.
