When I had a car, I never thought about how much she cost me. The car constantly pulled money: gasoline, parking, rubber replacement, insurance, repair. At some point, I found it all and realized that I would be cheaper to ride public transport and taxis.
Personal car is beneficial if you need a lot and go far regularly. It will be beneficial if you live outside the city or in remote areas of Moscow, and every day you need to dangle around the city. But if your trips are irregular or if you live in a small town, the personal car is more expensive even than a taxi! Yes, in small towns, where taxi is cheap, and the distance is small, there is no need to own a personal car at all. Without a car you can safely do, moving on a taxi every day, and it will be more profitable!
It is clear that all my counts are very conditional! Each person has its own routes, their expenses. I tried to present and calculate several standard scenarios.
Immediately answer some questions:
Yeah, and you also go to the cottage?
- It all depends on where the cottage. My cottage is 100 km from the center of Moscow, under the Wedge, the trip there by taxi will cost approximately 2000 rubles. In addition, for 2000 rubles per day, you can remove the carcharing machine ("Delimobil", "Protein"). Theoretically, you can find the driver and agree individually. Anyway, it will be cheaper than ride on your car.
But the car is the same freedom!
- In fact, this is the illusion of freedom. The car is constant headache. Where to store? Where to put if you are leaving for a long time? You are tied to the parking place. Without personal car Routes are more convenient. For example, if a plug - you jumped into the subway, we drove a couple of stations, came out, took a taxi and went further. And so on.
In Moscow, the most sold models in 2016 became Hyundai Solaris. and Kia Rio.. In Russia as a whole, they join them Lada Granta.. The first two models without discounts and shares cost 650,000 - 700,000 rubles, Lada Granta - an average of 400,000 - 450,000 rubles.
So, now we will consider how much the ownership costs (that is, inexpensive) car for Muscovite and for Nevoskvich!
Let's imagine that we have a Muscovite who lives in the north-east of Moscow and goes on "Solaris" 2016 release. He has a model with an automatic transmission and an engine with a volume of 1.6 liters, which consumes 9.3 liters in the urban cycle per 100 km. Need gasoline S. octane number not lower than the 92nd. Suppose our driver chooses medium quality fuel, AI-95. In Moscow, it is almost everywhere worth 39 rubles today.
Our Moskvich lives in the area of \u200b\u200bPeathenka Park, in the house 1 in the street Magadan, and he works somewhere on Sukharevka, say, in the Daev Lane. This is 14 kilometers one way. Agree, not the biggest distance for Moscow.
On the day he makes at least 28 km. Taking into account all sorts of trips to other matters, attempts to drive around traffic, races in shops, cafes, etc. This distance is easily growing up to 40 km a day, and this is minimum. On Sunday, our Moskvich all day of the house (0 km), and on Saturday or on Friday evening goes to the cottage / outside the city / on the outskirts of the products. Therefore, let the exit car drives 60 km. Total we get 260 km per week.
We have 52 weeks, that is, for a year, the car mileage will already be 13,520 km. It is 135.2 times 100 km. Thus, for the year the car in the urban cycle will eat at least 135.2 * 9.3 \u003d 1257 liters of gasoline. It will cost the owner of the car in 49 000 rubles.
Now to other expense items.
For 2016, Moscow earned in parking lots and fines more than 17.5 billion rubles. In total, approximately 5.6 million cars are registered in the capital. This means that the average motorist in the capital spends on parking and fines about 31,250 rubles per year. Let's round up to 30 thousand.
Transport tax on its "Solaris" with a capacity of 123 hp will be 3075 rubles. OSAGO policy will cost him at least in 10 000 rubles in year.
Depreciation. "Solaris" of the same generation, but 2014 release is now less cheaper than 500 thousand rubles. That is, in three years, the car fell by 200 thousand, let it be 65 000 in year.
Since the car is new, the cost of inspection and the new set summer rubber You can neglected. But winter tires will still have to buy, it is still at least 12,000 rubles. A maximum after three years of use will have to change, that is, a year 4000 rubles.
Tireage (2 times a year) and repair tires in the case of puncture will cost 5000 rubles in year. You can add the cost of car wash. A comprehensive car wash in Moscow costs from 1000 rubles, that is, in a year will go away at least 12 000 rubles.
Maintenance Hyundai Solaris 2016 is 8730 p. For the first year, 12 437 r. For the second and 8,730 p. For the third. On average comes around 10 000 rubles in year.
Accidents, breakdowns, traffic jams (and overrun), as well as inexpensive oil consumables and non-freezers, we do not take into account (and it is difficult to calculate it). Only a naked minimum.
Minimum cost of ownership of a budget car in Moscow (rubles per year):
65,000 - depreciation;
49,000 - gasoline;
30,000 parking and penalties;
12,000 - car wash;
10 000 - OSAGO (per year);
10,000 - maintenance;
5000 - "Pereobuvka" tires;
4000 – winter tires;
3000 - tax;
TOTAL: 188 000 rubles.
It turns out that the owner of the new economy class car, which does not fall into an accident, does not break, does not break and almost do not stand in traffic jams, spends on him in Moscow at least 188,000 rubles per year, or more than 15 thousand per month. In fact, the annual amount will most likely strive for 200 000 .
By the way, paid parking immediately increases the cost of ownership by the car. Parking at the place of work of our hypothetical Muscovite, in the giving lane, would cost him at least 760 rubles a day. This is 3800 r. a week or almost 200 thousand per year! But here you can be sure that our driver will either be parked in some yard, or just cover the number of the leaves and significantly save on it.
Now imagine that the same driver spends money not on the car, but on public transport and taxis.
Even if he will ride a job every day and from work on a taxi, it will be 4000-5,000 rubles per week, that is, about a year 208 000 - 260 000 rubles. Annual Unified Direct would cost him 18 200 rubles. If he went to a taxi from home to the subway, it would rathe him in 250 rubles a day or 1250 a week, per year - 65,000. We summarize with the price of the passage on the subway and get 83 200 rubles. You can round up to 100,000 if you consider unforeseen taxi costs. You can even add another 20,000 taxi on weekends. Receive 120 000 , And anyway, it will be one and a half times cheaper than owning an economy class car.
Moscow Crachhering costs 8 rubles per minute. To get from Magadan, 1 to Daeva Lane, you need to spend 40 minutes by traffic or 23 minutes without traffic jams. Take the average, it is 32 minutes. A trip on a creeper car will cost 256 rubles. This, by the way, is much cheaper than taxi. On the day, our driver will spend 512 rubles, a week - 2560 for trips to work. In year, cutting costs will be 133 000 rubles.
Use Crashing for other types of trips is inappropriate, because the plugs in Moscow are quite unpredictable. In addition, there is an obvious problem: near the house can simply not be a creeper car. These disadvantages compensate with the help of additional taxi expenses - a total of 160 000 .
Consider the cars of the next price category - cars cost in the region of 1 million rubles. In the top 25 for sales for 2016 in Russia to this bar approached Skoda Octavia. and Nissan Qashqai..
Take the average "Skoda" with an automatic and gasoline engine with a volume of 1.4 liters with a capacity of 150 hp (1,177,000 rubles) or a simple "Nissan" with a stepless variator and engine volume of 1.2 liters with a capacity of 115 hp (1 123 000 r.). At the first fuel consumption in the urban cycle will be 6.9 liters per 100 km, the second is 9.2 liters.
Obviously, gasoline they will eat less. If they pass as much as the driver of "Solaris" (13,520 km per year), then the owner of Skoda will spend on fuel in the area of \u200b\u200b36,000 rubles per year, and "Nissan" - 48 500. Let's round up to 40 000 .
Nissan Qashqai 2014 will cost about 950,000 rubles. For three years, the car will lose 173,000 rubles in price, it 58,000 per year. Skoda's difference between new machine And three-year hundred is much larger, this is due to a recent price increase. Rounded annual depreciation 60 000 .
Once the car costs more than a million, the driver will most likely prefer to add "CASCO". Such insurance will cost 43,000 rubles. Transport tax on Skoda will be higher due to more powerful engine (5250 r. Against 2850 p.). Let it be on average 4000.
Maintenance "Nissan" will cost 8600 p. For the first and third year and at 18,700 p. For the second, on average comes around 12 000 in year.
The minimum cost of ownership by car at a price of 1 million rubles in Moscow (rubles per year):
60 000 - depreciation;
43,000 - "Casco" + Osago (per year);
40 000 - gasoline;
30,000 parking and penalties;
12,000 - maintenance;
12,000 - car wash;
5000 - "Pereobuvka" tires;
4000 - winter tires;
4000 - tax;
TOTAL: 210 000 rubles.
From cars even higher price category in Top 25 for sales Toyota Camry. And Toyota RAV4. They cost from 1.5 million rubles in a simple configuration.
Take for example "Camry" with a 2-liter engine (150 hp) and a 6-speed ACP. It will cost it 1 557 000 r. Fuel consumption in the urban cycle - 10 liters per 100 km.
Here 53 000 It takes only gasoline, insurance "CASCO" + OSAGO and tax - another 37,000, plus maintenance in the region of 10 thousand. The most expensive car of 2014 in a similar configuration costs 1,200,000 p. That is, depreciation will be more 100 000 rubles in year!
The minimum cost of ownership of the car at a price of 1.5 million rubles in Moscow (rubles per year):
100 000 - depreciation;
53 000 - gasoline;
32,000 - "Casco" + Osago;
30,000 parking and penalties;
12,000 - car wash;
10,000 - maintenance;
5000 - "Pereobuvka" tires;
5000 - tax;
4000 - winter tires;
TOTAL: 251 000 rubles.
With more expensive cars, it is difficult to calculate everything, there too much depends on the configuration. Usually, people who buy cars are more expensive than 2 million, will not be sealed on gasoline and so on (except that it is modestly wrapped with a piece of paper on a paid parking), and we are talking about savings.
But it can be assumed that when buying expensive car It is more difficult to guess with depreciation. Most likely, most of the annual costs will have to be on this graph (if it is not only a luxury car limited series, which will only be expensive with time).
What do we get in the end? As can be seen from infographics, it is possible to significantly save even if you ride in Moscow only on creepering machines and a taxi. If you combine taxi and carcharging with public transport, it turns out even cheaper. In Moscow, there is some point in buying a budget car, but only if you ride all the time through strictly specified routes. The slightest deviation from the norm - and you start overpaying.
Now let's look at the example of the driver in our favorite Tula!
He decided to save a little by car, so he would not go to Korean, but at the pride of the domestic auto industry, Lada Granta in the middle configuration and with a machine gun. Such a car is now worth about 500,000 rubles. Fuel consumption in the city cycle is 9.9 liters, gasoline is not lower than the 95th.
To somehow justify the ownership of a car in such a city, like Tula, imagine that our driver lives somewhere on the outskirts, but works in the center. Suppose He needs to go from home No. 13 on Pushkin Street in the village of Kosya Mount to Pushkin Street, but already in Tula itself. This is 10 kilometers.
It turns out 20 km per day to work and back, add 5 km on other needs. On the weekend car rides for the same scheme as Muscovite: one day rests, on the other makes a double distance (50 km). Total for the week the car drives 175 km.
For the year, mileage will be 9100 km. It will take 900 liters of gasoline at a price of 39 rubles / liter (prices for fuel in Moscow and Tula almost do not differ), it will have to spend 35 100 rubles.
Now to depreciation. Lada Granta S. automatic box 2014 is an average of 330,000 rubles. For three years, the car lost 170,000 p. Even if you lose up to 160 thousand, the depreciation will be at least 55 000 per year.
Assuming that we are dealing with a conscious driver who spends as many as 80 rubles a day on paid parking In Tula, then this is an additional 20,800 rubles per year. But we can not consider them yet, because no one pays for the parking lot in Tula) Suppose that in the amount of Tulyak spends fines and parking 10 000 rubles in year.
Osago will cost B. 7500 rubles, winter tires - in the same 12 thousand (or 4000 per year), transport tax will be 2700 rubles. Pereobuvka tires 2 times a year - another 4 thousand.
Car wash - about 600 rubles per month, a year is a minimum 7200 .
Then Lada Granta has 3700 p. For the first year of operation, 4900 r. For the second and 3700 for the third. Average - 4100 per year.
Minimum cost of ownership of a budget car in Tula (rubles per year):
55 000 - depreciation;
35 000 - gasoline;
10,000 parking and penalties;
7500 - OSAGO (per year);
7200 - car wash;
4100 - maintenance;
4000 - "Pereobuvka" tires;
4000 - winter tires;
2700 - tax;
TOTAL: 133 500 rubles.
In total, our tulak will spend about 133,000 rubles for each of the first three years of ownership, and later the cost of ownership will only rapidly grow. In fact, annual expenses will be about 150,000.
Drive on taxi from Pushkin, 13 to Pushkinskaya, 13 costs 160 rubles one way, or 320 rubles per day. it 83 200 rubles in year. That is, even if our tulyak will be poured and take a taxi for a taxi every day, it will still be cheaper than to own a budget car. If you consider taxi costs on weekends, you can round up to 100 000 . But why then you need a fruit with insurance, technical inspections, pereobia, corks, searching for parking and with all other things, if you can always ride a taxi and spend only money, not money together with nerves and time? And at the same time save up to 50,000 rubles per year.
And also, our driver could have to get from the place of residence to the place of work on the 28th bus and spend 30 rubles per day for it, or 7800 rubles in year.
What freedom are you talking about? The car is just extra expenses and headache, and that's it.
It turns out that in such a city as Tula car is not needed at all. In Moscow, it makes sense to take budget car For regular trips for long distances, but you will be overpaying for it with each turn not there and every day of his aging.
If we consider other cities, it turns out that the smaller the city, the greater the gap between the cost of ownership with its machine and the annual "subscription" by taxi. It turns out, the car is really luxury. Even if you take carefully drive, do not waste repair and do not carry any additional costs, the slightest error instantly increases the price of its use. Fine, accident, pit on the road - and in a minimum you can no longer save.
So in our cities public transport in combination with a taxi and (for Moscow and Peter) Crashing easily replaces a personal car.
Count how much time on the car spend and compare it with how much you would spend on taxi and public transport! Tell me in the comments what happened.
Yes, in fact, almost without any
Exception can be mirrors, window glass, seats covers and braid on the steering wheel. But without them, the car will start, and go. But there are also such details that are unambiguously needed, because without them the car does not go. And such details belongs the battery. Of course, it is needed not only in cars, but also in phones, cameras, and so on. That is, this is an instrument that accumulates (accumulates) energy, and then gives it to that device for which it is created. It is clear that in different types of devices and batteries are also different, but we will talk about the specific one now.
Those who want to buy a battery for cars do not even realize how much interesting information about it can be found.
And what information will we discuss?
So, for example, do everyone know that the basis for the battery was created by Alessandro Volta in 1800? He realized that the conducted copper and zinc plates, immersed in acid, create a flow of electricity. But after such a discovery, the researcher took almost two years so that the battery appears in mass production. Of course, it was a very primitive battery, but she worked. It consisted of two sheets (zinc and copper), soldered at the ends and immersed in a wooden box with sea water or acid.
One more interesting fact - This is the creation of a battery that could be recharged. He came up with Gaston Plantte, and it was in 1859. The composition of such a battery was different than that of Volta: the lead plates were the electrodes, and sulfuric acid served electrolyte.
Well, a little about modern car batteries
There is a lot of rules in their operation that cannot be listed in a small note. But it can be noted that when the engine running the battery is not worth changing, because it can lead to a break in the work of the entire car. And one more an important rule It is that in winter to warm up the battery will not work, no matter how hard you try. And even a new one can sit down. In the frost it needs to be simply periodically removed and charged.
Is that no seats, roofs and doors, glazing and janitors will not hurt her movement, and everything else plays a decisive role in her ability to go. So talk about what part is more important, but what less, it is not necessary.
However, there is both what is the most important aspect for the movement of any car is the battery (it is acb, that is accumulator battery). It can be said about it much, but it is necessary to start with the fact that an acb is the main source of energy for the electric transport, and for cars or motor transport - auxiliary. In cars, the battery serves to start the engine, that is, without it, and in fact the car will not go anywhere.
Of course, considering the diversity modern cars, It is not surprising that both accumulators are also created a lot. And, choosing ankb, you should carefully calculate all aspects, all the parameters, choosing what is suitable for the car Most. Wide choose Akb in St. Petersburg can be found here: http://bestakbspb.ru/, but for now it is worth noting some aspects.
What is the battery?
This is a chemical current source consisting of several batteries (usually for car batteries 6 elements are used). During the existence of the battery (and this is more than one and a half centuries), they changed their composition, and at the moment lead-acid is the most common. Nevertheless, this does not mean that all types of batteries are the same. The basis for the electrodes is still, as many years ago, is lead, but additives to it can be different, which causes different types Akb.
Let us give a few examples: AKB may be antimunct, minor, calcium, hybrid, gel, alkaline and lithium-ion. Of course, each of these types of batteries has various properties, which makes them popular to varying degrees. However, antimunctive are at the moment are outdated. But there are quite a few other types, so the question remains open.
If you have ever had to make a choice, you probably came across the ads with the same not completely understandable phrase "The car was re-set up."
What does "Setup" mean contemporary cars? Be sure, most likely, even the seller himself does not know what is meant by this term and what needs to be done to carry out this setting. Probably, he simply screwed up the popular phrase into his ad, not particularly bothering about its meaning. Meanwhile, in real life there are certain actions that simply need to do any car owner so that his car drove confidently and did not give trouble.
Open the hood and check!
Most of the modern cars today are unlikely to require a serious planning, except, perhaps, checking the level of technical fluids.
It has become available thanks to technological advances in automotive industrywhich began to use since the late 1980s. Widespread fuel injection systems and electronic ignition, as well as ignitions with an individual coil on each candle created a fertile soil for serious engine reliability growth internal combustion. Nowadays, the motors can smoothly work out their resource without headache owner to configure the power units.
However, this does not mean that motorists cannot benefit from from time to time the diagnosis of the subcontrol space. Today we will look at what exactly implies this process for a modern gasoline car and how effective it is. You will be surprised how easy and inexpensively can improve engine performance.
Replacing spark plugs
The first item in the configuration control list is the replacement of the engine ignition candle. Many cars are equipped with "long-playing" platinum or iridium ignition candles that work so long that it is easy to forget that they wear out and exist. These candles often fully fully work out their service life, and this is an impressive 100-160 thousand km. Surprisingly reliable things, especially considering what difficult conditions they "go".
But as soon as their life cycle comes to an end, you instantly feel the deterioration in the behavior of the car.
The symptoms are as follows: Difficult start and small engine power loss. Candles need to be changed.
An example of a car on which the replacement of candles will be conducted - Mazda 3 2010 release. A car has the need to replace candles when running 105.000 km .
Access to Ignition Candles On some cars can be a real headache, so do not forget to explore the procedure for their removal on your car before proceeding.
On the Mazda of this model and year to get to the candles, it was necessary to disconnect the car battery, remove the plastic engine cover and unscrew the set of ignition coils that are installed on top of the candles.
Important! It is strongly recommended to carefully clean the area of \u200b\u200bwork, especially in the spark plug wells before removing the candles. Powerful vacuum cleaner or cartoon with compressed air are suitable in order to quickly remove all the dirt from hard to reach places. The least you want, so that the sand or dust fell inside the engine during the replacement.
We also draw attention to the fact that it will be not so easy to stronger. Therefore, you need to unscrew them with a corresponding tool - a key to 16 "with a sufficiently long lever. However, after notioning the candle, the case will go much easier!
We unscrew the old candles.
When old elements of obtaining sparks are removed, time to prepare new candles to use. Of course, the desired type of candles must be purchased in advance.
Always check the gap on the spark plug before installing it in place. The gap determines the temperature and intensity of the spark provided by the candle. Incorrectly exposed gap can cause premature ignition, detonation or other engine problems. Of course, at the factory put and checked such a delicate technical moment, but it costs to double-check.
Device for measuring the gap.
You can check the gap inexpensive device like what is shown above. Specifications for the size of the gap of the candles of your car can be found in the owner's manual or in the table in motor compartment. If during the measurement it was found that the gap is shot down and is outside the specification, you can carefully adjust it by moving the grounding electrode on or closer to the central electrode.
Candles with platinum and iridium tips have fragile central electrodes, which are easily destroyed when trying to clumsy gap. Be careful!
However, we will repeat, at the factory, everything will certainly be put out, so your intervention is most likely not needed.
It's time to put candles in.
Some automasters recommend using a small amount of anti-paste, applied to the candle thread. At the same time, it is important to ensure that the chemical composition does not get into the area of \u200b\u200bthe central electrode, otherwise the candle will not work. However, other masters are also categorical in reverse.
The main arguments "against" are an excessive tightening of the candles (the anti-paste lubricates the thread and can change the torque value) and poor grounding from the engine cylinder head.
Screw the candles from your hand, take the dynamometer key and tighten them according to the numbers in the specification. Specifications Look in the user manual or google. No dynamometric key? Be sure to buy! Normal dynamometric key can be taken already for 2-2.5 thousand rubles . With him, you never break delicate compounds and will not be an invalid initiator of a very troublesome and expensive restoration repair.
Tightening the candle properly, you can install the coil and the decorative engine cover. Battery leave disconnected to perform subsequent settings.
Cost: Depends on the quantity and quality of candles plus a dynamometric key.
Cleaning throttle valve
The following point in the setup list is cleaning the case throttle valve. Throttle adjusts air supply to gasoline engineWith direct participation in the operation of this element, the formation of a fuel-air mixture.
The damper that opens and closes depending on how much gas you give the pedal, over time is significantly contaminated. On the back of the damper facing the engine, the film is formed over time, and then the whole thick layer of the "oil" plaque, which is mainly obeyed by the engine crankcase ventilation system.
The greater the oil layer on the flap, the worse it is the reaction to the opening and closing of the throttle, "hanging" after the release of the gas pedal. Uneven work on idling It will also be present among the symptoms.
And since the cleaning of the throttle valve is very rarely made by automakers in the planned, it is better to do it yourself. Especially this is easy when it comes to mechanical drive.
When to clean? If the car mileage passed for 80 thousand km and you know that the damper never cleaned or, on the contrary, do not know whether it was dismantled, we advise you to clean it.
That's what you need to work:
Product to clean throttle valves (you can take a regular cleaner)
Screwdriver
Spanners
Cloth without a pile or brush
New throttle housing gasket (for replacement)
In order to carefully clean the item, you must remove the throttle body from the car. This will require the removal of a rubber inlet pipeline, disconnecting some of the electric plugs (depends on the model and year of production of the car) and unscrewing several bolts that hold the throttle housing in intake manifold Engine. Depending on the car you may have to remove a couple of hoses from the throttle body.
This is not a nagar, it is a flare. Black "velvety" fly should not be
After removing the throttle housing from the car, you probably find a thick oily layer on one side of the damper, the other will be simple in dust. Your goal is to remove all contamination from the inside of the case.
If electrical components are present on the throttle housing, such as a drive motor, and you are afraid to spray the cleaner into the throttle body, simply spray the remedy on the cloth and start wiped. This process can take a little longer, but it is better to work a little longer than risking the destruction of expensive electrical components.
Gradually remove the whole raid
Attention: make sure you are in a well-ventilated room when using a cleaner. This is a powerful chemical, by hung over couples of which you can lose consciousness and make serious harm to health. Latex gloves And safety glasses can also become good defense.
As from the factory! Other things!
All the dirt was cleared, it was time to install the throttle housing on the intake manifold using a new gasket. It is important to use a new rubber sealing product for installing a sealed connection.
Cost: 1000-2000 rubles.
Cleaning DMRV, or MAF Sensor
If your car is equipped with fuel injection, it will stand either DMRV, or the pressure sensor.
DMRV, also called MAF, is usually installed in the air duct after the filter.
Map, or pressure sensor in the intake manifold. It is easy to guess that this sensor measures the pressure in the collector, calculating using a computer, which amount of air enters the car engine.
This information is used to determine the amount of fuel that must be included in the cylinders. Thus, we are talking about critical sensors, on which the quality of the engine is depends.
The MAF sensor is easily accessible on this Mazda 3.
Both types of sensor can over time to pollute, which will affect the healthy operation of the engine.
General symptoms: Improving fuel consumption, sluggish start and acceleration.
Fortunately, clean these sensors are just as simple as the throttle.
Mazda 3 is equipped with DMRV sensor, so we will clean it. To do this, take a cleaner for DMRV (sold in auto parts stores).
We note that there are different types MAF sensors (DMRV) are not all similar to the one that in these photos.
Attention: do not forget to pre-explore how best to clear a specific DMWR or MAP sensor before continuing. Special precautions and / or cleaning products may be required to avoid damage to the specific type of sensor used in the car.
The MAF sensor on this car is located in an easily accessible place next to the air filter box. Disconnecting the electrical connector and removing two small screws - all that is required to dismantle the sensor.
In this type of mass flow sensor, it is necessary to clean the two parts: temperature sensor and contacts that go to it. You can see that the temperature sensor darkened on one side. Consider contamination.
As soon as the remnants of the spray are completely dry, the sensor will again get the opportunity to work as a new one. We set it back to the car, connect the car battery and begin to be proud of yourself. The car will work better, and this is your merit!
Cost: 750 rubles.
Replacing air filter
I am sure that you understand that the air filter replacement is an easy task, but you will be really surprised by learning how often this is the most important and brilliant way to extend the life of the engine and improve the operational performance of the car is ignored.
The air filter of the engine of your car can be both salvation and cursing. Working in optimal mode, retains dirt and other solid particles, preventing them from entering the engine.
However, after 25-35 thousand km (depending on the car and operating conditions), the air filter will break completely and will no longer pass a sufficient amount of air. The old dirty filter will start literally to "stroke" the engine.
Quality air filters You can pick up at a reasonable price at any auto parts store. For many car models, it is not even necessary to unscrew something, it is enough to remove the filter box cover, which is often attached on the clips. Many automakers specifically make a detail available to replace the owner by itself.
The only thing that is worth paying attention to when replacing the filter element is the box to which you put a new one. The box will be dirty and dusty. Therefore, it should be cleaned of foreign particles before putting new spare part. For ease of cleaning, it is best to remove it.
Cost: 1.000-2,000 rubles.
Feeling novelty
It can be argued that there is a huge number of other consumables, such as software-managed PCV valves (enters the system forced ventilation engine crankcase), spark plug wires, ignition coils, oxygen sensors and fuel filterswhich should also be replaced on time and are extremely important on a modern car.
Crashing appeared in Moscow for another six years ago, but the rapid development began in 2015, and in January of this year there were already thirteen companies in the capital, the park of which has 6,700 cars! In the Moscow City Hall, the capacity of this market is assessed at all at 10-15 thousand. Such a future is separated by the operators themselves, in need of assuring us in the benefit of this type of transport, because the drivers do not need to spend money on fuel, spare parts and repairs: the content of the carchering machines are engaged in the firms themselves. In addition, they can be flew free of charge. According to the portal MOS.ru, more than one million users have already been registered in the system of short-term car rental, which last year made 5.6 million trips!
Mustache? But I decided to become a client of Carsching not immediately. Scared Dragon fines from operators for customer provinces. Only in Belkacar, Last year carried out fines for 26.9 million rubles! True, among them the punishment for the transfer of the car to a third party, but evacuation and completion of the trip on a closed territory also enter the top three most popular violations. But about dirty salons and broken items of leased machines - not a word. So companies close on it? Now fine…
For the test, I chose five operators using popular in Moscow - these are massive delimobil and car5, advanced YouDrive and Belkacar, as well as the Easyride operator, which first suggested users of crossovers. Crashing in Moscow is now from five rubles per minute of the trip. What operator will be more reliable, and the application is more convenient?
Easyride.
Renault Kaptur.: 9 rubles / min in trip mode, 3 rubles / min in standby mode.
By running the application and clicking on the registration button, I suddenly get to the page with its end, where I propose to put the right ticks in front of the rows with the processing of data, with the terms of the contract and other formalities. Information about tariffs and fines is filed as references on the same page - and no greetings or briefings. I send documents and wait for an answer to the results, but in vain: after three days, he never came. The call to the company also did not give results. And even by the time this article, the registration started back in 2017 was not completed - and did not explain this reason for this. It seems that the firm does not really need new customers, so the acquaintance with Isyrude had to postpone.
Delimobil
Hyundai Solaris, Renault Kaptur: 7 rubles / min at the tariff Basic and 8 rubles / min at the tariff Tale with zero responsibility at an accident, 2.5 rubles / min in standby mode.
The most remarked registration! The system forced immediately subscribe to the tariff. But wait, we are still unfamiliar! What if I do not like the functionality of the application? In addition, in order to deal with what option is preferable, you have to read a small font, linked to the differences. But the list is a tariff with zero responsibility for an accident. And the price is adequate: eight rubles per minute of use of the car. His and choose.
I turn to the filing of the questionnaire, subconsciously noting the unfriendly layout of the application. I enter the necessary information, I expect the next step and ... You will double the required sections that suddenly appeared on the screen. And what is the contract itself? On the smartphone, its text is displayed in small font - it is unlikely that someone from users studied it to the end. Now I am not surprised by situations when unhappy customers accuse the company in placing fines, the existence of which they did not even suspect. And just would be worth it to make a well-readable form of the contract.
According to the rules, the firm activates the user's account within two days. But after a day I only received a request to provide a new, more "reading" photo. Then the security service demanded to print the contract, put a signature, scan and send a package of documents in the response letter: without this, the account will not work. Finally, the next day a confirmation has come to the mail that my profile has passed the check and Delimobil can give me a car.
Far behind it did not have to go: Crashhehherian Hyundai Solaris waited for me under the editorial windows. Booking a car, I carefully examined him for damage to make them in a special form and not pay the fines of other strangers. The list turned out to be impressive! Departed overlay rear bumper, damaged housing of the rear view mirror, abrasion on the body, sustained the front bumper, dent on the lid of the trunk ...
In the meantime, three free minutes on the inspection ended and the standby mode with the tariff of 2.5 rubles per minute. But I have not looked into the salon yet! By contacting just in case with the operator, I declared numerous damages, and the organization did not even know about the part of them. In response, I was advised to send photos to the Telegram channel of the company. The inspection of the car and negotiations went ten minutes.
Salon Solaris met a layer of dust on the panel and blurred seats, but the sticky steering wheel turned out to be the most unpleasant - it was necessary to use wet napkins.
Already when leaving the parking lot, it was found that brake pads It has long been requested a replacement, which unambiguously reported an unpleasant grinding. By the middle of the way, the desire to wash his hands became all obsessive. Meanwhile windshield It became treacherously fogged, and the wiper brushes were frozen. As it turned out, all due to the fact that the operator went along the simple path and did not be pushed as to install the engine start button, only incurred the key to the ignition lock. Over time, the contact group began to clutch and therefore, during the movement, the stove and wipers, and "music" disappeared during the movement. But thanks to some miracle, the motor continued to work. No, I don't need such a mountain-car - I reach the goal, a bright car and leaving in search of a place where you can wash your hands.
Rental time - 51 minutes. The price of a trip is 411 rubles.
Hurry up to say goodbye to the Easyride operator, I did not learn an attempt to rent a crossover. And here just Delimobil bought the party exactly the same cars Renault. Kaptur, like Iruda. Will they be able to rehabilitate the company in my eyes?
The state of a new crossover, of course, was pleased, but it was not possible to start it, and when renting the door of the door was left open. From the account, in the meantime, 50 rubles were heard. Again it did not work out and go, as the company promises ... Another call to the operator (I already got used to this) I solved the problem: the system was restarted, and this time the engine start button worked. Money promised to return to the account. Having drove a very small distance in the fresh car and noting not yet the fan of the salon, I parked Kaptur and with a sense of accomplished debt went to the editor.
Rental time is 15 minutes. The price of a trip is 168 rubles.
Youdrive.
sMART: 9 rub / min in the use mode, 2.5 rubles / min in parking mode.
BMW 218I. Active Tourer.: 14 rubles / min in the use mode, 3.5 rubles / min in parking mode.
BMW i3: 17 rubles / min, parking mode is not provided.
The registration process was not completely complex and intuitive. The system met me with a greeting, offered to complete the interaction and did not find fault with the Quality of Selfie with the documents made from the first time. The profile also turned out to be easily in filling.
The company has a rating, and what it is higher, especially interesting cars You can rent. Starter level is Smart Fortwo and Forfour microcars. Bored with a car (I got Fortwo) was relatively clean outside - and absolutely licked inside. True, there was no plug on the front bumper, and to report about this trouble, the moments had to be concerned about the functional mobile application: Communication with Chat Bot developed, to put it mildly, strange, and the system stubbornly issued only information about the damage. And about such minor, which do not see without a fitting!
Hurry up to surfed near the smart because of a failure in the application, I still could achieve the approval of the operator for the trip (when he accepted information about new damage) and translate the car to the rental mode. Little Smart struck with his maneuverability - this is what is needed for short trips along the city center.
Rental time is 16 minutes. Rating price - 129 rubles.
In the fleet of the company there are cars more interesting, but access to them is open only to customers with an increased ranking. And then I decided to take advantage of the official position and asked the press service of the company to upgrade my account. Is it worth rolling minutes on smarts and save the rating for the sake of ability to rent, say, compacttwan BMW 218i Active Tourer?
Standing! This experience of the short-term transport rental liked me most. Firstly, despite the incomprehensible substance under the legs, the car inside was relatively clean, although from the previous tenant and remained a jacket jar in a pair with a crumpled napkin on the floor. Secondly, the car was very comfortable. Good smooth course spacious salon, good dynamics - and such a pleasant eye orange scales in the corporate spirit of BMW. It was in this car that I finally got used to my "creech" regime, but unlike past experiments I did not have to call the operator with complaints about damage.
Rental time is 72 minutes. Rating price - 644 rubles.
Well now - BMW i3! If Active Tourer can be booked, having a second user level, an unusual hybrid will open only to customers with the fifth level of eight. To my chagrin, the "Ai-Third" was dirty. Without finding visible damage on the body, I tried to open a car, but unsuccessfully. Due to the weak signal of the mobile Internet, the locks did not work. And if you need to urgently go? After a few minutes of walking around in search of a good door opened.
Alas, the interior was not clean: the mats are blurred by traces of the shoes of previous tenants, and in the cup holder lay a crumpled rag. It is worth noting that in free 20 minutes, which are given to users to get to the car, I did not meet. For my arrival, the hybrid has been in the lease mode for four minutes and "I acted" my blood: it is for this model that the parking mode is not provided.
The path was long, and during this time I managed to get used to the unusual control of the burden (the wheel only leads the electric motor!), And to the feeling of a huge space inside such compact car. Yes, so that excessive confidence played a screw joke with me: I blinked the video confixation chamber, slightly exceeding speed modeWhat was subsequently the operator informed me by email with a request to pay a fine (with a 50 percent discount on the law). In short, if you are going to rent a BMW i3, be careful: after the first dose of electric vehicles, it is possible to put down. So I did not want to say goodbye to the car, but cut off the rental counter.
Rental time is 54 minutes. Rating price - 921 ruble.
Car5
Datsun Mi-DO: 5 rubles / min in trip mode, 2 rubles / min in waiting mode.
The registration process was not the example faster than the delimobil. But, having started it in the company's application, it was necessary to continue through e-mail, where they sent the confirmation code. And I have already become nervous, waiting for SMS to the phone, as is customary in other firms. Nevertheless, the activation of the account passed in the shortest possible time - literally for ten minutes.
In the morning, I noted on the card free Datsun Mi-Do company Car5, which was located near the editorial office. To my surprise, the car stood in place the whole first half of the day, which confirmed the fixed point with location vehicle On the mobile phone screen. Is there so unpopular service? But when I eventually got to the car, everything became clear: the car has no indications of turning on the front wings, the threshold from the passenger side will be pressed, and the abrasion and scuffs are not considered.
I called the operator to report a worthless state of the car, and received an answer: "take a picture of all damage and send them to us by email." In order not to get involved with such difficulties, I decided to find a similar, but a good car, and the trip on it still took place. True, she was completely short, because to be in the midst of crushed wrappers from curd cheese and chocolates, napkins and other garbage was unpleasant. In consolation - the lowest price of the trip.
Rental time is 15 minutes. The price of a trip is 75 rubles.
Belkacar
Kia Rio: 8 rubles / min in trip mode, 2 rubles / min in the mode of waiting.
Mercedes Cla: 16 rubles / min in trip mode, 4 rubles / min in the mode of waiting.
The operator meets the user with open arms: here and the preliminary navigator on the functions of the application, and clear explanations on the use of the program - and all this on the welcome slides. Photos of documents and Selfies with them in protein successfully passed the check in one day.
After car companies, Delimobil and Car5, I expected other operators either pay attention to maintaining cleanliness in economy-class cars. But salon Kia. Rio turned out to be well-groomed, dirt was not (and this in winter), and in addition, the firm took care of the installation of a charger for smartphones with three different connectors. The car was fully working, riding it was pleasant - not to compare with Salimobil's Solaris, which is in the same "weight category".
Rental time - 38 minutes. Rating price - 301 ruble.
But it is time to go to the next level of billing. The same protein offers mercedes sedans CLA. Premium cars from operators in the city less than economical Kia and Solaris, and to rent Mercedes, had to overcome a couple of kilometers. But the car also turned out to be clean. In the cabin also found charging device For mobile phones, derived through a cup holder, and in the trunk - a washing liquid canister and a snow brush. Delimobile, car5 and youdrive, I have not met such amenities.
A trip to Mercedes, of course, brought more pleasure than on Rio: the difference in the class is evident. Yes, and the phone had managed to recharge the phone. But the tariff is completely different: Comfort has to pay.
Rental time - 19 minutes. Rating price - 295 rubles.
Is there any reason?
As a person often driven into the center of the capital on business, which also obliges from time to time to look at all hundred, I admit that the service of the short-term rental of the car in such cases may be useful. For example, carying instead of a personal car you can take advantage if you return home already as a passenger. Or if the potential spending on the parking lot of its car in the city center exceeds carcharing costs. True, it does not cancel the torment with a search for free space. Although Smart Fortwo can serve in this situation a good service: due to the compact size (length of 2.69 m) it can be parked perpendicular to the sidewalk (if you do not prohibit signs and road marking).
In the central part of Moscow, carcharging cars are a lot - and finding nearby free is not difficult. Although, for example, if you live in the very nearest Moscow region, then the search for a carcharging machine turns into a problem: for example, a single car did not find in Mytishchi in the morning, and applications were offered to get to the nearest cars for a taxi.
Rent budgetary cars It seems of Danchean or Solaris is acceptable - in many cases even cheaper than a taxi. Take, say, my trip to Danchene for 75 rubles: Have you seen such a taxi account for a long time? In addition, many people do not want to contact the taxi drivers who are often rude and choose not the most profitable route. And behind the wheel of "CARCHERING" you are my own owner.
Significantly more expensive lease premium cars. But, oddly enough, the feeling of annoyance for overpayment did not pursue me, and all thanks to a special atmosphere in these machines. And I seem to begin to understand those customers who overpay for rent a Mercedes or BMW.
Understanding remained after communication with BMW i3. Such experiments, in which the lease hour will have to give more than 1000 rubles, are needed, apparently, for the sake of the experiments themselves, when it really wants to try out an extravagant and expensive car. But the operator should be better followed by the state of such machines: dirt inside the cabin in a similar situation is not polished!
Crashing operators are somewhat exaggerated when they say that short-term car rental is almost replacement public transport. All my trips were more expensive than 50 rubles. Although if a transplant is needed from one type of transport to another, then the carcharing can really become more profitable. But it is justified only if the "cheap" cherrying car will be found nearby, otherwise a walking long a couple of kilometers will not be advantage.
There is no worse than the one when the user comes across the tired machine. During the trip to such an unwittingly, you begin to regret the choice of carcharring. After the brackets, the laptop minutes of waiting during the protracted inspection of the Delimobilevsky Solaris, I count the spending on the operator, I remember the ten-minute whistle around the car with a telephone camera and further torment on the road - and mourning 400 rubles, which had to pay for such an universe. Considering the problems, albeit minor, with the capture of the same operator, I unwill an unnecessary application from the phone's memory. Following Easyride, which was never able to activate my account. But the number of operators in the city is growing: five new companies were opened in the capital from October to December last year, and the online giant Yandex does not get tired to remind users of the soon launch of the service. Therefore, we will return to the theme of the carchering.
